JP4256126B2 - Tungsten-rhenium material and method for producing the same, cathode heater for cathode ray tube made of this tungsten-rhenium material, tube filament, and probe pin for electrical property inspection - Google Patents
Tungsten-rhenium material and method for producing the same, cathode heater for cathode ray tube made of this tungsten-rhenium material, tube filament, and probe pin for electrical property inspection Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、タングステン‐レニウム材(以下、W−Re材ということがある)およびその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
W−Re材は種々の用途に適用されている。例えばW−Re材の線材料は、従来よりブラウン管用カソードヒーター、管球用フィラメント、電気特性検査用プローブピンなどに使われている。そのようなW−Re材としては、所望の電気抵抗値を得るためにレニウム量(含有量)が20〜30wt%に調整されたものが一般的に用いられており、その製造方法としては通常タングステン(以下、Wということがある)粉末とレニウム(以下、Reということがある)粉末とを混合し、これを成形、焼結することからなる粉末冶金法が採用されている(例えば、特開平10−221366号公報)。このようなW−Re材は、最終的に製品サイズへ伸線加工されて、例えばブラウン管用カソードヒーター、管球用フィラメント、プローブピンなどに加工されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、W−Re材は、そのRe組成比が18wt%以上になると、化学平衡論的に常温下でWマトリックス中にReを完全に固溶させることが不可能となって、その結果、Re組成比が局部的に高い相領域(即ち、偏析相)が生成してしまうことがある(W−Reの状態図を参照)。この相は一般にσ(シグマ)相と呼ばれているものであるが、このようなσ相の偏析相が焼結後のW−Re材に存在していると、伸線加工時に断線が生じ易くなって製造歩留まりが大幅に劣化することがある。
【0004】
この問題の解決策としては、W−Re材を、高温下におけるWとReの完全固溶の状態から超急冷してσ相の生成を抑制し、室温下では非平衡な状態のW−Re材を製造する方法が考えられる。しかしながら、伸線工程で用いる棒状の焼結体の場合、薄帯や粉末と異なって超急冷を焼結体全体に均等に行うことが難しく、実際の製造は非常に困難である。
【0005】
本発明は、これらの問題点を考慮してなされたものであって、特に例えばブラウン管用カソードヒーター、管球フィラメント、プローブピンを製造していくうえで最適なW−Re材を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記問題を解決するために、本発明者らは、Re量(含有量)が18wt%以上のW−Re材の内部に常温下で不可避的に存在するσ相の生成領域の大きさに着目した。そして、化学平衡論的に固溶できないReよってσ相が生成されてしまうとしても、それが一部特定領域に偏析した状態ではなく、存在領域を所定の大きさ以下にまで微細化し広範囲に分散させることで、Wマトリックス全体への与える影響を実質的に使用上問題が無いレベルにまで抑えることが可能であることを見出した。
【0007】
したがって、本発明によるタングステン−レニウム材は、タングステンおよびレニウムから構成されるσ相の偏析相の最大粒径が10μm以下であること、を特徴とするものである。
【0008】
また、本発明による上記のタングステン−レニウム材の製造方法は、タングステン−レニウム材を粉末冶金法で製造する工程において、レニウム量が18wt%以下のタングステン−レニウム合金粉末を作製し、これに所望する組成に対して不足分のレニウムを混合すること、を特徴とするものである。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明によるタングステン−レニウム材は、タングステンおよびレニウムから構成されるσ相の偏析相の最大粒径が10μm以下、好ましくは5μm以下、であることを特徴としている。ここで、「タングステンおよびレニウムから構成されるσ相の偏析相」とは、σ相が実質的にタングステンおよびレニウムのみから構成されることを意味し、また、「σ相」とは、レニウム量が43.5〜65wt%および残部タングステンからなる相を示す。また、σ相はタングステン−レニウム材中のレニウム量(全体のRe量)よりも高いレニウム量を示すレニウム濃縮相(レニウム濃縮領域)となる。このようなレニウム濃縮相が、タングステン−レニウム材中に存在している領域を「σ相の偏析相」とする。
【0010】
そして、本発明によるタングステン−レニウム材は、このσ相の偏析相の平均粒径が5μm以下、好ましくは2.5μm以下、であることを特徴としている。
【0011】
ここで、「最大粒径」あるいは「平均粒径」での「粒径」とは、W−Re材の断面を2次元的に画像解析(断面写真に写す)し、σ相の各生成領域の形状の最も長い対角線を「最大粒径」、その最大粒径の中心から垂直に伸ばした対角線を短径とし、最大粒径と短径を足して2で割った値を「平均粒径」とする。このσ相の偏析相の最大粒径が10μmよりも大きい場合や、平均粒径が5μmよりも大きい場合は、Wマトリックスへ与える影響が無視できなくなる。特に直径が1mm以下レベルの細線への加工時では、これらの粗大なσ相が生成していると断線が非常に発生し易くなる。尚、この「σ相の偏析相」の領域は、例えばオージェ分析画像でみるとレニウム量が全体のレニウム量よりも高いため色が異なって映し出せることから容易に判別可能である。
【0012】
そして、本発明によるW−Re材は、Re含有量が好ましくは0.1〜40wt%、特に好ましくは18〜40wt%、のものである場合に顕著な効果を得ることができる。ここで、W−Re材におけるレニウム量(含有量)は、
[ Re/(W+Re) ] × 100%
の式から算出することができる。
【0013】
なお、本発明のよるW−Re材は、必要に応じて、カリウム(K)、アルミニウム(Al)、ケイ素(Si)の少なくとも1種のドープ剤を30〜150ppm含有することができる。
【0014】
一方、本発明による上記のタングステン−レニウム材の製造方法は、タングステン−レニウム材を粉末冶金法で製造する工程において、レニウム量が18wt%以下のタングステン−レニウム合金粉末を作製し、これに所望する組成に対して不足分のレニウムを混合した混合粉末を用いたこと、を特徴とする。
【0015】
ここで、タングステン−レニウム合金粉末の作製は、好ましくは、タングステン粉末とレニウム粉末とを混合し、これをタングステンマトリックス中にレニウムが固溶する温度以上で熱処理し、さらに微粉砕することによって作製することができる。この際に使用するW粉末としては最大粒径が150μm未満、さらに100μm未満、のものが好ましく、平均粒径が50μm未満、さらに30μm未満のものが好ましい。そして、Re粉末としては最大粒径が100μm未満、さらに50μm未満、のものが好ましく、平均粒径が30μm未満、さらに20μm未満のものが好ましい。W粉末とRe粉末との混合は、実質的に乾燥状態で、あるいはスラリー状態で行うことができる。好適なスラリー媒体としては、水、アルコール系溶媒等を例示することができる。
【0016】
タングステン−レニウム合金粉末の作製の際に行われる熱処理は、前記のW粉末とRe粉末との混合物に対して、Wマトリックス中にReが固溶する温度以上の温度で行う。この熱処理によって、前記のW粉末とRe粉末とが金属化して、Wマトリックス中にReが固溶したW−Re合金が形成される。このW−Re合金は、Re量が18wt%以下のものであるから、そのReの実質的全量がWマトリックス中にσ相の偏析相を実質的に生成することなく固溶したものである。
【0017】
熱処理温度は、焼成によってW−Re合金を形成するときは2100℃以上、特に2125℃以上、が好ましい。熱処理温度の上限は3400℃(Wの融点3422℃以下)である。また、この焼成による熱処理は、還元性雰囲気あるいは不活性雰囲気中で、好ましくは水素雰囲気下、アルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気下または真空中で、行うことが好ましい。
【0018】
また、溶解法によってW−Re合金を形成するときの熱処理温度は、2900℃以上、特に3150℃以上、が好ましい。熱処理温度の上限は3700℃である。この熱処理は真空中で行うことが好ましい。
【0019】
以上のようにして形成されたW−Re合金を、冷却したのち、常法により微粉砕することによって、本発明で使用するW−Re合金粉末を作製することができる。本発明で使用するW−Re合金粉末としては、最大粒径が200μm未満、さらに150μm未満、平均粒径が80μm未満、さらに50μm未満、のものが好ましい。最大粒径もしくは平均粒径が上記範囲外であると、後工程であるプレス成形時に成形性の低下を招き割れ、カケ、クラック等の不具合が発生し易くなるという問題が生じることがある。
【0020】
次いで、本発明では、このW−Re合金粉末に、所望する組成に対して不足分のReの粉末とを混合する。この混合方法については特に限定するものでは無いが、水もしくはアルコール系溶液を用い、両粉末(即ち、W−Re合金粉末と不足分のRe粉末)をスラリー状にして混合する方法は、分散性が良好な粉末が得られることから特に好ましい。不足分のレニウムとして混合するRe粉末は、最大粒径が10μm未満、さらに5μm未満、のものが好ましい。また、平均粒径が5μm未満、さらに2.5μm未満のものが好ましい。Re粉末の最大粒径もしくは平均粒径がこれ以外であると、粗大なσ相が生成しやすく、Wマトリックスへの与える影響が無視できなくなる。
【0021】
次に、このタングステン−レニウム合金粉末と不足分のレニウム粉末とからなる混合粉末を、金型に入れてプレス成形を行う。この時のプレス圧力は、100MPa以上が好ましい。そして、この成形体を、水素雰囲気下、またはアルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気下、もしくは真空中で加熱して焼結させる。この時の加熱温度は2125℃以上2825℃未満が好ましい。この温度が2125℃未満であると、焼結による緻密化が十分に進まない。また、2825℃以上であると、Reの拡散固溶が必要以上に進み、冷却後に生成するσ相が粗大になり易くなる。
【0022】
尚、ここで使用する焼結炉のヒータ、炉壁等の炉内構成材料は、炭素以外の材料を用いることが肝要である。これは、本処理温度領域下でタングステンが炭素を吸収して脆化してしまうためである。
【0023】
また、前述した成形および焼結を、水素雰囲気下、またはアルゴン等の不活性ガス雰囲気下、もしくは真空中でホットプレスにより同時に行っても良い。この時のプレス圧力は100MPa以上、加熱温度は1700℃以上2825℃未満が好ましい。このホットプレス法は、比較的低い温度でも緻密な焼結体を得られることから、Reの必要以上の拡散固溶を抑制できる点で最適な方法のひとつである。そして作製したW−Re焼結体を、最終の製品サイズまで細線加工することができる。本発明では、直径1mm以下、さらには0.3mm以下のタングステン−レニウム材を好ましいものとして挙げることができる。
【0024】
以上、ここまではRe量が18wt%を超えたW−Re材の製造方法であるが、Re量が18wt%以下のW−Re材を作製する場合は、W粉末とRe粉末を混合して製造してもよいし、前述のW−Re合金粉末に不足分のW粉末を混合して作製してもよい。
【0025】
本発明によるW−Re材の製造方法の発明は上記のものである。このような本発明は、材料構成成分粉末の混合、これに続く混合粉末の圧縮、圧粉体(成形体)の焼結という粉末冶金法に従うW−Re材の製造技術に関するものであり、焼結体の鍛造、伸線加工という一連の工程を経て所望のW−Re線材を製造するものである。よって、上記で具体的に記述された以外の事項は、本発明の目的、効果が得られる範囲内で、従来のこの種のW−Re材の製造において採用されてきた各条件をそのままあるいは必要な改変を加えたうえで、採用することができる。
【0026】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の具体的な実施例、および評価方法とその結果について述べる。
【0027】
実施例1
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが18wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−18wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径8.5μm、平均粒径3.8μmのRe粉末とを混合後のReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そして、この成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結して、直径30mmのW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0028】
実施例2
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが18wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−18wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径3.5μm、平均粒径1.1μmのRe粉末とを混合後のReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そして、この成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結して、直径30mmの棒状のW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0029】
実施例3
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが18wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−18wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径3.5μm、平均粒径1.1μmのRe粉末とを混合後のReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを型に入れて真空中2000℃、プレス圧力350MPaでホットプレスして、直径30mmの棒状のW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0030】
実施例4
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが4wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−4wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径3.5μm、平均粒径1.1μmのRe粉末とを混合後のReが19wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そして、この成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結して、直径30mmの棒状のW−19wt%Re材を作製した。
【0031】
実施例5
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが18wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−18wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径3.5μm、平均粒径1.1μmのRe粉末とを混合後のReが35wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そして、この成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結して、直径30mmの棒状のW−35wt%Re材を作製した。
【0032】
比較例1
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そしてこの成形体を水素雰囲気下3000℃で焼結して、直径30mmの棒状のW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0033】
比較例2
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そしてこの成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結し、直径30mmの棒状のW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0034】
比較例3
W粉末とRe粉末とをReが18wt%になるような比率で混合し、水素雰囲気下2600℃で焼成した。そしてこれを機械的に粉砕して、W−18wt%Re合金粉末を得た。これと最大粒径55μm、平均粒径20μmのRe粉末(本発明の好ましい範囲より大きいRe粉末)とを混合後のReが25wt%になるような比率で混合し、これを金型に入れて100MPaの圧力でプレス成形した。そして、この成形体を水素雰囲気下2400℃で焼結して、直径30mmの棒状のW−25wt%Re材を作製した。
【0035】
W−Re材の評価
上記のようにして作製した各W−Re材の断面を画像解析し、σ相の偏析相の粒度分布を測定した。σ相の偏析相の分析においては任意の断面において単位面積100μm×100μmを任意に3ヶ所選びオージェ分光分析し、そこに存在しているσ相の偏析相の最も長い対角線を最大粒径としその中で一番大きな最大粒径を「最大粒径」として表1に示す。また、前述の方法から「短径」を求め平均粒径とした。この平均粒径は単位面積3ヶ所に映し出されたσ相の偏析相の平均粒径を平均した値で表1に「平均粒径」として示した。
【0036】
そして、各W−Re材を直径0.3mm、直径0.1mm、直径0.02mmまで順次、細線加工(伸線加工)した。各加工段階で断線の発生する確率を測定した。その結果を下表に示す。
【0037】
【表1】
表1から分かる通り、本実施例に係るW−Re線材(ワイヤー)は断線の発生率が低くなっていることが判明した。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によるタングステン−レニウム材は、伸線加工時に断線が生じ難くなって製造歩留まりが大幅に向上したものである。よって、本発明によるタングステン−レニウム材は、各種の線材、例えばブラウン管用カソードヒーター、耐振用管球フィラメントあるいは電気特性検査用プローブピン等、を製造していくうえで、歩留まり向上に大きく寄与するものである。
【0039】
そして、本発明のタングステン−レニウム材の製造方法によれば、前述したような特性を有する材料を再現性よく得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tungsten-rhenium material (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a W-Re material) and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The W-Re material is applied to various uses. For example, the wire material of W-Re material has been conventionally used for cathode heaters for cathode ray tubes, filaments for tube bulbs, probe pins for electrical property inspection, and the like. As such a W-Re material, a material in which the rhenium content (content) is adjusted to 20 to 30 wt% in order to obtain a desired electric resistance value is generally used. A powder metallurgy method comprising mixing tungsten (hereinafter sometimes referred to as W) powder and rhenium (hereinafter sometimes referred to as Re) powder, and molding and sintering the powder is employed (for example, special (Kaihei 10-221366). Such a W-Re material is finally drawn to a product size and processed into, for example, a cathode heater for a cathode ray tube, a filament for a bulb, a probe pin, and the like.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the Re composition ratio of the W-Re material is 18 wt% or more, it becomes impossible to completely dissolve Re in the W matrix at room temperature in terms of chemical equilibrium. A phase region having a locally high composition ratio (that is, a segregation phase) may be generated (see the W-Re phase diagram). This phase is generally called σ (sigma) phase, but if such a segregated phase of σ phase is present in the sintered W-Re material, disconnection occurs during wire drawing. The manufacturing yield may be greatly deteriorated because of facilitation.
[0004]
As a solution to this problem, the W-Re material is super-cooled from a completely solid solution state of W and Re at a high temperature to suppress the formation of the σ phase, and in a non-equilibrium state at room temperature. A method of manufacturing the material is conceivable. However, in the case of a rod-shaped sintered body used in the wire drawing process, it is difficult to perform ultra-rapid cooling evenly over the entire sintered body unlike a thin strip or powder, and actual production is very difficult.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in consideration of these problems. In particular, the present invention provides an optimum W-Re material for manufacturing, for example, cathode heaters for cathode ray tubes, tube filaments, and probe pins. It is the purpose.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problem, the present inventors pay attention to the size of the generation region of the σ phase unavoidably present at room temperature inside the W-Re material having an Re amount (content) of 18 wt% or more. did. And even if the σ phase is generated by Re that cannot be dissolved in chemical equilibrium, it is not partially segregated in a specific region, but the existing region is refined to a predetermined size or less and dispersed widely As a result, it has been found that the influence on the entire W matrix can be suppressed to a level where there is substantially no problem in use.
[0007]
Therefore, the tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention is characterized in that the maximum particle size of the segregated phase of σ phase composed of tungsten and rhenium is 10 μm or less.
[0008]
Further, in the above-described method for producing a tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention, a tungsten-rhenium alloy powder having a rhenium content of 18 wt% or less is produced and desired in the step of producing a tungsten-rhenium material by powder metallurgy. It is characterized by mixing a deficiency of rhenium with respect to the composition.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention is characterized in that the maximum particle size of the segregated phase of σ phase composed of tungsten and rhenium is 10 μm or less, preferably 5 μm or less. Here, “the segregated phase of σ phase composed of tungsten and rhenium” means that the σ phase is substantially composed only of tungsten and rhenium, and “σ phase” means the amount of rhenium. Shows a phase consisting of 43.5 to 65 wt% and the balance tungsten. Further, the σ phase becomes a rhenium-enriched phase (rhenium-enriched region) showing a rhenium content higher than the rhenium content (total Re content) in the tungsten-rhenium material. A region where such a rhenium-enriched phase is present in the tungsten-rhenium material is referred to as a “sigma phase segregation phase”.
[0010]
The tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention is characterized in that the average particle size of the segregated phase of the σ phase is 5 μm or less, preferably 2.5 μm or less.
[0011]
Here, “maximum particle diameter” or “average particle diameter” means “particle diameter” means that the cross section of the W-Re material is analyzed two-dimensionally (photographed in a cross-sectional photograph), and each generation region of the σ phase The longest diagonal of the shape is the "maximum particle size", the diagonal extending vertically from the center of the maximum particle size is the short diameter, and the value obtained by adding the maximum particle size and the short diameter and dividing by 2 is the "average particle size" And When the maximum particle size of the segregation phase of the σ phase is larger than 10 μm or when the average particle size is larger than 5 μm, the influence on the W matrix cannot be ignored. In particular, when processing into a fine wire having a diameter of 1 mm or less, if these coarse σ phases are generated, disconnection is very likely to occur. The region of “sigma phase segregation phase” can be easily discriminated because, for example, in the Auger analysis image, the amount of rhenium is higher than the total amount of rhenium, so that different colors can be displayed.
[0012]
The W-Re material according to the present invention can obtain a remarkable effect when the Re content is preferably 0.1 to 40 wt%, particularly preferably 18 to 40 wt%. Here, the rhenium content (content) in the W-Re material is
[Re / (W + Re)] x 100%
It can be calculated from the following formula.
[0013]
In addition, the W-Re material according to the present invention can contain 30 to 150 ppm of at least one dopant of potassium (K), aluminum (Al), and silicon (Si) as necessary.
[0014]
On the other hand, in the above-described method for producing a tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention, a tungsten-rhenium alloy powder having a rhenium content of 18 wt% or less is produced and desired in the step of producing a tungsten-rhenium material by powder metallurgy. It is characterized by using a mixed powder in which rhenium that is insufficient for the composition is mixed.
[0015]
Here, the tungsten-rhenium alloy powder is preferably prepared by mixing tungsten powder and rhenium powder, heat-treating the tungsten-rhenium alloy powder at a temperature higher than that at which rhenium is dissolved in the tungsten matrix, and further pulverizing it. be able to. The W powder used in this case preferably has a maximum particle size of less than 150 μm, more preferably less than 100 μm, and an average particle size of less than 50 μm, more preferably less than 30 μm. The Re powder preferably has a maximum particle size of less than 100 μm and more preferably less than 50 μm, and an average particle size of less than 30 μm and more preferably less than 20 μm. The mixing of the W powder and the Re powder can be performed in a substantially dry state or in a slurry state. Examples of suitable slurry media include water and alcohol solvents.
[0016]
The heat treatment performed when producing the tungsten-rhenium alloy powder is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature at which Re is dissolved in the W matrix with respect to the mixture of the W powder and the Re powder. By this heat treatment, the W powder and the Re powder are metallized to form a W-Re alloy in which Re is dissolved in the W matrix. Since this W—Re alloy has a Re content of 18 wt% or less, the substantial amount of Re is a solid solution in the W matrix without substantially forming a segregated phase of σ phase.
[0017]
The heat treatment temperature is preferably 2100 ° C. or higher, particularly 2125 ° C. or higher when forming a W—Re alloy by firing. The upper limit of the heat treatment temperature is 3400 ° C. (W melting point 3422 ° C. or less). The heat treatment by firing is preferably performed in a reducing atmosphere or an inert atmosphere, preferably in a hydrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or in a vacuum.
[0018]
Further, the heat treatment temperature when forming the W—Re alloy by the melting method is preferably 2900 ° C. or higher, particularly 3150 ° C. or higher. The upper limit of the heat treatment temperature is 3700 ° C. This heat treatment is preferably performed in a vacuum.
[0019]
After cooling the W-Re alloy formed as described above, the W-Re alloy powder used in the present invention can be produced by pulverizing by a conventional method. The W-Re alloy powder used in the present invention preferably has a maximum particle size of less than 200 μm, more preferably less than 150 μm, and an average particle size of less than 80 μm, and further less than 50 μm. If the maximum particle size or the average particle size is out of the above range, there may be a problem in that the formability is lowered during press molding as a subsequent process, and defects such as cracks, cracks, and cracks are likely to occur.
[0020]
Next, in the present invention, the W-Re alloy powder is mixed with an insufficient amount of Re powder with respect to the desired composition. The mixing method is not particularly limited, but the method of mixing both powders (ie, W-Re alloy powder and deficient Re powder) in a slurry using water or an alcohol-based solution is dispersible. Is particularly preferable because a good powder can be obtained. The Re powder mixed as the deficient rhenium preferably has a maximum particle size of less than 10 μm, more preferably less than 5 μm. Moreover, the thing with an average particle diameter of less than 5 micrometers, and also less than 2.5 micrometers is preferable. When the maximum particle size or average particle size of the Re powder is other than this, a coarse σ phase is easily generated, and the influence on the W matrix cannot be ignored.
[0021]
Next, the mixed powder composed of the tungsten-rhenium alloy powder and the insufficient rhenium powder is put into a mold and press-molded. The pressing pressure at this time is preferably 100 MPa or more. Then, the compact is sintered by heating in a hydrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or in vacuum. The heating temperature at this time is preferably 2125 ° C. or higher and lower than 2825 ° C. When this temperature is lower than 2125 ° C., densification by sintering does not proceed sufficiently. Further, when the temperature is 2825 ° C. or higher, the diffusion and solid solution of Re proceeds more than necessary, and the σ phase generated after cooling tends to become coarse.
[0022]
In addition, it is important to use materials other than carbon as in-furnace constituent materials such as a heater and a furnace wall of the sintering furnace used here. This is because tungsten absorbs carbon and becomes brittle under the processing temperature range.
[0023]
Further, the above-described molding and sintering may be simultaneously performed by hot pressing in a hydrogen atmosphere, an inert gas atmosphere such as argon, or in a vacuum. At this time, the pressing pressure is preferably 100 MPa or more, and the heating temperature is preferably 1700 ° C. or more and less than 2825 ° C. This hot pressing method is one of the optimum methods in that a dense sintered body can be obtained even at a relatively low temperature, so that it is possible to suppress the diffusion and solid solution of Re more than necessary. And the produced W-Re sintered compact can be thin-wire processed to the final product size. In the present invention, a tungsten-rhenium material having a diameter of 1 mm or less, and further 0.3 mm or less can be mentioned as a preferable one.
[0024]
Up to this point, the method for producing a W-Re material having an amount of Re exceeding 18 wt% has been described, but when producing a W-Re material having an amount of Re of 18 wt% or less, W powder and Re powder are mixed. The W-Re alloy powder described above may be produced by mixing the insufficient W powder.
[0025]
The invention of the method for producing the W-Re material according to the present invention is as described above. The present invention relates to a technique for producing a W-Re material in accordance with a powder metallurgy method of mixing material constituent powder, subsequent compression of the mixed powder, and sintering of the green compact (molded body). A desired W-Re wire is manufactured through a series of steps of forging and wire drawing of a bonded body. Therefore, the matters other than those specifically described above are the same as or necessary for each condition employed in the production of the conventional W-Re material of this type as long as the object and effect of the present invention are obtained. It can be adopted after making various modifications.
[0026]
【Example】
Next, specific examples of the present invention, evaluation methods, and results will be described.
[0027]
Example 1
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 18 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. And this was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-18 wt% Re alloy powder. This was mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 8.5 μm and an average particle size of 3.8 μm at a ratio such that Re after mixing was 25 wt%, and this was put into a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. . The compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0028]
Example 2
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 18 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. And this was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-18 wt% Re alloy powder. This was mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 3.5 μm and an average particle size of 1.1 μm at a ratio such that the Re after mixing was 25 wt%, and this was placed in a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. . The compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0029]
Example 3
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 18 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. And this was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-18 wt% Re alloy powder. This is mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 3.5 μm and an average particle size of 1.1 μm in such a ratio that the Re after mixing is 25 wt%, and this is put in a mold and is placed in a vacuum at 2000 ° C. and a press pressure of 350 MPa. Was hot pressed to produce a rod-shaped W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0030]
Example 4
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 4 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. This was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-4 wt% Re alloy powder. This was mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 3.5 μm and an average particle size of 1.1 μm at a ratio such that Re after mixing was 19 wt%, and this was placed in a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. . The compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-19 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0031]
Example 5
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 18 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. And this was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-18 wt% Re alloy powder. This was mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 3.5 μm and an average particle size of 1.1 μm at a ratio such that Re after mixing was 35 wt%, and this was put into a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. . Then, the compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-35 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0032]
Comparative Example 1
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 25 wt%, and this was put into a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. The compact was sintered at 3000 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0033]
Comparative Example 2
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 25 wt%, and this was put into a mold and press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa. The compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0034]
Comparative Example 3
W powder and Re powder were mixed at a ratio such that Re was 18 wt%, and fired at 2600 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere. And this was mechanically pulverized to obtain a W-18 wt% Re alloy powder. This was mixed with Re powder having a maximum particle size of 55 μm and an average particle size of 20 μm (Re powder larger than the preferred range of the present invention) at a ratio such that Re after mixing was 25 wt%, and this was put into a mold. Press molding was performed at a pressure of 100 MPa. The compact was sintered at 2400 ° C. in a hydrogen atmosphere to produce a rod-shaped W-25 wt% Re material having a diameter of 30 mm.
[0035]
Evaluation of W-Re material The cross-section of each W-Re material produced as described above was subjected to image analysis, and the particle size distribution of the segregated phase of the σ phase was measured. In the analysis of the segregation phase of the σ phase, Auger spectroscopic analysis is performed by arbitrarily selecting three unit areas of 100 μm × 100 μm in an arbitrary cross section, and the longest diagonal line of the segregation phase of the σ phase is set as the maximum particle size. The largest maximum particle size among them is shown in Table 1 as “maximum particle size”. In addition, the “minor axis” was obtained from the above-mentioned method and used as the average particle diameter. This average particle diameter is a value obtained by averaging the average particle diameters of the segregated phases of the σ phase projected in three unit areas and is shown as “average particle diameter” in Table 1.
[0036]
Each W-Re material was successively subjected to fine wire processing (drawing processing) to a diameter of 0.3 mm, a diameter of 0.1 mm, and a diameter of 0.02 mm. The probability of occurrence of disconnection at each processing stage was measured. The results are shown in the table below.
[0037]
[Table 1]
As can be seen from Table 1, it was found that the W-Re wire (wire) according to this example has a low occurrence rate of disconnection.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention is less prone to disconnection during wire drawing and greatly improves the production yield. Therefore, the tungsten-rhenium material according to the present invention greatly contributes to the improvement of yield in manufacturing various wire materials such as cathode heaters for cathode ray tubes, tube filaments for vibration resistance or probe pins for electrical property inspection. It is.
[0039]
And according to the manufacturing method of the tungsten-rhenium material of this invention, the material which has the above characteristics can be obtained with sufficient reproducibility.
Claims (9)
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| WO2022176766A1 (en) | 2021-02-17 | 2022-08-25 | 株式会社 東芝 | Tungsten wire, tungsten wire processing method using same, and electrolysis wire |
| US12606890B2 (en) | 2021-02-17 | 2026-04-21 | Niterra Materials Co., Ltd. | Tungsten wire, tungsten wire processing method using the same, and electrolyzed wire |
| WO2022191026A1 (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2022-09-15 | 株式会社 東芝 | Rhenium tungsten wire rod and thermocouple using this |
| US12376492B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 | 2025-07-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Rhenium-tungsten wire rod and thermocouple using the same |
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