JP4262806B2 - Non-magnetic metal sorter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus for separating and recovering a conductive nonmagnetic metal such as aluminum or copper from a processed material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various types of non-magnetic metal sorting devices are known, but the most commonly used type is a circuit between an outer drum formed of a non-metal material and one or more pulleys. The conveyor belt is stretched so as to move, and an inner drum formed of a magnetic material is rotatably disposed inside the outer drum, and the angular velocity is higher than the angular velocity of the outer drum in the same direction as the outer drum. Rotating drum type non-magnetic metal in which the inner drum is rotationally driven, and N magnets with N poles oriented in the normal direction of the inner drum and S magnets oriented with S poles are alternately fixed in the circumferential direction on the outer surface of the inner drum There is a sorting device.
[0003]
Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-60985 discloses an eccentric type configuration in which the axis of the inner drum is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the outer drum in this rotary drum type sorting device. . That is, the publication discloses a non-magnetic metal sorting device in which the axis of the inner drum is eccentrically arranged in the range of 0 ° to + 90 ° with respect to the axis of the outer drum.
However, here, the 0 ° direction refers to a perpendicular direction that is lowered on the conveyor belt of the outer drum radius that enters the outer drum, the positive direction refers to the rotational direction of the outer drum, and the negative direction refers to the negative direction. The direction of rotation of the outer drum is the opposite direction.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the technique disclosed in the above Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-60985, in order to improve the selection efficiency between the conductive nonmagnetic metal and the nonconductive nonmagnetic material, the shaft core of the inner drum is set to 0 ° to + 90 °. Although it is eccentric in the range, according to the study by the present inventor, the target sorting efficiency has not necessarily been improved.
Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide an eccentric type rotary drum type nonmagnetic metal sorting device capable of improving the sorting efficiency between a conductive nonmagnetic metal and a nonconductive nonmagnetic material.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of repeated studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor aims to improve the target sorting efficiency even when the axis of the inner drum is decentered in the positive direction from 0 ° as described above. On the contrary, it was found that the sorting efficiency is improved by decentering the axis of the inner drum in the negative direction from 0 °, and the present invention has been completed.
That is, the present invention is a nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus characterized in that the inner drum has an axial center located between 0 ° and −45 °. At that time, the shaft core of the inner drum can be fixedly disposed within the above-mentioned angle range, or can be disposed so as to be adjustable within the above-mentioned angle range.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1-3 show a first embodiment of a nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, an outer drum 1 made of a nonmetallic material, a drive pulley 2, and an auxiliary pulley 2 a are rotatably installed in the box 10. A conveyor belt 3 formed in an endless shape is wound around these outer drum 1, drive pulley 2, and auxiliary pulley 2a so as to be freely rotatable. The drive pulley 2 is rotationally driven by the conveyor belt drive motor 4 via the chain 4a, and therefore the outer drum 1 rotates clockwise in FIG.
[0007]
The portion of the conveyor belt 3 from the drive pulley 2 to the outer drum 1 is arranged to be substantially horizontal. In the horizontal portion of the conveyor belt 3, the box body 10 above the portion on the drive pulley 2 side is formed with an insertion port 11 through which the workpiece 30 is introduced. The object to be processed 30 thus thrown in from the insertion port 11 falls onto the conveying belt 3 and is conveyed toward the outer drum 1, and while the conveying belt 3 rotates around the outer drum 1, Fall to the bottom. In this falling part, two partition plates 12 and 13 are erected, and by the two partition plates, a first region 14 near the conveyor belt and a second region 15 between the two partition plates , And is partitioned into a third region 16 far from the conveyor belt. Each of the partition plates 12 and 13 is formed to be adjustable in angle.
[0008]
On the other hand, an inner drum 5 formed of a magnetic material is eccentrically disposed in the outer drum 1 so as to be rotatable. The inner drum 5 is rotationally driven by an inner drum drive motor 6 via a V belt 6a. The rotation direction of the inner drum 5 is the same as that of the outer drum, that is, the inner drum 5 is driven to rotate clockwise in FIG. The angular velocity of the inner drum 5 is much faster than the angular velocity of the outer drum 1.
[0009]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the outer drum 1 and the inner drum 5 in the axial direction. Side plates 1a and 1a are fixed to both ends of the outer drum 1 in the axial direction, and outer rotation shafts 1b and 1b are fixed to the center of both side plates 1a and 1a, respectively. The central portions of the outer rotating shafts 1b and 1b are hollow, and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c are disposed therein, respectively. Bearings 1d and 1d are interposed between the outer rotating shafts 1b and 1b and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c, respectively. Thus, the outer rotating shafts 1b and 1b and the outer drum 1 formed integrally therewith are provided. It is supported rotatably. The outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c are fixed on the gantry 20, and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c are eccentrically provided with through holes, respectively.
[0010]
On the other hand, side plates 5a and 5a are fixed to both ends of the inner drum 5 in the axial direction, and inner rotary shafts 5b and 5b are fixed to the center of the side plates 5a and 5a, respectively. The right inner rotary shaft 5b in FIG. 2 passes through the through hole of the right outer fixed shaft 1c, and is rotatably supported by a bearing 5d fixed on the gantry 20 at the right end. On the other hand, the left inner rotary shaft 5b in FIG. 2 passes through the through hole of the left outer fixed shaft 1c and is rotatably supported by a bearing 5d fixed on the gantry. Further, a belt wheel 5c is fixed to the left end of the left inner rotating shaft 5b, and a V-belt 6a is wound around the belt wheel 5c.
[0011]
FIG. 3 is a sectional view in the diameter direction of the outer drum and the inner drum, and FIG. 2 described above is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer surface of the inner drum 5 is magnetized in the normal direction of the inner drum 5, and is similarly large as an N magnet 7 </ b> N having an N pole on the large diameter side and an S pole on the small diameter side. S magnets 7S having S poles on the diameter side and N poles on the small diameter side are fixed alternately in the circumferential direction.
Further, the axis (rotation center) z of the inner drum 5 is eccentric by a distance d with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1, and the direction of eccentricity is in the range of 0 ° to −45 °. However, with respect to the direction of eccentricity, the perpendicular direction dropped from the axis Z of the outer drum 1 to the conveyor belt 3 in the portion entering the outer drum 1 is 0 °, and the rotation direction of the outer drum 1, that is, the clock in FIG. The direction is positive.
[0012]
The present embodiment is configured as described above. The workpiece 30 input from the input port 11 falls on the transport belt 3 and is transported toward the outer drum 1, and the transport belt 3 is connected to the outer drum 1. While rotating around, it falls to the bottom of the box 10. However, since the inner drum 5 having magnets 7N and 7S fixed to the outer surface is installed inside the outer drum 1, and the inner drum rotates at a high speed, an alternating magnetic field passes through the workpiece 30. Will be.
As a result, the magnetically processed product 31 in the object to be processed is attracted by the magnets 7N and 7S, so that it is in close contact with the surface of the transport belt 3 and rotates around the outer drum 1, and is provided on the transport belt 3. The horizontal beam (not shown) weakens the action of the magnets 7N and 7S due to the magnetic field, and falls to a region where the action of gravity is better. Therefore, the magnetically processed product 31 falls into the first region 14.
[0013]
On the other hand, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 in the object to be processed is not attracted to the magnets 7N and 7S, but an eddy current is generated in the inside by passing the alternating magnetic field, and the alternating magnetic field is caused by the eddy current. Form. The direction of the eddy current induced inside the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 is a direction in which the alternating magnetic field formed by the eddy current cancels the original alternating magnetic field, so that it is newly induced with the original alternating magnetic field. Repels the alternating magnetic field. As a result, the non-magnetic conductive product 33 has a direction intermediate between the direction away from the original alternating magnetic field (radial direction of the inner drum 5) and the direction in which the original alternating magnetic field travels (tangential direction of the inner drum 5). To be skipped. Therefore, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 falls into the third region 16.
[0014]
Further, the non-conductive non-magnetic treatment object 32 in the object to be treated is not attracted to the magnets 7N and 7S, and eddy currents are not generated in the magnets 7N and 7S. Fall to 15.
In this way, the entire object to be processed 30 can be sorted into the magnetically processed object 31, the nonconductive nonmagnetic processed object 32, and the conductive nonmagnetic processed object 33. In order to increase the sorting efficiency, it is preferable that a magnetic separator (not shown) is placed in front of the apparatus and the magnetic processed product 31 is excluded in advance.
[0015]
In the present embodiment, the axial center z of the inner drum 5 is eccentrically arranged in the direction of 0 ° to −45 ° with respect to the axial center Z of the outer drum 1. The effect will be described with reference to FIGS. Both figures schematically illustrate the movement of the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 when the eccentric amount θ of the shaft core z of the inner drum 5 is kept constant and the eccentric direction θ is changed with respect to the shaft core Z of the outer drum 1. 4A is θ = + 45 °, FIG. 4B is θ = 0 °, FIG. 5A is θ = −45 °, and FIG. 4B is θ = −. It represents a 90 ° state.
[0016]
First, in any state, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 is conveyed to the right in the figure by the conveying belt 3, and therefore, when the speed of the conveying belt 3 is v _B , the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 is processed. 33 also moves to the right at a speed v _B.
The conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 receives a repulsive force due to the alternating magnetic field formed by the magnets 7N and 7S, and moves away from the alternating magnetic field (radial direction of the inner drum 5) and a direction in which the alternating magnetic field advances (inner drum). 5 at the initial speed v _M. Therefore, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 jumps out of the conveyor belt 3 at a combined speed v _{T obtained} by adding the initial speed v _B by the conveyor belt and the initial speed v _M by the alternating magnetic field in vector.
[0017]
Here, in the case shown in FIG. 4A, since the direction of eccentricity is in the direction of θ = + 45 °, the initial velocity v _M due to the alternating magnetic field is substantially horizontal. Therefore, since the combined speed v _T is also substantially horizontal, the falling point does not reach too far.
Next, in the case shown in FIG. 4B, since the direction of eccentricity is in the direction of θ = 0 °, the magnets 7N and 7S are located closest to the conveying belt 3, and therefore the strongest repulsive force is made conductive. It can give to the nonmagnetic processed material 33. However, the position where the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 receives the repulsive force and moves away from the conveying belt 3 is the direction from the eccentric direction θ = 0 ° to the + and the inner side due to the interaction with the speed v _B of the conveying belt 3. Since the drum 5 receives the repulsive force in the horizontal direction preferentially, the maximum repulsive force cannot be enjoyed. Therefore, the magnitude of the initial velocity v _M caused by the alternating magnetic field is not much different from that in the case of FIG. 4A, and only the direction of the initial velocity v _M is slightly upward from the case of FIG. Become. As a result, the magnitude of the combined speed v _T is slightly smaller than in the case of FIG. 4A, but the direction of the combined speed v _T is higher than in the case of FIG. Is farther than in the case of FIG.
[0018]
On the other hand, in the case shown in FIG. 5A, since the direction of eccentricity is in the direction of θ = −45 °, the magnitude of the initial velocity v _M caused by the alternating magnetic field is the same as that shown in FIG. There is not much difference from the case of B), and only the direction of the initial speed v _M is further upward than the case of FIG. As a result, the magnitude of the combined speed v _T is smaller than in the case of FIG. 4B, but the direction of the combined speed v _T is further upward than in the case of FIG. Is equivalent to the case of FIG.
[0019]
Finally, in the case shown in FIG. 5B, since the direction of eccentricity is in the direction of θ = −90 °, the magnets 7N and 7S are located away from the transport belt 3, and therefore, the conductive non-magnetic treatment is performed. The repulsive force received by the object 33 is also reduced. Therefore, although the direction of the initial velocity v _M due to the alternating magnetic field is further upward than in the case of FIG. 5 (A), the magnitude of the initial velocity v _M is shown in FIGS. 4 (A) and 4 (B). It becomes smaller than the case of FIG. As a result, the direction of the combined speed v _T is further upward than in the case of FIG. 5A, but the magnitude of the combined speed v _T is as shown in FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 5A. ) Is considerably smaller than in the case of (), so that the falling point does not reach farther than in the case of FIG.
[0020]
As described above, the falling point becomes farther from θ = + 45 ° to θ = 0 °, and when θ = −45 °, it is equivalent to the case of θ = 0 °, and θ = −45 ° to θ = −90 °. As it becomes, the fall point becomes closer. Therefore, it can be seen that the most distant point is in the range of 0 °>θ> −45 °. In this embodiment, the shaft core z of the inner drum 5 is arranged eccentrically with respect to the shaft core Z of the outer drum 1 in the direction of 0 ° to −45 °. 33 can be moved farthest away, and the non-conductive non-magnetic processed product 32 and the conductive non-magnetic processed product 33 can be most reliably selected.
[0021]
Next, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus according to the present invention, wherein the eccentric direction θ of the axis z of the inner drum 5 with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1 is 0 °>θ> −45 °. It is formed so that it can be changed within the range. The eccentric amount d of the axis z of the inner drum 5 with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1 is preferably maximized as long as the magnets 7N and 7S do not interfere with the inner surface of the outer drum 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the eccentricity d is constant.
The inner rotating shafts 5b and 5b of the inner drum 5 are rotatably supported by bearings 5d and 5d. However, in this embodiment, the bearings 5d and 5d are not fixed on the gantry 20, and will be described below. Supported by the structure to be. However, since the support structures of both bearings 5d and 5d are the same, only one support structure will be described.
[0022]
A front plate 21a and a rear plate 21b are fixed on the gantry 20, and a lower right shaft 22a and a lower left shaft 22b extending in a direction parallel to the inner rotary shaft 5b pass between the plates 21a and 21b. Yes. The lower ends of the right front link 23a, the right rear link 23b, the left front link 23c, and the left rear link 23d are rotatably attached to the lower shafts 22a and 22b. The upper right shaft 24a passes through the upper ends of the right front link 23a and the right rear link 23b. Similarly, the upper left shaft 24b passes through the upper ends of the left front link 23c and the left rear link 23d. Both the upper shafts 24 a and 24 b penetrate the front plate portion and the rear plate portion that are suspended from the slide plate 25. A bearing 5d that supports the inner rotating shaft 5b is fixed on the slide plate 25. The four shafts 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b are arranged so as to form a parallelogram, and the distance between the upper and lower shafts is formed so as to coincide with the eccentricity d.
[0023]
A coil spring 26 is interposed between the front portion of the slide plate 25 and the gantry 20. When the links 23a to 23d are in an upright state, gravity acting on the bearing 5d is supported by the slide plate 25, the links 23a to 23d, and the front and rear plates 21a and 21b. Therefore, the length of the coil spring 26 when each of the links 23a to 23d is upright is its natural length.
When each link 23a-23d falls in the minus direction (counterclockwise in FIG. 6B), the coil spring 26 is compressed. As for the spring constant of the coil spring, when each link 23a-23d falls to θ = −45 °, the lateral component of gravity acting on the slide plate 25 is supported by the elastic force of the coil spring. Is set to be.
[0024]
A lever 27 extending to the right is fixed to the right front link 23a of the four links, and a key hole is formed in the right end portion of the lever 27. The key hole of the lever 27 rotates around the lower right shaft 22a as each link falls in the minus direction. A fastening plate 28 is provided along the position where the key hole rotates, and 10 key holes are formed on the fastening plate 28 every 5 ° from θ = 0 ° to −45 °. Has been. A key 29 is inserted between the key hole of the lever 27 and any one key hole of the retaining plate 28, and thus the slide plate 25 is fixed in that state.
[0025]
As described above, in this embodiment, a parallelogram is formed by the four shafts 22a, 22b, 24a, and 24b, and the distance between the upper and lower shafts is formed to coincide with the eccentricity d. Therefore, the slide plate 25 can rotate at the radius d, and the axis z of the inner drum 5 can also rotate at the radius d.
Further, the coil spring 26 achieves a gravity balance in the state of θ = 0 ° and the state of θ = −45 °. Strictly speaking, the gravity balance is not established in the state between 0 ° and −45 °, but the balance is slightly lost. Therefore, by manipulating the lever 27 by human power, any position from the state of θ = 0 ° shown in FIG. 4B to the state of θ = −45 ° shown in FIG. The axial center z of the inner drum 5 can be maintained. Therefore, according to the mode of the object to be processed 30, it is possible to easily adjust the eccentric direction θ so that the conductive nonmagnetic processed object 33 can be selected most efficiently.
[0026]
In the state where the angle is tilted to θ = −45 °, the front plate portion and the rear plate portion suspended from the slide plate 25 just hit the upper surfaces of the front plate 21a and the rear plate 21b, and therefore the front and rear plates 21a, 21b. The upper surface of this serves as a stopper so as not to exceed θ = −45 °. Similarly, it is easy to provide a stopper so as not to exceed θ = 0 °.
In the above description, the case where the four links 23a to 23d are used has been described for the sake of simplicity. However, the right front link 23a and the right rear link 23b are preferably formed integrally, and similarly, the left front link 23c. And the left rear link 23d are also preferably formed integrally.
In this embodiment, the eccentric amount d is constant, but the eccentric amount d may be variable.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the shaft axis of the inner drum is fixed and disposed within the angle range of 0 ° to −45 °, or is disposed so as to be adjustable within the angle range. The non-magnetic treated product and the non-conductive non-magnetic treated product can be reliably sorted, and the sorting efficiency can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an inner drum and an outer drum in the first embodiment. FIG. 3 shows an inner drum and an outer drum in the first embodiment. Cross-sectional view [Fig. 4] Explanatory diagram showing sorting efficiency when the eccentric direction is (A) + 45 ° and (B) 0 °. [Fig. 5] The eccentric direction is (A) -45 ° and (B)-. Explanatory drawing showing sorting efficiency at 90 ° [FIG. 6] (A) Front view and (B) Side view showing a bearing support structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer drum 1a ... Side plate 1b ... Outer rotating shaft 1c ... Outer fixed shaft 1d ... Bearing 2 ... Drive pulley 2a ... Auxiliary pulley 3 ... Conveyor belt 4 ... Conveyor belt drive motor 4a ... Chain 5 ... Inner drum 5a ... Side plate 5b ... Inner rotating shaft 5c ... belt wheel 5d ... bearing 6 ... inner drum drive motor 6a ... V belt 7N, 7S ... magnet 10 ... box 11 ... inlet 12, 13 ... partition plate 14 ... first region 15 ... second region 16 ... 3rd area 20 ... Stand 21a, 21b ... Plate 22a, 22b ... Lower shaft 23a-23d ... Link 24a, 24b ... Upper shaft 25 ... Slide plate 26 ... Coil spring 27 ... Lever 28 ... Fastening plate 29 ... Key 30 ... Covered Processed product 31 ... Magnetic processed product 32 ... Non-conductive non-magnetic processed product 33 ... Conductive non-magnetic processed product Z ... Shaft core of outer drum z ... Shaft core of inner drum d ... Eccentricity ... eccentric direction

Claims (2)

A conveyor belt is stretched between the outer drum formed of a non-metallic material and one or a plurality of pulleys, and the inner drum formed of a magnetic material is eccentric inside the outer drum. The inner drum is rotationally driven in the same direction as the rotation direction of the outer drum and at an angular velocity faster than the angular velocity of the outer drum, and the north pole is directed to the outer surface of the inner drum in the normal direction of the inner drum. In a nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus in which N magnets and S magnets facing S poles are alternately fixed in the circumferential direction, the perpendicular direction in which the axis of the inner drum is lowered onto the conveyor belt in the portion entering the outer drum And a nonmagnetic metal sorting device fixedly arranged so as to be located between a radius in the perpendicular direction and a radius in the direction of 45 ° opposite to the rotation direction of the outer drum . A conveyor belt is stretched between the outer drum formed of a non-metallic material and one or a plurality of pulleys, and the inner drum formed of a magnetic material is eccentric inside the outer drum. The inner drum is rotationally driven in the same direction as the rotation direction of the outer drum and at an angular velocity faster than the angular velocity of the outer drum, and the north pole is directed to the outer surface of the inner drum in the normal direction of the inner drum. In a nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus in which N magnets and S magnets facing S poles are alternately fixed in the circumferential direction, the perpendicular direction in which the axis of the inner drum is lowered onto the conveyor belt in the portion entering the outer drum radius and, located between the rotation direction a of the 45 ° direction in the opposite direction the radius of the outer drum from the radius of said vertical line direction, and the position adjustably disposed nonmagnetic metal sorting apparatus characterized by All .

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