JP4263917B2 - Non-standard refractory wet spraying method - Google Patents
Non-standard refractory wet spraying method Download PDFInfo
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- JP4263917B2 JP4263917B2 JP2003024711A JP2003024711A JP4263917B2 JP 4263917 B2 JP4263917 B2 JP 4263917B2 JP 2003024711 A JP2003024711 A JP 2003024711A JP 2003024711 A JP2003024711 A JP 2003024711A JP 4263917 B2 JP4263917 B2 JP 4263917B2
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- calcium hydroxide
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 56
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 52
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 24
- 229960002713 calcium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- -1 silicic acid alkali salt Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L disodium;(2r)-3-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-[2-methoxy-4-(3-sulfonatopropyl)phenoxy]propane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC=CC(C[C@H](CS([O-])(=O)=O)OC=2C(=CC(CCCS([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=2)OC)=C1O YDEXUEFDPVHGHE-GGMCWBHBSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017090 AlO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052849 andalusite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960005069 calcium Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium lactate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O MKJXYGKVIBWPFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001527 calcium lactate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011086 calcium lactate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002401 calcium lactate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004881 precipitation hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K tris(lactato)aluminium Chemical compound CC(O)C(=O)O[Al](OC(=O)C(C)O)OC(=O)C(C)O VXYADVIJALMOEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000011882 ultra-fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、作業安全性およびに施工性に優れた不定形耐火物湿式吹付け施工方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
不定形耐火物による各種工業窯炉の内張りあるいはその補修として、不定形耐火物を所要量の施工水分をもって予め混練した後、ノズルに圧送し、ノズルあるいはノズル手前で急結剤を添加して吹付ける湿式吹付け施工方法が知られている。
【0003】
この方法に使用される急結剤は、従来、アルミン酸アルカリ塩溶液、珪酸アルカリ塩溶液(例えば特許文献1参照)、塩化カルシウム溶液(例えば特許文献2参照)、消石灰を主材とする石灰スラリー(例えば特許文献3、4参照)、さらには水酸化カルシウムと塩化カルシウムとを組合わせた溶液(例えば特許文献5参照)などがある。
【0004】
このうち、アルミン酸アルカリ塩または珪酸アルカリ塩の溶液は急結性に優れるが、苛性ソーダを含む高塩基度のために、直接触れると肌が、かぶれや、やけど状態となる。また、一部は吹付け施工時にノズルからミスト状に浮遊し、これを吸引することで鼻炎を生じる。このように、その使用は人体への危険度が非常に高く、作業安全性において問題がある。
【0005】
これに対し、石灰スラリー、塩化カルシウム溶液などは塩基度が低く、人体への影響はないことから作業安全性に優れている。
【0006】
【特許文献1】
特開平10-118762号公報(第1−12頁)
【0007】
【特許文献2】
特開平10-95678号公報(第1−9頁)
【0008】
【特許文献3】
特開2001-114542号公報(第1−6頁)
【0009】
【特許文献4】
特開2001-278674号公報(第1−7頁)
【0010】
【特許文献5】
特許第2992259号公報(第1−10頁)
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
湿式吹付け施工方法に使用する急結剤において、前記従来の石灰スラリーは、石灰成分としての水酸化カルシウム(消石灰)を一般市販品における通常の粒度をさらに細粒化し、粒子径30μm以下が80質量%以上占める超微粉とし、溶媒の水と水酸化カルシウムとが急結剤使用待機中に分離するのを防止している。水酸化カルシウムは水と分離すると沈殿硬化し、急結剤としての効果が失われるためである。
【0012】
しかし、超微粉の水酸化カルシウムは比表面積が大きいことで反応性が過剰になるためか、不定形耐火物に対する急結作用が吹付け施工現場の気温に大きく影響される。
【0013】
例えば気温が35℃以上では急結剤の反応が急激となり、不定形耐火物はノズルから噴出されると同時に凝固状態となって、跳ね返り損失が大きいと共に施工体の緻密性に劣る。また、均一な施工厚みが要求される個所への施工では、吹付け直後に鏝などによって施工体を均すトリミング作業を行っているが、吹付け直後に既に施工体が硬く、トリミング作業が困難となる。
【0014】
気温が逆に例えば10℃以下と低い場合は急結作用が大幅に遅延し、施工体の強度不足による垂れ落ちによって所望厚みの施工体の形成が容易でない。特に施工部位が天井の場合、付着率の低下は甚だしい。
【0015】
気温は地域、季節だけではなく、施工現場が炉熱を受け易い個所か否かによっても変化する。水酸化カルシウムを超微粒子に調整した石灰スラリーは、水酸化カルシウムが水と分離するのを防止できるが、反面、以上のようにその反応が施工現場の気温に大きく影響される。その結果、不定形耐火物の付着性が不十分なものとなる。また、適切な急結度を得るために施工毎に、施工現場の気温に合わせて急結剤の濃度、不定形耐火物の結合剤の種類、量などを随時調整しなければならず、施工作業が煩雑となる。
一方、塩化カルシウム溶液よりなる急結剤は、塩素イオンによる水和反応によって不定形耐火物組織中のpH濃度を上昇させ、不定形耐火物を急結凝集させる効果をもつ。しかし、不定形耐火物中のpH濃度の上昇速度が遅く、施工体の強度発現能に劣る。その結果、施工体が例えば100mm以上といった厚肉が要求される場合、あるいは天井面などの脱落し易い個所などの施工において、十分な施工厚みの確保が容易でない。
【0016】
また、水酸化カルシウムと塩化カルシウムとの組合わせた溶液は、従来は水酸化カルシウムを超微粉に調整しておらず、水酸化カルシウムの分離を招く。水酸化カルシウムと塩化カルシウムを混合した直後に使用しても、分離の進行で施工体に対する急結作用が不均一となり、不定形耐火物の付着性、施工後の強度に劣る。
【0017】
本発明は、人体に有害な苛性ソーダを全く含まない石灰スラリーを急結剤とし、その施工性の問題の解決を図ることで、施工性と作業安全性を兼備えた湿式吹付け施工方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0018】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の湿式吹付け方法は、施工水分をもって予め混練した不定形耐火物をノズルに圧送し、ノズルまたはノズル手前で急結剤を添加して吹付ける施工法であって、前記急結剤として塩化カルシウムを含む石灰スラリーを使用すると共に、この石灰スラリーの石灰成分である水酸化カルシウムを粒子径24μm以下が90質量%以上かつ平均5.8μm以下の粒度としたことを特徴とする。
【0019】
例えば気温が30℃以上といった高温下での施工では、超微粉水酸化カルシウムのみによる石灰スラリー急結剤を使用した場合、超微粉水酸化カルシウムの反応性が高いために混練後の不定形耐火物は組織中のpH値が急激に上昇する。これにより、不定形耐火物はノズル部で急結剤が添加されると直ちに凝集が開始し、被施工面に到達するまでに付着に必要な粘性が損なわれ、リバウンドロスによる付着性が低下する。
【0020】
逆に施工時の温度が例えば10℃以下と低い場合は、この超微粉水酸化カルシウムのみの石灰スラリー急結剤は不定形耐火物の凝集作用に必要なpH値の上昇がきわめて遅く、施工体の強度発現能が劣ることで垂れ落ちによる付着性の低下を招く。
【0021】
これに対し本発明は、この超微粉水酸化カルシウムを石灰成分とする石灰スラリーに塩化カルシウムを添加混合した急結剤を使用したものであり、不定形耐火物は施工時の気温に殆ど影響されることなく優れた付着性を発揮する。その理由は以下のとおりと考えられる。
【0022】
塩化カルシウムからくる塩素イオンは混練後の不定形耐火物組織中のpH値を上昇させ、不定形耐火物の凝集硬化させる。この塩素イオンによる作用は、超微粉の水酸化カルシウム粒子による凝集硬化の反応よりも遅く、石灰スラリーは塩素イオンの介在で水酸化カルシウムが超微粉であることによる急激な凝集硬化の反応を緩和する。その結果、この石灰スラリーは温度の影響を殆ど受けない。
【0023】
この塩化カルシウムの塩素イオンによるpH値上昇の反応、水酸化カルシウム粒子の急激な反応の緩和は共に吹付け初期に終了し、持続しない。しかし、一方の水酸化カルシウム粒子の反応は吹付け初期に限られる塩化カルシウムの反応と違って経時的に作用し、凝集硬化の効果を継続させる。
【0024】
超微粉の水酸化カルシウム粒子の急激な反応が原因したリバウンドロスなどの弊害は吹付け直後のことである。塩化カルシウムによって吹付け直後の急激な反応が緩和し、付着性を向上させ、その後の経時下では超微粉の水酸化カルシウム粒子の急激な反応は施工体の強度付与に効果的に作用し、特に天井面などの施工部位に対しても優れた付着性を発揮する。
【0025】
特許文献4の特開2001-278674号公報で提案された石灰スラリーは、塩化リチウムが添加されている。塩化リチウムも塩素イオンを生成する以上、不定形耐火物の凝集硬化、さらにはその硬化が気温に影響を受け難いなどの作用をもつことが考えられる。
【0026】
しかし、塩化リチウムを添加した石灰スラリー急結剤の使用は、塩化リチウム成分中のリチウムがリチウムヒドロメタアルミネートの水和物〔LiH(AlO2)25H2O〕を生成し、この水和物が施工体組織の気孔に充填して施工体の通気性が損なわれる。そして、施工体乾燥時に水蒸気の通路が失われることで施工体の乾燥爆裂の原因となる。また、塩化リチウムの添加は塩化カルシウムに比べて石灰スラリー急結剤中のトータルカルシウム濃度が低下し、付着性が低下して施工性に劣る。
【0027】
本発明において、石灰スラリー中の水酸化カルシウムを前記よりさらに細粒化し、粒子径15μm以下が90質量%以上占める粒度とした場合は、不定形耐火物との反応がさらに顕著となる。その結果、経時下の強度発現能が一層向上し、例えば200mm以上の厚吹き施工さらには天井面に対する施工において特に有効である。
【0028】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、施工水分をもって予め混練した不定形耐火物をノズルに圧送し、ノズルまたはノズル手前で急結剤を添加して吹付ける点は従来方法と特に変わりない。
【0029】
不定形耐火物の組成は、具体的には耐火性原料、結合剤、分散剤を含み、必要によりさらに有機繊維、金属粉、増粘剤、硬化促進剤、硬化遅延剤などを組み合わせる。
【0030】
耐火性原料は、アルミナ、ボーキサイト、ばん土けつ岩、ムライト、ろう石、けい石、シャモット、アンダルサイト、ケイ石、溶融シリカ、マグネシア、マグネシア−カルシア、Al2O3−MgO系スピネル、クロム鉱、シリマナイト等から選ばれる一種以上を主材とし、必要に応じて、さらにジルコニア、炭素、炭化珪素、粘土、ピッチ等から選ばれる一種以上を組み合わせる。また、その一部に、耐火物廃材を粉砕したものを使用してもよい。
【0031】
耐火性原料の粒径調整は施工時の流動性・付着性、施工体の緻密性等を考慮し、粗粒、中粒、微粒に適宜調整する。また、微粒には、仮焼アルミナ、軽焼マグネシア、揮発シリカ、仮焼スピネル等の平均粒径10μm以下の超微粉を組み合わせることが好ましい。
【0032】
結合剤はアルミナセメント、マグネシアセメント、ポルトランドセメント、乳酸カルシウム、乳酸アルミニウムなどを使用する。その添加量は耐火性原料100質量%に対し、結合剤の種類に応じて1〜15質量%の範囲で調整するのが好ましい。中でも、施工体の強度付与および耐火性を兼備えたアルミナセメントが好ましい。
【0033】
また、不定形耐火物の耐火性原料の一部に例えば揮発シリカ、仮焼アルミナなどの耐火性超微粉を使用することで、不定形耐火物に十分な凝集作用が得られる場合は、前記使用の結合剤は必ずしも必要でない。
【0034】
分散剤は不定形耐火物に対する流動性付与の効果を持つ。その具体例は、トリポリリン酸ソーダ、ヘキサメタリン酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリルリン酸ソーダ、ポリカルボン酸、リグニンスルホン酸ソーダ、カルボキシル基含有ポリエーテルなどである。好ましい添加量は、耐火性原料100質量%に対して0.01〜1質量%である。
【0035】
施工に際しては、施工水分を添加して不定形耐火物を予め混練する。施工水分量は不定形耐火物組成全体に対する外掛けで12質量%以下が好ましく、さらに好ましくは5〜8質量%である。
【0036】
次いで、混練後の不定形耐火物を圧送ポンプで高圧ホースに送り出し、ノズルに圧送し、ノズルまたはノズル手前で急結剤を添加し、吹付ける。急結剤の混入と不定形耐火物の噴出補助のために、不定形耐火物への急結剤の添加は圧搾空気をもって行うのが好ましい。
【0037】
また、不定形耐火物を混練する際、施工水分の一部使用し、残りの施工水分をノズルまたはノズル手前で添加して吹付けてもよい。
【0038】
急結剤の組成は水酸化カルシウムを石灰成分として含む石灰スラリーとする。本発明では、この水酸化カルシウムを粒子径24μm以下が90質量%以上占める粒度とする。最大粒径は特に限定されないが30〜100μmが好ましい。また、平均粒径は、5.8μm以下とする。
【0039】
水酸化カルシウムは粒子径24μm以下が本発明で限定した範囲より少ない場合、水酸化カルシウムと水との分離抑制の効果がなく、急結剤の急結作用が低下し、不定形耐火物の付着性に劣る。また、水酸化カルシウムの沈殿硬化により、数時間経過後は攪拌しても水酸化カルシウムの分散が困難な状態となる。
【0040】
水酸化カルシウムをさらに微細化して粒子径15μm以下が90質量%以上とした場合は、混練物との反応硬化性がさらに向上し、厚吹き施工さらには天井面施工に有効である。
【0041】
水酸化カルシウムの粒径は、例えばレーザー回折法による測定によって特定化する。粒度が本発明の範囲内の水酸化カルシウムを溶媒の水に投入し、分散させることで石灰スラリーを得る。水酸化カルシウムは微溶解性のために石灰スラリー中に粒状物として残留する。
【0042】
石灰スラリーに含ませる塩化カルシウムは、粉末あるいは溶液のいずれでも使用できる。塩化カルシウムは粉末であっても、水酸化カルシウムと違い石灰スラリー中で直ちに溶解し、粒状物としては残留しない。その使用量は石灰スラリー中に占める割合で、塩化カルシウム/水酸化カルシウムの質量比が30/70〜90/10になるように調整するのが好ましい。塩化カルシウムがこれより少ないと実質的に水酸化カルシウムのみの組成となり、急結作用が施工現場の気温に影響され、本発明の効果が不十分なものとなる。
【0043】
塩化カルシウムが多過ぎると、その分、水酸化カルシウムの割合が少なくなることで気温変動による急結作用の影響少ないが、水酸化カルシウムによる経時下での強度発現の効果が十分発揮されない。
【0044】
石灰スラリーにおける水酸化カルシウムおよび塩化カルシウムの濃度は、水酸化カルシウムと塩化カルシウムの合計量で例えば10〜70質量%になるように調整するのが好ましい。
【0045】
また、特許文献3の特開2001-114542号公報に見られるようにこの石灰スラリーにさらに分散剤を添加してもよい。分散剤は石灰スラリーを低粘性化し、エアー搬送時の安定供給性優れる。その添加量は、石灰スラリー中の塩化カルシウムおよび水酸化カルシウムの合計量100質量%(固形成分量)に対する外掛け1質量%以下とする。さらに好ましくは0.01〜0.5質量%である。
【0046】
石灰スラリーに添加する前記分散剤は、不定形耐火物に添加する分散剤と同様、例えばヘキサメタリン酸ソーダ、ポリアクリル酸ソーダ、ポリアクリルリン酸ソーダ、ポリカルボン酸、リグニンスルホン酸ソーダ、カルボキシル基含有ポリエーテルなどが使用できる。
【0047】
本発明方法による施工対象の工業窯炉としては、例えば高炉樋・混銑車・転炉・溶鋼鍋・タンディッシュなどの溶融金属容器、あるいは焼却炉・セメントプラント炉、均熱炉、加熱炉等の内張りあるいはその補修である。
【0048】
【実施例】
以下、本発明実施例による湿式吹付け施工方法とその比較例を示す。また、同時にそれらの試験結果を示す。
【0049】
表1は各例に使用した急結剤ついて、その組成、水酸化カルシウムの粒度、固形成分の沈降分離開始時間である。なお、この急結剤の溶媒はいずれも水とし、固形成分の濃度は45質量%とした。表2は、各例で使用した急結剤と吹付け施工体の各種特性の試験結果である。
【0050】
水酸化カルシウムは、宇部マテリアルズ株式会社製の「特選消石灰(CaO:74質量%)」を使用した。細粒化はボールミル粉砕にて行った。粒径はレーザー回折法によって測定した。水酸化カルシウムを表1に示した各粒度に調整後、溶媒の水に添加し、石灰スラリーを得た。
【0051】
石灰スラリーの分離性の試験として、沈降分離開始時間を測定した。この試験では、内径250mmの透明なプラスチック容器に10リットルの急結剤を入れ、固形成分の沈降で上部に透明な水の層が形成が開始するまでの時間(hr)を測定した。開始時間が遅いほど水酸化カルシウムと水との分離が生じ難い。
塩化カルシウムは、株式会社トクヤマ製の「粒状塩化カルシウム」を使用した。これを単独の溶液あるいは石灰スラリーへ添加して使用した。
【0052】
湿式吹付け施工装置は、アレンタウン(Allentown)社製10PROスイング弁ダブルピストンポンプを備え、圧送管は内径0.051m(2インチ)、長さ24.48m(100フィート)の耐圧ホースとし、圧送管の先端には長さ200mmの先絞りゴム製ノズルを接続したものを使用した。
【0053】
不定形耐火物に対する急結剤の供給は、スネークポンプを有するモーノポンプを使用し、さらに0.55MPa(70psi)、8.5m3/分(240cft)の圧縮空気をキャリアとし、前記ゴム製ノズルに接続した供給管を介して行った。
【0054】
被施工面は、長さ150mm×直径5mmのステンレス製スタッドを150mmピッチで植設した鉄板とした。垂直面、天井面のそれぞれに施工した。
【0055】
不定形耐火物は、粒径8〜1mm35質量%、1mm以下57質量%のアルミナ、粘土2質量%、仮焼アルミナ3質量%、蒸発シリカ3質量%よりなる耐火原料100質量%に、結合剤としてアルミナセメント4質量%、分散剤としてトリポリリン酸ソーダ0.1質量%を添加した組成のものを使用した。施工に際しては施工水分6質量%添加し、ミキサーにて予め十分に混練した。
【0056】
急結剤の添加量は、不定形耐火物(施工水分量を除いた量)に対する外掛けで0.6質量%とした。
【0057】
吹付け施工体の強度発現能の試験は、貫入先端面が6mm径の円形を有する貫入硬度計を用いた。不定形耐火物を吹付け施工1時間経過後に測定した。貫入先端面が不定形耐火物施工体に貫入する際の抵抗荷重を測定した。数値が大きいほど強度発現能に優れている。
【0058】
不定形耐火物の付着性の試験は、低温(7℃)、常温(23℃)、高温(35℃)の三段階の気温下において、垂直面、天井面のそれぞれの被施工面に対する付着率を求めた。
【0059】
施工体のトリミング性は、前記と同様に三段階の気温下で試験した。垂直面に対して不定形耐火物を吹付け、30分経過後、鏝を用いて施工体の厚さを均一化し、その際の均一化作業の容易度を求めた。◎…きわめて良、○…良、△…やや困難、×…困難で評価した。
【0060】
乾燥性は、不定形耐火物を垂直面に吹付けし、24時間養生後の施工体を800℃の電気炉に挿入し、亀裂発生状況、爆裂の有無などによって良、不良を測定した。
【0061】
【表1】
【表2】
表2において、符号1〜10は本発明の範囲内の施工方法であって、石灰スラリーがもつ作業安全性に加え、気温に影響されること無く不定形耐火物は垂直面、天井面のいずれに対しても優れた付着性を示す。施工体のトリミング性も同様に気温にほとんど影響されず、良好な結果が得られた。
【0062】
なお、この本発明の範囲内の施工方法において、符号10は石灰スラリーに分散剤としてトリポリリン酸ソーダを水酸化カルシウムおよび塩化カルシウムの合量に対する外掛けで0.2質量%添加した急結剤を使用したものである。前記効果に加え、急結剤の安定供給に優れている。
【0063】
これに対し符号11は、急結剤として塩化カルシウムを含む石灰スラリーを使用しているが、石灰成分である水酸化カルシウムの粒度が市販品そのままであり、粒度が本発明が限定した範囲のものより大きく、水酸化カルシウムの分離によって不定形耐火物の付着率が大幅に低下している。また、それが原因して特に天井面に対する施工体の形成が困難であった。十分な厚肉の施工体が確保できず、トリミング性および乾燥性の試験を行わなかった。
【0064】
符号12は急結剤として、塩化カルシウムを含まない石灰スラリーの使用例であり、安定した施工性が得られない。すなわち、粒度を本発明の範囲内に調整した水酸化カルシウムの使用によって分離は生じないが、塩化カルシウムを含まないことで気温の影響を受け、低温下での吹付けにおいては、施工体にタレ現象が生じ不定形耐火物の付着率が大きく低下する。また、高温での吹付けにおいては、リバウンドロスが多く付着率が低下する。
【0065】
塩化リチウムを含む石灰スラリーを急結剤とする符号13は、付着性に劣り、しかも乾燥性の試験では乾燥爆裂が生じた。
【0066】
急結剤に塩化カルシウム溶液を使用した符号14は、吹付け初期での不定形耐火物の付着性は問題ないが、施工体の強度発現が遅いために厚肉の施工体の形成が容易でない。また、天井面に対しては不定形耐火物の落下で付着性がきわめて悪い。
【0067】
珪酸アルカリ溶液を使用した符号15は、付着性においては本発明と同等の結果を示すが、珪酸アルカリ溶液が人体に有害な苛性ソーダを含み、作業安全性において本発明の効果が得られない。
【0068】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、石灰スラリーよりなる急結剤を使用した不定形耐火物湿式吹付け施工方法において、施工現場の気温に影響されることなく安定した施工性を示す。その結果、石灰スラリー急結剤がもつ作業安全性と、優れた付着性をいかんなく発揮することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an irregular refractory wet spraying method excellent in work safety and workability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For lining or repairing various industrial kilns with irregular refractories, the irregular refractories are pre-kneaded with the required amount of construction water, then pumped to the nozzle, and a quick setting agent is added and blown before the nozzle or nozzle. A wet spraying method is known.
[0003]
Conventional accelerating agents used in this method are alkali aluminate solution, alkali silicate solution (see, for example, Patent Document 1), calcium chloride solution (see, for example, Patent Document 2), and lime slurry mainly composed of slaked lime. (See, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4), and further, a solution (for example, see Patent Document 5) in which calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride are combined.
[0004]
Among these, alkali aluminate or silicic acid alkali salt solutions are excellent in quick setting properties, but due to the high basicity including caustic soda, when touched directly, the skin becomes rashed or burned. Moreover, a part floats in a mist form from a nozzle at the time of spraying construction, and rhinitis arises by sucking this. In this way, its use has a very high risk to the human body, and there is a problem in work safety.
[0005]
On the other hand, lime slurry, calcium chloride solution, etc. are low in basicity and have no impact on the human body, so they are excellent in work safety.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-10-118762 (page 1-12)
[0007]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-10-95678 (page 1-9)
[0008]
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2001-114542 A (page 1-6)
[0009]
[Patent Document 4]
JP 2001-278664 A (page 1-7)
[0010]
[Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent No. 2992259 (page 1-10)
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the quick setting agent used in the wet spraying construction method, the conventional lime slurry further refines calcium hydroxide (slaked lime) as a lime component to a normal particle size in a general commercial product, and the particle size is 30 μm or less. The super fine powder occupies at least mass% prevents the solvent water and calcium hydroxide from separating during the use of the quick-setting agent. This is because calcium hydroxide precipitates and hardens when separated from water and loses its effect as a quick setting agent.
[0012]
However, the ultra-fine calcium hydroxide is excessively reactive due to its large specific surface area, or the rapid setting action on the irregular refractory is greatly influenced by the temperature at the spraying site.
[0013]
For example, when the temperature is 35 ° C. or higher, the quick-setting agent reacts rapidly, and the irregular refractory is ejected from the nozzle and becomes solidified at the same time, resulting in a large rebound loss and inferior compactness of the construction body. In addition, in the construction where a uniform construction thickness is required, trimming work is performed to level the construction body with scissors immediately after spraying, but the construction body is already hard immediately after spraying, making trimming work difficult. It becomes.
[0014]
On the contrary, when the temperature is as low as 10 ° C. or lower, for example, the rapid setting action is greatly delayed, and it is not easy to form a construction body with a desired thickness due to dripping due to insufficient strength of the construction body. In particular, when the construction site is a ceiling, the decrease in the adhesion rate is significant.
[0015]
The temperature varies depending not only on the area and season, but also whether the construction site is susceptible to furnace heat. Lime slurry prepared by adjusting calcium hydroxide to ultrafine particles can prevent calcium hydroxide from separating from water, but on the other hand, the reaction is greatly influenced by the temperature at the construction site as described above. As a result, the adhesion of the irregular refractory becomes insufficient. In addition, in order to obtain an appropriate degree of quick setting, the concentration of the quick setting agent, the type and amount of the binder for the amorphous refractory must be adjusted as needed according to the temperature at the construction site. Work becomes complicated.
On the other hand, a quick setting agent made of a calcium chloride solution has the effect of increasing the pH concentration in the amorphous refractory structure by a hydration reaction with chlorine ions, and rapidly agglomerating the amorphous refractory. However, the rate of increase in pH concentration in the irregular refractory is slow, and the strength of the construction body is poor. As a result, when the construction body is required to have a thickness of, for example, 100 mm or more, or in construction such as a place where the ceiling surface is easily dropped, it is not easy to ensure a sufficient construction thickness.
[0016]
Moreover, the solution which combined calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride has not adjusted calcium hydroxide to the super fine powder conventionally, and causes separation of calcium hydroxide. Even if it is used immediately after mixing calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride, the rapid setting action on the construction body becomes non-uniform due to the progress of separation, and the adhesion of the amorphous refractory and the strength after construction are inferior.
[0017]
The present invention provides a wet spraying construction method that has both workability and work safety by using a lime slurry that does not contain any caustic soda harmful to the human body as a rapid setting agent and solving the problem of its workability. The purpose is to do.
[0018]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The wet spraying method of the present invention is a construction method in which an amorphous refractory previously kneaded with construction moisture is pumped to a nozzle, and a quick setting agent is added and sprayed before the nozzle or the nozzle, and the quick setting agent is used as the quick setting agent. A lime slurry containing calcium chloride is used, and calcium hydroxide, which is a lime component of the lime slurry, has a particle diameter of 24 μm or less and a particle size of 90 mass% or more and an average of 5.8 μm or less.
[0019]
For example, in the construction under a high temperature of 30 ° C. or more, when a lime slurry quick setting agent using only ultrafine calcium hydroxide is used, the amorphous refractory after kneading because the reactivity of ultrafine calcium hydroxide is high. The pH value in the tissue rises rapidly. As a result, the agglomerated refractory starts to aggregate immediately after the quick setting agent is added at the nozzle part, and the viscosity necessary for adhesion is lost before reaching the work surface, and the adhesion due to rebound loss decreases. .
[0020]
On the contrary, when the temperature at the time of construction is as low as 10 ° C. or less, for example, the lime slurry quick setting agent containing only ultrafine calcium hydroxide has a very slow increase in pH value necessary for the coagulation of the amorphous refractory. Inferior adhesive strength due to dripping due to inferior strength development ability.
[0021]
In contrast, the present invention uses a quick setting agent in which calcium chloride is added to and mixed with a lime slurry containing ultrafine calcium hydroxide as a lime component, and the amorphous refractory is almost affected by the temperature during construction. Excellent adhesion without any problems. The reason is considered as follows.
[0022]
Chlorine ions coming from calcium chloride raise the pH value in the amorphous refractory structure after kneading and coagulate and harden the amorphous refractory. This action by chlorine ions is slower than the coagulation hardening reaction by ultra-fine powdered calcium hydroxide particles, and the lime slurry moderates the rapid cohesion hardening reaction due to the calcium hydroxide being ultra fine powder by the intervention of chlorine ions. . As a result, this lime slurry is hardly affected by temperature.
[0023]
Both the reaction of increasing the pH value due to chloride ions of calcium chloride and the relaxation of the rapid reaction of calcium hydroxide particles are completed at the initial stage of spraying and do not last. However, unlike the reaction of calcium chloride, which is limited to the initial stage of spraying, the reaction of one of the calcium hydroxide particles acts with time and continues the effect of coagulation hardening.
[0024]
Defects such as rebound loss caused by the rapid reaction of ultrafine calcium hydroxide particles are immediately after spraying. The rapid reaction immediately after spraying is relaxed by calcium chloride, improving the adhesion, and the rapid reaction of ultrafine calcium hydroxide particles effectively affects the strength of the construction body over time, Excellent adhesion to construction sites such as the ceiling surface.
[0025]
Lithium chloride is added to the lime slurry proposed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-278664 of Patent Document 4. Since lithium chloride also produces chloride ions, it is considered that the amorphous refractory has cohesive hardening, and that the hardening is less susceptible to temperature effects.
[0026]
However, the use of a lime slurry rapid setting agent to which lithium chloride has been added is that the lithium in the lithium chloride component forms a hydrate of lithium hydrometaaluminate [LiH (AlO 2 ) 2 5H 2 O]. The object fills the pores of the construction body structure, and the air permeability of the construction body is impaired. And when the construction body is dried, the passage of water vapor is lost, which causes dry explosion of the construction body. Moreover, the addition of lithium chloride lowers the total calcium concentration in the lime slurry rapid setting agent compared with calcium chloride, lowers the adhesion, and is inferior in workability.
[0027]
In the present invention, when the calcium hydroxide in the lime slurry is further finely divided to have a particle size with a particle size of 15 μm or less accounting for 90 % by mass or more, the reaction with the amorphous refractory becomes more remarkable. As a result, the ability to develop strength over time is further improved, and is particularly effective in, for example, thick blow construction of 200 mm or more, or construction on the ceiling surface.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, there is no particular difference from the conventional method in that an amorphous refractory kneaded in advance with construction moisture is pumped to a nozzle, and a quick setting agent is added and sprayed before the nozzle or the nozzle.
[0029]
Specifically, the composition of the amorphous refractory includes a refractory raw material, a binder, and a dispersant, and if necessary, an organic fiber, a metal powder, a thickener, a curing accelerator, a curing retarder and the like are combined.
[0030]
Refractory raw material, alumina, bauxite, bands shale, mullite, pyrophyllite, silica stone, chamotte, andalusite, silica rock, fused silica, magnesia, magnesia - calcia, Al 2 O 3 -MgO spinel, chromium ore One or more selected from sillimanite or the like is used as a main material, and if necessary, one or more selected from zirconia, carbon, silicon carbide, clay, pitch, or the like is further combined. Moreover, you may use what grind | pulverized the refractory waste material to the one part.
[0031]
The particle size adjustment of the refractory raw material is appropriately adjusted to coarse particles, medium particles, and fine particles in consideration of fluidity / adhesion during construction, denseness of the construction body, and the like. The fine particles are preferably combined with ultrafine powder having an average particle size of 10 μm or less such as calcined alumina, light calcined magnesia, volatile silica, calcined spinel and the like.
[0032]
As the binder, alumina cement, magnesia cement, Portland cement, calcium lactate, aluminum lactate or the like is used. The addition amount is preferably adjusted in the range of 1 to 15% by mass depending on the kind of the binder with respect to 100% by mass of the refractory raw material. Among these, alumina cement having both strength imparting and fire resistance of the construction body is preferable.
[0033]
In addition, if a sufficient agglomeration effect is obtained for the amorphous refractory by using, for example, refractory ultrafine powder such as volatile silica and calcined alumina as a part of the refractory raw material of the amorphous refractory, use the above-mentioned The binder is not necessarily required.
[0034]
The dispersant has the effect of imparting fluidity to the amorphous refractory. Specific examples thereof include sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, polycarboxylic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, and carboxyl group-containing polyether. A preferable addition amount is 0.01 to 1% by mass with respect to 100% by mass of the refractory raw material.
[0035]
At the time of construction, construction moisture is added to knead the amorphous refractory in advance. The construction moisture content is preferably 12% by mass or less, more preferably 5 to 8% by mass, based on the total amount of the amorphous refractory composition.
[0036]
Next, the kneaded amorphous refractory is sent out to a high-pressure hose by a pressure pump, pressure-fed to a nozzle, a quick setting agent is added to the nozzle or in front of the nozzle, and sprayed. In order to mix the quick setting agent and to assist the ejection of the irregular refractory, it is preferable to add the quick setting agent to the irregular refractory with compressed air.
[0037]
In addition, when kneading the irregular refractory material, a part of the construction moisture may be used, and the remaining construction moisture may be added and sprayed before the nozzle or the nozzle.
[0038]
The composition of the quick setting agent is a lime slurry containing calcium hydroxide as a lime component. In the present invention, the calcium hydroxide has a particle size in which a particle size of 24 μm or less occupies 90 % by mass or more. The maximum particle size is not particularly limited but is preferably 30 to 100 μm. The average particle size is 5.8 μm or less.
[0039]
When calcium hydroxide has a particle size of 24 μm or less less than the range defined in the present invention, there is no effect of suppressing the separation of calcium hydroxide and water, the rapid setting action of the quick setting agent is reduced, and adhesion of amorphous refractory Inferior to sex. In addition, due to precipitation hardening of calcium hydroxide, it becomes difficult to disperse calcium hydroxide even after stirring for several hours.
[0040]
When the calcium hydroxide is further refined so that the particle size of 15 μm or less is 90% by mass or more , the reaction curability with the kneaded product is further improved, which is effective for thick blow construction and ceiling surface construction.
[0041]
The particle size of calcium hydroxide is specified by, for example, measurement by a laser diffraction method. Calcium hydroxide having a particle size within the range of the present invention is introduced into a solvent water and dispersed to obtain a lime slurry. Calcium hydroxide remains as a particulate in the lime slurry because of its poor solubility.
[0042]
The calcium chloride contained in the lime slurry can be used in either a powder or a solution. Unlike calcium hydroxide, calcium chloride dissolves immediately in the lime slurry and does not remain as a granular material. The amount used is the ratio of the lime slurry, and the mass ratio of calcium chloride / calcium hydroxide is preferably adjusted to 30/70 to 90/10 . When the amount of calcium chloride is less than this, the composition is substantially composed only of calcium hydroxide, the rapid setting effect is affected by the temperature at the construction site, and the effect of the present invention becomes insufficient.
[0043]
If the amount of calcium chloride is too much, the proportion of calcium hydroxide is reduced by that amount, so that the effect of rapid setting due to temperature fluctuation is small, but the effect of strength development with time due to calcium hydroxide is not sufficiently exhibited.
[0044]
The concentrations of calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride in the lime slurry are preferably adjusted so that the total amount of calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride is, for example, 10 to 70% by mass.
[0045]
Further, as seen in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-114542 of Patent Document 3, a dispersant may be further added to the lime slurry. The dispersant lowers the viscosity of the lime slurry and is excellent in stable supply during air conveyance. The addition amount is set to 1% by mass or less of the outer coating with respect to 100% by mass (solid component amount) of the total amount of calcium chloride and calcium hydroxide in the lime slurry. More preferably, the content is 0.01 to 0.5% by mass.
[0046]
The dispersant to be added to the lime slurry is similar to the dispersant to be added to the amorphous refractory, for example, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium polyacrylate, polycarboxylic acid, sodium lignin sulfonate, carboxyl group-containing Polyether etc. can be used.
[0047]
Industrial kilns to be constructed by the method of the present invention include, for example, molten metal containers such as blast furnaces, kneading cars, converters, molten steel pans, tundish, or incinerators / cement plant furnaces, soaking furnaces, heating furnaces, etc. It is lining or its repair.
[0048]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a wet spraying method according to an embodiment of the present invention and a comparative example thereof will be described. Moreover, those test results are shown simultaneously.
[0049]
Table 1 shows the composition, the calcium hydroxide particle size, and the sedimentation start time of the solid components for the quick setting agent used in each example. In addition, all of the solvent of this quick setting agent was water, and the density | concentration of the solid component was 45 mass%. Table 2 shows the test results of various characteristics of the quick setting agent and sprayed construction body used in each example.
[0050]
As the calcium hydroxide, “Specialized Slaked Lime (CaO: 74% by mass)” manufactured by Ube Materials Co., Ltd. was used. Fine graining was performed by ball milling. The particle size was measured by a laser diffraction method. After adjusting the calcium hydroxide to each particle size shown in Table 1, it was added to the solvent water to obtain a lime slurry.
[0051]
As a test of separability of the lime slurry, the sedimentation start time was measured. In this test, 10 liters of quick setting agent was put in a transparent plastic container having an inner diameter of 250 mm, and the time (hr) until the formation of a transparent water layer on the upper part due to the precipitation of the solid component was measured. The later the start time, the less likely separation of calcium hydroxide and water occurs.
As the calcium chloride, “granular calcium chloride” manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation was used. This was used by adding to a single solution or lime slurry.
[0052]
The wet spraying equipment is equipped with a 10PRO swing valve double piston pump manufactured by Allentown, and the pressure feed pipe is a pressure hose with an inner diameter of 0.051 m (2 inches) and a length of 24.48 m (100 feet). The tip of the tube was connected to a nozzle made of a pre-drawn rubber having a length of 200 mm.
[0053]
The quick setting agent is supplied to the amorphous refractory using a MONO pump having a snake pump, and 0.55 MPa (70 psi) and 8.5 m 3 / min (240 cft) of compressed air as a carrier. This was done via a connected supply tube.
[0054]
The construction surface was an iron plate in which stainless steel studs having a length of 150 mm and a diameter of 5 mm were planted at a pitch of 150 mm. It was constructed on each of the vertical and ceiling surfaces.
[0055]
The amorphous refractory is composed of 100% by mass of a refractory raw material composed of alumina having a particle size of 8 to 1 mm, 35% by mass, 57% by mass of 1 mm, clay 2% by mass, calcined alumina 3% by mass, and evaporated silica 3% by mass. As a dispersant, 4% by mass of alumina cement and 0.1% by mass of sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant were used. At the time of construction, 6% by mass of construction water was added, and kneaded sufficiently beforehand with a mixer.
[0056]
The addition amount of the quick setting agent was 0.6% by mass as an outer shell with respect to the amorphous refractory (amount excluding the amount of construction water).
[0057]
For the test of the strength development ability of the sprayed construction body, an intrusion hardness meter having a 6 mm diameter circular shape at the intrusion tip surface was used. Measurements were made after 1 hour of spraying for an amorphous refractory. The resistance load was measured when the penetrating tip surface penetrated into the refractory body having an irregular shape. The larger the value, the better the strength development ability.
[0058]
The adhesion test of the amorphous refractory was conducted at three levels of temperature: low temperature (7 ° C), normal temperature (23 ° C), and high temperature (35 ° C). Asked.
[0059]
The trimming property of the construction body was tested at three stages of air temperature as described above. An irregular refractory was sprayed on the vertical surface, and after 30 minutes, the thickness of the construction body was equalized using a scissors, and the degree of ease of homogenization was determined. ◎… Very good, ○… Good, Δ… Slightly difficult, ×… Difficult to evaluate.
[0060]
The drying property was measured for good or bad by spraying an irregular refractory on a vertical surface, inserting the construction body after curing for 24 hours into an electric furnace at 800 ° C., and depending on the occurrence of cracks and the presence or absence of explosion.
[0061]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
In Table 2, reference numerals 1 to 10 are construction methods within the scope of the present invention. In addition to the work safety of the lime slurry, the amorphous refractory is either a vertical surface or a ceiling surface without being affected by the temperature. Also shows excellent adhesion. Similarly, the trimming property of the construction body was hardly affected by the temperature, and good results were obtained.
[0062]
In this construction method within the scope of the present invention, reference numeral 10 denotes a quick setting agent in which 0.2% by mass of sodium tripolyphosphate as a dispersant is added to the lime slurry as an outer shell with respect to the total amount of calcium hydroxide and calcium chloride. It is what was used. In addition to the above effects, it is excellent in the stable supply of quick setting agents.
[0063]
On the other hand, reference numeral 11 uses a lime slurry containing calcium chloride as a quick setting agent, but the particle size of calcium hydroxide as a lime component is a commercial product as it is, and the particle size is in a range limited by the present invention. The adhesion rate of amorphous refractories is greatly reduced by the separation of calcium hydroxide. In addition, it was difficult to form a construction body particularly on the ceiling surface. A sufficiently thick construction body could not be secured and the trimming and drying tests were not performed.
[0064]
The code | symbol 12 is a usage example of the lime slurry which does not contain calcium chloride as a quick setting agent, and stable workability is not obtained. In other words, separation does not occur due to the use of calcium hydroxide whose particle size is adjusted within the range of the present invention, but it is affected by the temperature due to the absence of calcium chloride. Phenomenon occurs and the adhesion rate of irregular refractories is greatly reduced. Further, in spraying at a high temperature, the rebound loss is large and the adhesion rate is lowered.
[0065]
The code | symbol 13 which uses the lime slurry containing lithium chloride as a quick setting agent is inferior to adhesiveness, and also dry explosion occurred in the drying test.
[0066]
Although the code | symbol 14 which uses a calcium-chloride solution for a quick setting agent does not have a problem in the adhesion property of the amorphous refractory in the initial stage of spraying, since the strength expression of a construction body is slow, formation of a thick construction body is not easy. . In addition, the adhesion to the ceiling surface is extremely poor due to the fall of the irregular refractory.
[0067]
Although the code | symbol 15 which uses an alkali silicate solution shows the result equivalent to this invention in adhesiveness, the silicic acid alkali solution contains the caustic soda harmful to a human body, and the effect of this invention is not acquired in work safety | security.
[0068]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention shows a stable workability without being affected by the temperature at the construction site in the method of wet spraying with an irregular refractory using a quick setting agent made of lime slurry. As a result, the work safety and excellent adhesion of the lime slurry rapid setting agent can be exhibited.
Claims (5)
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| JP2003024711A JP4263917B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2003-01-31 | Non-standard refractory wet spraying method |
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| JP2003024711A JP4263917B2 (en) | 2003-01-31 | 2003-01-31 | Non-standard refractory wet spraying method |
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| WO2023013284A1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Dry spraying material for firing furnace |
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| JP5674187B2 (en) * | 2010-02-17 | 2015-02-25 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Wet spray construction method |
| JP2011214762A (en) * | 2010-03-31 | 2011-10-27 | Kurosaki Harima Corp | Method of spray application of monolithic refractory and spray application device |
| JP5637634B2 (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2014-12-10 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Quick setting agent and wet spraying method |
| WO2024090106A1 (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-05-02 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Wet spray material for firing furnaces and method for installing same |
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| WO2023013284A1 (en) | 2021-08-06 | 2023-02-09 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Dry spraying material for firing furnace |
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