JP4268985B2 - Glass identification device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass identification device capable of identifying the type of glass.

  Conventionally, various products have been recycled to build a recycling society. Recycling is also done for various types of waste lamps such as used fluorescent lamps and mercury lamps. For example, in a waste electric lamp, a glass portion that occupies most of the weight ratio is crushed to become a glass cullet, which is reproduced as a glass raw material (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

By the way, there are various types of glass such as soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, lead glass, and quartz glass, and physical properties such as melting point differ depending on the type of glass. For this reason, when the glass raw material is reproduced from the waste glass, it is necessary to separate the glass cullet for each type of glass. Then, light is irradiated to the glass cullet conveyed with a conveyor etc., and glass cullet is separately collect | recovered by the color identification based on the transmitted light which permeate | transmitted the glass cullet (for example, refer patent document 2). The collected and collected glass cullet is finely crushed into a granular or powder form by a crusher and re-produced as a glass raw material.
JP 2005-349277 A JP 2001-269629 A

  In the process of manufacturing a glass product, a glass raw material is melted in a melting furnace to form a molten glass lump (gob). For this reason, when different types of glass with a high melting point such as borosilicate glass are mixed in the soda lime glass raw material, the borosilicate glass does not melt in the melting furnace that matches the melting point of soda lime glass, and borosilicate as a foreign substance in the product. Glass is mixed. Therefore, when quality control of a glass raw material as a product is performed, detection of different types of glass mixed in the glass raw material is extremely important. However, waste glass caused by waste electric lamps often exhibits a colorless and transparent color, and glass materials crushed into granular or powdery form are identified by color classification to detect different types of glass. It was difficult to do.

  The subject of this invention is providing the glass identification device which can identify the multiple types of glass which exhibits substantially the same job.

The present invention is, from an identification subject refraction index different birefringence several glass are mixed, a glasses identification device for identifying a heterogeneous glass having a specific glass and other refractive index having a predetermined refractive index, wherein with immersion liquid having a predetermined refractive index and the same refractive index, and the cell that houses the identification target, and a light projecting portion for projecting a parallel light to the cell, from the cell, passed through the specific glass The light is output as parallel light, the light transmitted through the different glass is deflected in the optical path, output, and the light transmitted through the cell is incident to collect the components of the parallel light contained in the light. A condensing element, a filter that is disposed downstream of the condensing element, shields the component of the parallel light collected by the condensing element, and transmits a light component whose optical path is deflected by the dissimilar glass; Light for detecting light transmitted through the filter A detection section, and further comprising a.

The light projecting unit includes a light source and a parallel light optical system that collimates the light emitted from the light source, collects the light collimated by the parallel light optical system, and passes the light through a diaphragm. The light passing through the diaphragm is collimated and projected onto the cell .

In addition, the light detection unit includes an imaging optical system that forms an image of light transmitted through the filter .

  The imaging optical system is characterized in that the imaging position is variably configured according to the refractive index of the different glass.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to distinguish between a specific glass and a different kind of glass having another refractive index by using a refractive index of light that is different for each type of glass.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the schematic structural example of the glass identification device of this invention. It is the top view (a) and front view (b) which show the structural example of the cell which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the refractive index of immersion liquid and the refractive index of a glass grain. It is a schematic diagram which shows the specific structural example of a light projection unit. It is a schematic diagram which shows a different kind | species glass detection image. It is a schematic diagram which shows the other structural example of a light projection unit.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Glass identification device 10 Identification object 11 Specific glass 11a Specific glass transmitted light 12 Different glass 12a Different glass transmitted light 20 Cell 20a Glass grain 30 Light projection unit (light projection part)
31 Light source 31a, 61a Light (light flux)
32, 62 Parallel light beam optical system 32a, 62a Parallel light beam 40 Light receiving unit 41 Specific glass transmitted light detector 42 Different glass transmitted light detector 43 Converging optical element 44 Spatial filter 45 Imaging optical system 46 Focusing optical element 47 Screen 48 CCD Camera 100 Immersion liquid

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a glass identification device 1 according to the present embodiment. The glass identification device 1 is a device for identifying a glass for each type by using a refractive index of light for an identification object 10 that has substantially the same color and includes a plurality of types of glasses having different compositions. As shown in FIG. 1, the glass identification device 1 receives a cell 20 that houses an identification target 10, a light projecting unit 30 (light projecting unit) that projects light onto the cell 20, and light that has passed through the cell 20. Among the glasses mixed in the identification object 10 in the light receiving unit 40, the light receiving unit 40 is configured so that the specific glass 11 having a predetermined refractive index and the different glass 12 having another refractive index can be identified. is there.

  Here, the identification target 10 includes a glass cullet (glass piece) in which a plurality of types of glass are mixed, glass particles, glass powder, and the like. In addition, these glass cullet, glass grains, and glass powder include waste glass (including various kinds of waste lamps, waste bottles, etc.) and glass waste generated in the production process of various glass products. Including.

  In addition, the identification target 10 includes those that have been sorted to a predetermined degree for each type of glass by a predetermined sorting method. Examples of the sorting method for sorting glass by type include the method of sorting glass by the color identification mentioned as the prior art. Moreover, since the specific gravity of glass changes with kinds, you may fractionate glass for every kind using a specific gravity sedimentation method etc. The specific gravity sedimentation method is a kind of specific gravity sorting method that uses the fact that the specific gravity varies depending on the type of glass to sort the glass by type. Specifically, when the glass is precipitated in a predetermined specific gravity liquid, the glass is separated into layers. And it can classify | categorize glass for every classification by taking out the settled glass in a layer form. When the glass is separated using the specific gravity sedimentation method, it is preferable to separate the glass cullet using fine cullet having a uniform particle size by finely pulverizing the glass cullet. This is because the accuracy of fractionation is improved by aligning the particle diameter.

  Examples of the multiple types of glass include soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass (heat-resistant glass), lead glass (crystal glass), and quartz glass. These have different refractive indexes of light due to differences in composition.

For example, soda-lime glass contains silicon dioxide as a main component and soda lime as a subcomponent, and the refractive index of light is 1.51.
The borosilicate glass contains silicon dioxide as a main component and boron trioxide or the like as a subcomponent. In the case of Pyrex (registered trademark) glass which is a kind of typical heat-resistant glass as the borosilicate glass, the refractive index of light is 1.472.

Lead glass contains silicon dioxide as a main component and contains lead oxide or the like as a subcomponent, and the refractive index of light has a value of 1.545 or more.
Further, quartz glass is made of silicon dioxide and is made of silicon dioxide that is made by igniting and melting quartz or quartz in an electric furnace, and basically does not contain any subcomponents. Quartz glass has a light refractive index of 1.472.

  Examples of the substantially same color include a colorless and transparent color, but are not limited to a specific color.

  The cell 20 accommodates the identification target 10 together with the immersion liquid 100, and light is projected from the light projecting unit 30 to the cell 20 as shown in FIG. From the viewpoint of efficiently accommodating the identification target 10 in the cell 20, the identification target 10 that is crushed into particles or powder by a crusher can be preferably used. In addition, in FIG. 1, the example in which the identification object 10 was accommodated in the state of the glass particle | grains crushed in this granular form was shown. Moreover, it is preferable that the particle size of the identification target 10 is uniform. When the particle size of the identification target 10 is uniform, the identification target 10 can be packed finely into the cell 20. Further, as will be described later, it is easy to obtain the mixing ratio of the different types of glass 12 and the like.

  FIG. 2 shows a specific configuration example of the cell 20. FIG. 2A is a plan view of the cell 20, and FIG. 2B is a front view of the cell 20. The cell 20 has a predetermined storage space for storing the identification target 10 and has a predetermined optical path length l through which the light projected by the light projecting unit 30 passes. The cell 20 has a cell front plate 21 and a cell rear plate 22 that are arranged at a predetermined interval in order to determine the optical path length l.

  The cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are optically transparent and are parallel flat plates having two planes substantially parallel to each other. The cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are made of a predetermined type of glass plate, and are preferably the same type of glass plate as the specific glass 11. Moreover, it is preferable that the cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 have no scratches on the surfaces and the inner surfaces thereof. This is to prevent light from being refracted due to the presence of scratches.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are each formed in a circular shape. The cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are fitted into a frame 23 and fixed to the frame 23 by a support frame 24. The frame 23 has a recess 23a into which the cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are fitted, and a hole (not shown) penetrating the frame 23 in the front and rear is formed in the center of the recess 23a. ing. The cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 are fitted in the recessed portion 23a, and the accommodation space for the identification target 10 is formed by closing the front and rear of the hole.

In addition, an inlet 26 for accommodating the identification target 10 is formed in the upper part of the frame 23, and the identification target 10 is separated by the frame 23, the cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 through the injection port 26. It is injected into the accommodation space to be configured.
The support frame 24 is formed with a circular light projection window 27 at the center when viewed from the front, and light enters the cell front plate 21 through the light projection window 27.

The optical path length l is preferably about 10 mm to 20 mm, for example.
In addition, when looking at the sorting accuracy (glass homogeneity) of glass cullet or the like that has been sorted in advance by the above-described sorting method, the sampled sample can be used as the identification target 10. In this case, the storage capacity of the cell 20 can be set to about 50 ml to 100 ml, for example.

  As the immersion liquid 100 (see FIG. 3) accommodated in the cell 20 together with the identification target 10, a liquid having a refractive index of light substantially the same as that of the specific glass 11 is used.

  Here, with reference to FIG. 3, the relationship between the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 and the refractive index of the glass grain 10a is demonstrated. FIG. 3 shows a glass particle 10 a immersed in the immersion liquid 100. In addition, although the glass grain 10a is shown in the shape of “rhombus”, this is shown for convenience of explanation, and the actual glass grain 10a does not show such a shape. .

  In the immersion liquid 100, the glass particle 10a has an arrow A if the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 is equal to the refractive index of the glass grain 10a when the incident surface and the exit surface are not arranged in parallel with the incident light. As shown, the incident light goes straight. Therefore, when the immersion liquid 100 having substantially the same refractive index as that of the specific glass 11 is used, the light incident on the specific glass 11 travels straight and the optical path is not deflected.

  On the other hand, when the refractive index of the glass particle 10a is smaller than the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100, the glass particle 10a plays a role like a concave lens, and the incident light is outside the glass particle 10a as shown by an arrow B. The optical path is refracted toward the. On the other hand, when the refractive index of the glass is larger than the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100, the glass particle 10a plays a role like a convex lens, and as shown by an arrow C, the incident light travels toward the inside of the glass particle 10a. Refracts. That is, the light incident on the different glass 12 in the immersion liquid 100 is deflected by passing through the different glass 12 regardless of whether the refractive index is larger or smaller than that of the specific glass 11. .

  However, when the entrance surface and the exit surface are arranged in parallel, the incident light travels straight even if the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 and the refractive index of the glass grain 10a are different. For this reason, in order to identify the different types of glass 12 using the refractive index of light, it is necessary to configure the glass particles 10a in a prismatic polyhedral shape so that the incident surface and the exit surface are not parallel. . For example, when the glass cullet having a thickness (wall thickness) of 1 mm or less is crushed to obtain the glass particles 10a, it is preferable to crush the glass particles so that the particle size of the glass particles is 2 mm or less. By crushing a glass cullet having a thickness of 1 mm or less to 2 mm or less, the glass particles 10 a can be formed into the prismatic polyhedral shape. The particle size of the glass particles 10a refers to the maximum length of the glass particles.

  Moreover, in the above, as the specific glass 11, any one kind of glass can be selected from a plurality of kinds of glasses that may be included in the identification target 10. The predetermined refractive index refers to the refractive index of a specific type of glass selected as the specific glass 11.

  When selecting the specific glass 11, from the viewpoint of identifying the specific glass 11 and the different glass 12 using the difference in the refractive index of light, among the plurality of types of glasses, the ratio contained in the identification target 10 is the highest. It is preferable to select an assumed type of glass as the specific glass 11. Alternatively, a specific type of glass that is desired to be distinguished from other types of glass may be used as the specific glass 11. For example, when the glass cullet, glass particles 10a, glass powder and the like separated as soda-lime glass are to be identified 10, the soda-lime glass is preferably used as the specific glass 11. Further, when it is desired to distinguish soda-lime glass from other types of glass (borosilicate glass, lead glass, quartz glass), it is preferable to use soda-lime glass as the specific glass 11.

Here, it is preferable that an error is 1/100 or less that the refractive index of light is substantially the same. That is, it is preferable that the numerical values of the specific glass 11 and the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 coincide with each other in at least three effective digits.
Thus, by making the refractive index of the specific glass 11 and the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 substantially equal, the amount of light transmitted from the light projecting unit 30 can be maximized even under normal pressure. it can. For this reason, it is not necessary to apply pressure to the cell 20 so that the refractive index of the immersion liquid 100 is equal to the refractive index of the specific glass 11, and the apparatus can be simplified.

  For example, when the specific glass 11 is soda-lime glass, cedar oil (cedar oil; refractive index 1.50), glove oil (clove oil oil; refractive index 1.53), or the like can be preferably used.

  Next, the light projecting unit 30 will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, the light projecting unit 30 projects light onto the cell 20, and preferably projects light with high parallelism onto the cell 20.

  A specific configuration of the light projecting unit 30 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the light projecting unit 30 includes a light source 31 that emits light 31 a having a predetermined wavelength and a parallel light beam optical system 32 that generates a parallel light beam 32 a from the light 31 a emitted from the light source 31. The parallel light beam 32 a generated by the parallel light beam optical system 32 is projected onto the cell 20.

  As the light source 31, since the color of the immersion liquid is yellow to orange, it is preferable to use a light source that emits light in the range of 570 nm to 600 nm. In particular, a sodium lamp that emits light having a wavelength of 589 nm is suitable as the light source 31.

  The parallel beam optical system 32 includes a first parallel beam optical element 33 that generates a parallel beam 33 a from diffused light 31 a emitted from a light source 31 and having a diffusion angle θ, and a parallel beam generated by the first parallel beam optical element 33. A converging optical element 34 that converges the light beam 33a, a diaphragm 35 that is arranged at the focal position of the converging optical element 34, and restricts the light beam 34a at a predetermined magnification, and a parallel light beam 32a is generated again from the light beam 34a that is narrowed by the diaphragm 35. A second parallel light beam optical element 36 is provided. However, the symbol “L” shown in the figure is the optical axis.

  The first parallel light beam optical element 33 and the second parallel light beam optical element 36 can be configured by using a lens or a lens group having a positive power such as a collimating lens, for example.

  The converging optical element 34 can be configured using an optical element having a positive power. Specifically, a condensing lens, a converging lens, a convex lens, or the like can be used.

  As the diaphragm 35, an iris diaphragm that can variably adjust the aperture diameter of the diaphragm 35 can be preferably used. An iris diaphragm is one in which one end of several diaphragm blades is fixed to the fixed ring and the other end is fixed to the rotating ring. When the diaphragm ring is rotated, the rotating ring rotates. The aperture diameter changes.

  The smaller the aperture diameter of the aperture 35 is, the better the parallelism of the light projected onto the cell 20 is, but the amount of light is reduced and the image received by the light receiving unit 40 becomes dark. For this reason, the diameter of the diaphragm diameter of the diaphragm 63 is about 2 mm for practical use of the apparatus.

  When the parallel light flux 32a generated by the light projecting unit 30 having the above configuration is projected onto the cell 20, the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a transmitted through the dissimilar glass 12 out of the light 32a projected onto the cell 20 is the specific glass 11. Is separated from the specific glass transmitted light 11a that has passed through. As described above, the specific glass 11 and the immersion liquid 100 have substantially the same refractive index, whereas the different glass 12 and the immersion liquid 100 have different refractive indexes. This is because the optical path is deflected as described with reference to FIG. However, when the specific glass 11 and the different glass 12 overlap each other on the optical path in the cell 20, even if the light is transmitted through the specific glass 11, the light is deflected by passing through the different glass 12. Is included in the different kind of glass transmitted light 12a. Further, light transmitted through the specific glass 11 after passing through the different glass 12 is also included in the different glass transmitted light 12a.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the light receiving unit 40 includes a specific glass transmitted light detection unit 41 that detects the specific glass transmitted light 11a and a different glass transmitted light detection unit 42, and is different from the specific glass transmitted light 11a that has a different optical path. The light transmitted through the glass 12a is optically separated and received. In this way, the specific glass contained in the identification target 10 is detected by optically separating the specific glass transmitted light 11a and the different glass transmitted light 12a and detecting the specific glass transmitted light 11a and the different glass transmitted light 12a. 11 and different glass 12 can be distinguished.

  The specific glass transmitted light detection unit 41 includes a converging optical element 43 that converges the specific glass transmitted light 11a. The converging optical element 43 is an optical element having a positive power, and specific examples include a condensing lens, a converging lens, and a convex lens. By converging the specific glass transmitted light 11a to a predetermined position by the converging optical element 43, the specific glass transmitted light 11a can be detected at the predetermined position.

  In the present embodiment, the specific glass transmitted light detection unit 41 is arranged in front of the dissimilar glass transmitted light detection unit 42 with respect to the cell 20 (side closer to the cell 20). And the spatial filter which shields the specific glass transmitted light 11a in the convergence position of the specific glass transmitted light 11a by this convergence optical element 43 between this specific glass transmitted light detection part 41 and the different kind | species glass transmitted light detection part 42. 44 (filter) is arranged. As the spatial filter 44, for example, the glass plate 44a having a predetermined area includes a shielding portion 44b in which a material that reflects or absorbs the specific glass transmitted light 11a is applied in a range where the specific glass transmitted light 11a converges as a focal point. Things can be used. By using this spatial filter 44, the specific glass transmitted light 11a can be shielded and the different glass transmitted light 12a can be transmitted.

  On the other hand, the different glass transmitted light detection unit 42 detects the different glass transmitted light 12a separated from the specific glass transmitted light 11a, and has an imaging optical system 45 that forms an image of the different glass transmitted light 12a. . For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the imaging optical system 45 includes a focusing optical element 46 that focuses the different glass transmitted light 12a at a predetermined position to form an image of the different glass transmitted light 12a, and this focusing. A screen 47 on which an image formed by the optical element 46 is projected, and a CCD camera 48 that captures a projected image in a predetermined range via the screen 47 are provided. In the present embodiment, since the specific glass transmitted light 11a is shielded by the spatial filter 44, the different glass transmitted light 12a is projected on the screen 47 as a bright spot.

  For example, a focusing lens, a converging lens, a convex lens, or the like can be used as the focusing optical element 46 that focuses the different glass transmitted light 12a on a predetermined position.

  The screen 47 is disposed at a focusing position (focal position) of the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a by the focusing optical element 46 described above. That is, the position of the screen 47 is variably arranged, and the position of the screen 47, that is, the position (image forming position) where the image of the different glass transmitted light 12a is appropriately formed in accordance with the in-focus position of the image of the different glass transmitted light 12a. It is configured to be able to adjust. The CCD camera 48 is also configured so that the position can be adjusted similarly.

  For example, when the specific glass 11 is soda-lime glass, the refractive index of soda-lime glass is 1.51, whereas the refractive index of borosilicate glass and quartz glass is 1.472, and the lead glass is 1 .545 or more. For this reason, the focusing position of the lead glass having a higher refractive index than the soda lime glass is located on the near side with respect to the focusing position of the borosilicate glass or quartz glass having a lower refractive index than the soda lime glass.

  Therefore, when the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a is projected onto the screen 47, the position of the screen 47 is moved back and forth with respect to the focusing optical element 46, so that the kind of the dissimilar glass 12 can be selected depending on the difference in focusing position. Can be identified.

  However, the screen 47 and the CCD camera 48 can be moved back and forth, for example, by being assembled to a linear guide. The linear guide is a linear motion bearing in which a rail and a carriage are combined.

  In the captured image 200 acquired by the CCD camera 48, as shown in FIG. 5, the dissimilar glass 12 appears as a bright spot 211 or the like in a contour 210 having a predetermined area projected onto the cell 20.

  An image processing device (not shown) or the like may be connected to the CCD camera 48. And it is set as the structure which calculates | requires the ratio of the dissimilar glass 12 contained in the identification object 10 based on the number of the bright spots 211, etc. by analyzing the bright spot 211 which appeared in the captured image 200 in an image processing apparatus, It is good also as a structure which analyzes the kind of different glass 12. However, as the image processing apparatus, for example, a personal computer into which image analysis software for analyzing the captured image 200 captured by the CCD camera 48 is introduced can be used. The captured image 200 may be output to a display or the like included in the image processing apparatus to display the image, or may be configured to be output to a paper medium by a printer or the like and displayed.

  In the present embodiment described above, the identification object 10 in which a plurality of types of glasses having substantially the same color are mixed is immersed in the immersion liquid 100 having substantially the same refractive index as that of the specific glass 11 and accommodated in the cell 20. Since the parallel light beam 32a is projected onto the cell 20 by the light projecting unit 30, the light incident on the specific glass 11 travels straight due to the difference in refractive index in the cell 20, and the light that has passed through the different glass 12 is The optical path is deflected. Thereby, the specific glass transmitted light 11a transmitted through the specific glass 11 and the different glass transmitted light 12a transmitted through the different glass 12 are separated, and the specific glass transmitted light 11a and the different glass transmitted light 12a are detected separately. be able to.

  Moreover, since the specific glass transmitted light detection unit 41 includes the converging optical element 43, the specific glass transmitted light 11a can be converged to a predetermined position by the converging optical element 43. That is, the specific glass transmitted light 11a can be collected at one point (focus) by the converging optical element 43, and the specific glass transmitted light 11a can be detected at one point.

  Further, since the specific glass transmitted light 11a is collected at one point by the converging optical element 43, the spatial filter 44 is a shielding portion in which a material that reflects or absorbs the specific glass transmitted light 11a is applied to the focal position of the specific glass transmitted light 11a. A simple configuration such as a glass plate 44a having 44b can be employed. By disposing the spatial filter 44, the specific glass transmitted light 11 a can be shielded, and the different glass transmitted light 12 a can be detected by the different glass transmitted light detection unit 42 as the bright spot 211 or the like.

  The different glass transmitted light detection unit 42 includes a focusing optical element 46 that focuses the different glass transmitted light 12a. The focusing optical element 46 focuses the different kind of glass transmitted light 12a at a position corresponding to each refractive index, that is, a position corresponding to the type of glass. In this embodiment, a screen 47 and a CCD camera 48 on which the different kind of glass transmitted light 12a is projected are provided, and these positions are configured to be variable. Therefore, by appropriately adjusting the positions of the screen 47 and the CCD camera 48, the different kind of glass transmitted light 12a can be focused, and the different kind of glass 12 can be identified based on the difference in the focus position.

  Therefore, even when the different target glass 12 having the same color is mixed in a granular or powdery form with the glass 10 that has been sorted in advance to a predetermined degree for each type of glass as the identification target 10, the glass identification is performed. The apparatus 1 can be used to detect the different glass 12 mixed in the glass raw material. Further, even if the object to be identified 10 is crushed into a granular or powder form, using the glass identifying device 1, the specific glass 11 and the different glass 12 can be identified, and the type of the identifying glass is identified. You can also.

  Furthermore, when the glass particle 10a and glass powder crushed into a granular material or a powder having a particle diameter of about 1 to 3 mm as a glass raw material are used as the identification target 10, the glass identification device 1 detects mixing of different types of glass 12. It can be used as a different glass detection device. At this time, when the particle sizes of the glass included in the identification target 10 are uniform, the number of images of the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a detected as the bright spot 211 or the like is analyzed by, for example, the above-described image processing apparatus or the like. Thus, the mixing ratio of the different types of glass 12 can be easily calculated.

  In the present embodiment, the light 32a to be projected onto the cell 20 is obtained by converting the parallel light beam 33a generated by the first parallel light beam optical element 33 in the light projecting unit 30 to a predetermined aperture diameter by the converging optical element 34 and the diaphragm 35. Then, the light beam is again made into a parallel light beam 32 a by the second parallel light beam optical element 36. As described above, when the parallel light flux 32a is generated, the light flux 33a is narrowed at least once, so that the parallelism of the light flux 32a projected onto the cell 20 can be further increased. The light area can be further expanded.

  The above-described embodiment is one aspect of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the present invention can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  For example, in the above embodiment, the light receiving unit 40 has been described as projecting the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a onto the screen 47. However, instead of the screen 47, it may be projected onto a glass or the like.

  In the above-described embodiment, the parallel light beam optical system 32 is described as being configured using the first parallel light beam optical element 33, the converging optical element 34, the stop 35, and the second parallel light beam optical element 36. For example, instead of the light projecting unit 30 shown in FIG. 4, a light projecting unit 50 shown in FIG. 6 may be used. The light projecting unit 50 shown in FIG. 6 includes a light source 51 and a parallel light beam optical system 52 for generating a parallel light beam 52a from the diffused light 51a emitted from the light source 51. The parallel beam optical system 52 can be configured using an optical element composed of a lens or a lens group having a positive power, such as a collimating lens, as described above. Further, in place of the light projecting unit 30, a light source (not shown) that emits a light beam having a predetermined wavelength is used, and the light diameter of the light beam is expanded by a beam expander or the like to project the light onto the cell 20. Also good. However, as in the above-described embodiment, when the parallel light beam 32a is generated in the light projecting unit 30, the parallelism of the light projected on the cell 20 is improved when the parallel light beam 33a generated once is narrowed down. .

  In the above embodiment, it has been described that the cell front plate 21 and the cell rear plate 22 provided in the cell 20 are preferably made of the same type of glass plate as the specific glass 11. In the case of a glass plate of a different type, the glass type can be identified by performing blank measurement and performing image processing so as to subtract the difference.

  In the above embodiment, the image projected on the screen 47 has been described as being captured by the CCD camera 48. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a is simply applied to the screen 47 or frosted glass. It is good also as a structure which projects and the operator etc. confirm the luminescent spot etc. based on the dissimilar glass transmitted light 12a visually. In the above embodiment, the image processing apparatus is connected to the CCD camera 48, and the image processing apparatus is configured to identify the ratio, type, and the like of the different types of glass 12 in the identification target 10. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Instead of this, it is a matter of course that an operator or the like may visually identify the ratio of the different glass 12 or the type of the different glass 12 based on the captured image 200 captured by the CCD camera 48.

  Further, for example, when glass particles 10a (or glass powder) as a specific kind of glass raw material are used as the identification object 10, the glass identification result by the glass identification devices 1 and 2 is fed back to the glass cullet separation process. It is good. That is, when mixing of different types of glass 12 is detected by the glass identification device 1, the glass cullet is fed back to the glass cullet sorting stage, and the glass cullet is sorted more precisely, so that the glass with higher homogeneity is obtained. The raw material can be reproduced. For example, when separating granular and powdery glass by the specific gravity sedimentation method, the separation time can be increased by increasing the time for separating into layers in the sediment, or by carefully performing the work when taking out into layers. It can be used as an index for improving the accuracy of.

Claims (4)

From the identification target refraction index different birefringence several glass are mixed, a glass identification apparatus for identifying a heterogeneous glass having a specific glass and other refractive index having a predetermined refractive index,
With immersion liquid having the same refractive index and the predetermined refractive index, comprising a cell for containing the identification target, and a light projecting portion for projecting a parallel light to the cell,
From the cell, the light transmitted through the specific glass is output as parallel light, and the light transmitted through the different glass is deflected in the optical path and output.
A condensing element for condensing the components of parallel light contained in the light that is incident on the light and transmitted through the cell;
A filter that is arranged at a subsequent stage of the light collecting element, shields a component of the parallel light collected by the light collecting element, and transmits a light component whose optical path is deflected by the different glass;
A light detection unit for detecting light transmitted through the filter;
A glass identification device comprising: The light projecting unit includes a light source and a parallel light optical system that collimates the light emitted from the light source, collects the light collimated by the parallel light optical system, passes the light through a diaphragm, Collimating the light that has passed through the aperture and projecting it onto the cell;
The glass identification device according to claim 1 . The light detection unit is
The glass identification device according to claim 1, further comprising an imaging optical system that forms an image of light transmitted through the filter. 4. The glass identification device according to claim 3, wherein the imaging optical system is configured to vary an imaging position according to a refractive index of the different glass.

Images