JP4270837B2 - Novel microorganism, cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent containing the same, and waste oil treatment method using the decomposing agent - Google Patents
Novel microorganism, cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent containing the same, and waste oil treatment method using the decomposing agent Download PDFInfo
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- JP4270837B2 JP4270837B2 JP2002288714A JP2002288714A JP4270837B2 JP 4270837 B2 JP4270837 B2 JP 4270837B2 JP 2002288714 A JP2002288714 A JP 2002288714A JP 2002288714 A JP2002288714 A JP 2002288714A JP 4270837 B2 JP4270837 B2 JP 4270837B2
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- cyclic hydrocarbon
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 title claims description 13
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001337904 Gordonia <angiosperm> Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 29
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 241001657434 Gordonia sp. Species 0.000 description 21
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003808 methanol extraction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910003208 (NH4)6Mo7O24·4H2O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 108020004465 16S ribosomal RNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 101100283604 Caenorhabditis elegans pigk-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 alicyclic hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroform;methanol Chemical compound OC.ClC(Cl)Cl WORJEOGGNQDSOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004045 organic chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012163 sequencing technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588624 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus Species 0.000 description 1
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- 102000002260 Alkaline Phosphatase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004774 Alkaline Phosphatase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100026189 Beta-galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710180684 Beta-hexosaminidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 101710124976 Beta-hexosaminidase A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010007269 Carcinogenicity Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 108010060309 Glucuronidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920002527 Glycogen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003794 Gram staining Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100024295 Maltase-glucoamylase Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000715511 Neisseria gonorrhoeae Catalase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100030122 Protein O-GlcNAcase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710081801 Protein O-GlcNAcase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N Ribose Natural products OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-LMVFSUKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010028144 alpha-Glucosidases Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- AWRMZKLXZLNBBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N esculin Natural products OC1OC(COc2cc3C=CC(=O)Oc3cc2O)C(O)C(O)C1O AWRMZKLXZLNBBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、新規な微生物、特に環状炭化水素分解性を有する微生物、それを含む環状炭化水素分解剤およびそれを用いた環状炭化水素含有物質の処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
内燃機関の潤滑に使用されるエンジンオイル中には、使用に伴い多環芳香族炭化水素が蓄積し、その蓄積量は走行距離に比例して増加することが知られている。多環芳香族炭化水素は、毒性、変異原性、発ガン性など、人体に対して有害な作用を示すことが報告されている。
エンジンオイルには、有機塩素系化合物が含まれるものもある。これを焼却処分した場合には、ダイオキシン類が発生する可能性がある。
このように、エンジンオイルの廃油には、多環芳香族炭化水素や発ガン性物質の他、ダイオキシン類発生につながる有機塩素系化合物を含むことから、焼却処分は不適当である。これに代わる安全な廃エンジンオイル処理法の確立が急務となっている。
従来から、このような廃油を微生物により分解除去しようとするバイオレメディエーションの多数の試みがなされており、短い炭素鎖を有する炭化水素分解菌は得られており、また、その分解は解明されている。しかしながら、芳香族炭化水素を含む環状炭化水素の分解菌によるバイオレメディエーションの実用化はいまだ達成されていない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、効率良く芳香族炭化水素を含む環状炭化水素を分解できる微生物を獲得すること、芳香族炭化水素を含む環状炭化水素分解剤を提供すること、および、該分解剤を用いた廃エンジンオイルの処理方法を提供する点にある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、環状炭化水素、特に、廃エンジンオイルを効率的に分解する微生物を分離することに成功し、本発明を完成した。
本発明の環状炭化水素には、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素および/又は多環芳香族炭化水素を含む。
本発明の第1は、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センター 受託番号FERM P−18806で示されるゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004株に関する。
本発明の第2は、請求項1記載の微生物を含有することを特徴とする環状炭化水素分解剤に関する。
本発明の第3は、請求項2記載の環状炭化水素分解剤を用いることを特徴とする環状炭化水素含有物質の処理方法に関する。
本発明の第4は、前記環状炭化水素含有物質が廃エンジンオイルであることを特徴とする請求項3記載の環状炭化水素含有物質の処理方法に関する。
【0005】
使用済みエンジンオイル中の難分解画分(ナフテン画分)をラパス等の方法で分離した〔A.Lapas et al.,Ind.Eng.Chem.Res.,36,3110〜3115(1997)〕。その画分を次の組成を有する改変W培地の中に1重量%添加した。
<改変W培地の組成>
(NH4)2SO4 2.0g/l
MgSO4 0.2465g/l
FeSO4・7H2O 0.00278g/l
CaCl2・2H2O 0.0147g/l
NaCl 0.5g/l
Na2HPO4・12H2O 14.3204g/l
KH2PO4 5.4436g/l
ZnSO4・7H2O 0.00201g/l
(NH4)6Mo7O24・4H2O 0.00015g/l
CuSO4・5H2O 0.0002g/l
CoCl2・6H2O 0.0004g/l
MnSO4・5H2O 0.00149g/l
ポリペプトン 0.5g/l
イースト エキス 0.25g/l
蒸留水を加えて、全体で1lとした。
pH 7.0
【0006】
次いで、上記改変W培地に兵庫県西宮市の甲子園球場から採取した土壌を0.1g添加後、旺盛に生育する微生物を単コロニー分離した。次に、これら単コロニーをそれぞれ同様の培地に植菌し、30℃で24時間振とう培養して濁度の高い明確な育成を示す菌株を分離し、GR−004とした。
分離された本発明の菌株GR−004について電子顕微鏡観察を行ったところ、0.5〜0.6×2.0〜3.0μmの桿菌であった。
本発明の菌株GR−004は、下記、実施例1に示した微生物の生化学的同定結果および実施例2に示した16SrDNAの同定結果と併せてゴルドニア(Gordonia)属に属すると判定した。そして、ゴルドニア(Gordonia)属に属する従来のゴルドニア(Gordonia) テラエ(terrae)とは生化学的同定結果と同一の結果を示したが、従来のゴルドニア(Gordonia) テラエ(terrae)で環状炭化水素分解活性を示す菌株は、全く知られていないことに対し、本菌株は環状炭化水素分解活性を示すことから、本株菌をゴルドニア(Gordonia)属の新菌株として、ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004と命名した。本菌株は、独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 特許生物寄託センター 受託番号FERM P−18806として寄託されている(寄託日平成14年4月2日、平成14年6月28日記載事項変更届にて、微生物の識別のための表示を変更した。)。
【0007】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれにより何ら限定されるものではない。
【0008】
実施例1
本発明のGR−004株の生化学的同定を行った。各種試験は、Holt,G.,Krieg,N.R.,Sneath,P.H.A.,Staley,J.T.,and Williams,S.T.(ed.):Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology(9版)Williams and Wilkins Co.,Baltimore(1994)に従って実施した。
同定結果を以下に示す。
グラム染色 +
形態 桿菌
カタラーゼテスト +
硝酸塩還元能 +
ピラジナミダーゼ −
ピロリドニルアリルアミダーゼ −
アルカリフォスファターゼ +
β−グルクロニダーゼ −
β−ガラクトシダーゼ +
α−グルコシダーゼ −
N−アセチル−β−グルコサミニダーゼ −
ウレアーゼ −
ゼラチン液化能 −
エスクリン利用能 −
グルコース利用能 −
リボース利用能 −
キシロース利用能 −
マンニトール利用能 −
マルトース利用能 −
ラクトース利用能 −
スクロース利用能 −
グリコーゲン利用能 −
同定結果 Gordonia sp.
なお、上記テストにおいて「+」は陽性、「−」は陰性を示す。
【0009】
実施例2
本発明の菌株を、25℃において、
ポリペプトン 10g/l(1%)
イースト エキス 5g/l(0.5%)
NaCl 5g/l(0.5%)
蒸留水を加えて、全体で1lとした。
pH 7.0
からなるLB培地を用いて1日間培養した後、ゲノム抽出を行い、サーマルサイクラー(Temp・Tronic,G Thermoline社製)でユニバーサルプライマー(20F、1510R)を用いて16SrDNAをコードする塩基配列をPCR(Polymerase Chain Reaction)法により増幅した。得られたPCR産物をQ I Aquic TM PCR Purification Kit(GIAGEN社製)で精製することでテンプレートDNAとした。テンプレートDNAを、Thermo Sequenasepre−mixed cycled sequencing Kit(日立計測器サービス社製)を用いて、サイクルシークエンス PCR法により、再度増幅した。サイクルシークエンス法の反応液組成は、
ATGC各regent 2μm
プライマー(Primer) 2μm
テンプレート(Template) 400〜600mg
滅菌蒸留水 最終25μl
であり、反応条件は、
【表1】
である。
サイクルシークエンス法により得られたサンプルを、エタノール沈殿により精製した。精製物の塩基配列を、DNAシークエンサー(SQ 5000E 日立計測器サービス社製)により解析し、塩基配列の決定をした。
DNAシークエンサーによって解析した結果、本発明菌株の16SrDNAをコードする遺伝子は、配列番号1に示す1344baseの塩基対からなることが確認された。
【0010】
本発明菌株の16SrDNAと相同菌株上位5菌株の16SrDNAの比較結果を表2に示す。
【表2】
この結果、本発明のGR−004株に関しては、ゴルドニア テラエ(Gordonia terrae)とは、99%、98%の相同性を示し、またゴルドニア(Gordonia)sp.とは98%の相同性を示し、GR−004株をゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.と同定することが可能となり、最終的に生化学的同定と併せてゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.であると判断し、かつ、従来ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.について、環状炭化水素分解活性を有することが知られていないことから、GR−004株は新規な菌株であると判断し、ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004とした。
【0011】
実施例3
ここでは、本発明において用いた分解率を算出する方法について説明する。
クロロホルム・メタノール抽出法は、クロロホルムとメタノールを3:1の割合で混合液を作り、計測する培養液にクロロホルム−メタノール混合液を30ml加え、よく攪拌する。次いで、300mlのクロロホルム−メタノール抽出用遠心チューブに入れる。4,000×gで30分間、温度20℃で遠心分離する。上層の水層部分を除去し、中間層と下層を50mlの遠心チューブに移し、10,000×gで10分間遠心分離する。上層と中間層を取り除き、下層のクロロホルム層をあらかじめ重量測定したシャーレに5ml入れ、室温で24時間乾燥させる。クロロホルムを乾燥させ除去し終わったシャーレの重量を測定する。比較のために、菌株を植菌していないサンプルを用いこれをコントロールとした。
測定した数値を下記式に入れ分解率を求めた。
分解率(%)={1−(サンプル乾燥重量/コントロール乾燥重量)}×100
【0012】
ガスクロマトグラフィーによる分解率の算出方法は、サンプルをガスクロマトグラフィー解析し、クロマトグラムの総ピーク面積の減少量から分解率を算出した。分解率は次式から算出した。
分解率(%)={1−(残存油分のピーク面積/コントロールのピーク面積)}×100
<ガスクロマトグラフィー設定条件>
ガスクロマトグラフィーはHITACHI G−3500を用いた。
【0013】
また、実験に使用した各培地の組成を下記に示す。
前培養の培地はすべてLB培地を用いた。
使用済みエンジンオイル(廃油)の分解には改変W培地を用いた。
長鎖パラフィンの分解にはW培地を用いた。
長鎖ナフテン分解は改変W培地を用いた。
A重油の分解は改変SW培地を用いた。
標品炭化水素の分解は改変W培地を用いた。
【0014】
<培地組成>
LB培地は前記記載の通り。
W培地
(NH4)2SO4 2.0g/l
MgSO4 0.2465g/l
FeSO4・7H2O 0.00278g/l
CaCl2・2H2O 0.0147g/l
NaCl 0.5g/l
Na2HPO4・12H2O 14.3204g/l
KH2PO4 5.4436g/l
ZnSO4・7H2O 0.00201g/l
(NH4)6Mo7O24・4H2O 0.00015g/l
CuSO4・5H2O 0.0002g/l
CoCl2・6H2O 0.0004g/l
MnSO4・5H2O 0.00149g/l
蒸留水を加えて、全体で1lとした。
pH 7.0
改変W培地は前記記載の通り。
【0015】
改変SW培地
NH4NO3 1.212g/l
MgSO4 0.2465g/l
FeSO4・7H2O 0.00278g/l
CaCl2・2H2O 0.0147g/l
NaCl 0.5g/l
Na2HPO4・12H2O 14.3204g/l
KH2PO4 5.4436g/l
ZnSO4・7H2O 0.00201g/l
(NH4)6Mo7O24・4H2O 0.00015g/l
CuSO4・5H2O 0.0002g/l
CoCl2・6H2O 0.0004g/l
MnSO4・5H2O 0.00149g/l
ポリペプトン 0.5g/l
イースト エキス 0.25g/l
蒸留水を加えて、全体で1lとした。
pH 7.0
【0016】
実施例4 〔使用済み自動車エンジンオイル(廃油)の分解〕
LB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで20時間振とう培養を行ったものを前培養とした。500mlの溝付きフラスコに改変W培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよび使用済み自動車エンジンオイル(廃油)を1g加え、30℃、120rpm、72時間振とう培養を行った。培養後、クロロホルム・メタノール抽出法により残存油分を抽出した。残存油の重量から実施例3に示した式を用いて分解率を算出した。
ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004による72時間後の使用済み自動車エンジンオイル(廃油)の分解率は52.0%であった。
【0017】
実施例5 (長鎖パラフィンの分解)
LB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで20時間振とう培養を行ったものを前培養とした。500mlの溝付きフラスコにW培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよび長鎖パラフィンを0.1g加え、30℃、120rpm、72時間振とう培養を行った。培養後、クロロホルム・メタノール抽出法により残存油分を抽出した。残存油の重量から実施例3に示した式を用いて分解率を算出した。
ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004による72時間後の長鎖パラフィンの分解率は88%であった。
【0018】
実施例6 (長鎖ナフテンの分解)
LB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで20時間振とう培養を行ったものを前培養とした。500mlの溝付きフラスコに改変W培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよび長鎖ナフテンを1g加え、30℃、120rpm、72時間振とう培養を行った。培養後、クロロホルム・メタノール抽出法により残存油分を抽出した。残存油の重量から実施例3に示した式を用いて分解率を算出した。
ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004による72時間後の長鎖ナフテンの分解率は52%であった。
【0019】
実施例7 (A重油の分解)
LB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで20時間振とう培養を行ったものを前培養とした。500mlの溝付きフラスコに改変SW培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよびA重油を1g加え、30℃、120rpm、72時間振とう培養を行った。培養後、ガスクロマトグラフィー解析した。クロマトグラムの総ピーク面積の減少量から分解率を算出した。実施例3に示した式を用いて分解率を算出した。ゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004による72時間後のA重油の分解率は21.9%であった。ただし、この培養で、A重油中の30%程度の揮発性アルカン等が揮発したため、A重油の分解率は、比較的揮発しにくい、または揮発しない成分の分解率を示している。
【0020】
実施例8 (標品炭化水素の分解)
実施例3に記載したLB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで12時間振とう培養を行ったものを前培養とした。500mlの溝付きフラスコに改変W培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよび標準パラフィンまたは標準ナフテンをそれぞれ0.1g加え、30℃、120rpm、48時間振とう培養を行った。培養後、クロロホルム・メタノール抽出法により残存油分を抽出しガスクロマトグラフィー解析した。クロマトグラムの総ピーク面積の減少から分解率を実施例3に示した式を用いて算出した。
【0021】
実施例9 〔エンジンオイル廃油分解についてのゴルドニア(Gordonia)sp.GR−004と既知の炭化水素分解菌との比較〕
LB培地5mlにゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004を試験管に植菌し、30℃、200rpmで12時間前培養した。500mlの溝付きフラスコに改変W培地100ml、前記前培養液1mlおよびエンジンオイル廃油1gを添加して、30℃、120rpmで72時間培養した。
培養後の残存油分をクロロホルム・メタノール抽出法で抽出し、残存油分の乾燥重量を測定した。菌株を植菌せずに同様に振とうしたものとの重量比から、実施例3に示した式を用いて分解率を算出した。既知の炭化水素分解菌(登録菌株)についても同様の実験を実施しその分解率を算出した。その結果を以下に示す。
各菌株のエンジンオイル廃油分解率
菌株 廃油分解率(%)
Gordonia sp. GR‐004 52.0
既知の炭化水素分解菌(登録菌株)
Psedomonas putida JCM618 2.6±1.1
Psedomonas citronellolis ATCC13674 5.1±1.6
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC31012 7.0±1.1
Yarrowia lipolitica ATCC34922 8.9±1.2
この結果、本発明のゴルドニア(Gordonia) sp.GR−004は、既知の炭化水素分解菌(登録菌株)と比較して、非常に高いエンジンオイル廃油分解能を有することが明らかとなった。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水素および/又は多環芳香族炭化水素からなる環状炭化水素分解活性を有する微生物、該微生物を含有する環状炭化水素分解剤およびそれを用いる廃エンジンオイルの処理法を提供することができた。
【0023】
【配列表】
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel microorganism, particularly a microorganism having cyclic hydrocarbon decomposability, a cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent containing the same, and a method for treating a cyclic hydrocarbon-containing substance using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is known that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons accumulate in engine oil used for lubrication of internal combustion engines, and the accumulated amount increases in proportion to the travel distance. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons have been reported to exhibit harmful effects on the human body such as toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity.
Some engine oils contain organochlorine compounds. If this is incinerated, dioxins may be generated.
Thus, incineration disposal is unsuitable because waste oil of engine oil contains polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons and carcinogenic substances as well as organochlorine compounds that lead to the generation of dioxins. There is an urgent need to establish a safe waste engine oil treatment method to replace this.
Conventionally, many attempts have been made for bioremediation to decompose and remove such waste oil by microorganisms, hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria having a short carbon chain have been obtained, and the decomposition has been elucidated. . However, practical application of bioremediation by decomposing bacteria of cyclic hydrocarbons including aromatic hydrocarbons has not yet been achieved.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to obtain a microorganism capable of efficiently decomposing a cyclic hydrocarbon containing an aromatic hydrocarbon, to provide a cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent containing an aromatic hydrocarbon, and using the decomposing agent The object is to provide a method for treating waste engine oil.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have succeeded in separating microorganisms that efficiently decompose cyclic hydrocarbons, particularly waste engine oil, and have completed the present invention.
The cyclic hydrocarbon of the present invention includes an alicyclic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon and / or a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon.
A first aspect of the present invention is the Gordonia sp. Shown by the Patent Organism Depositary, Accession Number FERM P-18806. Regarding the GR-004 strain .
A second aspect of the present invention relates to a cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent comprising the microorganism according to claim 1 .
A third aspect of the present invention relates to a method for treating a cyclic hydrocarbon-containing substance, wherein the cyclic hydrocarbon decomposer according to claim 2 is used.
A fourth aspect of the present invention relates to the method for treating a cyclic hydrocarbon-containing material according to claim 3 , wherein the cyclic hydrocarbon-containing material is waste engine oil.
[0005]
The hardly decomposed fraction (naphthene fraction) in the used engine oil was separated by a method such as La Paz [A. Lapas et al. , Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 36, 3110-3115 (1997)]. The fraction was added at 1% by weight into a modified W medium having the following composition.
<Composition of modified W medium>
(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 2.0 g / l
MgSO 4 0.2465 g / l
FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00278g / l
CaCl 2 · 2H 2 O 0.0147 g / l
NaCl 0.5g / l
Na 2 HPO 4 · 12H 2 O 14.3204g / l
KH 2 PO 4 5.4436 g / l
ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00201 g / l
(NH 4) 6 Mo 7 O 24 · 4H 2 O 0.00015g / l
CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.0002g / l
CoCl 2 · 6H 2 O 0.0004g / l
MnSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.00149g / l
Polypeptone 0.5g / l
Yeast extract 0.25g / l
Distilled water was added to make a total of 1 liter.
pH 7.0
[0006]
Subsequently, 0.1 g of soil collected from Koshien Stadium in Nishinomiya City, Hyogo Prefecture was added to the modified W medium, and single colonies were isolated from vigorously growing microorganisms. Next, each of these single colonies was inoculated in the same medium and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C. for 24 hours to isolate a strain exhibiting clear growth with high turbidity and designated as GR-004.
The isolated strain GR-004 of the present invention was observed with an electron microscope and found to be 0.5-0.6 × 2.0-3.0 μm bacilli.
The strain GR-004 of the present invention was determined to belong to the genus Gordonia together with the biochemical identification results of microorganisms shown in Example 1 and the identification results of 16S rDNA shown in Example 2 below. The conventional Gordonia terae belonging to the genus Gordonia has the same result as the biochemical identification result, but the cyclic hydrocarbon decomposition in the conventional Gordonia The strain showing activity is not known at all, whereas this strain shows cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing activity. Therefore, this strain is designated as a new strain belonging to the genus Gordonia, and Gordonia sp. It was named GR-004. This strain has been deposited as an independent administrative agency, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Patent Biological Depositary, Deposit Number FERM P-18806 (Deposit Dates April 2, 2002, June 28, 2002) Changed the indication for identifying microorganisms.)
[0007]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0008]
Example 1
Biochemical identification of the GR-004 strain of the present invention was performed. Various tests are described in Holt, G. et al. , Krieg, N .; R. Sneath, P .; H. A. , Staley, J .; T.A. , And Williams, S .; T.A. (Ed.): Bergey's manual of deterministic bacteria (9th edition) Williams and Wilkins Co. , Baltimore (1994).
The identification results are shown below.
Gram staining +
Form Neisseria gonorrhoeae catalase test +
Nitrate reducing ability +
Pyrazinamidase −
Pyrrolidonyl allylamidase −
Alkaline phosphatase +
β-glucuronidase −
β-galactosidase +
α-Glucosidase −
N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase −
Urease −
Gelatin liquefaction ability −
Esculin availability −
Glucose utilization capacity −
Ribose availability −
Xylose availability −
Mannitol availability −
Maltose availability −
Lactose availability −
Sucrose availability −
Glycogen availability −
Identification results Gordonia sp.
In the above test, “+” indicates positive and “−” indicates negative.
[0009]
Example 2
The strain of the present invention at 25 ° C.
Polypeptone 10g / l (1%)
Yeast extract 5g / l (0.5%)
NaCl 5 g / l (0.5%)
Distilled water was added to make a total of 1 liter.
pH 7.0
After culturing for 1 day using an LB medium consisting of the following, genome extraction was performed, and the base sequence encoding 16S rDNA was PCR-encoded using a thermal cycler (Temp. Amplified by the Polymerase Chain Reaction method. The obtained PCR product was purified with Q I Aqua ™ PCR Purification Kit (manufactured by GIAGEN) to obtain a template DNA. The template DNA was amplified again by cycle sequence PCR method using Thermo Sequenase pre-mixed cycled sequencing Kit (manufactured by Hitachi Instrument Service). The reaction solution composition of the cycle sequence method is
ATGC each regent 2μm
Primer 2μm
Template 400-600mg
Sterile distilled water Final 25μl
And the reaction conditions are
[Table 1]
It is.
A sample obtained by the cycle sequencing method was purified by ethanol precipitation. The base sequence of the purified product was analyzed with a DNA sequencer (SQ 5000E manufactured by Hitachi Instrument Service Co., Ltd.), and the base sequence was determined.
As a result of analysis by a DNA sequencer, it was confirmed that the gene encoding 16S rDNA of the strain of the present invention was composed of 1344 base base pairs shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.
[0010]
Table 2 shows a comparison result of 16SrDNA of the strain of the present invention and 16SrDNA of the top 5 homologous strains.
[Table 2]
As a result, regarding the GR-004 strain of the present invention, it showed 99% and 98% homology with Gordonia terae, and Gordonia sp. Shows 98% homology, and the GR-004 strain was designated as Gordonia sp. And finally Gordonia sp. In combination with biochemical identification. And the conventional Gordonia sp. Therefore, the GR-004 strain was judged to be a novel strain, and Gordonia sp. GR-004.
[0011]
Example 3
Here, a method for calculating the decomposition rate used in the present invention will be described.
In the chloroform / methanol extraction method, a mixture of chloroform and methanol is prepared at a ratio of 3: 1, and 30 ml of a chloroform-methanol mixture is added to the culture medium to be measured and stirred well. Then, it is placed in a 300 ml chloroform-methanol extraction centrifuge tube. Centrifuge at 4,000 × g for 30 minutes at a temperature of 20 ° C. The upper aqueous layer portion is removed, and the intermediate layer and the lower layer are transferred to a 50 ml centrifuge tube and centrifuged at 10,000 × g for 10 minutes. The upper layer and the intermediate layer are removed, and the lower chloroform layer is placed in a petri dish previously weighed and dried at room temperature for 24 hours. Measure the weight of the petri dish after drying and removing the chloroform. For comparison, a sample not inoculated with the strain was used as a control.
The measured numerical value was put into the following formula to determine the decomposition rate.
Decomposition rate (%) = {1− (sample dry weight / control dry weight)} × 100
[0012]
As a method for calculating the decomposition rate by gas chromatography, the sample was analyzed by gas chromatography, and the decomposition rate was calculated from the amount of decrease in the total peak area of the chromatogram. The decomposition rate was calculated from the following equation.
Decomposition rate (%) = {1− (peak area of residual oil / peak area of control)} × 100
<Gas chromatography setting conditions>
HITACHI G-3500 was used for gas chromatography.
[0013]
The composition of each medium used in the experiment is shown below.
The LB medium was used as the preculture medium.
A modified W medium was used for decomposing used engine oil (waste oil).
W medium was used for the degradation of long-chain paraffin.
Modified W medium was used for long-chain naphthene degradation.
A modified SW medium was used for decomposition of A heavy oil.
The modified hydrocarbon medium was used for decomposition of the standard hydrocarbon.
[0014]
<Medium composition>
LB medium is as described above.
W medium (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 2.0 g / l
MgSO 4 0.2465 g / l
FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00278g / l
CaCl 2 · 2H 2 O 0.0147 g / l
NaCl 0.5g / l
Na 2 HPO 4 · 12H 2 O 14.3204g / l
KH 2 PO 4 5.4436 g / l
ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00201 g / l
(NH 4) 6 Mo 7 O 24 · 4H 2 O 0.00015g / l
CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.0002g / l
CoCl 2 · 6H 2 O 0.0004g / l
MnSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.00149g / l
Distilled water was added to make a total of 1 liter.
pH 7.0
The modified W medium is as described above.
[0015]
Modified SW medium NH 4 NO 3 1.212 g / l
MgSO 4 0.2465 g / l
FeSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00278g / l
CaCl 2 · 2H 2 O 0.0147 g / l
NaCl 0.5g / l
Na 2 HPO 4 · 12H 2 O 14.3204g / l
KH 2 PO 4 5.4436 g / l
ZnSO 4 · 7H 2 O 0.00201 g / l
(NH 4) 6 Mo 7 O 24 · 4H 2 O 0.00015g / l
CuSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.0002g / l
CoCl 2 · 6H 2 O 0.0004g / l
MnSO 4 · 5H 2 O 0.00149g / l
Polypeptone 0.5g / l
Yeast extract 0.25g / l
Distilled water was added to make a total of 1 liter.
pH 7.0
[0016]
Example 4 [Decomposition of used automobile engine oil (waste oil)]
In 5 ml of LB medium, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and subjected to shaking culture at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 20 hours as a preculture. A 500 ml grooved flask was added with 100 ml of modified W medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 1 g of used automobile engine oil (waste oil), and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C., 120 rpm for 72 hours. After culturing, residual oil was extracted by chloroform / methanol extraction. The decomposition rate was calculated from the weight of the residual oil using the formula shown in Example 3.
Gordonia sp. The decomposition rate of used automobile engine oil (waste oil) after 72 hours according to GR-004 was 52.0%.
[0017]
Example 5 (Decomposition of long-chain paraffin)
In 5 ml of LB medium, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and subjected to shaking culture at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 20 hours as a preculture. A 500 ml grooved flask was added with 100 ml of W medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 0.1 g of long-chain paraffin, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C., 120 rpm for 72 hours. After culturing, residual oil was extracted by chloroform / methanol extraction. The decomposition rate was calculated from the weight of the residual oil using the formula shown in Example 3.
Gordonia sp. The degradation rate of long-chain paraffin after 72 hours by GR-004 was 88%.
[0018]
Example 6 (Decomposition of long-chain naphthene)
In 5 ml of LB medium, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and subjected to shaking culture at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 20 hours as a preculture. A 500 ml grooved flask was added with 100 ml of the modified W medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 1 g of long-chain naphthene, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C., 120 rpm for 72 hours. After culturing, residual oil was extracted by chloroform / methanol extraction. The decomposition rate was calculated from the weight of the residual oil using the formula shown in Example 3.
Gordonia sp. The degradation rate of long-chain naphthenes after 72 hours with GR-004 was 52%.
[0019]
Example 7 (Decomposition of A heavy oil)
In 5 ml of LB medium, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and subjected to shaking culture at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 20 hours as a preculture. A 500 ml grooved flask was added with 100 ml of the modified SW medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 1 g of heavy oil A, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C., 120 rpm for 72 hours. After the culture, gas chromatography analysis was performed. The decomposition rate was calculated from the decrease in the total peak area of the chromatogram. The decomposition rate was calculated using the formula shown in Example 3. Gordonia sp. The degradation rate of heavy oil A after 72 hours by GR-004 was 21.9%. However, since about 30% of volatile alkanes in the heavy oil A volatilized in this culture, the decomposition rate of heavy oil A indicates the decomposition rate of components that are relatively difficult to volatilize or do not volatilize.
[0020]
Example 8 (Decomposition of standard hydrocarbons)
In 5 ml of the LB medium described in Example 3, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and subjected to shaking culture at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 12 hours as a preculture. A 500 ml grooved flask was added with 100 ml of modified W medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 0.1 g of standard paraffin or standard naphthene, respectively, and cultured with shaking at 30 ° C., 120 rpm for 48 hours. After culturing, the residual oil was extracted by chloroform / methanol extraction and analyzed by gas chromatography. The decomposition rate was calculated from the decrease in the total peak area of the chromatogram using the formula shown in Example 3.
[0021]
Example 9 [Gordonia sp. For engine oil waste oil decomposition. Comparison between GR-004 and known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria]
In 5 ml of LB medium, Gordonia sp. GR-004 was inoculated into a test tube and pre-cultured at 30 ° C. and 200 rpm for 12 hours. To a 500 ml grooved flask, 100 ml of modified W medium, 1 ml of the preculture solution and 1 g of engine oil waste oil were added, and cultured at 30 ° C. and 120 rpm for 72 hours.
The residual oil after the culture was extracted by a chloroform / methanol extraction method, and the dry weight of the residual oil was measured. The degradation rate was calculated using the formula shown in Example 3 from the weight ratio of the strain that was similarly shaken without inoculating the strain. A similar experiment was performed for known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (registered strains), and the degradation rate was calculated. The results are shown below.
Engine oil waste oil decomposition rate of each strain Strain Waste oil decomposition rate (%)
Gordonia sp. GR‐004 52.0
Known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (registered strains)
Psedomonas putida JCM618 2.6 ± 1.1
Psedomonas citronellolis ATCC13674 5.1 ± 1.6
Acinetobacter calcoaceticus ATCC31012 7.0 ± 1.1
Yarrowia lipolitica ATCC34922 8.9 ± 1.2
As a result, the Gordonia sp. It became clear that GR-004 has very high engine oil waste oil decomposability compared with known hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria (registered strain).
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a microorganism having a cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing activity comprising an alicyclic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon and / or a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, a cyclic hydrocarbon decomposing agent containing the microorganism, and a waste engine using the same An oil processing method could be provided.
[0023]
[Sequence Listing]
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