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JP4272437B2 - High carbon steel rail manufacturing method - Google Patents
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JP4272437B2 - High carbon steel rail manufacturing method - Google Patents

High carbon steel rail manufacturing method Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4272437B2
JP4272437B2 JP2003011701A JP2003011701A JP4272437B2 JP 4272437 B2 JP4272437 B2 JP 4272437B2 JP 2003011701 A JP2003011701 A JP 2003011701A JP 2003011701 A JP2003011701 A JP 2003011701A JP 4272437 B2 JP4272437 B2 JP 4272437B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
rail
steel
steel slab
rolling
mass
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JP2003011701A
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JP2004223531A (en
Inventor
正治 上田
公一郎 松下
和夫 藤田
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Priority to JP2003011701A priority Critical patent/JP4272437B2/en
Application filed by Nippon Steel Corp filed Critical Nippon Steel Corp
Priority to CA2749503A priority patent/CA2749503C/en
Priority to CA2451147A priority patent/CA2451147C/en
Priority to BRPI0304718A priority patent/BRPI0304718B1/en
Priority to HK05101368.7A priority patent/HK1068926B/en
Priority to US10/482,753 priority patent/US20040187981A1/en
Priority to CNB03800576XA priority patent/CN1304618C/en
Priority to AU2003236273A priority patent/AU2003236273B2/en
Priority to EP11175030A priority patent/EP2388352A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2003/004364 priority patent/WO2003085149A1/en
Priority to EP03745927A priority patent/EP1493831A4/en
Publication of JP2004223531A publication Critical patent/JP2004223531A/en
Priority to US11/780,166 priority patent/US7972451B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の加熱条件の適正化を図り、圧延時の鋼片の割れや破断を防止し、さらに、鋼片外表面部の脱炭を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することを目的とした高炭素鋼レールの製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、海外の石炭や鉄鉱石を輸送する重荷重鉄道や国内の貨物鉄道では、より一層の鉄道輸送の高効率化のために、貨物の高積載化を強力に進めており、特に急曲線のレールでは、G.C.部や頭側部の耐摩耗性が十分確保できず、摩耗によるレール寿命の低下が問題となってきた。このような背景から、現状の共析炭素含有の高強度レール以上の耐摩耗性を有するレールの開発が求められるようになってきた。
【0003】
この問題を解決するため、本発明者らは下記に示すようなレールを開発した。
▲1▼過共析鋼(C:0.85%超〜1.20%)を用いて、パーライト組織中のラメラ中のセメンタイト密度を増加させた耐摩耗性に優れたレール(特許文献1)。
▲2▼過共析鋼(C:0.85超〜1.20%)を用いて、パーライト組織中のラメラ中のセメンタイト密度を増加させ、同時に、頭部を熱処理することにより硬さを制御した、耐摩耗性に優れたレールおよびその製造法(特許文献2)。
これらのレールの特徴は、鋼の炭素量を増加し、パーライトラメラ中のセメタイト相の体積比率を増加させ、硬さや組織を制御することにより、パーライト組織の耐摩耗性を向上させるものであった。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−144016号公報)
【特許文献2】
特開平8−246100号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記の▲1▼に示されたパーライト組織を呈する発明レール鋼では、高炭素化により耐摩耗性の向上が図れる。しかし、上記の発明レール鋼は、現行の共析炭素含有(C:0.80%)の高強度レール鋼よりも炭素量が高いため、圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、加熱温度の選択が不適切であると、鋼片の一部が溶融状態となり、1)圧延中に鋼片に割れが発生し、鋼片が破断することや、さらに、2)最終圧延後のレールに割れが残留することにより、製品の歩留まりが著しく低下すると言った問題があった。
【0006】
また、圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、加熱時の保持時間の選択が不適切であると、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭が促進され、最終圧延後のレール外表面部のパーライト組織の炭素量や硬さが低下し、レール頭部の耐摩耗性が損なわれ、さらには、レールの疲労強度が低下しやすいといった問題があった。
【0007】
このような背景から、高炭素含有のレール鋼において、圧延時の鋼片の割れを防止し、さらに、レール外表面部の脱炭を抑制することにより、耐摩耗性や疲労強度の低下を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造する高炭素鋼レールの製造方法の開発が求められていた。
【0008】
すなわち、本発明は、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度やある一定温度以上に加熱される時間の適正化を図り、圧延時の鋼片の割れや破断を防止し、さらに、レール外表面部の脱炭を抑制することにより、耐摩耗性や疲労強度の低下を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することを目的としたものである。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記目的を達成するものであって、その要旨とするところは次の通りである。
質量%で、C:0.90〜1.40%を含有するレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度(Tmax;℃)が鋼レールの炭素含有量からなる下式で示される値(CT)に対して、Tmax≦CTとなり、かつ、鋼片が1100℃以上に加熱される保持時間(Mmax;min)が鋼レールの炭素含有量からなる下式で示される値(CM)に対して、Mmax≦CMとなる鋼片の加熱を行うことを特徴とした高炭素鋼レールの製造方法。
CT=1500−140(〔mass%C〕)−80(〔mass%C〕)
CM=600−120(〔mass%C〕)−60(〔mass%C〕)
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明について詳細に説明する。
まず、本発明者らは、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を再加熱し、熱間圧延を行う工程において、鋼片に割れが発生する原因について調査を行った。その結果、鋼片の割れは、鋼片の加熱温度が最も高い外表面近傍の凝固組織の偏析部において、鋼片の一部が溶融し、これが圧延により開口することで発生していること。さらに、この割れの発生は、鋼片の最高加熱温度が高いほど、また、鋼片の炭素量が高いほど発生しやすいことが明らかとなった。
【0011】
そこで、本発明者らは、割れの原因である部分的な溶融が発生する鋼片の最高加熱温度と鋼片の炭素量の関係を実験により検討した。その結果、鋼片の部分的な溶融が発生する最高加熱温度は、下記(1式)に示す鋼片の炭素量(mass%)を用いた2次式で表すことができ、鋼片の最高加熱温度(Tmax;℃)をこの2次式から求められるCT値以下に制御することにより、再加熱状態での鋼片の部分的な溶融やこれにともなう熱間圧延時の割れや破断が防止できることを見出した。
CT=1500−140(〔mass%C〕)−80(〔mass%C〕)2 ・・・・・1
【0012】
次に、本発明者らは、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭が促進される要因を解析した。その結果、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭は、鋼片を再加熱する際の温度やその保持時間、さらには、鋼片の炭素量に大きく影響されていることがわかった。
そこで、本発明者らは、鋼片を再加熱する際の温度やその保持時間、さらには、鋼片の炭素量と鋼片外表面部の脱炭量の関係を明らかにした。その結果、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭量は、ある一定温度以上に保持される時間が長いほど、さらに、鋼片の炭素量が高いほど促進されることがわかった。
【0013】
さらに本発明者らは、鋼片の炭素量と最終圧延後のレールの諸特性が低下しない鋼片の再加熱時における保持時間の関係を実験により検討した。その結果、鋼片の保持時間は、再加熱温度1100℃以上を基準とした場合、下記(2式)に示す鋼片の炭素量(mass%)を用いた2次式で表すことができ、鋼片の再加熱時間(Mmax;min)をこの2次式から求められるCM値以下に制御することにより、鋼片外表面部のパーライト組織の炭素量や硬さの低下が抑制され、最終圧延後のレールの耐摩耗性や疲労強度の低下が抑制できることを見出した。
CM=600−120(〔mass%C〕)−60(〔mass%C〕)2 ・・・・・・2
【0014】
したがって、本発明では、高炭素含有のレール鋼において、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度や、ある一定温度以上に加熱される保持時間の適正化を図り、鋼片の部分的な溶融を防止しすることにより、熱間圧延時の割れや破断を防止し、さらに、レール外表面部の脱炭を抑制することにより、耐摩耗性や疲労強度の低下を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールが製造できること知見した。
すなわち、本発明は、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の部分的な溶融を防止し、さらに、鋼片外表面部の脱炭を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することを目的とした高炭素鋼レールの製造方法に関するものである。
【0015】
次に、本発明の限定理由について詳細に説明する。
(1)鋼レールの化学成分の限定理由
請求項1において、レール鋼の炭素量を上記請求範囲に限定した理由について詳細に説明する。
Cは、パーライト変態を促進させて、かつ、耐摩耗性を確保する有効な元素である。C量が0.90%未満では、パーライト組織中のセメンタイト相の体積比率が確保できず、耐摩耗性が維持できない。また、C量が0.90%未満では、鋼片を熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、上記限定の温度制御を行わなくても、鋼片の部分的な溶融やこれにともなう熱間圧延時の割れや破断が発生し難く、鋼片の外表面部において脱炭が発生した場合においても、最終圧延後のレールの耐摩耗性や疲労強度が低下し難い。したがって、本発明の製造方法を適用しても十分な効果が得られない。また、C量が1.40%を超えると、本発明の製造方法を適用しても、鋼片の部分的な溶融や圧延時の微小な割れの発生を抑制することが困難である。さらに、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭が促進され、最終圧延後のレールの耐摩耗性や疲労強度が著しく低下する。このため、C量を0.90〜1.40%に限定した。
【0016】
なお、熱間圧延を施したレールは、▲1▼高硬度化による耐摩耗性の向上、▲2▼疲労き裂や脆性き裂の発生に有害な初析セメンタイト組織の生成を防止し、耐摩耗性の高いパーライト組織を安定的に生成させるため、高温度の熱を保有するレール頭部に加速冷却を施すこと場合もある。
また、本発明製造方法において、鋼片の成分系については、上記の炭素量以外については、特に限定するものではないが、圧延したレールのパーライト組織の硬度(強化)の向上、パーライト組織の延性や靭性の向上、溶接部の熱影響部の軟化の防止、レール頭部内部の断面硬度分布の制御、初析セメンタイト組織の生成抑制を図る目的で、必要に応じて、Si,Mn,Cr,Mo,V,Nb,B,Co,Cu,Ni,Ti,Mg,Ca,Al,Zr,N等の元素を1種または2種以上を含有する成分系が望ましい。
【0017】
上記のような成分組成で構成されるレール鋼は、転炉、電気炉などの通常使用される溶解炉で溶製を行い、この溶鋼を造塊・分塊あるいは連続鋳造により鋼片を製造する。さらに、この鋼片を再加熱し、熱間圧延を施すことによりレールとして製造される。
【0018】
(2)熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程における鋼片の最大加熱温度(Tmax;℃)の限定理由について
請求項1において、レール圧延用鋼片に熱間圧延を行う際の再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度(Tmax;℃)を、鋼レールの炭素含有量から求められるCT値以下に限定した理由について詳細に説明する。
高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片に部分的な溶融が発生し、熱間圧延を行う際に、鋼片に割れが発生する要因を実験により調査した。その結果、鋼片の最高加熱温度が高いほど、また、鋼片の炭素量が高いほど、再加熱時に鋼片に部分的な溶融が発生し、圧延時に割れが発生し易いことを確認した。
そこで、鋼片の炭素量と鋼片も部分的な溶融が発生する最高加熱温度との関係を重相関により求めた。以下にその相関式(1式)を示す。
CT=1500−140(〔mass%C〕)−80(〔mass%C〕)2 ・・・・・・1
【0019】
したがって、1式は実験回帰式であり、鋼片の最高加熱温度(Tmax;℃)を鋼片の炭素量を用いた2次式から求められるCT値以下に制御することにより、再加熱時の鋼片の部分的な溶融やこれにともなう圧延時の鋼片の割れや破断を防止することができる。
【0020】
(3)熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程における鋼片の加熱保持時間(Mmax;min)の限定理由について
請求項1において、レール圧延用鋼片に熱間圧延を行う際の再加熱工程において、鋼片が1100℃以上に加熱される保持時間(Mmax;min)を、鋼レールの炭素含有量から求められるCM値以下に限定した理由について詳細に説明する。
高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の外表面部の脱炭量が増加する要因を実験により調査した。その結果、ある一定温度以上に保持される時間が長いほど、さらに、鋼片の炭素量が高いほど、再加熱時に脱炭が促進されることがわかった。
そこで、鋼片の脱炭が著しい再加熱温度1100℃以上の温度域において、鋼片の炭素量と最終圧延後のレールの諸特性が低下しない鋼片の加熱保持時間の関係を重相関により求めた。以下にその相関式(2式)を示す。
CM=600−120(〔mass%C〕)−60(〔mass%C〕)2 ・・・・・・2
【0021】
したがって、2式は実験回帰式であり、鋼片の再加熱温度1100℃以上の温度域において、加熱保持時間(Mmax;min)をこの2次式から求められるCM値以下に制御することにより、鋼片外表面部のパーライト組織の炭素量や硬さの低下が抑制され、最終圧延後のレールの耐摩耗性や疲労強度の低下が抑制できる。
なお、加熱保持時間(Mmax;min)の下限値については、特に限定しないが、鋼片を均一に熟熱させ、レール圧延時の成形性を確保する観点から、250min以上とすることが望ましい。
【0022】
上記限定のレール圧延用鋼片の再加熱工程における加熱温度やその時間の制御については、直接、鋼片の外表面部を測温し、その温度や時間を制御することが望ましい。しかし、工業的にその測定が困難な場合は、加熱炉の平均的な雰囲気温度や所定の雰囲気温度における在炉時間を制御しても同様の効果が得られ、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することが可能となる。
【0023】
また、上記限定の再加熱を行い、熱間圧延を行った鋼レールの頭部金属組織は、耐摩耗性の高いパーライト組織であることが望ましい。さらに、このパーライト組織を安定的に生成させ、高硬度化を図るため、圧延後のレール頭部に加速冷却を行うことが望ましい。また、圧延後のレール頭部の硬さは、耐摩耗性を確保する目的から、Hv300〜500の範囲にあることが望ましい。
【0024】
【実施例】
次に、本発明の実施例について説明する。
表1に供試レール鋼の化学成分を示す。なお残部はFeおよび不可避的不純物である。
表2は、表1に示す供試レール鋼を用いて、本発明の製造方法でレールを製造する際の鋼片の再加熱条件(CT値、CM値、鋼片の最高加熱温度:Tmax、1100℃以上に加熱される保持時間:Mmax)、レール熱間圧延および圧延後の諸特性(熱間圧延時および圧延後の表面性状、頭表面の組織、頭表面の硬さ)を示す。さらに、本発明の製造方法で製造したレールの摩耗試験結果を示す。
【0025】
表3は、表1に示す供試レール鋼を用いて、比較製造方法でレールを製造する際の鋼片の再加熱条件(CT値、CM値、鋼片の最高加熱温度:Tmax、1100℃以上に加熱される保持時間:Mmax)、レール熱間圧延および圧延後の諸特性(熱間圧延時および圧延後の表面性状、頭表面の組織、頭表面の硬さ)を示す。さらに、本発明の製造方法で製造したレールの摩耗試験結果を示す。
【0026】
ここで、本明細書中の図について説明する。図1はレールと車輪の転動摩耗試験機の概要を示したものである。
図1において、1はレール移動用スライダーであり、この上にレール2が設置される。5はモーター4で回転する車輪3の左右の動きおよび荷重を制御する荷重負荷装置である。試験は左右に移動するレール2上を車輪3が転動する。
【0027】
レールの構成は以下のとおりである。
・本発明熱処理レール(本) 符号〜I
上記成分範囲内のレール鋼を、上記限定範囲内の製造方法で製造した鋼片およびレール。
・比較熱処理レール (本) 符号〜Q
上記成分範囲内のレール鋼を、上記限定範囲外の製造方法で製造した鋼片およびレール。
【0028】
試験条件は下記のとおり。
・転動疲労試験
試験機:転動疲労試験機(図1参照)
試験片形状
レール:136ポンドレール×2m
車 輪:AARタイプ(直径920mm)
荷重条件(重荷重鉄道再現)
ラジアル荷重:147000N(15トン)
スラスト荷重: 9800N( 1トン)
繰返し回数:10000回
潤滑条件:ドライ(乾燥状態)
【0029】
表2、表3に示すように、表1に示した高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度やある一定温度以上に加熱される時間の適正化を図ることにより、上記限定範囲内の再加熱条件で製造したレール(符号:〜I)は、比較再加熱条件で製造したレール(符号:〜Q)と比べて、圧延時の鋼片の割れや破断を防止し、さらに、レール外表面部の脱炭を抑制し、初析フェライト組織の生成を防止することにより、耐摩耗性の低下を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することができた。
【0030】
【表1】

Figure 0004272437
【0031】
【表2】
Figure 0004272437
【0032】
【表3】
Figure 0004272437
【0033】
【発明の効果】
以上のように本発明によれば、高炭素含有のレール圧延用鋼片を用いて熱間圧延を行う再加熱工程において、鋼片の加熱条件の適正化を図り、圧延時の鋼片の割れや破断を防止し、さらに、鋼片外表面部の脱炭を抑制し、高効率に高品質なレールを製造することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】レールと車輪の転動摩耗試験機の概要を示した図。
【符号の説明】
1:レール移動用スライダー
2:レール
3:車輪
4:モーター
5:荷重負荷装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for rail rolling containing a high carbon content, the present invention aims to optimize the heating condition of the steel slab, and prevents cracking and breakage of the steel slab during rolling. Furthermore, it is related with the manufacturing method of the high carbon steel rail aiming at suppressing the decarburization of a steel piece outer surface part, and manufacturing a high quality rail with high efficiency.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, heavy-duty railroads that transport coal and iron ore overseas and domestic freight railroads have been aggressively increasing the load of freight in order to further improve the efficiency of rail transport. In the rail, G. C. As a result, the wear resistance of the head portion and the head side portion cannot be sufficiently ensured, and the deterioration of the rail life due to wear has been a problem. Against this background, there has been a demand for the development of rails that have higher wear resistance than the current eutectoid carbon-containing high-strength rails.
[0003]
In order to solve this problem, the present inventors have developed a rail as shown below.
(1) Rail with excellent wear resistance in which the hypereutectoid steel (C: more than 0.85% to 1.20%) is used to increase the cementite density in the lamellae in the pearlite structure (Patent Document 1) .
(2) Using hypereutectoid steel (C: more than 0.85 to 1.20%), increasing the cementite density in the lamellae in the pearlite structure and simultaneously controlling the hardness by heat treating the head A rail having excellent wear resistance and a method for producing the same (Patent Document 2).
The characteristics of these rails were to increase the carbon content of the steel, increase the volume ratio of the cemetite phase in the pearlite lamella, and improve the wear resistance of the pearlite structure by controlling the hardness and structure. .
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
(JP-A-8-144016)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-246100
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Inventive rail steel exhibiting the pearlite structure shown in (1) above can improve wear resistance due to high carbonization. However, since the above-described rail steel has a higher carbon content than the current high eutectoid carbon-containing (C: 0.80%) high-strength rail steel, reheating is performed using hot-rolling steel slabs. If the heating temperature is not properly selected in the process, a part of the steel slab will be in a molten state, 1) the steel slab will crack during rolling, and the steel slab will break. There is a problem that the yield of the product is significantly reduced due to the remaining cracks in the rail after rolling.
[0006]
Moreover, in the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for rolling, if the selection of the holding time during heating is inappropriate, decarburization of the outer surface portion of the steel slab is promoted, and after the final rolling There was a problem that the carbon amount and hardness of the pearlite structure on the outer surface of the rail were lowered, the wear resistance of the rail head was impaired, and the fatigue strength of the rail was likely to be lowered.
[0007]
Against this background, in steel rails with high carbon content, cracking of the steel slabs during rolling is prevented, and further, decarburization of the outer surface of the rails is suppressed, thereby suppressing deterioration in wear resistance and fatigue strength. In addition, there has been a demand for the development of a high carbon steel rail manufacturing method for manufacturing a high quality rail with high efficiency.
[0008]
That is, the present invention, in a reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for high-carbon rail rolling, optimizes the time when the steel slab is heated to a maximum heating temperature or a certain temperature or more, Prevents cracking and breakage of steel billets during rolling, and further suppresses decarburization of the outer surface of the rail, thereby suppressing deterioration of wear resistance and fatigue strength, and producing high-quality rails with high efficiency. It is for the purpose.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention achieves the above object, and the gist thereof is as follows.
In a reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel strip for rail rolling containing C: 0.90 to 1.40% in mass%, the maximum heating temperature (Tmax; ° C) of the steel strip is that of the steel rail. With respect to the value (CT) represented by the following formula consisting of the carbon content, Tmax ≦ CT, and the holding time (Mmax; min) during which the steel slab is heated to 1100 ° C. or higher is determined from the carbon content of the steel rail. A method of manufacturing a high carbon steel rail, comprising heating a steel piece satisfying Mmax ≦ CM with respect to a value (CM) represented by the following formula.
CT = 1500-140 ([mass% C])-80 ([mass% C]) 2
CM = 600-120 ([mass% C])-60 ([mass% C]) 2
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
First, the present inventors investigated the cause of cracking in a steel slab in a process of reheating a steel slab for rolling with high carbon content and performing hot rolling. As a result, cracks in the steel slab are caused by melting of a part of the steel slab at the segregation part of the solidified structure near the outer surface where the heating temperature of the steel slab is the highest, and opening this by rolling. Further, occurrence of cracking, higher maximum heating temperature of the steel piece, also revealed that tends to occur as higher carbon content of the steel strip.
[0011]
Therefore, the present inventors examined the relationship between the maximum heating temperature of the steel slab where the partial melting, which is the cause of cracking, and the carbon content of the steel slab was caused by experiments. As a result, the maximum heating temperature at which partial melting of the steel slab is generated can be expressed by a quadratic expression using the carbon amount (mass%) of the steel slab shown in the following (formula 1). By controlling the heating temperature (Tmax; ° C.) below the CT value obtained from this quadratic equation, partial melting of the steel slab in the reheated state and accompanying cracking and fracture during hot rolling can be prevented. I found out that I can do it.
CT = 1500-140 ([mass% C])-80 ([mass% C]) 2 ... 1
[0012]
Next, the present inventors analyzed the factor which accelerates | stimulates the decarburization of the outer surface part of a steel slab in the reheating process which hot-rolls using the steel slab for rail rolling containing a high carbon content. As a result, it was found that the decarburization of the outer surface portion of the steel slab is greatly influenced by the temperature when the steel slab is reheated, the holding time thereof, and the carbon content of the steel slab.
Therefore, the present inventors have clarified the relationship between the temperature at which the steel slab is reheated, the holding time thereof, and the carbon content of the steel slab and the decarburization amount of the steel slab outer surface portion. As a result, it was found that the amount of decarburization of the outer surface portion of the steel slab is promoted as the time during which the steel piece is kept above a certain temperature is longer and the carbon content of the steel slab is higher.
[0013]
Furthermore, the present inventors examined the relationship between the carbon content of the steel slab and the holding time during reheating of the steel slab where the properties of the rail after the final rolling did not deteriorate. As a result, the holding time of the steel slab can be expressed by a secondary equation using the carbon amount (mass%) of the steel slab shown in the following (Equation 2) when the reheating temperature is 1100 ° C. or higher. By controlling the reheating time (Mmax; min) of the billet to below the CM value obtained from this quadratic expression, the carbon content and hardness of the pearlite structure on the outer surface of the billet are suppressed, and the final rolling It has been found that the wear resistance and fatigue strength of the later rail can be suppressed.
CM = 600−120 ([mass% C]) − 60 ([mass% C]) 2 ... 2
[0014]
Therefore, in the present invention, in the high-carbon rail steel, in the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel strip for rolling a high-carbon rail, the steel strip is heated to a maximum heating temperature or a certain temperature or higher. By optimizing the holding time, preventing partial melting of the steel slab, preventing cracking and breaking during hot rolling, and further suppressing decarburization of the rail outer surface It has been found that high-quality rails can be manufactured with high efficiency while suppressing deterioration of wear resistance and fatigue strength.
That is, the present invention prevents partial melting of a steel slab in a reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for high-carbon rail rolling, and further decarburization of the outer surface of the steel slab. The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high-carbon steel rail intended to suppress and manufacture a high-quality rail with high efficiency.
[0015]
Next, the reason for limitation of the present invention will be described in detail.
(1) Reason for limiting chemical components of steel rail In claim 1, the reason why the carbon content of the rail steel is limited to the above claims will be described in detail.
C is an effective element that promotes pearlite transformation and ensures wear resistance. If the C content is less than 0.90 %, the volume ratio of the cementite phase in the pearlite structure cannot be secured, and the wear resistance cannot be maintained. In addition, when the C content is less than 0.90 %, in the reheating step in which the steel slab is hot-rolled, even if the above-mentioned temperature control is not performed, the steel slab is partially melted or hot-rolled accordingly. It is difficult for cracks and breaks to occur, and even when decarburization occurs on the outer surface of the steel slab, the wear resistance and fatigue strength of the rail after final rolling are unlikely to decrease. Therefore, sufficient effects cannot be obtained even when the manufacturing method of the present invention is applied. If the C content exceeds 1.40%, it is difficult to suppress the partial melting of the steel slab and the occurrence of minute cracks during rolling even when the production method of the present invention is applied. Furthermore, decarburization of the outer surface portion of the steel slab is promoted, and the wear resistance and fatigue strength of the rail after final rolling are significantly reduced. Therefore, the C content is limited to 0.90 to 1.40%.
[0016]
The hot-rolled rail prevents (1) improved wear resistance by increasing hardness, and (2) prevents the formation of a proeutectoid cementite structure that is harmful to the occurrence of fatigue cracks and brittle cracks. In order to stably generate a highly wearable pearlite structure, accelerated cooling may be applied to the rail head that retains high-temperature heat.
Further, in the production method of the present invention, the component system of the steel slab is not particularly limited except for the above-mentioned carbon content, but the hardness (strengthening) of the pearlite structure of the rolled rail is improved, and the ductility of the pearlite structure. In order to improve the toughness, prevent softening of the heat affected zone of the weld, control the cross-sectional hardness distribution inside the rail head, and suppress the formation of proeutectoid cementite structure, Si, Mn, Cr, A component system containing one or more elements such as Mo, V, Nb, B, Co, Cu, Ni, Ti, Mg, Ca, Al, Zr, and N is desirable.
[0017]
Rail steel composed of the above components is melted in a commonly used melting furnace such as a converter or electric furnace, and the molten steel is produced by ingoting / splitting or continuous casting. . Furthermore, this steel slab is reheated and manufactured as a rail by hot rolling.
[0018]
(2) In the reheating process at the time of hot rolling the steel strip for rail rolling in claim 1, about the reason for limiting the maximum heating temperature (Tmax; ° C) of the steel slab in the reheating process for performing hot rolling, The reason why the maximum heating temperature (Tmax; ° C.) of the billet is limited to the CT value or less obtained from the carbon content of the steel rail will be described in detail.
In the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for rail rolling containing a high carbon content, the steel slab is partially melted and the cause of cracking in the slab when hot rolling is performed. It was investigated by experiment. As a result, it was confirmed that the higher the maximum heating temperature of the steel slab and the higher the carbon content of the steel slab, the more partial melting occurred in the steel slab during reheating and the easier generation of cracks during rolling.
Therefore, the relationship between the carbon content of the steel slab and the maximum heating temperature at which the steel slab partially melted was determined by multiple correlation. The correlation formula (1 formula) is shown below.
CT = 1500-140 ([mass% C])-80 ([mass% C]) 2 ... 1
[0019]
Therefore, Equation 1 is an experimental regression equation, and the maximum heating temperature (Tmax; ° C.) of the steel slab is controlled to be equal to or lower than the CT value obtained from the quadratic equation using the carbon amount of the steel slab. It is possible to prevent partial melting of the steel slab and cracking or breaking of the steel slab during rolling.
[0020]
(3) In the reheating process when performing hot rolling on the steel strip for rail rolling in claim 1, the reason for limiting the heating and holding time (Mmax; min) of the steel slab in the reheating process for performing hot rolling, The reason why the holding time (Mmax; min) during which the steel slab is heated to 1100 ° C. or higher is limited to the CM value or less obtained from the carbon content of the steel rail will be described in detail.
In the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for rolling with high carbon content, the factors that increase the amount of decarburization on the outer surface of the steel slab were investigated by experiments. As a result, it was found that decarburization was promoted at the time of reheating as the time for maintaining the temperature above a certain temperature was longer and as the carbon content of the steel slab was higher.
Therefore, the relationship between the carbon content of the steel slab and the heat retention time of the steel slab in which the properties of the rail after the final rolling do not deteriorate is obtained by multiple correlation in the reheat temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher where the decarburization of steel slab is remarkable It was. The correlation formula (Formula 2) is shown below.
CM = 600−120 ([mass% C]) − 60 ([mass% C]) 2 ... 2
[0021]
Therefore, Formula 2 is an experimental regression formula, and by controlling the heating holding time (Mmax; min) below the CM value obtained from this quadratic formula in the temperature range of the steel piece reheating temperature of 1100 ° C. or higher, Reduction in the carbon content and hardness of the pearlite structure on the outer surface of the steel piece can be suppressed, and reduction in wear resistance and fatigue strength of the rail after final rolling can be suppressed.
The lower limit of the heating and holding time (Mmax; min) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 250 min or more from the viewpoint of uniformly heating the steel slab and ensuring formability during rail rolling.
[0022]
About control of the heating temperature and the time in the reheating process of the steel strip for rail rolling of the said limitation, it is desirable to measure the outer surface part of a steel piece directly and to control the temperature and time. However, if the measurement is difficult industrially, the same effect can be obtained by controlling the average furnace temperature of the heating furnace and the furnace time at the specified atmosphere temperature, and a high-quality rail can be obtained with high efficiency. It can be manufactured.
[0023]
Moreover, it is desirable that the head metal structure of the steel rail subjected to the above-mentioned reheating and hot rolling is a pearlite structure having high wear resistance. Furthermore, in order to stably generate this pearlite structure and increase the hardness, it is desirable to perform accelerated cooling on the rail head after rolling. Further, the hardness of the rail head after rolling is preferably in the range of Hv 300 to 500 for the purpose of ensuring wear resistance.
[0024]
【Example】
Next, examples of the present invention will be described.
Table 1 shows the chemical composition of the test rail steel. The balance is Fe and inevitable impurities.
Table 2 shows the reheating conditions (CT value, CM value, maximum heating temperature of the steel slab: Tmax, when the rail is manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention using the test rail steel shown in Table 1. Holding time heated to 1100 ° C. or higher: Mmax), rail hot rolling and various properties after rolling (surface properties during and after hot rolling, structure of head surface, hardness of head surface). Furthermore, the abrasion test result of the rail manufactured with the manufacturing method of this invention is shown.
[0025]
Table 3 shows the reheating conditions (CT value, CM value, maximum heating temperature of the steel slab: Tmax, 1100 ° C.) when the rail is manufactured by the comparative manufacturing method using the test rail steel shown in Table 1. Holding time heated above: Mmax), rail hot rolling and various properties after rolling (surface properties during and after hot rolling, structure of head surface, hardness of head surface) are shown. Furthermore, the abrasion test result of the rail manufactured with the manufacturing method of this invention is shown.
[0026]
Here, the drawings in this specification will be described. FIG. 1 shows an outline of a rolling wear tester for rails and wheels.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rail moving slider, on which a rail 2 is installed. Reference numeral 5 denotes a load loading device that controls the left and right movement and load of the wheel 3 rotated by the motor 4. In the test, the wheel 3 rolls on the rail 2 that moves left and right.
[0027]
The configuration of the rail is as follows.
-Heat treatment rail of the present invention ( eight ) Symbols B to I
A steel slab and a rail produced by producing the rail steel within the above-mentioned component range by the production method within the above-mentioned limited range.
・ Comparison heat-treated rail ( 7 ) Codes K to Q
A steel slab and a rail produced by producing a rail steel within the above component range by a production method outside the above limited range.
[0028]
The test conditions are as follows.
・ Rolling fatigue testing machine: Rolling fatigue testing machine (see Fig. 1)
Specimen shape rail: 136 lb rail x 2 m
Wheel: AAR type (diameter 920mm)
Load conditions (reproduction of heavy-duty railway)
Radial load: 147000N (15 tons)
Thrust load: 9800N (1 ton)
Number of repetitions: 10,000 times Lubrication condition: Dry (dry state)
[0029]
As shown in Table 2 and Table 3, in the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using the steel strip for rolling with high carbon content shown in Table 1, the steel strip is heated to a maximum heating temperature or a certain temperature or higher. By optimizing the time to be used, the rail (code: B to I) manufactured under reheating conditions within the above-mentioned limited range is compared with the rail (code: K to Q) manufactured under comparative reheating conditions. It prevents cracking and breakage of the steel slab during rolling, further suppresses decarburization of the outer surface of the rail, prevents the formation of proeutectoid ferrite structure, suppresses wear resistance reduction, and achieves high efficiency We were able to manufacture high quality rails.
[0030]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004272437
[0031]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004272437
[0032]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004272437
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in the reheating process in which hot rolling is performed using a steel slab for rolling with high carbon content, the heating condition of the steel slab is optimized and cracking of the steel slab during rolling is performed. Further, it is possible to prevent breakage, suppress decarburization of the outer surface of the steel piece, and manufacture a high-quality rail with high efficiency.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of a rolling wear tester for rails and wheels.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Rail moving slider 2: Rail 3: Wheel 4: Motor 5: Load loading device

Claims (1)

質量%で、C:0.90〜1.40%を含有するレール圧延用鋼片に熱間圧延を行う際の再加熱工程において、鋼片の最大加熱温度(Tmax;℃)が、鋼レールの炭素含有量からなる下式で示される値(CT)に対して、Tmax≦CTとなり、かつ、鋼片が1100℃以上に加熱される保持時間(Mmax;min)が、鋼レールの炭素含有量からなる下式で示される値(CM)に対して、Mmax≦CMとなるように鋼片の加熱を行うことを特徴とした高炭素鋼レールの製造方法。
CT=1500−140(〔mass%C〕)−80(〔mass%C〕)
CM=600−120(〔mass%C〕)−60(〔mass%C〕)
In the reheating step when hot rolling is performed on a steel strip for rail rolling containing C: 0.90 to 1.40% in mass%, the maximum heating temperature (Tmax; ° C) of the steel billet is the steel rail. With respect to the value (CT) represented by the following formula comprising the carbon content of T, Tmax ≦ CT, and the holding time (Mmax; min) during which the steel slab is heated to 1100 ° C. or higher is the carbon content of the steel rail. A method of manufacturing a high carbon steel rail, characterized by heating a steel piece so that Mmax ≦ CM is satisfied with respect to a value (CM) represented by the following formula consisting of a quantity.
CT = 1500-140 ([mass% C])-80 ([mass% C]) 2
CM = 600-120 ([mass% C])-60 ([mass% C]) 2
JP2003011701A 2002-04-05 2003-01-20 High carbon steel rail manufacturing method Expired - Fee Related JP4272437B2 (en)

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JP2003011701A JP4272437B2 (en) 2003-01-20 2003-01-20 High carbon steel rail manufacturing method
EP11175030A EP2388352A1 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pearlitic steel rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for producing the same
BRPI0304718A BRPI0304718B1 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 method for producing an excellent perlite steel rail for wear resistance and ductility
HK05101368.7A HK1068926B (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pealite based rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for production thereof
US10/482,753 US20040187981A1 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pealite base rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for production thereof
CNB03800576XA CN1304618C (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pealite based rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for production thereof
CA2749503A CA2749503C (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pearlitic steel rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for producing the same
CA2451147A CA2451147C (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pearlitic steel rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for producing the same
PCT/JP2003/004364 WO2003085149A1 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pealite based rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for production thereof
EP03745927A EP1493831A4 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 PERLITE-BASED RAIL HAVING EXCELLENT WEAR RESISTANCE AND EXCELLENT DUCTILITY AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING THE SAME
AU2003236273A AU2003236273B2 (en) 2002-04-05 2003-04-04 Pealite based rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for production thereof
US11/780,166 US7972451B2 (en) 2002-04-05 2007-07-19 Pearlitic steel rail excellent in wear resistance and ductility and method for producing same

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DE102010016282A1 (en) * 2010-03-31 2011-10-06 Max-Planck-Institut Für Eisenforschung GmbH Ultrahigh-strength and wear-resistant quasi-eutectoid rail steels
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AU2019242777B2 (en) 2018-03-30 2021-09-23 Jfe Steel Corporation Rail
CN111809027A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-10-23 武汉钢铁有限公司 Heating method of copper-containing high-carbon corrosion-resistant steel rail
CN113789433A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-14 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 Method for reducing thickness of decarburization layer of steel rail
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