JP4273271B2 - Pyrazole compound and process for producing the same - Google Patents
Pyrazole compound and process for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP4273271B2 JP4273271B2 JP25710698A JP25710698A JP4273271B2 JP 4273271 B2 JP4273271 B2 JP 4273271B2 JP 25710698 A JP25710698 A JP 25710698A JP 25710698 A JP25710698 A JP 25710698A JP 4273271 B2 JP4273271 B2 JP 4273271B2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 90
- -1 Pyrazole compound Chemical class 0.000 title description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC(C)(C)[O-] LPNYRYFBWFDTMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 60
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 13
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 13
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical compound [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- NFAUIXAQBBGDDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methyl-3-oxobutanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)C(=O)C(F)(F)F NFAUIXAQBBGDDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 9
- STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID ETHYL ESTER Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(F)(F)F STSCVKRWJPWALQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium nitrite Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]N=O LPXPTNMVRIOKMN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 7
- WWHFHGBVUYFBRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole Chemical compound CC1=C(Cl)N(C)N=C1C(F)(F)F WWHFHGBVUYFBRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazole Chemical compound C=1C=NNC=1 WTKZEGDFNFYCGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 6
- ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium diisopropylamide Chemical compound [Li+].CC(C)[N-]C(C)C ZCSHNCUQKCANBX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- QRLFNOIUGQYYQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazol-3-amine Chemical compound CC1=C(N)N(C)N=C1C(F)(F)F QRLFNOIUGQYYQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229960003975 potassium Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYUIWKFIFOJVKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-4-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 WYUIWKFIFOJVKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTARZCOGKBEMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1h-pyrazol-3-amine Chemical compound CC=1C(N)=NNC=1C(F)(F)F YTARZCOGKBEMSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromomethane Chemical compound BrC GZUXJHMPEANEGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013522 chelant Substances 0.000 description 4
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000012312 sodium hydride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000104 sodium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trifluoroacetic anhydride Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)OC(=O)C(F)(F)F QAEDZJGFFMLHHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IKGVBNQPAJOSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl)pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN1N=C(C(F)(F)F)C(C(O)=O)=C1Cl IKGVBNQPAJOSFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid anhydride Natural products CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002168 alkylating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940100198 alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triacetate Chemical compound [Ce+3].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VGBWDOLBWVJTRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) bromide Chemical compound Br[Co]Br BZRRQSJJPUGBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 3
- 238000006193 diazotization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical group [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dibromomanganese Chemical class Br[Mn]Br RJYMRRJVDRJMJW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940071125 manganese acetate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);diacetate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UOGMEBQRZBEZQT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N monomethylhydrazine Chemical compound CNN HDZGCSFEDULWCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium dichromate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KMUONIBRACKNSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 3
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)(Cl)Cl UOCLXMDMGBRAIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous acid Chemical compound ON=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium methoxide Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C WQDUMFSSJAZKTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005874 Vilsmeier-Haack formylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium oxide Chemical compound [Ba]=O QVQLCTNNEUAWMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoethane Chemical compound CCBr RDHPKYGYEGBMSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIKBFYAXUHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromoform Chemical compound BrC(Br)Br DIKBFYAXUHHXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].[Br-].[Ce+3] MOOUSOJAOQPDEH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 2
- VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfate Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)OC VAYGXNSJCAHWJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropyl ether Chemical compound CCCOCCC POLCUAVZOMRGSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002429 hydrazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000042 hydrogen bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(F)(F)F VMVNZNXAVJHNDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940102396 methyl bromide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl formate Chemical compound COC=O TZIHFWKZFHZASV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabromomethane Chemical compound BrC(Br)(Br)Br HJUGFYREWKUQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- CGWDABYOHPEOAD-VIFPVBQESA-N (2r)-2-[(4-fluorophenoxy)methyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1OC[C@@H]1OC1 CGWDABYOHPEOAD-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N (z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one;zirconium Chemical compound [Zr].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O YOBOXHGSEJBUPB-MTOQALJVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dibromoethane Chemical compound BrCCBr PAAZPARNPHGIKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-butoxyethoxy)butane Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCCC GDXHBFHOEYVPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HLVFKOKELQSXIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)CBr HLVFKOKELQSXIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromobutane Chemical compound CCCCBr MPPPKRYCTPRNTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromopropane Chemical compound CCCBr CYNYIHKIEHGYOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOCCCC DURPTKYDGMDSBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BTUGGGLMQBJCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodo-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)CI BTUGGGLMQBJCBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)Br UPSXAPQYNGXVBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NAMYKGVDVNBCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-bromopropane Chemical compound CC(C)Br NAMYKGVDVNBCFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BSPCSKHALVHRSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)Cl BSPCSKHALVHRSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQRUSQUYPCHEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-iodobutane Chemical compound CCC(C)I IQRUSQUYPCHEKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-3-pyrimidin-4-ylpropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)CC1=CC=NC=N1 JHWIEAWILPSRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(dimethylsulfamoyl)-2-methylfuran-3-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C(C)O1 DUFCMRCMPHIFTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAEPDICAQHHKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N CON=O.N(=O)O Chemical class CON=O.N(=O)O GAEPDICAQHHKST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisopropyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)OC(C)C ZAFNJMIOTHYJRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004157 Nitrosyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006350 Schiemann fluorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YFNQSABSUYHQLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [I].CC(C)Cl Chemical compound [I].CC(C)Cl YFNQSABSUYHQLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOPYZMJAIPBUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[Mn+4] Chemical class [O-2].[O-2].[Mn+4] GOPYZMJAIPBUGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAJHWYJGCSAOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zr].CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO Chemical compound [Zr].CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO.CCCCCCCCO OAJHWYJGCSAOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000895 acaricidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960003116 amyl nitrite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ba+2] RQPZNWPYLFFXCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001863 barium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZCGHEBMEQXMRQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 2-carbamoylpyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound NC(=O)C1CCCN1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 ZCGHEBMEQXMRQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950005228 bromoform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KMGBZBJJOKUPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl iodide Chemical compound CCCCI KMGBZBJJOKUPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K cerium acetylacetonate Chemical compound [Ce+3].C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O.C\C([O-])=C\C(C)=O PYPNFSVOZBISQN-LNTINUHCSA-K 0.000 description 1
- VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ce](Cl)Cl VYLVYHXQOHJDJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H cerium(3+);tricarbonate Chemical class [Ce+3].[Ce+3].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GHLITDDQOMIBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- UADULFIZHZKEOP-UHFFFAOYSA-K cerium(3+);triformate Chemical compound [Ce+3].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O UADULFIZHZKEOP-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 1
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N chloro(114C)methane Chemical compound [14CH3]Cl NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroethane Chemical compound CCCl HRYZWHHZPQKTII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910021446 cobalt carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QCAZZPKUBLATEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) diacetate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QCAZZPKUBLATEK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZOTKGJBKKKVBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diiodide Chemical compound [Co+2].[I-].[I-] AVWLPUQJODERGA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(ii) formate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O PFQLIVQUKOIJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N cobalt;(z)-4-hydroxypent-3-en-2-one Chemical compound [Co].C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O.C\C(O)=C\C(C)=O FJDJVBXSSLDNJB-LNTINUHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OPQARKPSCNTWTJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940045803 cuprous chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl sulfate Chemical compound CCOS(=O)(=O)OCC DENRZWYUOJLTMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940008406 diethyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N dinitrogen trioxide Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N=O LZDSILRDTDCIQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003750 ethyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrazine monohydrate Substances O.NN IKDUDTNKRLTJSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodoethane Chemical compound CCI HVTICUPFWKNHNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBFPMKWQKYFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)CCl QTBFPMKWQKYFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)Cl ULYZAYCEDJDHCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000464 lead oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000103 lithium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012254 magnesium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011656 manganese carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006748 manganese carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940093474 manganese carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SGGOJYZMTYGPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);naphthalene-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Mn+2].C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 SGGOJYZMTYGPCH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SGLXWMAOOWXVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);octanoate Chemical compound [Mn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O SGLXWMAOOWXVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000016 manganese(II) carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) carbonate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O XMWCXZJXESXBBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(ii) iodide Chemical compound [Mn+2].[I-].[I-] QWYFOIJABGVEFP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CSDTZUBPSYWZDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentyl nitrite Chemical compound CCCCCON=O CSDTZUBPSYWZDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl chloride Chemical compound CCCCl SNMVRZFUUCLYTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl iodide Chemical compound CCCI PVWOIHVRPOBWPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrosyl chloride Chemical compound ClN=O VPCDQGACGWYTMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019392 nitrosyl chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000005526 organic bromine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolead Chemical compound [Pb]=O YEXPOXQUZXUXJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 3-chloropropanoate Chemical compound ClCCC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RAFRTSDUWORDLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium ethoxide Chemical compound [K+].CC[O-] RPDAUEIUDPHABB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium hydride Chemical compound [KH] NTTOTNSKUYCDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000105 potassium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium methoxide Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C BDAWXSQJJCIFIK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium dichromate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O KIEOKOFEPABQKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium ethoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC[O-] QDRKDTQENPPHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- IOGXOCVLYRDXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl nitrite Chemical compound CC(C)(C)ON=O IOGXOCVLYRDXLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- PLQYNMNMYVUVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-F zirconium(4+) tetracarbonate Chemical class [Zr+4].[Zr+4].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O PLQYNMNMYVUVHC-UHFFFAOYSA-F 0.000 description 1
- OEERILNPOAIBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);tetraformate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O.[O-]C=O OEERILNPOAIBKF-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LSWWNKUULMMMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(iv) bromide Chemical compound Br[Zr](Br)(Br)Br LSWWNKUULMMMIL-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、医薬、農薬等の生理活性物質の製造中間体として有用なピラゾール化合物の新規製造法及び新規なピラゾール化合物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び課題】
【0003】
【化16】
〔式中、R2は水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表わす〕で表わされるピラゾール化合物は、WO97/40009に、殺虫殺ダニ活性化合物の製造中間体として有用であることが記載されている。
【0004】
5−クロロ−1−メチル−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−ピラゾールカルボン酸の製造法としては、J.Heterocyclic Chem.,27,243(1990)に5−ピラゾロン化合物をビルスマイヤー反応に付した後、過マンガン酸カリで酸化する方法が記載されている。しかし、工業的な製造を考慮した場合、ビルスマイヤー反応は、リン酸を含んだ排水の処理等問題が多い。
【0005】
1−アルキル−5−ハロ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾール類は従来知られておらず、従って、その合成法も知られていない。
【0006】
5−アミノ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾールは従来知られておらず、従って、その合成法も知られていない。
【0007】
1−アルキル−5−アミノ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾール類の合成法としては、J.Chem.Res.,Synop.198(1995)に3−オキソ−4、4、4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルと、メチルヒドラジンを反応させる方法が記載されている。しかし、この方法は高価なメチルヒドラジンを使用している。
【0008】
トリフルオロ酢酸誘導体とプロピオニトリルから3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルを得る方法としては、例えば、(1)J.Chem.Res.,Synop.476(1995)には、トリフルオロ酢酸エチルとプロピオニトリルを水素化ナトリウム存在下に反応させる方法が、また、(2)特開昭62−96479及び特開昭63−264448にはトリフルオロ酢酸メチルとプロピオニトリルをリチウムジイソプロピルアミド存在下に反応させる方法が記載されている。しかし、工業的な製造を考慮した場合、水素化ナトリウムやリチウムジイソプロピルアミドの使用は経済面及び安全性の面から問題が多く、他の工業的製造法が求められている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討した結果、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明は以下の〔1〕乃至〔5〕記載の製造法並びに〔6〕及び〔7〕記載の新規化合物に関するものである。
〔1〕 塩基としてt−ブトキシカリウムを用いて、式(1):
CF3COY
〔式中、Yはハロゲン原子、OCOCF3またはOR(RはC1〜C4のアルキル基を表わす。)を表す。〕
で表わされるトリフルオロ酢酸誘導体と、式(2):
CH3CH2CN
で表わされるプロピオニトリルを反応させることを特徴とする、式(3):
【0011】
【化17】
で表わされる化合物の製造法(以下、A工程と称する。)。
〔2〕 式(3):
【0012】
【化18】
で表される化合物と、ヒドラジンを反応させることを特徴とする、式(4):
【0013】
【化19】
で表されるピラゾール化合物の製造法(以下、B工程と称する。)。
〔3〕 式(4):
【0014】
【化20】
で表されるピラゾール化合物を、塩基の存在下でアルキル化剤と反応させ、アルキル化することを特徴とする、式(5):
【0015】
【化21】
〔式中、R1はC1〜C4アルキル基を表す。〕で表わされるピラゾール化合物の製造法(以下、C工程と称する。)。
〔4〕 式(4):
【0016】
【化22】
または式(5):
【0017】
【化23】
〔式中、R1はC1〜C4アルキル基を表す。〕で表されるピラゾール化合物を、鉱酸または有機酸の存在下亜硝酸供給源を用いてジアゾニウム塩とし、次いで触媒作用のあるハロゲン供給源の存在下、または触媒及びハロゲン供給源の存在下でジアゾ分解することを特徴とする式(7):
【0018】
【化24】
〔式中、R2は水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。〕で表されるピラゾール化合物の製造法(以下、D工程と称する。また、R2がC1〜C4アルキル基の場合はD1工程と称し、R2が水素原子の場合はD2工程と称する。)。
〔5〕 式(7):
【0019】
【化25】
〔式中、R2水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。〕で表されるピラゾール化合物を酸化することを特徴とする、式(8):
【0020】
【化26】
〔式中、R2は水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。〕で表わされるピラゾール化合物の製造法(以下、E工程と称する。)。
〔6〕 式(4):
【0021】
【化27】
で表わされるピラゾール化合物。
〔7〕 式(7):
【0022】
【化28】
〔式中、R2は水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。〕で表されるピラゾール化合物。
【0023】
なお、式(3):
【0024】
【化29】
で表される化合物と式(6):
R1−NHNH2
〔式中、R1はC1〜C4アルキル基を表す。〕で表わされるアルキルヒドラジンを反応させることにより式(5):
【0025】
【化30】
〔式中、R1はC1〜C4アルキル基を表す。〕のピラゾール化合物を製造する方法を、以下、F工程と称する。
【0026】
各工程の関係は、式
【0027】
【化31】
として表すことができる。
【0028】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、上記A工程〜F工程を複数連続して実施してもよく、例えば、A工程→B工程(A工程を実施後、次いでB工程を実施することを意味する。以下、同様に記載する。)、B工程→C工程、A工程→B工程→C工程、A工程→F工程、C工程→D1工程、B工程→C工程→D1工程、A工程→B工程→C工程→D1工程、F工程→D1工程、A工程→F工程→D1工程、B工程→D2工程、A工程→B工程→D2工程、D工程→E工程、C工程→D1工程→E工程、B工程→C工程→D1工程→E工程、A工程→B工程→C工程→D1工程→E工程、F工程→D1工程→E工程、A工程→F工程→D1工程→E工程、B工程→D2工程→E工程及びA工程→B工程→D2工程→E工程が挙げられる。
【0029】
式(1)、(5)、(6)、(7)及び(8)におけるR、R1、R2、X及びYの例を説明する。
R、R1及びR2の定義におけるC1〜C4のアルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、iso−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、iso−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基及びtert−ブチル基があげられる。
X及びYの定義におけるハロゲン原子としては、フッ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子及びヨウ素原子があげられる。
【0030】
(A工程)
A工程における式(3)の化合物は、は式
【0031】
【化32】
で表わされる互変異性形で存在しうる。
また、式(3)の化合物は式
【0032】
【化33】
で表わされる水和物としても存在する。
【0033】
A工程における式(2)のプロピオニトリルの使用量は、式(1)のトリフルオロ酢酸誘導体1モルに対して、通常0.5〜10モル、好ましくは0.9〜5モルを用いる。
反応に用いるt−ブトキシカリウムの使用量は、式(1)のトリフルオロ酢酸誘導体1モルに対して、通常0.5〜5モル、好ましくは1〜3モルを用いる。
【0034】
A工程は、反応に不活性な溶媒中で行うことができ、溶媒としてはベンゼン及びトルエン等の芳香族炭化水素類、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、1,4−ジオキサン、1,2−ジメトキシエタン及び1,2−ジエトキシエタン等のエーテル類、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド及びN,N−ジメチルアセトアミド等のアミド類、 t−ブタノール、ジメチルスルホキシド、スルホラン並びにこれらの混合溶媒等が挙げられる。
反応温度は、通常−30℃〜150℃、好ましくは0℃から100℃の範囲で行う。
反応終了後は、反応液を塩酸等で酸性にした後、適当な有機溶媒で抽出することで、目的物を得ることができる。また必要に応じて反応溶媒を減圧留去等で除去後に同様の操作を行い、目的物を得ることもできる。また、この物は、蒸留、カラムクロマトグラフィー等の精製法によって精製することができる。
【0035】
(B工程)
B工程における無置換ヒドラジンは、水和物、水溶液及び塩酸塩や硫酸塩のような無機塩の形でも使用できる。
無置換ヒドラジンの使用量は、基質1モルに対して通常0.5〜10モル、好ましくは0.8〜5モルの範囲で使用できる。
反応温度は通常−10〜200℃、好ましくは10〜150℃の範囲で行われる。
【0036】
(C工程)
C工程におけるアルキル化剤としては、塩化メチル、臭化メチル、ヨウ化メチル、塩化エチル、臭化エチル、ヨウ化エチル、塩化プロピル、臭化プロピル、ヨウ化プロピル、塩化イソプロピル、臭化イソプロピル、ヨウ化イソプロピル、
塩化ブチル、臭化ブチル、ヨウ化ブチル、塩化イソブチル、臭化イソブチル、ヨウ化イソブチル、塩化sec−ブチル、臭化sec−ブチル及びヨウ化sec−ブチル等のハロゲン化アルキル類、ジメチル硫酸、ジエチル硫酸、炭酸ジメチル及びギ酸メチル等のエステル類が挙げられる。
アルキル化剤の使用量は基質1モルに対して、通常、0.5〜20の範囲、好ましくは0.5〜5モルの範囲が良い。
【0037】
C工程における塩基としては水素化ナトリウム、水素化カリウム、水素化リチウム、金属ナトリウム、金属カリウム、金属リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化リチウム、水酸化バリウム、水酸化マグネシウム、水酸化カルシウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、酸化バリウム、酸化マグネシウム及び酸化カルシウム等の無機塩基並びにナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、カリウムメトキシド、カリウムエトキシド、t−ブトキシカリウム、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン、ブチルリチウム及びリチウムジイソプロピルアミド等の有機塩基が挙げられる。
塩基の使用量は基質1モルに対して、通常0.5〜20モルの範囲が良い。
C工程における反応温度は、通常−10〜200℃の範囲が採用される。
【0038】
(F工程)
F工程における式(6)のアルキルヒドラジンは、水溶液及び塩酸塩や硫酸塩のような無機塩の形でも使用できる。
式(6)のアルキルヒドラジンの使用量は、基質1モルに対して通常0.5〜10モル、好ましくは0.8〜5モルの範囲で使用できる。
反応温度は通常−10〜200℃、好ましくは10〜150℃の範囲で行われる。
【0039】
(B、C及びF工程)
B工程、C工程及びF工程における反応は、無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒も使用できる。溶媒としては、ヘキサン及びヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素類、塩化メチレン及び1,1,1−トリクロロエタン等のハロゲン化炭化水素類、ベンゼン、トルエン及びキシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類、クロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン及び3,4−ジクロロトルエン等のハロゲン置換芳香族炭化水素類、アニソール及び1,2−ジメトキシベンゼン等のアルコキシ置換芳香族炭化水素類、ジエチルエーテル、ジプロピルエーテル、メチルターシャリーブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン及びジオキサン等のエーテル類、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノール及びアミルアルコール等のアルコール類並びにN,N−ジメチルホルムアミド及びアセトニトリル等の非プロトン極性溶媒が挙げられる。上記溶媒の2種以上を混合または分散しても使用できる。また、場合によっては水との2層系で反応を行うこともできる。
【0040】
反応終了後は必要に応じて溶媒を減圧留去後、反応混合物中に水を加え、有機溶媒で抽出することで目的物を得ることができる。また、この物は、再結晶及びカラムクロマトグラフィー等の精製法によって精製することができる。
【0041】
(D工程)
D工程は式(4)または式(5)のアミノピラゾール化合物をジアゾニウム塩に誘導するジアゾ化工程、及び生成したジアゾニウム塩を分解して式(7)のピラゾール化合物を得る分解工程からなっている。
【0042】
【化34】
〔式中、R2は水素原子またはC1〜C4アルキル基を表し、Xはハロゲン原子を表す。〕
ジアゾ化工程で用いられる酸としては、例えば、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸及びリン酸等の鉱酸並びに酢酸等の有機酸を用いることができるが、鉱酸を用いるのが好ましい。またこれらの混合物を用いてもよい。
【0043】
ジアゾ化工程の温度は通常−30〜50℃、好ましくは−10℃〜室温の範囲で行われる。
【0044】
亜硝酸供給源としては、亜硝酸ナトリウム、亜硝酸カリウム及び亜硝酸カルシウム等の亜硝酸塩、塩化ニトロシル、三二酸化窒素及び一酸化窒素等の無機化合物、亜硝酸アミル、亜硝酸t−ブチル及び亜硝酸メチル等の亜硝酸エステルを用いることができるが、亜硝酸塩を用いるのが好ましい。
【0045】
亜硝酸供給源の使用量は、基質1モルに対して0.5〜10モル、好ましくは0.8〜3モルの範囲が良い。
【0046】
分解工程では塩化銅、酢酸銅、銅粉及び硫酸銅と食塩との混合物等の銅系触媒並びに二酸化イオウをジアゾ分解触媒として用いて分解を行う。ジアゾ分解触媒として塩化銅のようなハロゲン供給源を用いない場合は、塩酸、臭化水素酸及びヨウ化カリウム等のハロゲン供給源を添加するか、ジアゾニウム塩の合成時に塩酸及び臭化水素酸、HBF4等の存在下で行う。
【0047】
分解工程の温度は通常−30〜80℃、ジアゾニウムテトラフルオロボラートの熱分解(Schiemann反応)の場合は室温〜200℃の範囲で行われる。
【0048】
(E工程)
E工程における酸化方法としては、1)過マンガン酸カリウム、2)活性二酸化マンガン、3)二クロム酸塩、4)酸化クロム(VI)、5)酸化鉛(IV)、6)硝酸酸化及び7)触媒存在下での酸素酸化等が挙げられる。以下にそれぞれについて、詳しく述べる。
【0049】
1)過マンガン酸カリウムの使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1モルに対して、通常0.5〜10モル、好ましくは1.0〜5モルの範囲が良い。
反応温度は室温〜150℃、好ましくは50℃〜120℃の範囲が良い。
反応は無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒を用いることもできる。溶媒としては、水が一般的であるが反応に対して安定なものであれば用いることができる。例としてアセトン、酢酸及びピリジンなどが挙げられる。また、それらと水との混合溶媒を用いることもできる。
反応は中性条件以外に、塩酸及び硫酸等の鉱酸並びに酢酸を添加した酸性条件や、水酸化ナトリウム及び水酸化カリウム等の無機塩基並びにピリジン等の有機塩基を添加した塩基性条件下でも行うことができる。
【0050】
2)活性二酸化マンガンの使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1モルに対して、通常1〜30モル、好ましくは2〜20モルの範囲が良い。
反応温度は0℃〜150℃、好ましくは室温〜120℃の範囲が良い。
反応は無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒を用いることもできる。溶媒としては、反応に対して安定なものであれば用いることができる。一般的にはヘキサン、ヘプタン等の脂肪族炭化水素類、塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、四塩化炭素及び1,1,1−トリクロロエタン等のハロゲン化炭化水素類、ベンゼン、トルエン及びキシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類、クロロベンゼン、ジクロロベンゼン及び3,4−ジクロロトルエン等のハロゲン置換芳香族炭化水素類、アニソール及び1,2−ジメトキシベンゼン等のアルコキシ置換芳香族炭化水素類、ジエチルエーテル、ジプロピルエーテル、メチルターシャリーブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジブチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン及びジオキサン等のエーテル類及び酢酸エチル等のエステル類、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン及びメチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン類、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド並びに硫酸等が挙げられる。上記溶媒の2種以上を混合または分散しても使用できる。
【0051】
3)二クロム酸塩としては、二クロム酸カリウム(K2Cr2O7)と二クロム酸ナトリウム(Na2Cr2O7)が挙げられる。
二クロム酸塩の使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1モルに対して、通常0.8〜10モル、好ましくは1〜5モルの範囲が良い。
反応温度は0℃〜300℃の範囲が良い。
反応は無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒を用いることもできる。溶媒としては、反応に対して安定なものであれば用いることができる。一般的には、水、硫酸及び酢酸等が用いられる。上記溶媒の2種以上を混合または分散しても使用できる。濃硫酸を使用する場合、用いる量は、二クロム酸塩に対して通常1〜10モル倍、好ましくは1〜6モル倍の範囲が良い。
【0052】
4)酸化クロム(VI)の使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1モルに対して、通常0.8〜10モルの範囲が良い。
反応温度は0℃〜150℃の範囲が良い。
反応は無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒を用いることもできる。溶媒としては、反応に対して安定なものであれば用いることができる。一般的には、水、硫酸、酢酸及び無水酢酸等が用いられる。上記溶媒の2種以上を混合または分散しても使用できる。
【0053】
5)酸化鉛(IV)の使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1モルに対して、通常0.8〜20モルの範囲が良い。
反応温度は0℃〜300℃の範囲が良い。反応は無溶媒でも可能であるが、溶媒を用いることもできる。溶媒としては、反応に対して安定なものであれば用いることができる。一般的には、水及び酢酸等の低級脂肪酸が用いられる。上記溶媒の2種以上を混合または分散しても使用できる。また、水を溶媒として用いる場合、水酸化ナトリウムあるいは水酸化カリウム等を添加して反応をおこなうこともできる。
【0054】
6)硝酸酸化では、通常希硝酸あるいは濃硝酸の形で、溶媒も兼ねて反応が行われる。希硝酸あるいは濃硝酸の使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール1重量部に対して、通常1〜30重量部の範囲が良い。
反応温度は0℃〜300℃の範囲が良い。反応は加圧条件下で行うこともできる。圧力の範囲としては、常圧〜50MPaが良い。
【0055】
7)触媒存在下での酸素酸化に使用される金属化合物触媒としては、ギ酸コバルト、酢酸コバルト、オクチル酸コバルト及びナフテン酸コバルト等の有機酸コバルト塩、コバルトアセチルアセトナト等のキレート化合物、塩化コバルト、臭化コバルト、ヨウ化コバルト及び炭酸コバルト等のコバルト塩、ギ酸マンガン、酢酸マンガン、オクチル酸マンガン及びナフテン酸マンガン等の有機酸マンガン塩、マンガンアセチルアセトナト等のキレート化合物、塩化マンガン、臭化マンガン、ヨウ化マンガン及び炭酸マンガン等のマンガン塩、ギ酸セリウム、酢酸セリウム、オクチル酸セリウム及びナフテン酸セリウム等の有機酸セリウム塩、セリウムアセチルアセトナト等のキレート化合物、塩化セリウム、臭化セリウム、ヨウ化セリウム、炭酸セリウム等のセリウム塩、ギ酸ジルコニウム、酢酸ジルコニウム、オクチル酸ジルコニウム及びナフテン酸ジルコニウム等の有機酸ジルコニウム塩、ジルコニウムアセチルアセトナト等のキレート化合物並びに塩化ジルコニウム、臭化ジルコニウム、ヨウ化ジルコニウム及び炭酸ジルコニウム等のジルコニウム塩等が挙げられ、これらの化合物が単独に、または組み合せて触媒として使用されるが、反応性、経済性等を考慮すると、コバルトおよび/またはマンガンの化合物を用いることが好ましい。
【0056】
またもう一方の触媒成分である臭素化合物としては、臭化リチウム、臭化ナトリウム、臭化カリウム、臭化アンモニウム、臭素、臭化水素、四臭化炭素、ブロモホルム、二臭化エチレン、臭化メチル及び臭化エチル等の無機、有機の臭素化合物を用いることができる。汎用性、経済性及び反応性等を考慮すると臭化ナトリウム、臭化カリウム及び臭化アンモニウム等の塩類または臭化水素を用いることが好ましい。また前述の金属成分との塩として、臭化コバルト、臭化マンガン及び臭化セリウム等を用いることも好ましい。
これら金属および臭素の触媒としての使用量は、式(7)のピラゾール化合物に対して、各々0.001〜20モル%の範囲で選択するが、特に0.01〜10モル%が好ましい。実際にはこの濃度範囲の中で、最適な反応活性が得られるように、各成分の触媒組成を調整することが、経済的にも好ましい。
例えば、ピラゾール化合物に対して、酢酸コバルト0.5〜5モル%、酢酸マンガン0.01〜1モル%、臭化ナトリウム0.5〜10モル%である触媒組成、酢酸セリウム0.5〜5モル%、酢酸マンガン0.01〜1モル%、臭化ナトリウム0.5〜10モル%である触媒組成及び臭化コバルト0.5〜5モル%、臭化マンガン0.01〜1モル%である触媒組成等は、極めて優れた反応の活性と選択性を有している。
【0057】
また、前記の金属触媒及び臭素化合物を用いない系として、t−BuOK/DMSOを使用するものがある。
反応に用いる酸素含有ガスとしては、純酸素ガスでも、純酸素または空気を反応に不活性なガスで希釈した酸素含有ガスのいずれも用いることができる。
反応に不活性な希釈ガスとしては、窒素、アルゴン及び炭酸ガス等が挙げられるが、汎用性から窒素ガスを用いることが好ましく、一般には空気または空気に酸素または窒素を添加して、所望の酸素ガス濃度としたものを用いることが好ましい。
【0058】
反応中のガス全圧としては、通常常圧〜20Mpa、操作性、安全性等を考慮すると常圧〜10Mpaの範囲から選択することが好ましい。また酸素ガス分圧としては、0.01〜10Mpaの範囲で選択するが、一般には常圧〜5Mpaが好ましい。
反応温度は80〜300℃、生産性、安全性等を考慮すると、100〜250℃で行なうことが好ましい。
反応は、無溶媒でも可能であるが、操作性、安全性の点から、溶媒を用いて希釈条件下で行なうことが好ましい。
溶媒としては、反応に対して安定であるものであれば、用いることができるが、一般には酢酸、プロピオン酸及び酪酸等の低級脂肪酸類、特に酢酸が好ましい。
【0059】
なお、上記A〜Fの各工程毎に目的物を精製、単離せずに、任意の一連の工程を連続して実施することもできる。
【0060】
【実施例】
以下、実施例をあげ本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0061】
(A工程)
実施例1)
t−ブトキシカリウム86.73gを乾燥THF500mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、50℃に加熱した中に、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル50.0g、プロピオニトリル21.30g及び乾燥THF50mlの混合溶液を1.5時間で滴下した。同じ温度を保ちながらさらに5時間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に、35%塩酸70ml及び水500mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液704.43gをガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが37.05g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸エチルを基準にして収率70%であった。
この抽出液を減圧溶媒留去した後、減圧蒸留を行い、71.5〜75.5℃/
20mmHgの留分25.55g(GC分析値95.4%)及び76〜80℃/20mmHgの留分11.13g(GC分析値90.0%)を得た。
【0062】
実施例2)
t−ブトキシカリウム8.67gを乾燥THF50mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、50℃に加熱した中に、トリフルオロ酢酸メチル4.51g、プロピオニトリル4.26g及び乾燥THF5mlの混合溶液を1.5時間で滴下した。同じ温度を保ちながらさらに5時間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に、35%塩酸5ml及び水100mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが3.67g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸メチルを基準にして収率69%であった。
【0063】
実施例3)
t−ブトキシカリウム5.13gを乾燥トルエン100mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、50℃に加熱した中に、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル5g、プロピオニトリル4.26g及び乾燥トルエン5mlの混合溶液を1時間で滴下した。同じ温度を保ちながらさらに5時間撹拌した後、反応液に35%塩酸5ml及び水100mlを加え酸性にした後、有機層を分離した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが2.55g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸エチルを基準にして収率48%であった。
【0064】
実施例4)
t−ブトキシカリウム8.67gをt−ブタノール50mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、プロピオニトリル2.13gを加えた。 上記の混合液を50℃に加熱した中に、トリフルオロ酢酸エチル5g及びt−ブタノール5mlの混合溶液を1時間で滴下した。同じ温度を保ちながらさらに5時間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に35%塩酸7ml及び水100mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが3.57g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸エチルを基準にして収率67%であった。
【0065】
実施例5)
t−ブトキシカリウム8.67gを乾燥THF50mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、室温でトリフルオロ酢酸エチル5g、プロピオニトリル2.13g及び乾燥THF5mlの混合溶液を1時間で滴下した。その後、室温で3日間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に、35%塩酸5ml及び水100mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが3.27g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸エチルを基準にして収率62%であった。
【0066】
実施例6)
乾燥THF25mlにトリフルオロ酢酸クロリド4.73gを室温で吹き込み、溶解させたところに、プロピオニトリル2.13gを加えた。 t−ブトキシカリウム8.67gを乾燥THF30mlに溶解した中に上記の混合液を、30℃以下になるように冷却しながら2時間で滴下した。室温で1時間撹拌後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に、1N塩酸水溶液70mlと水30mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが5.24g含まれていた。これはトリフルオロ酢酸クロリドを基準にして収率97%であった。
【0067】
実施例7)
t−ブトキシカリウム8.67gを乾燥THF30mlに溶解し、充分に窒素置換した後、室温で無水トリフルオロ酢酸7.39g、プロピオニトリル2.13g及び乾燥THF25mlの混合溶液を2時間で滴下した。室温で1.5時間撹拌した後、溶媒を減圧留去した。溶媒留去後の反応液に、35%塩酸7ml及び水100mlを加え酸性にした後、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで2回抽出後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液をガスクロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリルが1.06g含まれていた。これは無水トリフルオロ酢酸を基準にして収率20%であった。
【0068】
(B工程)
実施例8)
3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリル5.0g(0.0331mol)をエタノール50mlに溶解した中に、ヒドラジン水和物1.99gを加え、加熱還流下で4時間反応させた。室温にもどした後、水を加え、減圧で溶媒を留去した。酢酸エチルで抽出した後、水層から酢酸エチルで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、析出した黄色結晶をイソプロピルエーテルとn−ヘキサンの混合溶媒で洗浄することにより、目的の5−アミノ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾールを収率83%で得た。このものは、融点125℃
の結晶で、60MHzの1H−NMR(測定溶媒:CDCl3、内部標準物質:TMS)を測定したところ、δ1.98にメチル基、δ4.0〜δ4.5付近にアミノ基のシグナルが観測された。
【0069】
(C工程)
実施例9)
5−アミノ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾール0.5g(3.03mmol)をTHF5mlに溶解した中に、t−ブトキシカリウム0.37gを室温で加え、5分間撹拌した。混合溶液中に、ヨウ化メチル0.52gを室温で加えた後、同じ温度で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注いだ後、クロロホルムで抽出した。水層からクロロホルムで抽出した後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の5−アミノ−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールが49%の収率で得られていた。
【0070】
実施例10)
5−アミノ−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−メチルピラゾール0.5g(3.03mmol)をTHF5mlに溶解した中に、60%水素化ナトリウム0.13gを室温で加え、15分間撹拌した。混合溶液中に、ジメチル硫酸0.46gを室温で加えた後、同じ温度で一晩撹拌した。反応液を水に注いだ後、クロロホルムで抽出した。水層からクロロホルムで抽出した後、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の5−アミノ−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールが39%の収率で得られていた。
【0071】
(F工程)
実施例11)
3−オキソ−4,4,4−トリフルオロ−2−メチルブタンニトリル20.0g(0.1325mol)をエタノール200mlに溶解した中に、98%メチルヒドラジン7.70gを加え、加熱還流下で4時間反応させた。室温にもどした後、水を加え、減圧で溶媒を留去した。酢酸エチルで抽出した後、水層から酢酸エチルで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせて水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、溶媒を減圧留去し、析出した結晶をn−ヘキサンで洗浄することにより、目的の5−アミノ−1,4−ジメチルー3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールを収率82%で得た。このものは、融点70.7℃の白色結晶であった。
【0072】
(D工程)
実施例12)
5−アミノ−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾール5.0g(0.0279mol)を35%塩酸水溶液25mlに溶解した中に、亜硝酸ナトリウム2.5gを水5mlに溶解した液を、10℃以下で滴下した。同じ温度で30分撹拌後、尿素0.33gを加え、過剰の亜硝酸ナトリウムを分解した。その後、スラリー状態のジアゾニウム液を、SO2ガス0.9gを1、2−ジクロルエタン40mlに溶解した中に10℃以下で分注した。室温まで徐々に昇温した後、1時間撹拌した。反応液を水で希釈後、1、2−ジクロルエタンで抽出した。水層から1、2−ジクロルエタンで2回抽出し、先の有機層と合わせ、水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールが85%の収率で得られていた。溶媒を減圧留去した後、減圧蒸留を行った。105〜106℃/80mmHgの留分が、目的の5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールであった。60MHzの1H−NMR(測定溶媒:CDCl3、内部標準物質:TMS)を測定したところ、δ2.10とδ3.83にメチル基のシグナルが観測された。
【0073】
実施例13)
5−アミノ−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾール1.0g(5.59mmol)を35%塩酸水溶液5mlに溶解した中に、亜硝酸ナトリウム0.5gを水3mlに溶解した液を、10℃以下で滴下した。同じ温度で30分撹拌した。塩化第一銅0.55gを35%塩酸水溶液3mlと1,2−ジクロルエタン8mlに溶解した中に、先のスラリー状態のジアゾニウム液を30〜35℃で分注した。同じ温度で1時間撹拌後、水で希釈し、酢酸エチルで抽出した。水層から酢酸エチルで抽出し、先の有機層と合わせ、水で洗浄した。無水硫酸ナトリウムで乾燥後、抽出液を高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析したところ、目的の5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールが59%の収率で得られていた。
【0074】
(E工程)
実施例14)
内容量100mlのチタン製オートクレーブに、5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾール1.99g(10mmol)、酢酸コバルト・2水塩63.9mg(3.0mol%)、酢酸セリウム・1水塩25.1mg(0.75mol%)、臭化ナトリウム61.7mg(6.0mol%)及び酢酸40mlを仕込み、空気を2Mpa圧入し、撹拌しながら昇温して、温度175℃に達した時点で純酸素により、全圧を3.5Mpaに調整した。その後、圧力を保つように酸素を供給し、合計6時間反応を行なった。冷却後、反応液を取り出して、高速液体クロマトグラフィーで分析を行なった結果、原料の5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールの転化率は96.7%であり、生成物として5−クロル−1−メチル−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−ピラゾールカルボン酸が95.5%の収率で得られていた。
【0075】
実施例15)
内容量100mlのチタン製オートクレーブを用いて、臭化ナトリウム61.7mg(6.0mol%)の代わりに臭化水素酸(47%)103.3mg(6.0mol%)を用いた以外は、実施例14)と全く同様に反応を行なった。高速液体クロマトグラフィーでの分析の結果、原料の5−クロル−1,4−ジメチル−3−トリフルオロメチルピラゾールの転化率は99.1%であり、生成物として5−クロル−1−メチル−3−トリフルオロメチル−4−ピラゾールカルボン酸が97.0%の収率で得られていた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a novel method for producing a pyrazole compound useful as an intermediate for producing physiologically active substances such as pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals, and a novel pyrazole compound.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems]
[0003]
Embedded image
(Wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourIt is described in WO 97/40009 that a pyrazole compound represented by the formula (I represents an alkyl group and X represents a halogen atom) is useful as an intermediate for producing an insecticidal and acaricidal active compound.
[0004]
As a method for producing 5-chloro-1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid, J. Org. Heterocyclic Chem. 27, 243 (1990) describes a method in which a 5-pyrazolone compound is subjected to a Vilsmeier reaction and then oxidized with potassium permanganate. However, when industrial production is considered, the Vilsmeier reaction has many problems such as treatment of wastewater containing phosphoric acid.
[0005]
1-alkyl-5-halo-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazoles have not been known so far, and therefore their synthesis methods are not known.
[0006]
5-Amino-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazole has not been known so far, and therefore its synthesis method is not known.
[0007]
As a method for synthesizing 1-alkyl-5-amino-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazoles, J. et al. Chem. Res. , Synop. 198 (1995) describes a method of reacting 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile with methylhydrazine. However, this method uses expensive methyl hydrazine.
[0008]
As a method for obtaining 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile from a trifluoroacetic acid derivative and propionitrile, for example, (1) J. Org. Chem. Res. , Synop. 476 (1995) describes a method of reacting ethyl trifluoroacetate and propionitrile in the presence of sodium hydride. (2) JP-A-62-296479 and JP-A-63-264448 disclose a method of reacting trifluoroacetic acid. A process is described in which methyl and propionitrile are reacted in the presence of lithium diisopropylamide. However, in consideration of industrial production, the use of sodium hydride or lithium diisopropylamide has many problems from the economical and safety aspects, and other industrial production methods are required.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have completed the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the present invention relates to the following production methods described in [1] to [5] and novel compounds described in [6] and [7].
[1] Using t-butoxypotassium as a base, formula (1):
CFThreeCoy
[Wherein Y is a halogen atom, OCOCFThreeOr OR (R is C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group. ). ]
A trifluoroacetic acid derivative represented by formula (2):
CHThreeCH2CN
Wherein propionitrile represented by formula (3) is reacted:
[0011]
Embedded image
(Hereinafter referred to as step A).
[2] Formula (3):
[0012]
Embedded image
Wherein the compound represented by formula (4) is reacted with hydrazine:
[0013]
Embedded image
The manufacturing method of the pyrazole compound represented by these (henceforth B process).
[3] Formula (4):
[0014]
Embedded image
Wherein the pyrazole compound represented by the formula (5) is alkylated by reacting with an alkylating agent in the presence of a base:
[0015]
Embedded image
(Where R1 is C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group. ] The manufacturing method of the pyrazole compound represented by this (henceforth C process).
[4] Formula (4):
[0016]
Embedded image
Or formula (5):
[0017]
Embedded image
(Where R1 is C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group. In the presence of a mineral or organic acid, the pyrazole compound is converted to a diazonium salt using a nitrous acid source, and then in the presence of a catalytic halogen source or in the presence of a catalyst and a halogen source. Formula (7) characterized by diazo decomposition:
[0018]
Embedded image
(Wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group, and X represents a halogen atom. ] The manufacturing method of the pyrazole compound represented by this (Hereinafter, it is called the D process. Moreover, R2 is C.1~ CFourIn the case of an alkyl group, it is referred to as step D1, and when R2 is a hydrogen atom, it is referred to as step D2. ).
[5] Formula (7):
[0019]
Embedded image
(In the formula, R2 hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group, and X represents a halogen atom. And a pyrazole compound represented by formula (8):
[0020]
Embedded image
(Wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group, and X represents a halogen atom. ] The manufacturing method of the pyrazole compound represented by this (it is hereafter called E process).
[6] Formula (4):
[0021]
Embedded image
A pyrazole compound represented by:
[7] Formula (7):
[0022]
Embedded image
(Wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group, and X represents a halogen atom. ] The pyrazole compound represented by this.
[0023]
Formula (3):
[0024]
Embedded image
And a compound represented by formula (6):
R1-NHNH2
(Where R1 is C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group. By reacting an alkylhydrazine represented by the formula (5):
[0025]
Embedded image
(Where R1 is C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group. Hereinafter, the method for producing the pyrazole compound is referred to as F step.
[0026]
The relationship between each process is the formula
[0027]
Embedded image
Can be expressed as
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In this invention, you may implement the said A process-F process in multiple numbers continuously, for example, A process-> B process (it means implementing B process after implementing A process. Hereinafter, similarly. B) → C process, A process → B process → C process, A process → F process, C process → D1 process, B process → C process → D1 process, A process → B process → C process → D1 process, F process → D1 process, A process → F process → D1 process, B process → D2 process, A process → B process → D2 process, D process → E process, C process → D1 process → E process, B process → C process → D1 process → E process, A process → B process → C process → D1 process → E process, F process → D1 process → E process, A process → F process → D1 process → E process, B process → D2 Process → E process and A process → B process → D2 process → E process.
[0029]
Examples of R, R1, R2, X, and Y in formulas (1), (5), (6), (7), and (8) will be described.
C in the definition of R, R1 and R2.1~ CFourExamples of the alkyl group include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, iso-propyl group, n-butyl group, iso-butyl group, sec-butyl group and tert-butyl group.
Examples of the halogen atom in the definition of X and Y include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
[0030]
(Process A)
The compound of formula (3) in step A is represented by the formula
[0031]
Embedded image
It may exist in the tautomeric form represented by
In addition, the compound of formula (3) has the formula
[0032]
Embedded image
It also exists as a hydrate represented by:
[0033]
The amount of propionitrile of formula (2) used in step A is usually 0.5 to 10 mol, preferably 0.9 to 5 mol, per 1 mol of the trifluoroacetic acid derivative of formula (1).
The amount of t-butoxy potassium used for the reaction is usually 0.5 to 5 mol, preferably 1 to 3 mol, per 1 mol of the trifluoroacetic acid derivative of the formula (1).
[0034]
Step A can be performed in a solvent inert to the reaction. Examples of the solvent include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene and toluene, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, and 1 And ethers such as 2-diethoxyethane, amides such as N, N-dimethylformamide and N, N-dimethylacetamide, t-butanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane, and mixed solvents thereof.
The reaction temperature is generally −30 ° C. to 150 ° C., preferably 0 ° C. to 100 ° C.
After completion of the reaction, the target product can be obtained by acidifying the reaction solution with hydrochloric acid or the like and then extracting with a suitable organic solvent. If necessary, the target solvent can be obtained by removing the reaction solvent by distillation under reduced pressure or the like and performing the same operation. Moreover, this thing can be refine | purified by purification methods, such as distillation and column chromatography.
[0035]
(Process B)
The unsubstituted hydrazine in Step B can be used in the form of hydrates, aqueous solutions, and inorganic salts such as hydrochlorides and sulfates.
The amount of unsubstituted hydrazine to be used is generally 0.5 to 10 mol, preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, per 1 mol of the substrate.
The reaction temperature is generally −10 to 200 ° C., preferably 10 to 150 ° C.
[0036]
(Process C)
As the alkylating agent in Step C, methyl chloride, methyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl chloride, ethyl bromide, ethyl iodide, propyl chloride, propyl bromide, propyl iodide, isopropyl chloride, isopropyl bromide, iodine Isopropyl chloride,
Alkyl halides such as butyl chloride, butyl bromide, butyl iodide, isobutyl chloride, isobutyl bromide, isobutyl iodide, sec-butyl chloride, sec-butyl bromide and sec-butyl iodide, dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate And esters such as dimethyl carbonate and methyl formate.
The amount of the alkylating agent used is usually in the range of 0.5 to 20, preferably 0.5 to 5 mol per mol of the substrate.
[0037]
As the base in Step C, sodium hydride, potassium hydride, lithium hydride, metallic sodium, metallic potassium, metallic lithium, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide , Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, barium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, and other inorganic bases, and sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide, t-butoxy potassium, trimethylamine , Organic bases such as triethylamine, pyridine, butyllithium and lithium diisopropylamide.
The amount of base used is usually in the range of 0.5 to 20 moles per mole of substrate.
A range of −10 to 200 ° C. is usually employed as the reaction temperature in the step C.
[0038]
(F process)
The alkyl hydrazine of the formula (6) in the F step can be used in the form of an aqueous solution and an inorganic salt such as hydrochloride or sulfate.
The amount of the alkylhydrazine of the formula (6) to be used is usually 0.5 to 10 mol, preferably 0.8 to 5 mol, per 1 mol of the substrate.
The reaction temperature is generally −10 to 200 ° C., preferably 10 to 150 ° C.
[0039]
(B, C and F processes)
The reaction in the B step, the C step and the F step can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. Solvents include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and heptane, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene, chlorobenzene and dichlorobenzene. And halogen-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as 3,4-dichlorotoluene, alkoxy-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as anisole and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, methyl tertiary butyl ether, ethylene glycol di Ethers such as butyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, butanol and amyl alcohol, and N, N-dimethylformamide and acetonitrile Protonic polar solvents. Two or more of the above solvents can be mixed or dispersed. In some cases, the reaction can be carried out in a two-layer system with water.
[0040]
After completion of the reaction, the target product can be obtained by distilling off the solvent under reduced pressure as necessary, adding water to the reaction mixture, and extracting with an organic solvent. Moreover, this thing can be refine | purified by purification methods, such as recrystallization and column chromatography.
[0041]
(D process)
Step D comprises a diazotization step for deriving the aminopyrazole compound of formula (4) or formula (5) to a diazonium salt, and a decomposition step for decomposing the formed diazonium salt to obtain a pyrazole compound of formula (7). .
[0042]
Embedded image
(Wherein R2 is a hydrogen atom or C1~ CFourRepresents an alkyl group, and X represents a halogen atom. ]
Examples of the acid used in the diazotization step include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, and organic acids such as acetic acid, but it is preferable to use mineral acids. A mixture of these may also be used.
[0043]
The temperature of the diazotization step is usually −30 to 50 ° C., preferably −10 ° C. to room temperature.
[0044]
Sources of nitrite include nitrites such as sodium nitrite, potassium nitrite and calcium nitrite, inorganic compounds such as nitrosyl chloride, nitrogen trioxide and nitric oxide, amyl nitrite, t-butyl nitrite and methyl nitrite Nitrite esters such as nitrite can be used, but nitrite is preferably used.
[0045]
The amount of the nitrous acid source used is 0.5 to 10 mol, preferably 0.8 to 3 mol, relative to 1 mol of the substrate.
[0046]
In the decomposition step, the decomposition is carried out using copper-based catalyst such as copper chloride, copper acetate, copper powder and a mixture of copper sulfate and sodium chloride and sulfur dioxide as a diazo decomposition catalyst. When a halogen source such as copper chloride is not used as a diazo decomposition catalyst, a halogen source such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and potassium iodide is added, or hydrochloric acid and hydrobromic acid are used during the synthesis of the diazonium salt. HBFFourEtc. in the presence of
[0047]
The temperature of the decomposition step is usually from -30 to 80 ° C, and in the case of thermal decomposition of the diazonium tetrafluoroborate (Schiemann reaction), it is performed in the range of room temperature to 200 ° C.
[0048]
(E process)
As oxidation methods in the E step, 1) potassium permanganate, 2) activated manganese dioxide, 3) dichromate, 4) chromium oxide (VI), 5) lead oxide (IV), 6) nitric acid oxidation and 7 ) Oxygen oxidation in the presence of a catalyst. Each is described in detail below.
[0049]
1) The usage-amount of potassium permanganate is 0.5-10 mol normally with respect to 1 mol of pyrazole of Formula (7), Preferably the range of 1.0-5 mol is good.
The reaction temperature is in the range of room temperature to 150 ° C, preferably 50 ° C to 120 ° C.
The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. As the solvent, water is generally used, but any solvent that is stable to the reaction can be used. Examples include acetone, acetic acid and pyridine. Moreover, the mixed solvent of them and water can also be used.
In addition to neutral conditions, the reaction is also performed under acidic conditions with addition of mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid and acetic acid, and basic conditions with addition of inorganic bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and organic bases such as pyridine. be able to.
[0050]
2) The amount of active manganese dioxide used is usually in the range of 1 to 30 mol, preferably 2 to 20 mol, per 1 mol of pyrazole of formula (7).
The reaction temperature is from 0 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from room temperature to 120 ° C.
The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. Any solvent that is stable to the reaction can be used. Generally, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and heptane, halogenated hydrocarbons such as methylene chloride, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride and 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene , Halogen-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene and 3,4-dichlorotoluene, alkoxy-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons such as anisole and 1,2-dimethoxybenzene, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, methyl tar Libutyl ether, ethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran and dioxane, esters such as ethyl acetate, ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, N, N-di Chill formamide, dimethyl sulfoxide and the like sulfate. Two or more of the above solvents can be mixed or dispersed.
[0051]
3) As dichromate, potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) And sodium dichromate (Na2Cr2O7).
The amount of dichromate used is usually in the range of 0.8 to 10 mol, preferably 1 to 5 mol, per 1 mol of pyrazole of formula (7).
The reaction temperature is preferably in the range of 0 ° C to 300 ° C.
The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. Any solvent that is stable to the reaction can be used. In general, water, sulfuric acid, acetic acid and the like are used. Two or more of the above solvents can be mixed or dispersed. When using concentrated sulfuric acid, the amount used is usually 1 to 10 moles, preferably 1 to 6 moles, relative to the dichromate.
[0052]
4) The amount of chromium oxide (VI) used is usually in the range of 0.8 to 10 moles per mole of pyrazole of formula (7).
The reaction temperature is preferably in the range of 0 ° C to 150 ° C.
The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. Any solvent that is stable to the reaction can be used. In general, water, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, acetic anhydride and the like are used. Two or more of the above solvents can be mixed or dispersed.
[0053]
5) The amount of lead (IV) used is usually in the range of 0.8 to 20 moles per mole of pyrazole of formula (7).
The reaction temperature is preferably in the range of 0 ° C to 300 ° C. The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but a solvent can also be used. Any solvent that is stable to the reaction can be used. Generally, lower fatty acids such as water and acetic acid are used. Two or more of the above solvents can be mixed or dispersed. When water is used as a solvent, the reaction can be carried out by adding sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
[0054]
6) In nitric acid oxidation, the reaction is usually carried out in the form of dilute nitric acid or concentrated nitric acid and also serves as a solvent. The amount of dilute nitric acid or concentrated nitric acid used is usually in the range of 1 to 30 parts by weight per 1 part by weight of the pyrazole of formula (7).
The reaction temperature is preferably in the range of 0 ° C to 300 ° C. The reaction can also be performed under pressurized conditions. The pressure range is preferably normal pressure to 50 MPa.
[0055]
7) The metal compound catalyst used for oxygen oxidation in the presence of a catalyst includes organic acid cobalt salts such as cobalt formate, cobalt acetate, cobalt octylate and cobalt naphthenate, chelate compounds such as cobalt acetylacetonate, and cobalt chloride. , Cobalt salts such as cobalt bromide, cobalt iodide and cobalt carbonate, manganese acid formate, manganese acetate, manganese octylate and manganese naphthenate, chelate compounds such as manganese acetylacetonate, manganese chloride, bromide Manganese salts such as manganese, manganese iodide and manganese carbonate, organic acid cerium salts such as cerium formate, cerium acetate, cerium octylate and cerium naphthenate, chelate compounds such as cerium acetylacetonate, cerium chloride, cerium bromide, iodine Cerium carbonate, carbonate Cerium salts such as zirconium, organic acid zirconium salts such as zirconium formate, zirconium acetate, zirconium octylate and zirconium naphthenate, chelate compounds such as zirconium acetylacetonate and zirconium chloride, zirconium bromide, zirconium iodide and zirconium carbonate Zirconium salts and the like can be mentioned, and these compounds are used alone or in combination as a catalyst. In consideration of reactivity, economy, etc., it is preferable to use a cobalt and / or manganese compound.
[0056]
Other bromine compounds as catalyst components include lithium bromide, sodium bromide, potassium bromide, ammonium bromide, bromine, hydrogen bromide, carbon tetrabromide, bromoform, ethylene dibromide, methyl bromide. Inorganic and organic bromine compounds such as ethyl bromide can also be used. Considering versatility, economy and reactivity, it is preferable to use salts such as sodium bromide, potassium bromide and ammonium bromide or hydrogen bromide. Further, it is also preferable to use cobalt bromide, manganese bromide, cerium bromide or the like as a salt with the above-described metal component.
The amount of these metals and bromine used as a catalyst is selected in the range of 0.001 to 20 mol%, particularly preferably 0.01 to 10 mol%, based on the pyrazole compound of the formula (7). Actually, it is economically preferable to adjust the catalyst composition of each component so that the optimum reaction activity can be obtained within this concentration range.
For example, the catalyst composition is 0.5 to 5 mol% cobalt acetate, 0.01 to 1 mol% manganese acetate, and 0.5 to 10 mol% sodium bromide with respect to the pyrazole compound, cerium acetate 0.5 to 5 The catalyst composition is mol%, manganese acetate 0.01-1 mol%, sodium bromide 0.5-10 mol% and cobalt bromide 0.5-5 mol%, manganese bromide 0.01-1 mol% Certain catalyst compositions have very good reaction activity and selectivity.
[0057]
In addition, there is a system using t-BuOK / DMSO as a system not using the metal catalyst and the bromine compound.
As the oxygen-containing gas used for the reaction, either pure oxygen gas or pure oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas obtained by diluting air with a gas inert to the reaction can be used.
Examples of the inert gas inert to the reaction include nitrogen, argon, carbon dioxide, etc., but it is preferable to use nitrogen gas because of its versatility. It is preferable to use a gas concentration.
[0058]
The total gas pressure during the reaction is preferably selected from the range of normal pressure to 20 Mpa, normal pressure to 10 Mpa in consideration of operability, safety and the like. The oxygen gas partial pressure is selected in the range of 0.01 to 10 Mpa, but generally normal pressure to 5 Mpa is preferable.
The reaction temperature is preferably 80 to 300 ° C., and considering the productivity, safety, etc., the reaction temperature is preferably 100 to 250 ° C.
The reaction can be performed without a solvent, but it is preferable to carry out the reaction under a diluting condition using a solvent from the viewpoint of operability and safety.
Any solvent can be used as long as it is stable to the reaction, but generally lower fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, and particularly acetic acid is preferred.
[0059]
In addition, a series of arbitrary processes can also be implemented continuously, without refine | purifying and isolating a target object for each process of said A-F.
[0060]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0061]
(Process A)
Example 1)
86.73 g of potassium t-butoxy was dissolved in 500 ml of dry THF, thoroughly purged with nitrogen, and heated to 50 ° C., and then mixed with 50.0 g of ethyl trifluoroacetate, 21.30 g of propionitrile and 50 ml of dry THF. It was dripped in 1.5 hours. After further stirring for 5 hours while maintaining the same temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. After the solvent was distilled off, the reaction solution was acidified by adding 70 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 500 ml of water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, 704.43 g of the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, 37.05 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile was contained. This was a yield of 70% based on ethyl trifluoroacetate.
After this solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, distillation under reduced pressure was performed to obtain 71.5-75.5 ° C /
There were obtained 25.55 g of a 20 mmHg fraction (GC analysis value 95.4%) and 11.13 g of a 76-80 ° C./20 mmHg fraction (GC analysis value 90.0%).
[0062]
Example 2)
Dissolve 8.67 g of potassium t-butoxy in 50 ml of dry THF, thoroughly purge with nitrogen, and then heat to 50 ° C. to mix a mixed solution of 4.51 g of methyl trifluoroacetate, 4.26 g of propionitrile and 5 ml of dry THF. It was dripped in 1.5 hours. After further stirring for 5 hours while maintaining the same temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture after evaporation of the solvent was acidified by adding 5 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 100 ml of water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain 3.67 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile. This was a yield of 69% based on methyl trifluoroacetate.
[0063]
Example 3)
Dissolve 5.13 g of t-butoxypotassium in 100 ml of dry toluene, thoroughly purge with nitrogen, and then heat to 50 ° C. It was dripped in 1 hour. After further stirring for 5 hours while maintaining the same temperature, the reaction solution was acidified by adding 5 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 100 ml of water, and then the organic layer was separated. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, 2.55 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile was contained. This was a yield of 48% based on ethyl trifluoroacetate.
[0064]
Example 4)
8.67 g of t-butoxypotassium was dissolved in 50 ml of t-butanol and thoroughly purged with nitrogen, and then 2.13 g of propionitrile was added. While the above mixture was heated to 50 ° C., a mixed solution of 5 g of ethyl trifluoroacetate and 5 ml of t-butanol was added dropwise over 1 hour. After further stirring for 5 hours while maintaining the same temperature, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture after evaporation of the solvent was acidified by adding 7 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 100 ml of water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain 3.57 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile. This was a 67% yield based on ethyl trifluoroacetate.
[0065]
Example 5)
8.67 g of t-butoxypotassium was dissolved in 50 ml of dry THF and thoroughly purged with nitrogen, and then a mixed solution of 5 g of ethyl trifluoroacetate, 2.13 g of propionitrile and 5 ml of dry THF was added dropwise at room temperature over 1 hour. Then, after stirring at room temperature for 3 days, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture after evaporation of the solvent was acidified by adding 5 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 100 ml of water, and then extracted with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain 3.27 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile. This was a yield of 62% based on ethyl trifluoroacetate.
[0066]
Example 6)
To the 25 ml of dry THF, 4.73 g of trifluoroacetic acid chloride was blown at room temperature and dissolved, and 2.13 g of propionitrile was added. To a solution of 8.67 g of potassium t-butoxy in 30 ml of dry THF, the above mixture was added dropwise over 2 hours while cooling to 30 ° C. or lower. After stirring at room temperature for 1 hour, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture after evaporation of the solvent was acidified by adding 70 ml of 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid and 30 ml of water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography and found to contain 5.24 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile. This was a 97% yield based on trifluoroacetic acid chloride.
[0067]
Example 7)
8.67 g of t-butoxy potassium was dissolved in 30 ml of dry THF and thoroughly purged with nitrogen, and then a mixed solution of 7.39 g of trifluoroacetic anhydride, 2.13 g of propionitrile and 25 ml of dry THF was added dropwise at room temperature over 2 hours. After stirring at room temperature for 1.5 hours, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The reaction mixture after evaporation of the solvent was acidified by adding 7 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid and 100 ml of water, followed by extraction with ethyl acetate. After extracting twice from the aqueous layer with ethyl acetate, the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by gas chromatography. As a result, 1.06 g of the desired 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile was contained. This was a yield of 20% based on trifluoroacetic anhydride.
[0068]
(Process B)
Example 8)
To a solution of 5.0 g (0.0331 mol) of 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile in 50 ml of ethanol was added 1.99 g of hydrazine hydrate. Reacted for hours. After returning to room temperature, water was added and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the precipitated yellow crystals were washed with a mixed solvent of isopropyl ether and n-hexane to obtain the desired 5-amino-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazole. Was obtained in a yield of 83%. This one has a melting point of 125 ° C
Of 60MHz1H-NMR (measurement solvent: CDClThree, Internal standard substance: TMS), a methyl group signal was observed at δ1.98 and an amino group signal was observed at around δ4.0 to δ4.5.
[0069]
(Process C)
Example 9)
To a solution of 0.5 g (3.03 mmol) of 5-amino-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazole in 5 ml of THF, 0.37 g of potassium t-butoxy was added at room temperature and stirred for 5 minutes. In the mixed solution, 0.52 g of methyl iodide was added at room temperature, followed by stirring at the same temperature overnight. The reaction solution was poured into water and extracted with chloroform. After extraction from the aqueous layer with chloroform, the organic layer was washed with water together with the previous organic layer. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. As a result, the desired 5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was obtained in a yield of 49%.
[0070]
Example 10)
To a solution of 0.5 g (3.03 mmol) of 5-amino-3-trifluoromethyl-4-methylpyrazole in 5 ml of THF, 0.13 g of 60% sodium hydride was added at room temperature and stirred for 15 minutes. To the mixed solution, 0.46 g of dimethyl sulfate was added at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred overnight at the same temperature. The reaction solution was poured into water and extracted with chloroform. After extraction from the aqueous layer with chloroform, the combined organic layer was washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The target 5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was obtained in a yield of 39%.
[0071]
(F process)
Example 11)
To a solution of 20.0 g (0.1325 mol) of 3-oxo-4,4,4-trifluoro-2-methylbutanenitrile in 200 ml of ethanol, 7.70 g of 98% methyl hydrazine was added and heated under reflux. Reacted for hours. After returning to room temperature, water was added and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, and the organic layer was combined and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the precipitated crystals were washed with n-hexane to obtain the desired 5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole in a yield of 82%. Obtained. This was a white crystal having a melting point of 70.7 ° C.
[0072]
(D process)
Example 12)
A solution prepared by dissolving 2.5 g of sodium nitrite in 5 ml of water while dissolving 5.0 g (0.0279 mol) of 5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole in 25 ml of 35% aqueous hydrochloric acid. It was dripped at 10 ° C. or lower. After stirring for 30 minutes at the same temperature, 0.33 g of urea was added to decompose excess sodium nitrite. Thereafter, the diazonium liquid in a slurry state was dispensed at 10 ° C. or less while 0.9 g of SO 2 gas was dissolved in 40 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane. The mixture was gradually warmed to room temperature and stirred for 1 hour. The reaction solution was diluted with water and extracted with 1,2-dichloroethane. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with 1,2-dichloroethane, combined with the previous organic layer, and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The target 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was obtained in a yield of 85%. After the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, vacuum distillation was performed. The fraction of 105-106 ° C./80 mmHg was the desired 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole. 60MHz1H-NMR (measurement solvent: CDClThree, Internal standard substance: TMS), methyl group signals were observed at δ2.10 and δ3.83.
[0073]
Example 13)
A solution in which 0.5 g of sodium nitrite was dissolved in 3 ml of water while 1.0 g (5.59 mmol) of 5-amino-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was dissolved in 5 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution. It was dripped at 10 ° C. or lower. Stir at the same temperature for 30 minutes. The diazonium liquid in the slurry state was dispensed at 30 to 35 ° C. in 0.55 g of cuprous chloride dissolved in 3 ml of 35% hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and 8 ml of 1,2-dichloroethane. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 hour, diluted with water, and extracted with ethyl acetate. The aqueous layer was extracted with ethyl acetate, combined with the previous organic layer, and washed with water. After drying over anhydrous sodium sulfate, the extract was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. The target 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was obtained in a yield of 59%.
[0074]
(E process)
Example 14)
In a titanium autoclave with an internal volume of 100 ml, 1.99 g (10 mmol) of 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole, 63.9 mg (3.0 mol%) of cobalt acetate dihydrate, cerium acetate・ 25.1 mg (0.75 mol%) of monohydrate, 61.7 mg (6.0 mol%) of sodium bromide and 40 ml of acetic acid were charged, air was injected under a pressure of 2 Mpa, and the temperature was raised while stirring to reach a temperature of 175 ° C. When reached, the total pressure was adjusted to 3.5 Mpa with pure oxygen. Thereafter, oxygen was supplied so as to maintain the pressure, and the reaction was performed for a total of 6 hours. After cooling, the reaction solution was taken out and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography. As a result, the conversion rate of the raw material 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was 96.7%, As a product, 5-chloro-1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid was obtained in a yield of 95.5%.
[0075]
Example 15)
Using a titanium autoclave with an internal volume of 100 ml, except that hydrobromic acid (47%) 103.3 mg (6.0 mol%) was used instead of sodium bromide 61.7 mg (6.0 mol%). The reaction was carried out exactly as in Example 14). As a result of analysis by high performance liquid chromatography, the conversion rate of the raw material 5-chloro-1,4-dimethyl-3-trifluoromethylpyrazole was 99.1%, and 5-chloro-1-methyl- 3-Trifluoromethyl-4-pyrazolecarboxylic acid was obtained in a yield of 97.0%.
Claims (1)
CF3COY
〔式中、Yはハロゲン原子、OCOCF3またはOR(RはC1〜C4のアルキル基を表わす。)を表す。〕
で表されるトリフルオロ酢酸誘導体と、式(2):
CH3CH2CN
で表されるプロピオニトリルを反応させることを特徴とする、式(3):
CF 3 COY
[Wherein Y represents a halogen atom, OCOCF 3 or OR (R represents a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group). ]
A trifluoroacetic acid derivative represented by formula (2):
CH 3 CH 2 CN
Wherein propionitrile represented by the formula (3) is reacted:
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