JP4285939B2 - Topical skin preparation - Google Patents
Topical skin preparation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4285939B2 JP4285939B2 JP2002124455A JP2002124455A JP4285939B2 JP 4285939 B2 JP4285939 B2 JP 4285939B2 JP 2002124455 A JP2002124455 A JP 2002124455A JP 2002124455 A JP2002124455 A JP 2002124455A JP 4285939 B2 JP4285939 B2 JP 4285939B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- chromanone
- derivative
- chromanone derivative
- added
- chemical formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特定の構造を有する化合物を配合して成る、安全性及び安定性が高い一重項酸素消去剤、メラニン生成抑制剤、グルタチオン産生促進剤、および、美白効果、抗老化効果の改善効果の高い皮膚外用剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
加齢,紫外線曝露等により生体内に発生する活性酸素種は、皮膚のシワ形成、真皮構成成分の変成等、皮膚の老化に深くかかわることが示唆されている。そこで、ヒドロキシラジカル、一重項酸素、スーパーオキシド等の活性酸素種、脂質過酸化物等の消去あるいは生成抑制作用を有する成分に関する検討が行われているが、中でも一重項酸素は、最も反応性が高く、老化、炎症、皮膚黒化、蛋白質変性、サンバーンセル形成、脂質過酸化、DNA損傷などの一因となるといわれている。
【0003】
したがって、かかる活性酸素種を消去する物質を皮膚外用剤に配合することが、皮膚の老化を防止、改善に有効であると考えられ、植物由来のタンニン、フラボノイド、ポリフェノール化合物等をはじめとして、種々の薬用植物抽出物を活性酸素消去剤として皮膚外用剤に配合する試みがなされている。しかしながら、研究されている植物成分の多くは、活性酸素種としてスーパーオキシド、OHラジカル、ハイドロパーオキシドから発生するラジカル等を対象としたスーパーオキシドディスムターゼ(SOD)やSOD様の物質がほとんどであり、一重項酸素を対象としたものは、その種類が限定されており、さらなる新しい一重項酸素消去剤の開発が要望されていた。
【0004】
また、上述の活性酸素消去剤以外に、皮膚の老化、特にシワ形成に対して予防もしくは改善効果が有る成分として、レチン酸及びその誘導体、アスコルビン酸誘導体、ビタミンE、α−アミノ酪酸誘導体等が抗老化皮膚外用剤の有効成分として提案されている。
【0005】
また、従来から、日焼けに等による皮膚の色黒やしみ、そばかすなどの改善を目的とする美白剤の開発がなされており、メラニン生成抑制剤、チロシナーゼ抑制剤、チロシナーゼ生合成抑制剤、還元剤、およびグルタチオンなどの還元剤を細胞内で生成させる成分などが提案されている。その有効成分として、アスコルビン酸その誘導体、コウジ酸、アルブチン、ゲラニイン、没食子酸、およびコロイドイオウやグルタチオンのような含硫黄化合物、および種々の薬用植物抽出物等が使用されている。
【0006】
しかしながら、活性酸素消去剤、抗老化剤、美白剤の有効成分として従来用いられてきた植物抽出成分の中には、皮膚の老化症状の防止、改善作用が十分ではなく、美白用もしくは抗老化用皮膚外用剤に配合する場合、多量を用いる必要のある場合があった。また、植物由来の成分に関しては、安定かつ一定の品質の物が得られない場合がある。
【0007】
また、アスコルビン酸やその誘導体やコウジ酸は酸化されやすく不安定でり、グルタチオンやコロイドイオウは特有の異臭や沈澱が生じることが知られているように、植物由来の原料以外の有効成分を用いる場合も、製剤化に際して、解決しなければならない問題があることが多い。その他にも、連用により副作用の発生が懸念される有効成分もあった。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明においては、安全で有効な一重項酸素消去剤、メラニン生成抑制剤、チロシナーゼ生合成抑制剤、細胞内グルタチオン産生促進剤、並びにこれら配合してなる美白および抗老化に有効な皮膚外用剤を提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
皮膚の外観を美しく見せるために用いる皮膚外用剤は日常的に連用されるものであるため、これに配合する有効成分としては、作用が穏和で連用により十分な効果を現わし、しかも連用による副作用のないものが望まれる。
【0010】
かかる観点からは、天然物由来物質及びそれらと類似の構造を有する化合物が有効成分として好ましいものであるが、上記した作用の有効性,品質の安定性等における問題点を解決するため、われわれは、数ある候補物質に関して鋭意検討を行った。
【0011】
その結果、次にあげる特定の構造を有した化合物が有効且つ穏和な皮膚美白作用及び抗老化作用を有し、さらに安定性も高いということを見出し、発明を完成するに至った。
【0012】
すなわち、本発明は下記一般式(1)で表される化合物3,4−ジヒドロ−2H−1−ベンゾピラン−2−オン誘導体(以下、2−クロマノン誘導体)の1種又は2種以上を有効成分として含有する皮膚外用剤である。これらの2−クロマノン誘導体のうち、(2)、(4)、(6)、(7)の合成方法、およびラジカル消去作用に関しては、本発明者らが既に開示している(Biosci.Biotechnol.Biochem.,65(5),1127−1133(2001))。また(3)および(5)に関しては、別の文献にて開示されている(J.Org.Chem.,64,156−161(1999))。しかし、2−クロマノン誘導体の一重項酸素消去作用、メラニン生成抑制作用、チロシナーゼ抑制作用、細胞内グルタチオン生成促進作用の作用は、本発明によりはじめて見出され、皮膚外用剤に配合することにより、優れた美白効果および抗老化効果を発揮することははじめて見出された。
【0013】
【化2】
〔式中、R1、R2、R3、R5は水素原子、同一または異なっていても良い直鎖もしくは分岐鎖を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の炭素数1〜6の炭化水素基を示し、R4は水素原子、水酸基、直鎖もしくは分岐鎖を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の炭素数1〜6の炭化水素基、直鎖もしくは分岐鎖を有する飽和もしくは不飽和の炭素数1〜6のアルコール基、アルデヒド基、またはケトン基を示す。〕
【0014】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明にかかる一般式(1)で表される2−クロマノン誘導体の具体例としては、次のものが挙げられる。
【0015】
【化3】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(2):R1=R2=R3=R5=CH3、R4=OH〕
【0016】
【化4】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(3):R1=R2=R3=R5=CH3、R4=H〕
【0017】
【化5】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(4):R1=R2=R3=R4=R5=CH3〕
【0018】
【化6】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(5):R1=R2=R3=R5=CH3、R4=−CH2CH=CH2〕
【0019】
【化7】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(6):R1=R2=R3=R5=CH3、R4=−CH2CH2CH2OH〕
【0020】
【化8】
〔2−クロマノン誘導体(7):R1=R2=R3=R5=CH3、R4=プロピル基〕
【0021】
本発明にかかる一般式(1)で表される化合物の配合量としては、一般的に0.0001重量%〜10.0重量%であり、好ましくは、0.001重量%〜5.0容量%、さらに好ましくは、0.001重量%〜1.0重量%である。
【0022】
また、本発明にかかる化合物を配合する皮膚外用剤の剤型としては、クリームや乳液などの乳化物や、化粧水やジェル状化粧料などの水性化粧料、石鹸や洗顔フォームなどの洗浄用化粧料、あるいはピールオフ型や洗い流し型のパック剤などがあげられる。
【0023】
このような剤型中に組み合わせて使用できる原料としては、油分、保湿剤、界面活性剤、増粘剤、中和剤、防腐剤、粉体成分、色素、キレート剤、香料、紫外線吸収剤、薬効剤、細胞賦活剤、本発明以外の美白剤、殺菌剤、抗酸化剤などが挙げられ、これらを目的に応じて組み合わせて使用することができる。当然のことであるが、本発明は、併用できる原料は上記の原料に限るものではなく、発明の効果を損なわない範囲で種々の原料と併用することができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
次に実施例に用いる一重項酸素消去剤、メラニン産生抑制剤、チロシナーゼ生合成抑制剤、グルタチオン産生促進剤としての2−クロマノン誘導体の製造例、有効性を評価するための試験、皮膚外用剤としての実施例とその有効性の確認試験を用いて、本発明を、さらに詳細に説明するが、本発明の技術範囲はこれによって何ら限定されるものではないことは言うまでもない。
【0025】
<製造例> 既に開示している合成方法を用いて、以下の化9に示すように、前駆体として、対応するポリフェノール誘導体(8)と、アクリル酸誘導体(9)を混合し、溶媒中、加熱することで目的の2−クロマノン誘導体が得られる。また、(6)に関しては前駆体としてメトキシメチル誘導体(13)を調製して(化10)、これをパラジウム−カーボン触媒を用いた還元により脱保護して得られる(化13)。
【0026】
【化9】
【0027】
【化10】
【0028】
【化11】
【0029】
次いで、これらの化合物の有効性について行った検討項目について説明する。
【0030】
<一重項酸素消去作用>
本発明にかかる2−クロマノン誘導体の一重項酸素消去作用の評価を行った。評価法は、テトラメチルパラフェニレンジアミン(TMPD)をスピントラップ剤としたESRスピントラップ法により測定した。まず、2.0mMの濃度に調製した2−クロマノン誘導体の50容量%エタノール水溶液0.01mLを、0.05mMのTMPD0.1mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)0.05mL、0.1mMのヘマトポルフィリン0.1mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)0.05mLと混合し、更に、0.1mMリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)を加え0.2mLの混合液とし、2−クロマノン誘導体の試料中の濃度を0.1mMに調製した。この混合液をESR用扁平水溶液セルに移し、これに長波長紫外線(UVA)を1分間照射して一重項酸素を発生させ、ESRスペクトルを測定した。ESRスペクトル強度から、一重項酸素消去率を求めた。また、構造が類似しており、抗酸化剤として知られているα−トコフェロールの一重項酸素消去率と併せて、結果を表1に示した。
【0031】
【表1】
【0032】
表1から明らかなように、2−クロマノン誘導体の一重項酸素消去能が認められ、また、その効果は抗酸化剤として汎用されている類似の構造を有するα−トコフェロールよりもはるかに優れていることが明らかとなった。この結果は、構造の類似性からは用意には想到できない結果である。
【0033】
<B16メラノーマ細胞を用いたメラニン産生抑制能の評価>
B16マウスメラノーマ細胞(F0株)を35mmディッシュに1ディッシュあたり2000個にて播種した。24時間培養後、試験用試料(2−クロマノン誘導体(3)および(4))を任意の濃度となるように添加した5重量%ウシ胎児血清(FCS)添加ダルベッコ改変イーグル培地(DMEM)に交換した。7日間静置培養後、0.25%トリプシンにて細胞を収獲し、1.5mLマイクロチューブに移して遠心操作して細胞沈殿物を得た。最後に沈殿物の色を表2に示す判定基準を基に、肉眼判定により5段階評価を実施した。なお、培地に対して50mMの濃度で乳酸ナトリウムを加えたものをポジティブコントロールとし、何も加えなかったものをコントロールとした。
【0034】
【表2】
【0035】
【表3】
【0036】
表3より明らかなように、2−クロマノン誘導体(3)および(4)の両方とも、培地に対する添加濃度が100μMの時に、B16マウスメラノーマ細胞におけるメラニンの産生を抑制することがわかった。
【0037】
<チロシナーゼ生合成抑制効果>
試験サンプルとして、2−クロマノン誘導体(5)と、ポジティブコントロールとしてα−トコフェロールを用いて試験を行った。正常ヒトメラノサイトを96穴マイクロプレートに、各ウェル当たり5.0×104個づつ播種し、5%ウシ胎仔血清(FCS)を含むDMEM培地を用いて37℃で24時間培養する。その後、各試料を100μMを添加したDMEM培地で24時間培養したのち、PBSで2回洗浄し、0.1%トライトン−Xを含んだ0.05mMリン酸緩衝液(pH6.8)50μLで30分間処理して細胞を溶解させる。各ウェルに0.1%L−3,4−ジヒドロキシフェニルアラニン(DOPA)を含む0.1mMリン酸緩衝液(pH6.8)を100μL加えて37℃で3時間反応させ,生成したメラニン量を単位タンパク量当たりで比較することで,チロシナーゼ生合成量を求めた。試験サンプル無添加の場合のチロシナーゼ量を100とした相対知を算出し、チロシナーゼ生合成抑制効果の指標とした。その結果を表4に示す。
【0038】
【表4】
【0039】
表4から明らかなように、ポジティブコントロールであるα−トコフェロールと同様に2−クロマノン誘導体(5)は、コントロールに対して危険率5%で有意にチロシナーゼの量が少ないことがわかり、チロシナーゼの生合成を抑制することがわかった。
【0040】
<細胞内グルタチオン産生促進効果>
正常ヒトメラノサイトをコラーゲンコートした96穴マイクロプレートに、各ウェル当たり3.0×104個づつ播種し、2%FCS、線維芽細胞増殖因子(以下FGF)(3ng/mL)、インシュリン(5μg/mL)、ハイドロコルチゾン(0.18μg/mL)を加えたMGM培地で37℃で24時間、5%CO2雰囲気下で培養した。その後、それぞれのサンプルをDMSOに溶解させたのち培地に最終濃度100μMとなるように添加して48時間培養した。培養後、フェニルメチルスルフォニルフロリド((PMSF)0.1mM)を含むリン酸緩衝化生理食塩水(以下PBS)(pH7.5)で洗浄後、PMSF(0.1mM)を含むPBS100mLを加えて5秒間超音波破砕処理を行った。処理液を他のプレートに移し、2mMのNADPHを含む5%炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液25μLとエチレンジアミン四酢酸(0.5mM)、BSA(1mg/mL)とグルタチオンリダクターゼ(12.5/mL)を含む0.1Mリン酸緩衝液25μLを添加した0.5mMのエチレンジアミン四酢酸を含むリン酸緩衝液125μLを加え、37℃で10分間放置後、0.5mMのエチレンジアミン四酢酸と10mMの5,5’−ジチオビス(2−ニトロ安息香酸)を含む0.1Mリン酸緩衝液25μLをそれぞれのウェルに加えて、450nmの吸光度からグルタチオン濃度を測定した。グルタチオン量はタンパク質分析キットBCA−200で測定したタンパク量と比較することで求めた。コントロール(サンプル無添加)のグルタチオン量を100とし、それぞれのサンプル添加時のグルタチオン量の相対量を求め、細胞内グルタチオン産生促進効果の指標とした。その結果を表5に示した。
【0041】
【表5】
【0042】
表5より、明らかなように全ての試料において、グルタチオンの量がコントロールよりも増加する傾向にあり、特に2−クロマノン誘導体(2)、2−クロマノン誘導体(4)、2−クロマノン誘導体(5)の場合は、コントロールに対して5%の危険率で有意にグルタチオン量が増加していた。すなわち、これらのサンプルには、細胞内グルタチオン産生促進効果があることが明らかとなった。
【0043】
次に、2−クロマノン誘導体を有効成分として含有する皮膚外用剤に関する実施例を示す。
【0044】
製造方法:(1)から(8)までを80℃まで加熱し均一に溶解もしくは分散し、油相とする。また、(9)、(10)および(12)を80℃まで加熱し、水相とする。水相に油相を撹拌しながら加え、予備乳化を行った後、(11)を加えてホモミキサーを用いて均一に乳化する。乳化終了後、冷却を行い45℃で(13)を加え、実施例1〜実施例6とし、(13)を精製水に置き換えたものを比較例1とした(表6)。
【0045】
【表6】
【0046】
<紫外線によるシワ形成予防効果>
ヘアレスマウス5匹を一群とし、各群について実施例1〜実施例6および比較例1をそれぞれ1日1回背部に塗布し、1J/cm2/Weekの長波長紫外線(UVA)を50週間照射し、表7に示した判定基準にしたがって点数化して評価を行った。この際精製水のみを塗布した群を対照とした。結果は各群の平均値を算出し、UVA照射日数との関係を表8に示した。
【0047】
【表7】
【0048】
【表8】
【0049】
表8より明らかなように、対照群においては、UVA照射日数が40週をこえるころには皮膚に形成されたシワの深さは中程度にまで達し、50週後には深いシワの形成が認められた。これに対し、本発明にかかる実施例塗布群は、50週後に微細あるいは軽微なシワの形成をみとめた程度あった。以上の結果より実施例塗布群に於いては、シワの形成は顕著に抑制されたことがわかった。
【0050】
<美白効果>
上記実施例1〜実施例6および比較例1を用いて、使用試験を行った。パネラーは、皮膚のシミ、ソバカス、日焼け等の色素沈着を主な症状とする20名を一群として選んだ。各群にそれぞれ実施例と比較例をブラインドにて顔面及び手の甲に連続3ヶ月間使用させた。使用試験開始前および使用試験終了後の肌の状態を写真撮影し、色素沈着状態の変化を専門の判定員に「改善」、「やや改善」、「変化なし」の3段階で判定させた。その結果を表9に示した。
【0051】
【表9】
【0052】
表9から明らかなように、2−クロマノン誘導体を配合した実施例を使用したパネラーでは、一人を除いた全員に色素沈着の改善傾向が認められた。これに対し、比較例1を使用したパネラーでは、「改善」と認められるほどの色素沈着の状態が変化したパネラーはおらず、「やや改善」も一人しかいなかった。以上の結果より、本発明にかかる2−クロマノン誘導体を配合した皮膚外用剤に非常に優れた美白効果があることが明らかとなった。
【0053】
続いて、本発明の他の実施例について示す。
【0054】
[実施例7] 化粧水
(1)エタノール 10.00(重量%)
(2)ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(60E.O.) 0.30
(3)2−クロマノン誘導体(2) 0.20
(4)パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.02
(5)濃グリセリン 3.00
(6)1、3−ブチレングリコール 1.00
(7)精製水 全量を100とする量
製法:(1)に(2)、(3)、(4)を順次添加し、均一に溶解しアルコール相とする。これを、あらかじめ(7)に(5)及び(6)を添加して均一にした水相に撹拌しながら均一に混合する。
【0055】
[実施例8] クリーム
(1)スクワラン 10.00(重量%)
(2)ステアリン酸 2.00
(3)水素添加パーム核油 0.50
(4)水素添加大豆リン脂質 0.10
(5)セタノール 3.60
(6)親油型モノステアリン酸グリセリン 2.00
(7)グリセリン 10.00
(8)パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.10
(9)1重量%カルボキシビニルポリマー水溶液 15.00
(10)10重量%L−アルギニン水溶液 1.00
(11)2−クロマノン誘導体(3) 0.50
(12)精製水 全量を100とする量
製法:(1)〜(6)の油相成分を加熱溶解し、80℃とする。一方(7)〜(9)及び(12)を加熱溶解し、80℃とする。これに前記油相を攪拌しながら加えたあと、(10)を加えて、ホモジナイザーにより均一に乳化する。30℃まで冷却した後、(11)を添加し混合、均一化する。
【0056】
製法:(1)〜(5)の油相成分を加熱溶解し、80℃とする。一方(6)〜(8)および(10)を80℃まで加熱し溶解させる。水相を前記油相に攪拌しながら加えたあと、(9)を加え、ホモジナイザーにより均一に乳化した後、冷却し、45℃で(11)を加える。
【0057】
[実施例10] ゲル状化粧料
(1)ジプロピレングリコール 10.00(重量%)
(2)パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.10
(3)1重量%カルボキシビニルポリマー水溶液 50.00
(4)2−クロマノン誘導体(6) 0.10
(5)10重量%水酸化カリウム水溶液 1.00
(6)精製水 全量を100とする量
製法:(1)に(2)を加熱溶解した後、(3)、(4)、(6)を溶解して添加し、次いで(5)を加えて増粘させる。
【0058】
[実施例11] ピールオフ型パック
(1)ポリビニルアルコール 10.00(重量%)
(2)エタノール 2.00
(3)精製水 50.00
(4)ポリエチレングリコール1500 1.50
(5)1,3−ブチレングリコール 5.00
(6)パラオキシ安息香酸メチル 0.10
(7)2−クロマノン誘導体(5) 0.30
(8)ポリオキシエチレン硬化ヒマシ油(50E.O.) 0.20
(9)エタノール 8.00
(10)精製水 全量を100とする量
製法:(1)に(2)を加え湿らせておいたものに、常温の(3)を加え、ゆっくりと撹拌しながら80℃まで加熱する。(1)が均一に溶解したことを確認後、50℃まで冷却し、(4)、(5)を加え撹拌する。(4)の溶解を確認後、30℃まで冷却し、あらかじめ(9)に(6)〜(8)を溶解したアルコール相と(10)を順次添加して、均一に撹拌する。
【0059】
[実施例12] 洗顔料
(1)ミリスチン酸 24.00(重量%)
(2)ステアリン酸 12.00
(3)親油型モノステアリン酸グリセリン 3.00
(4)濃グリセリン 15.00
(5)精製水 30.00
(6)水酸化カリウム 7.80
(7)2−クロマノン誘導体(4) 0.25
(8)精製水 全量を100とする量
製法:(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)を順次量りこみ、80℃まで加熱する。これに、(6)を溶解させた(5)を80℃まで加熱したものをゆっくりと撹拌しながら加える。均質になるまで撹拌後、45℃まで冷却し、(7)および(8)を加えて均質になるまで撹拌する。
【0060】
[安定性試験]
これらの実施例1〜実施例12に関して、50℃にて1ヶ月静置した場合における製剤の安定性を評価したが、これらの実施例の皮膚外用剤に於いては製剤の変色、変臭などが見られず、安定性には大きな問題はなかった。
【0061】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細に述べたように、本発明により、一般式(1)で表される2−クロマノン誘導体を有効成分として配合することを特徴とする皮膚外用剤が提供でき、製剤として優れた美白効果および抗老化効果を発揮することがわかった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention comprises a singlet oxygen scavenger having high safety and stability, a melanin production inhibitor, a glutathione production promoter, and a whitening effect and an effect of improving the anti-aging effect, comprising a compound having a specific structure. It is related with the skin external preparation with high.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It has been suggested that reactive oxygen species generated in the body by aging, exposure to ultraviolet rays, etc. are deeply involved in skin aging, such as skin wrinkle formation and dermis component degeneration. Thus, investigations have been made on components having an action of eliminating or suppressing the generation of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxy radicals, singlet oxygen and superoxide, lipid peroxides, etc. Among them, singlet oxygen is the most reactive. It is said to contribute to aging, inflammation, skin darkening, protein denaturation, sunburn cell formation, lipid peroxidation, DNA damage and the like.
[0003]
Therefore, it is considered that adding a substance that eliminates such active oxygen species to an external preparation for skin is effective in preventing and improving skin aging, including various tannins, flavonoids, polyphenol compounds and the like derived from plants. Attempts have been made to blend these medicinal plant extracts into a skin external preparation as an active oxygen scavenger. However, most of the plant components being studied are superoxide dismutase (SOD) and SOD-like substances targeting superoxide, OH radicals, radicals generated from hydroperoxides as active oxygen species, The type of singlet oxygen target is limited, and development of a new singlet oxygen scavenger has been demanded.
[0004]
In addition to the above-mentioned active oxygen scavengers, retinoic acid and its derivatives, ascorbic acid derivatives, vitamin E, α-aminobutyric acid derivatives and the like are components having an effect of preventing or improving skin aging, particularly wrinkle formation. It has been proposed as an active ingredient for anti-aging skin external preparations.
[0005]
In addition, whitening agents have been developed for the purpose of improving skin darkening, spots, freckles, etc. due to sunburn, etc., and melanin production inhibitors, tyrosinase inhibitors, tyrosinase biosynthesis inhibitors, reducing agents have been developed. , And a component for generating a reducing agent such as glutathione in the cell. As its active ingredients, ascorbic acid derivatives thereof, kojic acid, arbutin, geraniin, gallic acid, sulfur-containing compounds such as colloidal sulfur and glutathione, and various medicinal plant extracts are used.
[0006]
However, some of the plant extract ingredients that have been used as active ingredients for active oxygen scavengers, anti-aging agents, and whitening agents are not sufficient for preventing and improving skin aging symptoms. When blended into an external preparation for skin, it was sometimes necessary to use a large amount. In addition, regarding plant-derived components, there may be cases where stable and constant quality products cannot be obtained.
[0007]
In addition, ascorbic acid, its derivatives and kojic acid are easily oxidized and unstable, and glutathione and colloidal sulfur are known to produce unique off-flavors and precipitation. In many cases, there are many problems that need to be solved during formulation. In addition, there were active ingredients for which side effects may occur due to continuous use.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, in the present invention, a safe and effective singlet oxygen scavenger, melanin production inhibitor, tyrosinase biosynthesis inhibitor, intracellular glutathione production promoter, and skin external use effective for whitening and anti-aging comprising these compounds. The purpose is to provide an agent.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Since skin external preparations used to make the appearance of the skin look beautiful, they are used on a daily basis, and as an active ingredient to be added to this, the action is mild and sufficient effects are shown by continuous use. The one without is desired.
[0010]
From this point of view, substances derived from natural products and compounds having a structure similar to them are preferred as active ingredients, but in order to solve the problems in the effectiveness of the above-mentioned action and the stability of quality, we We have made extensive studies on a number of candidate substances.
[0011]
As a result, the inventors have found that a compound having the following specific structure has an effective and mild skin whitening action and anti-aging action, and has high stability, and has completed the invention.
[0012]
That is, the present invention comprises one or more compounds 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one derivatives (hereinafter referred to as 2-chromanone derivatives) represented by the following general formula (1) as active ingredients. Is an external preparation for skin. Among these 2-chromanone derivatives, the present inventors have already disclosed the synthesis methods (2), (4), (6) and (7) and the radical scavenging action ( Biosci . Biotechnol . Biochem ., 65 (5), 1277-1133 (2001)). Further, (3) and (5) are disclosed in other documents ( J. Org . Chem ., 64, 156-161 (1999)). However, the singlet oxygen scavenging action, the melanin production inhibitory action, the tyrosinase inhibitory action, and the intracellular glutathione production promoting action of the 2-chromanone derivative are found for the first time by the present invention, and are excellent when blended into a skin external preparation. It has been found for the first time that it exhibits whitening and anti-aging effects.
[0013]
[Chemical formula 2]
[Wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 5 represent a hydrogen atom, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be the same or different and has a straight or branched chain, R 4 represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group, a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a straight or branched chain, and a saturated or unsaturated alcohol group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a linear or branched chain. Represents an aldehyde group or a ketone group. ]
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Specific examples of the 2-chromanone derivative represented by the general formula (1) according to the present invention include the following.
[0015]
[Chemical 3]
[2-chromanone derivative (2): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 5 = CH 3 , R 4 = OH]
[0016]
[Formula 4]
[2-chromanone derivative (3): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 5 = CH 3 , R 4 = H]
[0017]
[Chemical formula 5]
[2-chromanone derivative (4): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 4 = R 5 = CH 3 ]
[0018]
[Chemical 6]
[2-chromanone derivative (5): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 5 = CH 3 , R 4 = -CH 2 CH = CH 2 ]
[0019]
[Chemical 7]
[2-chromanone derivative (6): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 5 = CH 3 , R 4 = -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 OH]
[0020]
[Chemical 8]
[2-chromanone derivative (7): R 1 = R 2 = R 3 = R 5 = CH 3 , R 4 = propyl group]
[0021]
As a compounding quantity of the compound represented by General formula (1) concerning this invention, it is generally 0.0001 weight%-10.0 weight%, Preferably, it is 0.001 weight%-5.0 volume. %, More preferably 0.001% by weight to 1.0% by weight.
[0022]
The dosage form of the external preparation for skin containing the compound according to the present invention includes emulsions such as creams and emulsions, aqueous cosmetics such as lotions and gel cosmetics, and cleansing cosmetics such as soaps and facial cleansing foams. Or a peel-off type or wash-out type pack agent.
[0023]
Raw materials that can be used in combination in such dosage forms include oils, moisturizers, surfactants, thickeners, neutralizers, preservatives, powder components, dyes, chelating agents, fragrances, UV absorbers, Medicinal agents, cell activators, whitening agents other than the present invention, bactericides, antioxidants and the like can be mentioned, and these can be used in combination according to the purpose. As a matter of course, in the present invention, the raw materials that can be used in combination are not limited to the above-mentioned raw materials, and can be used in combination with various raw materials as long as the effects of the invention are not impaired.
[0024]
【Example】
Next, production examples of 2-chromanone derivatives as singlet oxygen scavengers, melanin production inhibitors, tyrosinase biosynthesis inhibitors, glutathione production promoters used in the examples, tests for evaluating the effectiveness, and skin external preparations The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples and its effectiveness confirmation test, but it is needless to say that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0025]
<Production Example> Using the synthesis method already disclosed, as shown in the following chemical formula 9, as a precursor, the corresponding polyphenol derivative (8) and acrylic acid derivative (9) are mixed, and in a solvent, The target 2-chromanone derivative is obtained by heating. Further, (6) is obtained by preparing a methoxymethyl derivative (13) as a precursor (Chemical Formula 10) and deprotecting this by reduction using a palladium-carbon catalyst (Chemical Formula 13).
[0026]
[Chemical 9]
[0027]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0028]
Embedded image
[0029]
Next, the items examined for the effectiveness of these compounds will be described.
[0030]
<Singlet oxygen scavenging action>
The singlet oxygen scavenging action of the 2-chromanone derivative according to the present invention was evaluated. The evaluation method was measured by an ESR spin trap method using tetramethylparaphenylenediamine (TMPD) as a spin trap agent. First, 0.01 mL of 50 volume% ethanol aqueous solution of 2-chromanone derivative prepared to a concentration of 2.0 mM was added to 0.05 mL of 0.05 mM TMPD 0.1 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), 0.1 mM hemato. Mix with 0.05 mL of porphyrin 0.1 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4), add 0.1 mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) to make a 0.2 mL mixture, and sample of 2-chromanone derivative The medium concentration was adjusted to 0.1 mM. This mixed solution was transferred to a flat aqueous solution cell for ESR, and this was irradiated with long wavelength ultraviolet rays (UVA) for 1 minute to generate singlet oxygen, and an ESR spectrum was measured. The singlet oxygen elimination rate was determined from the ESR spectrum intensity. The results are shown in Table 1 together with the singlet oxygen scavenging rate of α-tocopherol which is similar in structure and is known as an antioxidant.
[0031]
[Table 1]
[0032]
As is apparent from Table 1, singlet oxygen scavenging ability of the 2-chromanone derivative was observed, and the effect was far superior to α-tocopherol having a similar structure widely used as an antioxidant. It became clear. This result is a result that cannot be conceived from structural similarity.
[0033]
<Evaluation of ability to suppress melanin production using B16 melanoma cells>
B16 mouse melanoma cells (F0 strain) were seeded in a 35 mm dish at 2000 cells per dish. After culturing for 24 hours, the test sample (2-chromanone derivatives (3) and (4)) was replaced with Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) supplemented with 5% by weight fetal calf serum (FCS) added to an arbitrary concentration. did. After stationary culture for 7 days, the cells were harvested with 0.25% trypsin, transferred to a 1.5 mL microtube, and centrifuged to obtain a cell precipitate. Finally, based on the judgment criteria shown in Table 2 for the color of the precipitate, a five-step evaluation was performed by visual judgment. In addition, what added sodium lactate with the density | concentration of 50 mM with respect to the culture medium was made into positive control, and what added nothing was made into control.
[0034]
[Table 2]
[0035]
[Table 3]
[0036]
As is apparent from Table 3, it was found that both the 2-chromanone derivatives (3) and (4) suppressed melanin production in B16 mouse melanoma cells when the concentration added to the medium was 100 μM.
[0037]
<Tyrosinase biosynthesis inhibitory effect>
The test was conducted using 2-chromanone derivative (5) as a test sample and α-tocopherol as a positive control. Normal human melanocytes are seeded in 96-well microplates at 5.0 × 10 4 cells per well and cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours using DMEM medium containing 5% fetal calf serum (FCS). Thereafter, each sample was cultured in DMEM medium supplemented with 100 μM for 24 hours, washed twice with PBS, and 30 μL with 0.05 μM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) containing 0.1% Triton-X. Treat cells for minutes to lyse cells. 100 μL of 0.1 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) containing 0.1% L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) was added to each well and reacted at 37 ° C. for 3 hours. By comparing per protein amount, tyrosinase biosynthesis was determined. Relative knowledge with the amount of tyrosinase in the absence of the test sample as 100 was calculated and used as an index of the tyrosinase biosynthesis inhibitory effect. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0038]
[Table 4]
[0039]
As is apparent from Table 4, the 2-chromanone derivative (5), like the positive control α-tocopherol, was found to have a significantly lower amount of tyrosinase at a risk rate of 5% relative to the control. It was found to suppress synthesis.
[0040]
<Inhibition of intracellular glutathione production>
Normal human melanocytes were seeded in a 96-well microplate coated with collagen at 3.0 × 10 4 cells per well, 2% FCS, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) (3 ng / mL), insulin (5 μg / mL). mL) and hydrocortisone (0.18 μg / mL) in an MGM medium, cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere. Thereafter, each sample was dissolved in DMSO, added to the medium to a final concentration of 100 μM, and cultured for 48 hours. After culturing, after washing with phosphate buffered saline (hereinafter referred to as PBS) (pH 7.5) containing phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride ((PMSF) 0.1 mM), 100 mL of PBS containing PMSF (0.1 mM) was added. The ultrasonic crushing process was performed for 5 seconds. The treatment solution was transferred to another plate, and 25 μL of 5% aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution containing 2 mM NADPH, 0 containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (0.5 mM), BSA (1 mg / mL) and glutathione reductase (12.5 / mL) Add 125 μL of phosphate buffer containing 0.5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid to which 25 μL of 1 M phosphate buffer was added, and let stand at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes, then 0.5 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 10 mM 5,5′- 25 μL of 0.1 M phosphate buffer containing dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) was added to each well, and the glutathione concentration was measured from the absorbance at 450 nm. The amount of glutathione was determined by comparing with the amount of protein measured with the protein analysis kit BCA-200. The amount of glutathione in the control (no sample added) was set to 100, and the relative amount of glutathione at the time of each sample addition was determined and used as an index of the intracellular glutathione production promoting effect. The results are shown in Table 5.
[0041]
[Table 5]
[0042]
As is apparent from Table 5, in all samples, the amount of glutathione tends to increase more than the control, and in particular, 2-chromanone derivative (2), 2-chromanone derivative (4), 2-chromanone derivative (5). In the case of, the amount of glutathione was significantly increased at a risk rate of 5% with respect to the control. That is, it was revealed that these samples have an effect of promoting intracellular glutathione production.
[0043]
Next, the Example regarding the skin external preparation which contains 2-chromanone derivative as an active ingredient is shown.
[0044]
Production method: (1) to (8) are heated to 80 ° C. and uniformly dissolved or dispersed to form an oil phase. Further, (9), (10) and (12) are heated to 80 ° C. to obtain an aqueous phase. The oil phase is added to the aqueous phase with stirring, preliminarily emulsified, and then (11) is added and uniformly emulsified using a homomixer. After the emulsification, cooling was performed and (13) was added at 45 ° C. to obtain Examples 1 to 6, and (13) was replaced with purified water as Comparative Example 1 (Table 6).
[0045]
[Table 6]
[0046]
<Prevention of wrinkle formation by UV rays>
A group of 5 hairless mice, and for each group, each of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1 was applied to the back part once a day, and irradiated with long wavelength ultraviolet rays (UVA) of 1 J / cm 2 / Week for 50 weeks. Then, evaluation was performed by scoring according to the determination criteria shown in Table 7. At this time, a group to which only purified water was applied was used as a control. As a result, the average value of each group was calculated, and the relationship with the UVA irradiation days is shown in Table 8.
[0047]
[Table 7]
[0048]
[Table 8]
[0049]
As is clear from Table 8, in the control group, the depth of wrinkles formed on the skin reached a medium level when the UVA irradiation days exceeded 40 weeks, and deep wrinkles were formed after 50 weeks. It was. On the other hand, the Example application group according to the present invention had a degree of formation of fine or minor wrinkles after 50 weeks. From the above results, it was found that wrinkle formation was remarkably suppressed in the example coating group.
[0050]
<Whitening effect>
A use test was conducted using the above-mentioned Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Example 1. The panelists selected a group of 20 people whose main symptoms were pigmentation such as skin spots, buckwheat and sunburn. In each group, the examples and comparative examples were used blindly on the face and back of the hand for 3 consecutive months. The skin condition before the start of the use test and after the end of the use test was photographed, and a change in the pigmentation state was judged by a professional judge in three stages: “improved”, “slightly improved”, and “no change”. The results are shown in Table 9.
[0051]
[Table 9]
[0052]
As is apparent from Table 9, in the panelists using the examples in which the 2-chromanone derivative was blended, all but one person showed a tendency to improve pigmentation. On the other hand, in the paneler using Comparative Example 1, there was no paneler in which the pigmentation state changed so as to be recognized as “improved”, and there was only one “slightly improved”. From the above results, it was revealed that the skin external preparation containing the 2-chromanone derivative according to the present invention has a very excellent whitening effect.
[0053]
Subsequently, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0054]
[Example 7] Lotion (1) Ethanol 10.00 (wt%)
(2) Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (60 EO) 0.30
(3) 2-chromanone derivative (2) 0.20
(4) Methyl paraoxybenzoate 0.02
(5) Concentrated glycerin 3.00
(6) 1,3-butylene glycol 1.00
(7) Purified water Mass production method with a total amount of 100: (2), (3), (4) are sequentially added to (1) and dissolved uniformly to form an alcohol phase. This is mixed uniformly with stirring in an aqueous phase which has been previously made uniform by adding (5) and (6) to (7).
[0055]
[Example 8] Cream (1) Squalane 10.00 (wt%)
(2) Stearic acid 2.00
(3) Hydrogenated palm kernel oil 0.50
(4) Hydrogenated soybean phospholipid 0.10
(5) Cetanol 3.60
(6) Lipophilic glyceryl monostearate 2.00
(7) Glycerin 10.00
(8) Methyl paraoxybenzoate 0.10
(9) 1% by weight carboxyvinyl polymer aqueous solution 15.00
(10) 10% by weight L-arginine aqueous solution 1.00
(11) 2-chromanone derivative (3) 0.50
(12) Purified water Quantity production method with a total amount of 100: The oil phase components (1) to (6) are heated and dissolved to 80 ° C. On the other hand, (7) to (9) and (12) are dissolved by heating to 80 ° C. The oil phase is added to this while stirring, then (10) is added, and the mixture is uniformly emulsified with a homogenizer. After cooling to 30 ° C., (11) is added and mixed and homogenized.
[0056]
Production method: The oil phase components (1) to (5) are dissolved by heating to 80 ° C. On the other hand, (6) to (8) and (10) are heated to 80 ° C. and dissolved. After the water phase is added to the oil phase with stirring, (9) is added, and the mixture is uniformly emulsified with a homogenizer, cooled, and (11) is added at 45 ° C.
[0057]
[Example 10] Gel cosmetic (1) Dipropylene glycol 10.00 (wt%)
(2) Methyl paraoxybenzoate 0.10
(3) 1% by weight carboxyvinyl polymer aqueous solution 50.00
(4) 2-chromanone derivative (6) 0.10
(5) 10% by weight aqueous potassium hydroxide solution 1.00
(6) Purified water A mass production method with a total amount of 100: (1) is heated and dissolved in (1), then (3), (4) and (6) are dissolved and added, and then (5) is added. To increase the viscosity.
[0058]
[Example 11] Peel-off type pack (1) Polyvinyl alcohol 10.00 (wt%)
(2) Ethanol 2.00
(3) Purified water 50.00
(4) Polyethylene glycol 1500 1.50
(5) 1,3-butylene glycol 5.00
(6) Methyl paraoxybenzoate 0.10
(7) 2-chromanone derivative (5) 0.30
(8) Polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil (50 EO) 0.20
(9) Ethanol 8.00
(10) Purified water Mass production method with a total amount of 100: Add (2) to (1) and moisten it, add (3) at room temperature, and heat to 80 ° C. with slow stirring. After confirming that (1) is uniformly dissolved, cool to 50 ° C., add (4) and (5), and stir. After confirming the dissolution of (4), the mixture is cooled to 30 ° C., the alcohol phase in which (6) to (8) are dissolved in advance and (10) are sequentially added to (9) and stirred uniformly.
[0059]
[Example 12] Face wash (1) Myristic acid 24.00 (wt%)
(2) Stearic acid 12.00
(3) Lipophilic glyceryl monostearate 3.00
(4) Concentrated glycerin 15.00
(5) Purified water 30.00
(6) Potassium hydroxide 7.80
(7) 2-chromanone derivative (4) 0.25
(8) Purified water Mass production method with a total amount of 100: (1), (2), (3) and (4) are weighed sequentially and heated to 80 ° C. A solution prepared by heating (6) in which (6) is heated to 80 ° C. is added to this while slowly stirring. After stirring until homogeneous, cool to 45 ° C., add (7) and (8) and stir until homogeneous.
[0060]
[Stability test]
With respect to these Examples 1 to 12, the stability of the preparations when they were allowed to stand at 50 ° C. for 1 month was evaluated. However, in the skin external preparations of these Examples, discoloration, odor change, etc. of the preparations Was not seen, and there was no big problem in stability.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an external preparation for skin characterized by blending the 2-chromanone derivative represented by the general formula (1) as an active ingredient, and an excellent whitening effect as a preparation. And it was found to exert an anti-aging effect.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002124455A JP4285939B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Topical skin preparation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002124455A JP4285939B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Topical skin preparation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003321463A JP2003321463A (en) | 2003-11-11 |
| JP4285939B2 true JP4285939B2 (en) | 2009-06-24 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002124455A Expired - Lifetime JP4285939B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2002-04-25 | Topical skin preparation |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4285939B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4854939B2 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2012-01-18 | 太陽化学株式会社 | Melanin production inhibitor |
| FR2879444B1 (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2007-05-18 | Oreal | USE OF A COMPOUND CAPABLE OF INCREASING THE GLUTATHION RATE IN MELANOCYTES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CANITIS |
| CN102626373B (en) * | 2006-04-25 | 2014-08-06 | 株式会社芳珂 | Agent for improving moisture content using Helipyrone A |
| EP2229169A1 (en) * | 2008-01-17 | 2010-09-22 | Merck Patent GmbH | Preparation containing chromane-2-one derivatives |
| JP2013095704A (en) * | 2011-11-01 | 2013-05-20 | Fancl Corp | Agent for preventing ultraviolet light induced erythema |
-
2002
- 2002-04-25 JP JP2002124455A patent/JP4285939B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2003321463A (en) | 2003-11-11 |
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