JP4295169B2 - Rail soundproof structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a soundproof structure for a rail that reduces noise generated by vibration of the rail.

  In a conventional rail soundproof structure (prior art 1), a mortar vibration damping material made of a mixture of rubber or synthetic resin and mortar is bonded to the rail abdomen (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this prior art 1, the vibration generated from the rail when the vehicle passes on the rail is suppressed by the mortar damping material, and the noise from the rail is reduced.

  A conventional rail soundproofing structure (conventional technology 2) includes a pair of soundproofing materials having vibration damping properties such as lead, a pair of hardwares respectively holding the pair of soundproofing materials, and a pair of hardware for fastening the pair of hardwares. A fastening screw or the like is provided (for example, see Patent Document 2). In this prior art 2, soundproofing materials are arranged on both side surfaces of the rail abdomen, and the hardware is pressed against the soundproofing material by tightening a tightening screw, and the soundproofing materials are fixed to both side surfaces of the rail abdomen.

  A conventional rail soundproof structure (Prior Art 3) includes a damping member such as butyl rubber and a pressing plate made of spring steel or the like that presses the damping member against one side surface of the rail abdomen (for example, a patent) Reference 3). In this prior art 3, a bending part for deforming the pressing plate in advance with a bending jig or the like and fixing it to the rail is formed, and this bending part is hooked on the rail to fix the vibration damping member.

JP 52-109206 A

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-152801

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-342602

  In the prior arts 1 to 3, the structure can suppress the vibration of the rail with a vibration control member such as a mortar damping material, lead, butyl rubber or the like, so that the vibration of the rail can be reduced, but the noise from the rail is effective. However, there is a problem that cannot be reduced. In the prior arts 1 to 3, the mortar system damping material is bonded to the rail and lead or butyl rubber is fixed with a complicated fixing member. It is necessary to remove the vibration damping material such as a vibration material from the rail, and to remount it after the work is completed.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a soundproof structure for a rail that can reduce the vibration of the rail and also reduce the noise from the rail to improve the soundproofing effect.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by the solving means described below.
In addition, although the code | symbol corresponding to embodiment of this invention is attached | subjected and demonstrated, it is not limited to this embodiment.
The invention of claim 1 is a rail soundproof structure that reduces noise generated by vibration of the rail (R), and includes a covering member (8) that covers at least a part of the rail, and the covering member includes: It has a sound absorbing part (9a) for absorbing the noise on the inner side, and a damping part (10a) for reducing the vibration on the outer side. The sound absorbing part is foamed EPDM which is a viscoelastic material having a sound absorbing function. The rail sound-proofing structure (7) is characterized in that the vibration-damping part is a vibration-damping steel plate having a higher rigidity and a vibration-damping function than the sound-absorbing part .

The invention of claim 2 is a rail soundproof structure that reduces noise generated by vibration of the rail (R), and includes a covering member (8) that covers at least a part of the rail, and the covering member includes: damping unit to reduce the vibration inside has a (9b), the sound absorbing unit that absorbs the noise outside has (10b), wherein the damping unit is a viscoelastic body having a damping function, The sound-absorbing part is a weather-resistant sound-absorbing material (7) characterized in that the sound-absorbing part is a weather-resistant sound-absorbing material having a higher rigidity and sound-absorbing function than the vibration-damping part and made of a porous molded body of water-resistant inorganic particles is there.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the soundproofing effect by reducing the vibration of the rail and also reducing the noise from the rail.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a mounting state of a rail soundproof structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a side view showing the mounted state of the rail soundproof structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a development view of the soundproof structure of the rail according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the soundproof structure for a rail according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In the following, only one of a pair of parallel rails constituting the track is illustrated, and the other is not shown.

The rail R shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is a member that supports and guides the wheels W of the railway vehicle to run the railway vehicle. The rail R includes a rail head R ₁ that contacts the wheel W of the railway vehicle, a rail bottom (flange) R ₂ attached to the sleeper 1, and a rail abdomen that connects the rail head R ₁ and the rail bottom R _2. and a (web portion) R _3. The wheel W shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is a member that is in rotational contact with the rail R, and is continuous with the tread surface W ₁ that contacts the top surface of the rail head R ₁ and receives frictional resistance, and the outer periphery of the wheel W. And a flange surface W ₂ formed in this manner.

The sleeper 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is a support body that supports the rail R. The rail fastening device 2 is a device for fastening the rail R to the sleeper 1. The rail fastening device 2, for example, inserts a track pad (not shown) between the rail bottom R ₂ and the sleeper 1, fastens the rail R to the sleeper 1 by the fastening spring 3, and passes the railcar. Absorbs the generated vibration. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rail fastening device 2 includes a fastening spring 3 that presses and fastens the rail R, a spring support 4 that supports the fastening spring 3, and a fastening bolt 5 that fastens the fastening spring 3. The washer 6 is sandwiched between the fastening spring 3 and the fastening bolt 5.

  The soundproof structure 7 is a structure that reduces noise generated by vibration of the rail R. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the soundproof structure 7 includes a covering member 8 and a fixing member 11. The soundproof structure 7 suppresses vibration generated when the vehicle passes on the rail R and suppresses noise from the rail R.

The covering member 8 is a member that covers a part of the rail R, and has a sound absorbing layer 9a on the inner side and a damping layer 10a on the outer side as shown in FIGS. Covering member 8 is formed in a shape along the surface shape of the rail bottom R ₂ and rail abdominal R ₃ a rail bottom to allow adherence R ₂ and rail abdominal R _3, sound absorption on the side in contact with the rail R It has the layer 9a, and has the damping layer 10a on the side opposite to the side in contact with the rail R (the back surface of the sound absorbing layer 9a). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the covering member 8 is formed to have substantially the same length as the interval between the sleepers 1 so that the bottom surface of the rail bottom portion R ₂ can be covered.

The sound absorbing layer 9a shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is a member that absorbs noise, and is an elastic body layer that is less rigid than the vibration damping layer 10a. The sound absorbing layer 9a is an elastic body that is relatively softer than a rigid body, and has, for example, a Young's modulus of 1.0 × 10 ³ MPa or less at room temperature, desirably also has viscosity, and a loss coefficient of 0.05 or more. The sound absorbing layer 9a is formed of a sound absorbing material having a sound absorbing function for absorbing noise from the rail R. Examples of such a sound absorbing material include a flexible elastic material and a viscoelastic material. As the flexible elastic material, a fiber body made of a thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, rock wool, glass wool or the like is preferable. As the flexible viscoelastic material, foams such as urethane, ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), and chloroprene are preferable. Since such foam is a viscoelastic body having a sound absorption damping function, a vibration damping effect is also provided. Can also expect.

The damping layer 10a is a member that reduces vibrations, and is an elastic body layer having higher rigidity than the sound absorbing layer 9a. The damping layer 10a is formed of a rigid elastic body (high rigidity elastic body) made of, for example, a metal or a rigid body having a Young's modulus of 3.0 × 10 ³ MPa or more. The damping layer 10a is formed of a damping material having a damping function for suppressing the vibration of the rail R. As such a damping material, a thin plate-shaped resin laminated damping steel plate made of a rubber layer and a metal plate (metal laminate (name of product) manufactured by NICHIAS Co., Ltd.), a dumpling manufactured by Kobe Steel (tablet) Product name)), steel-based damping alloys containing chromium, lead, etc., aluminum-based damping alloys containing zinc, etc., and asphalt-based, acrylic-based, chloroprene-based vibration-damping paints A metal plate or the like is preferable.

  The damping layer 10a is affixed and fixed to the surface of the sound absorbing layer 9a opposite to the side in contact with the rail R with an adhesive or the like, and an adhesive layer is interposed between the sound absorbing layer 9a and the damping layer 10a. Is formed. This adhesive layer consists of reactive adhesives such as epoxy resin, cyanoacrylate, acrylic resin and urethane resin, emulsion type such as vinyl acetate resin and modified acrylic resin, and synthetic rubber such as chloroprene and silicon. It is preferable to use a mold or an adhesive such as an elastomer or hot-melt type such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA).

  The fixing member 11 is a member that detachably fixes the covering member 8 to the rail R. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the fixing member 11 includes holding members 11a and 11b, a connecting member 11c, and the like. The fixing member 11 is detachably attached to the outside of the covering member 8.

  The holding members 11 a and 11 b are members that hold the covering member 8, are formed in a shape along these surface shapes so as to be in close contact with the covering member 8, and are detachable from the left and right side surfaces of the rail R. It has a split structure that can be mounted. The holding members 11a and 11b are formed of, for example, a thin plate-like doubly plated steel plate or a stainless steel plate. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the holding members 11 a and 11 b are mounted at intervals in the length direction of the covering member 8. As shown in FIG. 3, the holding member 11a has a joint 11d and a through hole 11f at one end, and the holding member 11b has a joint 11e and a through hole 11g at one end. Is formed.

  The connecting member 11c is a member that detachably connects the holding member 11a and the holding member 11b. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the connecting member 11 c is disposed so as to be positioned on the side of the rail R when the covering member 8 is mounted on the rail R so that the fastening operation can be easily performed. Has been. The connecting member 11c includes a bolt 11h inserted into the through holes 11f and 11g, a nut 11i attached to the bolt 11h, and the like. The connecting member 11c is provided with a locking prevention structure for preventing the bolt 11h, the nut 11i, and the like from loosening due to the vibration of the rail R.

Next, the operation of the soundproof structure for rails according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
When the vehicle passes on the rail R and the rail R vibrates, the sound absorbing layer 9a absorbs the energy of sound generated from the rail R, and the noise from the rail R is reduced. When the sound absorbing layer 9a is formed of a flexible elastic material, a flexible spring having a small spring constant is configured as a dynamic model. As a result, the vibration transmissibility decreases due to a decrease in the spring constant, and the vibration from the rail R hardly propagates to the damping layer 10a. On the other hand, when the sound absorbing layer 9a is formed of a viscoelastic body, the sound absorbing layer 9a constitutes a flexible spring and an attenuator (dashpot), and vibration from the rail R is transmitted from the sound absorbing layer 9a to the damping layer. While making it difficult to propagate to 10a, a part of the vibration energy of the rail R is converted into thermal energy by vibration attenuation due to viscosity, and the vibration of the rail R is absorbed and attenuated. Further, even if the sound absorbing layer 9a is a normal elastic material or viscoelastic material, the vibration damping layer 10a attenuates the vibration of the rail R itself and reduces the vibration propagated from the rail R, It is expected that the vibration of the damping layer 10a itself is also reduced as a result. Furthermore, when the sound absorbing layer 9a is a viscoelastic body, it absorbs sound energy due to noise, and the damping layer 10a restrains the sound absorbing layer 9a, and the degree of shear deformation of the sound absorbing layer 9a is enhanced during vibration. The internal loss of the sound absorbing layer 9a is increased and the vibration damping capability is amplified. From these results, noise radiated to the outside from the damping layer 10a is reduced.

Next, a method for mounting the soundproof structure for rails according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 3, the covering member 8 is mounted on the upper and lower surfaces of the rail bottom R ₂ , and the covering member 8 is mounted on both side surfaces of the rail abdomen R ₃ . Thereafter, the holding members 11a and 11b are mounted so as to sandwich the covering member 8 between the rail R and a predetermined interval in the length direction of the rail R. Next, after inserting the bolt 11h into the through holes 11f and 11g and attaching the nut 11i to the bolt 11h, the nut 11i and the bolt 11h are fastened to connect the holding member 11a and the holding member 11b. As a result, a part of the rail R is covered with the covering member 8, and the covering member 8 is fixed to the rail R by the fixing member 11. When carrying out the replacement work or the inspection work of the rail R, the covering member 8 is removed from the rail R by a procedure reverse to the procedure described above.

The rail soundproof structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention has the following effects.
(1) In the first embodiment, the covering member 8 having the sound absorbing layer 9a for absorbing noise on the inner side and the damping layer 10a for reducing vibration on the outer side covers at least a part of the rail R. As a result, since the covering member 8 has not only a vibration damping function but also a sound absorbing function as compared with the conventional rail soundproof structure, the soundproofing effect of the rail R can be improved.

(2) In the first embodiment, the sound absorption layer 9a is formed of a viscoelastic body having a sound absorption function, and the vibration suppression layer 10a is formed of a high rigidity elastic body having a vibration suppression function. For this reason, not only can the vibration be suppressed by the highly rigid elastic body, but also the vibration of the rail R can be absorbed by the viscoelastic body to reduce noise. In particular, since the sound absorbing layer 9a is formed of a viscoelastic layer, the sound absorbing layer 9a is brought into close contact with the unevenness (unground) on the surface of the rail R, and the unevenness is absorbed, thereby improving the soundproofing effect.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 5 is a development view of the soundproof structure for a rail according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a soundproof structure for rails according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the following, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted.
The covering member 8 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 has a vibration damping layer 9b on the inner side and a sound absorbing layer 10b on the outer side. The damping layer 9b is formed of a viscoelastic body, and as such a viscoelastic body, natural rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, butyl rubber, ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), chloroprene rubber, fluoro rubber, silicon rubber, urethane are used. Vulcanized rubber such as rubber, polynorbornene rubber, acrylic rubber, styrene, olefin, vinyl chloride TPE (thermoplastic elastomer), polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, vinyl chloride, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) resin, etc. Of these, preferred are thermoplastic resins, gels such as silicon, emulsions such as vinyl acetate, EVA, and acrylic resins, and rubber latex. The sound absorbing layer 10b is formed of a highly rigid elastic body that is higher in rigidity than the vibration damping layer 9b. Examples of such a highly rigid elastic body include an inorganic material in which porous ceramic, foamed concrete, and inorganic fine particles are bonded with a resin. A particle binder or the like is preferable. Examples of such inorganic particle binders include porous porous water-resistant inorganic particles bonded by an organic binder containing a light-shielding inorganic pigment and a silane coupling agent as described in JP-A-62-240620, for example. A weather-resistant sound-absorbing material made of a molded body is preferred.

If on the rail R through the vehicle the rail R vibrates, since the damping layer 9 b is formed by a viscoelastic damping layer 9 b constitute a flexible spring and dashpot, rails Vibration from R hardly propagates from the damping layer 9b to the sound absorbing layer 10b, and part of the vibration energy of the rail R is converted into thermal energy by vibration attenuation due to viscosity, thereby absorbing and damping the vibration. Also, the sound absorbing layer 10b is constrained damping layer 9b, by increasing the shear deformation of the damping layer 9b, it amplifies the damping capability of the damping layer 9b. Furthermore, the sound absorbing layer 10b absorbs the energy of the sound transmitted from the damping layer 9b to the sound absorbing layer 10b, and the noise from the rail R is reduced. In the second embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the sound absorbing layer 10b is formed on the side opposite to the side in contact with the rail R. The rolling sound, aerodynamic sound, etc. that are generated when the sound passes through can be absorbed by the sound absorbing layer 10b.

(Third embodiment)
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a soundproof structure for rails according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
The covering member 8 shown in FIG. 7 has a magnetic layer 12 on the side that contacts the rail R of the sound absorbing layer 9a (surface of the sound absorbing layer 9a), and the side that contacts the rail R of the magnetic layer 12 (magnetic body). A rust preventive layer 13 is provided on the surface of the layer 12. The magnetic layer 12 is a magnetic coating film that is formed on the entire surface of the sound absorbing layer 9a, and is formed by applying a thin plate-like magnetic rubber or a magnetic paint adhered by an adhesive or the like. Generates a magnetic force that adsorbs to the surface. As such magnetic powder, ferrite magnetic powder such as strontium ferrite and barium ferrite, and rare earth magnetic powder such as 1-5 type samarium cobalt and 2-17 type samarium cobalt are preferable. The rust preventive layer 13 is a layer that prevents corrosion of the rail R, and is formed by applying a rust preventive agent to the entire surface of the magnetic layer 12. Such rust preventives include phthalic resin-based, epoxy resin-based, polyurea-based, urethane resin-based, vinyl ester-based paint-type rust-preventing agents, fluororesin-based coating-type rust-proofing agents, Vaporized rust preventives such as nitrates and rust preventive grease are preferred. In the third embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, the covering member 8 can be easily fixed to the rail R by the magnetic force of the magnetic layer 12, and the attaching / detaching operation to the rail R can be performed more easily. can do. Moreover, in this 3rd Embodiment, since the antirust layer 13 contacts the surface of the rail R, corrosion of the rail R can be prevented.

(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a soundproof structure for a rail according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The covering member 8 shown in FIG. 8 has a magnetic layer 12 on the side of the damping layer 9b that contacts the rail R, and has a rust prevention layer 13 on the side of the magnetic layer 12 that contacts the rail R. In the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effects of the second embodiment, the covering member 8 can be easily fixed to the rail R by the magnetic force of the magnetic layer 12, and the attaching / detaching operation to the rail R can be performed more easily. And the corrosion of the rail R can be prevented.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, and various modifications or changes can be made as described below, and these are also within the scope of the present invention.
(1) In this embodiment, the case where a part of the rail R is covered with the covering member 8 has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, substantially all of the rail R can be covered with the covering member 8 within a range that does not contact the tread surface W ₁ and the flange surface W _{2 of} the wheel W. In the third embodiment, the case where the rust preventive layer 13 is formed on the side of the sound absorbing layer 9a that contacts the rail R has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, the damping layer 9b shown in FIG. 8 can contain a rust inhibitor, or the rust preventive layer 13 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can be omitted and the magnetic layer 12 can contain a rust inhibitor. . In this case, a rust preventive agent can be blended or mixed in the entire sound absorbing layer 9a, or a rust preventive agent can be blended or impregnated on the surface of the sound absorbing layer 9a.

(2) In the third and fourth embodiments, the case where the magnetic layer 12 and the antirust layer 13 are formed on the sound absorbing layer 9a and the vibration damping layer 9b has been described as an example. Alternatively, only one of the rust prevention layers 13 can be formed. Moreover, in this 3rd Embodiment and 4th Embodiment, although the case where the rust prevention layer 13 was formed in the coating | coated member 8 side was mentioned as an example, it demonstrated, and the rust prevention layer 13 can also be formed in the rail R side. .

It is a top view which shows the mounting state of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view which shows the mounting state of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is an expanded view of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the soundproof structure of the rail which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sleeper 2 Rail fastening device 7 Sound insulation structure 8 Cover member 9a Sound absorption layer (sound absorption part)
9b Damping layer (damping part)
10a Damping layer (damping part)
10b Sound absorbing layer (sound absorbing part)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Fixing member 11a, 11b Holding member 11c Connecting member 12 Magnetic body layer 13 Rust prevention layer R rail R ₁ rail head R ₂ rail bottom R ₃ rail abdomen W Wheel

Claims (2)

A soundproof structure for the rail that reduces the noise generated by the vibration of the rail,
A covering member covering at least a part of the rail;
The covering member has a sound absorbing part that absorbs the noise on the inner side, and a damping part that reduces the vibration on the outer side,
The sound absorbing part is a foam of EPDM which is a viscoelastic material having a sound absorbing function ,
The damping part is a damping steel plate having a damping function higher in rigidity than the sound absorbing part;
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by. A soundproof structure for the rail that reduces the noise generated by the vibration of the rail,
A covering member covering at least a part of the rail;
The covering member has a damping part that reduces the vibration on the inside, and a sound absorbing part that absorbs the noise on the outside,
The damping unit is a viscoelastic body having a damping function,
The sound absorbing part is a weather-resistant sound-absorbing material made of a porous molded body of water-resistant inorganic particles, having a higher sound-absorbing function than the vibration-damping part.
The soundproof structure of the rail characterized by.

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