JP4299980B2 - head lamp - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicular lamp, and more particularly to a configuration of a vehicular lamp for lighting purposes such as a headlamp and a fog lamp. Even when the overall shape is downsized, the light flux supplement rate with respect to the light source is reduced. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a configuration of a vehicular lamp that can secure a sufficient amount of light.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The configuration of the vehicular lamp used for conventional lighting is as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. First, the vehicular lamp 90 having the configuration shown in FIG. A parabolic reflecting surface 92 is employed, and the light from the light source 91 is projected in the irradiation direction as a parallel light beam by the reflecting surface 92, and a lens cut 93a mainly diffusing in the horizontal direction is provided in the parallel light beam. By disposing the lens 93, a light distribution characteristic suitable for a vehicle having a wide irradiation width in the horizontal direction is obtained.
[0003]
Further, the vehicular lamp 80 shown in FIG. 11 employs an ellipsoidal reflecting surface 82 such as a rotation ellipse in which a light source 81 is installed at a first focal point f1, and the light from the light source 81 that converges at a second focal point f2. By installing the shutter 83 in the light beam, a light beam having a substantially circular cross section from the reflecting surface 82 is made into a substantially lower half-moon shape, and this cross-sectional shape is inverted and projected by the projection lens 84 to form a substantially upper-string shape. The light distribution characteristics described above are obtained, which are called projector type, PES, or the like.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the vehicular lamp having the above-described conventional configuration, first, in the vehicular lamp 90 shown in FIG. 10, in order to secure a minimum amount necessary for the amount of light as a headlamp, it is about 80 mm vertically and horizontally. The size of the reflecting surface 92 of about 150 mm is necessary, and the headlamps that are currently used in vehicles are also approaching the above dimensions, causing a problem that further miniaturization is impossible. .
[0005]
Further, in the headlamp 80 shown in FIG. 11, it is possible to reduce the size, but only the convex lens-like projection lens 84 appears on the outer surface of the vehicle. There is no degree of freedom, and as the number of models used increases, the design becomes obsolete. Further, in order to form the light distribution characteristics, a shutter 83 that shields approximately half of the light amount from the reflecting surface 82 is essential, so that the luminous flux utilization rate with respect to the light source 81 is not so high.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention provides a headlamp comprising a light source, a first reflection surface, and a second reflection surface as specific means for solving the above-described conventional problems, wherein the first reflection surface surrounds the light source. Each of which has the light source as the first focal point, the second focal point on or near the other reflecting surface , located in the left-right direction below the first focal point, and the second focal point on the first reflecting surface. An opening is set in the vicinity of the focal point, the first reflection surface is a pair of spheroid reflection surfaces in the left-right direction with respect to the light source, and the second reflection surface is the first reflection surface. A pair of lights having a focal point in the vicinity of each of the second reflecting surfaces, which reflects the reflected light from the first reflecting surface that is collected at the second focal point and radiated from the opening toward the irradiation direction of the headlamp. A headler characterized by being a parabolic reflecting surface By providing up, as both allow and improve the miniaturization and the light flux utilization factor, it is to solve the problem.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Below, this invention is demonstrated in detail based on embodiment shown in a figure. 1 to 4 is a headlamp according to the present invention, FIG. 1 is a perspective view, FIG. 2 is a front view, and FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view along a center line X of the light source 2. What is indicated by reference numeral 3a in the figure is a right first reflecting surface disposed in the right half of the light source 2 when viewed from the driver's seat side of the vehicle, and this right first reflecting surface 3a is the left first described later. The long axis Y (a, b) together with the one reflecting surface 3b is appropriately downward with respect to the center line X.
[0008]
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view along the major axis Y of the right first reflective surface 3a and the left first reflective surface 3b. The right first reflective surface 3a and the left first reflective surface 3b It is formed as an ellipsoidal reflecting surface such as a spheroid having a focal point f1, and is joined and integrated in a vertical section along the center line X of the light source 2 to form the first reflecting surface 3.
[0009]
At this time, the major axis Ya of the right first reflecting surface 3a is appropriately downward as described above and tilted leftward, and symmetrically, the major axis Yb of the left first reflecting surface 3b is The second focal point f2a of the right first reflecting surface 3a is present on the major axis Ya tilted to the left, that is, closer to the opposite left first reflecting surface 3b. Similarly, the second focal point f2b of the left first reflecting surface 3b is also present near the right first reflecting surface 3a.
[0010]
The second focal point f2a of the right first reflecting surface 3a is set on or near the left first reflecting surface 3b. Similarly, the second focal point f2b of the left first reflecting surface 3b is also the right first reflecting surface 3a. An opening 4 is provided at a position that is set on or in the vicinity thereof and corresponds to each second focal point f2a.
[0011]
That is, according to the present invention, the first reflecting surface 3 is shaped to surround the light source 2 with the right first reflecting surface 3a and the left reflecting surface 3b, but is emitted from the light source 2 and the right first reflecting surface. The light reflected on the surface 3a is extracted to the outside of the first reflecting surface 3 from the opening 4 provided on the left reflecting surface 3b. Similarly, the light reflected on the left reflecting surface 3b is provided on the right reflecting surface 3a. Thus, it is taken out from the opening 4.
[0012]
In the present invention, by providing the second reflecting surface 5 with respect to the light extracted from the first reflecting surface 3 as described above, the light is directed in the irradiation direction of the headlamp 1, Corresponding to the first reflecting surface 3 being composed of a pair of the right first reflecting surface 3a and the left reflecting surface 3b, the second reflecting surface 5 is also composed of the right second reflecting surface 5a and the left second reflecting surface. It consists of a pair with 5b.
[0013]
The right second reflecting surface 5a has a focal point in the vicinity of the second focal point f2b of the left reflecting surface 3b, and a parabolic column surface in which a parabola appears in a vertical section and a straight line appears in a horizontal section. The left second reflecting surface 5b is also formed as a similar parabolic column surface having a focal point in the vicinity of the second focal point f2a of the right first reflecting surface 3a.
[0014]
At this time, since the headlamp 1 is required to have a wide light distribution characteristic in the horizontal direction, the second reflecting surface 5 (a, b) is parabolic as described above. The direction in which a straight line appears on the cross section of the column surface is arranged as a horizontal direction, and the light from the first reflecting surface 3 (a, b) is converged into a substantially parallel light beam in the vertical direction and without being converged in the horizontal direction. It is supposed to reflect. Further, in order to facilitate understanding, the second reflecting surface 5 (a, b) is shown as a single parabolic column surface in the figure, but this may be divided into multiple stages in the vertical direction and / or the front-rear direction. Is.
[0015]
The second reflecting surface 5 (a, b) is a light distribution characteristic of the headlamp 1 as a combination of the reflected light from the right second reflecting surface 5a and the reflected light from the left second reflecting surface 5b. Therefore, both the second reflecting surfaces 5 (a, b) have an angle α of 0 to 80 so that both reflected lights overlap in front and the irradiation angle in the horizontal direction is also appropriate. It is set as a range of °. Further, the second reflecting surface 5 (a, b) is composed of a plurality of parabolic column surfaces having different angles α or a plurality of free-form surfaces approximating the angle α. It is good also as what forms a light distribution characteristic.
[0016]
In addition, in the headlamp 1 of the present invention, the light-shielding mirror 6 (a, b) for imparting an appropriate light distribution characteristic as a vehicular lamp to the reflected light from the second reflecting surface 5 (a, b). Is provided. The light shielding mirror 6 (a, b) has a substantially flat plate shape, and an edge 6 c is provided at or near each of the second focal points f2 a, f2 b of the first reflecting surface 3 (a, b). Basically, it is used in the projector type described in the conventional example in that it is formed by shielding and molding a part of the cross-sectional shape of the reflected light from the first reflecting surface 3 (a, b). It has the same function as the shutter.
[0017]
FIG. 5 illustrates the operation of the light-shielding mirror 6. In this light-shielding mirror 6, the long axis Y of the first reflecting surface 3 is installed so as to be substantially in contact with the edge 6c. The second focal point f2 of the first reflecting surface 3 is set appropriately in front of or in the vicinity of the edge 6c.
[0018]
By doing in this way, in the state shown in the figure, the light traveling from above the major axis Y toward the second focal point f2 is converged on the second focal point f2 without being shielded by the light-shielding mirror 6, and once converged. Is inverted, and the cross-sectional shape of the light beam reaches the second reflecting surface 5 as a semicircular shape of an upper chord as indicated by a symbol Sd in the figure.
[0019]
On the other hand, the light traveling from below the major axis Y toward the second focal point f2 is shielded and reflected by the light-shielding mirror 6, and after the reflection, the second mapping f2 is mapped. It converges to the bifocal point f2 '. At this time, since the reflection is already performed by the light-shielding mirror 6 and the top and bottom are inverted, the cross-sectional shape of the light beam after converging on the mapping second focal point f2 ′ also becomes a semicircular shape of an upper chord.
[0020]
That is, according to the configuration of the present invention, the light beam that passes through the light-shielding mirror 6 without passing through the light-shielding mirror 6 and the light beam that strikes and reflects the light-shielding mirror 6 are in a semi-circular shape, that is, upward as irradiation light from the headlamp 1. Since it does not have a factor of light generation, it is optimal for forming a passing light distribution. Therefore, if the second reflecting surface 5 having a focus in the vicinity of the mapping second focal point f2 ′ is provided in the traveling direction of the light reflected by the light shielding mirror 6, almost the entire amount of light reflected by the first reflecting surface 3 can be reduced. It can be used as irradiation light of the headlamp 1. In the case where it is not expected to collect the light shielded as described above, the light shielding mirror 6 may be a simple shielding plate having no reflection function.
[0021]
For easy understanding, the light is divided into upper and lower halves by the light-shielding mirror 6 and one is reflected and the other is slipped through. In FIG. Although the illustration and the explanation are made on the assumption that the focal point f2 exists, in practice, a light source image having an area is formed at the position of the second focal point f2, so that the edge 6c and the second focal point are formed. Even when f2 matches, the same action is produced.
[0022]
2 and 4 indicate a central projecting surface provided between the right second reflective surface 5a and the left second reflective surface 5b, and a pair of the second reflective surfaces 5 described above. (A, b) are arranged in a state of facing each other in order to form the light distribution characteristics of the headlamp 1, so that the reflected light from one reflection surface may reflect the other depending on the arrangement state. There also occurs a situation in which the formation of the light distribution characteristic is impeded by entering the surface.
[0023]
The central projecting surface 7 is provided to prevent this situation. For example, the central projecting surface 7 is formed as a triangular prism having a vertex in the irradiation direction and a vertical side surface 7a, and light is transmitted through the side surface 7a. This prevents the light from entering the other second reflecting surface 5 from one side.
[0024]
Also, what is denoted by reference numeral 8 in FIG. 4 is a leakage prevention mirror, and this leakage prevention mirror 8 leaks direct light from the light source 2 in the irradiation direction from the opening 4 and the driver of the oncoming vehicle. Alternatively, it is provided for the purpose of preventing the pedestrian from being dazzled.
[0025]
In order to meet this purpose, the leakage prevention mirror 8 is provided so as to cover the respective openings 4 from the front in the irradiation direction. At this time, in this embodiment, the leakage preventing mirror 8 is formed as a substantially conical surface having an axis substantially parallel to the edge of the light shielding mirror 6 and opening toward the first reflecting surface 3, and the inner surface is subjected to a reflection treatment. Thus, the light leaked from the opening 4 is returned to the first reflection surface 3 again and reused to further improve the luminous flux utilization factor for the light source 2.
[0026]
The above is the basic configuration of the headlamp 1 according to the present invention, and as is apparent from the above description, in the headlamp 1 of the present invention, the light source 2 is surrounded by the first reflecting surface 3 almost entirely. Therefore, at the stage where the first reflecting surface 3 captures, the light beam supplement rate for the light source 2 can be made extremely high.
[0027]
In addition, in the headlamp 1 of the present invention, the light reflected by the first reflecting surface 3 is again reflected by the second reflecting surface 5 and used as irradiation light. The shutter, which was conventionally only shielded, is mirrored to form a light-shielding mirror 6, and the light of the shielded part can be used as irradiation light. The efficiency when shifting the light to the two reflecting surfaces 5 is also increased.
[0028]
Based on the above, in the headlamp 1 of the present invention, the ratio that can be used as irradiation light with respect to the total light amount of the light source 2 can be 60% or more, which is one of the headlamps of the conventional configuration. .5 to 2 times higher efficiency. Further, according to the configuration of the present invention, the light source 2 is covered by the first reflecting surface 3 except for the portion of the opening 4, and the opening 4 is also covered from the front by the light source leakage prevention mirror 8. No. 2 can be seen at all, and the headlamp 1 has a novel appearance.
[0029]
As is clear from the above description, the headlamp 1 having the above basic configuration may be configured upside down from the state shown in FIG. The second reflecting surface 5 may be formed as two upper and lower layers.
[0030]
6 to 9 show application examples based on the headlamp 1 having the above-described configuration. First, in the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the headlamp 1 is formed on a part of the first reflecting surface 3. A light exit 3c is provided, and a third reflecting surface 9 having a paraboloidal system such as a rotating paraboloid focusing on the light source 2 is provided above the light flux emitted from the light exit 3c. is there.
[0031]
By doing in this way, the headlamp 1 can be made into a vertically long shape as a whole, and for example, the degree of freedom when matching with the design of the vehicle is increased. In addition, although the distribution amount of the light quantity with respect to the said 2nd reflective surface 5 reduces by providing the said light exit 3c, the light quantity for the reduced amount is radiated | emitted from the 3rd reflective surface 9 to an irradiation direction. Therefore, the total amount of light does not change.
[0032]
Further, the third reflecting surface 9 has a reflecting surface shape suitable for traveling light distribution, and a movable plate 10 that can be freely opened and closed is provided at the light outlet 3c. When traveling in a suburb with a small amount, it is possible to change such as moving the movable plate 10 to open the light outlet 3c for running light distribution.
[0033]
Furthermore, if it demonstrates supplementarily, the said movable plate 10 is comprised as an elliptical reflective surface substantially continuous to the 1st reflective surface 3, and when closed, performs the same effect | action as the 1st reflective surface 3, If the light is reflected in the direction of the third reflecting surface 9 when opened, the high efficiency at the time of passing light distribution can be maintained.
[0034]
Also in the headlamp 1 of the third embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a light outlet 3 c is provided on the first reflecting surface 3 as in the previous second embodiment. However, the light outlet 3c is provided as a pair on the left and right sides of the first reflecting surface 3, and the third reflecting surface 9 is also provided as a pair of left and right outside the second reflecting surface 5 correspondingly.
[0035]
Each of the third reflecting surfaces 9 is formed as a reflecting surface of a paraboloidal system such as a rotating paraboloid having a focal point on the light source 2 as in the second embodiment. In this way, in the second embodiment, the vertically long headlamp 1 can be provided in a state of being attached to the vehicle, whereas in the third embodiment, the horizontally long headlamp 1 can be provided. To do.
[0036]
The light outlet 3c is not necessarily symmetrical with respect to the left and right sides. For example, the position of the third reflection surface 9 is shifted in the vertical direction, and the third reflection surface 9 is shifted in the vertical direction. In this case, the overall shape may be inclined, such as left-up or right-up, or the position may be shifted in the front-rear direction so that the front and rear surfaces of the third reflecting surfaces 9 may be formed when viewed from above. is there.
[0037]
FIG. 8 shows a fourth embodiment of a headlamp 1 according to the present invention. The fourth embodiment is the same in that a light outlet 3d is provided on the first reflecting surface 3, but the previous second embodiment. In any of the third embodiments, the third reflecting surface 9 that receives light from the light outlet 3d is a parabolic reflecting surface that focuses on the light source 2.
[0038]
On the other hand, in this fourth embodiment, an ellipsoidal fourth reflecting surface 11 such as a spheroidal surface having the light source 2 as the first focal point is provided corresponding to the light outlet 3d. In the fourth embodiment, an example is shown in which a pair of fourth reflecting surfaces 11 each having a long axis Z substantially orthogonal to the axis X of the light source 2 in the horizontal direction are provided.
[0039]
Therefore, the fourth reflective surface 11 has a second focal point f42 in the left-right direction of the light source 2, and in the fourth embodiment, the second focal point f42 of the fourth reflective surface 11 is outside the second reflective surface 5. The fifth reflecting surface 12 having a paraboloidal system with a focal point is provided, and the light of the light source 2 captured by the fourth reflecting surface 11 is directed in the irradiation direction.
[0040]
By doing so, the light from the light source 2 converges on the second focal point f42 of the fourth reflecting surface 11, so the same action and effect as the light source 2 has moved to the position of the second focal point f42. Therefore, by setting the distance between the first focal point and the second focal point of the fourth reflecting surface 11 to be an appropriate one, it is possible to supply light in a state where the fifth reflecting surface 12 does not diffuse so much. It will be possible. In the fourth embodiment as well, the headlamp 1 is made to correspond to the vehicle design by tilting the long axis Z obliquely from the horizontal when viewed from the front, or tilting from 90 ° with respect to the axis X when viewed from above. Is free.
[0041]
Since the fourth reflecting surface 11 is an ellipsoidal reflecting surface as described above, the second light-shielding mirror 13 is provided in the vicinity of the second focal point f42 in the same manner as the first reflecting surface 3, and the fifth reflecting surface is provided. The reflected light from the surface 12 may be given a shape suitable for passing light distribution. Further, the second light-shielding mirror 13 is movable, and is placed at a predetermined position when passing light distribution is desired, and traveling light distribution is desired. Sometimes it is possible to leave the predetermined position.
[0042]
FIG. 9 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. This fifth embodiment is a combination of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment described above, and is wider in the horizontal direction. It is possible to form a headlamp having a narrow width in the vertical direction, that is, a so-called large aspect ratio without a reduction in the amount of irradiation light. 1 can be manufactured with a light quantity sufficient for practical use.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a headlamp comprising a light source, a first reflecting surface, and a second reflecting surface, wherein the first reflecting surface is formed so as to surround the light source, and One focal point, the second focal point on or near the other reflecting surface , located in the left-right direction below the first focal point, an opening is set near the second focal point on the first reflecting surface The first reflecting surface is a pair of spheroidal reflecting surfaces in the left-right direction with respect to the light source, and the second reflecting surface collects light at a second focal point of the first reflecting surface and opens the opening. A pair of paraboloidal reflecting surfaces having a focal point in the vicinity of each of the second reflecting surfaces, which reflects the reflected light from the first reflecting surface radiated from the headlamp toward the irradiation direction of the headlamp. Features headlamps. Further, a light shielding plate or a light shielding mirror is provided in the vicinity of the second focal point of the first reflecting surface, and a light / dark boundary of passing light distribution by the second reflecting surface having a focal point in the vicinity of the edge of the light shielding plate and the light shielding mirror. By using a headlamp in which a line is formed, first, the light source is formed by the shape of the first reflecting surface that covers the light source from almost the entire circumference and the light-shielding mirror that can reuse the light of the shielded part. The luminous flux utilization factor for the lamp is improved to about twice that of the conventional headlamp, and an extremely excellent effect is obtained in improving the performance of the lamp.
[0044]
Also, secondly, by combining the above configuration with the third reflecting surface, or the fourth reflecting surface and the fifth reflecting surface, the shape such as vertically long and horizontally long can be made freely without causing loss of light amount. In addition to being matched to the design of the vehicle, it is also possible to provide a novel design that makes the light source not particularly conscious by the first reflecting surface, and has an excellent effect on improving the aesthetics of the vehicle.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment of a headlamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a headlamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the operation of a light-shielding mirror.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the headlamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view showing a third embodiment of the headlamp according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a front view showing a fourth embodiment of the headlamp according to the invention.
FIG. 9 is a front view showing a fifth embodiment of the headlamp according to the invention.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional example.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another conventional example.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 10 ... Headlamp 2 ... Light source 3 ... 1st reflective surface 3a ... Right 1st reflective surface 3b ... Left 1st reflective surface 3c, 3d ... Light outlet 4 ... Opening part 5 ... Second reflecting surface 5a ...... Right second reflecting surface 5b ... Left second reflecting surface 6 (a, b) ... Light shielding mirror 6c ... Edge 7 ... Center protruding surface 7a ... Side 8 ... Leakage prevention mirror 9 …… Third reflecting surface 10 …… Movable plate 11 …… Fourth reflecting surface 12 …… Fifth reflecting surface 13 …… Second light shielding mirror

Claims (7)

A headlamp comprising a light source, a first reflecting surface and a second reflecting surface, wherein the first reflecting surface is formed so as to surround the light source, each of which has the light source as a first focal point and a second focal point as a counterpart. On or near the reflective surface , positioned in the left-right direction below the first focal point, an opening is set near the second focal point on the first reflective surface, and the first reflective surface is A pair of spheroidal reflecting surfaces that are in the left-right direction with respect to the light source, and the second reflecting surface is focused on the second focal point of the first reflecting surface and radiated from the opening. A headlamp characterized by being a pair of paraboloidal reflecting surfaces having a focal point in the vicinity of each of the second reflecting surfaces, which reflects reflected light from the headlight toward the irradiation direction of the headlamp.   A light shielding plate or a light shielding mirror is provided in the vicinity of the second focal point of the first reflecting surface, and a light and dark boundary line of a passing light distribution is formed by the second reflecting surface having a focal point in the vicinity of the edge of the light shielding plate and the light shielding mirror. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the headlamp is formed.   2. The reflection surface is one sheet having a focal point at an edge of the light shielding plate or the light shielding mirror, or a plurality of bent parabolic pillar surfaces, or a free curved surface similar thereto. Or the headlamp of Claim 2.   In order to prevent light reflected by one second reflecting surface from reaching the other second reflecting surface between the second reflecting surfaces, there is a central projecting surface as a combination of substantially vertical wall surfaces. The headlamp according to claim 1, wherein the headlamp is provided.   A leakage prevention plate that prevents direct light from the light source and reflected light from the first reflection surface from leaking directly from the opening to the front of the opening of the first reflection surface, Or the leak prevention mirror is provided, The headlamp in any one of Claims 1-4 characterized by the above-mentioned.   A part of the first reflection surface is provided with a light extraction port, and a fourth reflection surface corresponding to the light extraction port is set, and the fourth reflection surface is composed of a spheroidal reflection surface. Each of which has the light source as the first focal point, the second focal point is located substantially in the left-right direction, and the fifth reflective surface that receives the light reflected by the fourth reflective surface is set at the tip of the second focal point. The fifth focal point reflects the reflected light from the fourth reflective surface toward the irradiation direction of the headlamp, and has a parabolic reflecting surface having a focal point in the vicinity of the second focal point of the fourth reflective surface. The headlamp according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein:   7. The head according to claim 6, wherein a second light-shielding mirror is provided in the vicinity of the second focal point of the fourth reflecting surface, and reflected light from the fifth reflecting surface forms a passing light distribution. lamp.

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