JP4313077B2 - Sliding device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a sliding device configured to guide the lower surface of a table in the form of a sliding support on the upper surface of a guide member.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The forms of guidance in the conventional sliding device are roughly divided into the following three types.
[0003]
(1) The sliding support surface and the surface slide while slidably contacting each other. It is also called a slip guide.
[0004]
(2) Rolling support ball rolls. There is also a form in which the roller rolls. Also known as Korogari information.
[0005]
(3) Static pressure support Among these three types of guide forms, the roller support (2) has a low coefficient of friction and sliding resistance and requires little power to move objects, so it can be used for high-speed feed machine tools. Has been. However, for example, if a ball is used, it will be a point contact, and if a roller is used, it will be a line contact. Therefore, in either case, there is no sliding rigidity compared to (1) surface sliding (sliding support) and it is durable. There is a problem with the lifetime.
[0006]
In recent machine tools, sliding support for surface contact is reviewed from the viewpoint of rigidity and service life. In this case, the sliding upper part is generally configured as a sliding surface, and scraping finish (scraper finish) is performed. If the contact ratio is increased due to the balance with the surface pressure, the sliding resistance increases. If the contact ratio is reduced, the sliding resistance is reduced, but the surface pressure is increased and wear is accelerated. Therefore, the upper surface scraping is determined by the resistance load, speed, and PV value.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
If only the surface contact sliding support is used, the support becomes unstable due to sliding frictional resistance between the table and its guide member.
[0008]
For example, if the side surface of the guide member is used as a sliding reference surface and the side surface of the table is slid in the form of a sliding support with respect to this reference surface, the sliding resistance of the sliding support between these two side surfaces is guided. The sliding resistance of the sliding support between the upper surface of the member and the lower surface of the table may be larger. For example, a conventional sliding gib (razor) is a wedge-shaped wedge having a slope, and the pressing force of the wedge toward the reference surface increases, so that the sliding resistance is large.
[0009]
In this case, the followability by fine movement deteriorates, and a stick-slip phenomenon occurs, which may adversely affect accuracy.
[0010]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a sliding device that can increase rigidity, reduce sliding resistance, and extend service life by using both slip guides and roller guides. In particular, an object of the present invention is to provide a composite sliding device for reducing sliding resistance using a linear (roller is line contact, ball is point contact) guide.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses both slip support and collagari support.
[0012]
Examples of the solution of the present invention are as described in the claims .
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
According to a preferred aspect of the present invention, the upper surface of the guide member guides the lower surface of the table in the form of a sliding support. One side surface of the guide member serving as the reference surface uses a roller member, and, for example, a linear roller guideway is used to enable the roller roller support to be guided.
[0023]
Preferably, a wedge (giving) is attached to the linear roller guide in order to apply a pressing force to the linear roller guide provided on the reference surface of the guide member. In this case, the pressing force is applied to the reference surface and one surface of the wedge in the form of a roller support instead of a slip support. The sliding friction coefficient is about 0.02 to 0.04 in the linear roller guide when the conventional sliding method is about 0.1. When a pressing force is applied by wedge, it is possible to apply a preload to the reference surface side by about 1/5 to 1/3 compared to sliding support.
[0024]
In another preferred aspect of the present invention, linear roller guides are provided before and after the sliding direction on the reference surface of the sliding device to enable roller guide, and a sliding sliding member made of wedges is provided at the center in the sliding direction. Provide. This is a composite sliding device.
[0025]
For example, in this reverse sliding method, preload (by a disc spring or the like) is applied by an auxiliary member between the roller sliding and the roller sliding by a plurality of linear roller guides to eliminate vibrations and chatter during cutting. It plays a role for The sliding support guide at the center is configured so that the pressing force is smaller than that of the support support guide at both ends. Thereby, the role of the auxiliary sliding of the roller guide is performed. This is a new type of sliding device that increases damping and absorbs chatter and vibration.
[0026]
In yet another aspect of the present invention, linear roller guides are provided at both ends in the sliding direction on the reference surface of the sliding device to enable roller guides. A pressure sliding member using a disc spring is provided at the center in the traveling direction, and a preload is applied to the reference surface and the opposite guide surface. This is a sliding device that plays the role of auxiliary sliding of the roller guide. This makes it possible to absorb and mitigate external factors of vibration and chatter.
[0027]
Preferably, the pressing member is formed of wedges, and the shape such as thickness and inclination can be arbitrarily configured according to the structure of the table and the guide member. The pressing member may be composed of an elastic member such as rubber or a spring.
[0028]
The guide member may be configured as an integral member having a T-shaped cross section, or may be configured as a separate mounting / sliding portion that can be attached and detached.
[0029]
Preferably, the roller member is constituted by a linear roller guide. The roller member may be composed of other rolling members using balls or the like.
[0030]
Preferably, the lower surface of the table and the upper surface of the guide member are both sliding surfaces so as to be guided in a sliding manner. One side surface of the table and the side surface of the guide member facing it form a roller guide structure with a linear roller guide having a lower frictional resistance.
[0031]
According to another preferable aspect, the auxiliary sliding member for pressing and sliding the table against the guide member is provided. A disc spring is preferably used as the auxiliary sliding member, but another elastic member such as a leaf spring or rubber may be used.
[0032]
Note that slip guide (slip support) refers to moving a moving body on a guide surface, preferably via a lubricating oil, and the like. It means moving through a rolling element such as a roller.
[0033]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0034]
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing an example of a sliding device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.
[0035]
The sliding device 10 has a saddle 12. On the upper surface of the saddle 12, a rail-shaped first guide member 14 and second guide member 16 are arranged in parallel in the longitudinal direction. The guide members 14 and 16 are generally T-shaped in cross section as a whole. In the illustrated example, the upper portions of the guide members 14 and 16 are configured as detachable attachment sliding portions 14d and 16d, respectively.
[0036]
A feed screw 18 is supported between the two guide members 14 and 16 so as to be rotatable around the axis in parallel with them. A servo motor 20 is connected to one end of the feed screw 18.
[0037]
A table 21 is set to be able to slide on the guide members 14 and 16. A first recess 22 and a second recess 23 are formed on the lower surface of the table 21, and the guide members 14 and 16 are engaged therewith, respectively. A nut 24 is fixed to the center of the lower surface of the table 21.
[0038]
The nut 24 is engaged with the feed screw 18, and the nut 24 slides together with the table 21 when the feed screw 18 rotates. The feed screw 18 may be a high-precision ball screw or a normal trapezoidal screw.
[0039]
In the illustrated embodiment, in FIG. 2, the upper surfaces 14a and 16a of the mounting sliding portions 14d and 16d are sliding surfaces, respectively. On the other hand, in FIG. 2, the upper surfaces 22a and 23a of the recesses 22 and 23 are the corresponding sliding surfaces.
[0040]
Although the outward side surfaces 14b and 16b of the mounting sliding portions 14d and 16d and the inward side surfaces 22b and 23b of the recesses 22 and 23 are close to each other, they do not slide, and a small gap is formed between them. ing.
[0041]
The first linear roller guide 28 is in contact with the inward side surface 14c of the mounting sliding portion 14d as a typical example of the collage member in the present invention. The inward side surface 14c serves as a reference surface when the table 21 moves. The first linear roller guide 28 is attached to the lower surface of the table 21 via the mounting bracket 26, and moves together with the table 21.
[0042]
The second linear roller guide 30 is in contact with the inward side surface 16c of the mounting sliding portion 16d. The second linear roller guide 30 is fixed to an attachment portion 21 a that protrudes below the table 21 via a wedge 32 that is a typical example of the guide member of the present invention, and moves together with the table 21. The wedge 32 has an appropriate width in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the table 21 and presses the second linear roller guide 30 against the inward side surface 16 c of the second guide member 16. That is, the wedge 32 presses the first linear roller guide 28 against the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14 serving as a reference surface.
[0043]
Thus, since the second linear roller guide 30 is attached to the wedge 32 and the table 21 is pressed against the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14, the table 21 is maintained while maintaining a small pressure on the side surface of the guide member. Can be slid.
[0044]
FIG. 3 is a top view showing another example of the sliding device according to the present invention. 4 and 5 are an AA sectional view and a BB sectional view of the sliding device 101 shown in FIG. 3, respectively. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as FIG.1 and FIG.2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0045]
A sliding member 261 is attached to the first guide member 14 side below the table 211. The outward side surface near the center in the sliding direction of the sliding member 261 is configured as a sliding surface 261c. The sliding surface 261c comes into contact with the inward side surface 14c of the first guide member 14 and slides in the form of a sliding support.
[0046]
Two pressing members 341 are provided on the opposite sides of the sliding member 261 and the feed screw 18. The pressing member 341 is configured as a wedge, and is attached to the protruding portion 211a at the lower part of the table 211 via a mounting bracket 341a.
[0047]
The outward side surface 341c of the pressing member 341 is configured as a sliding surface, and comes into contact with the inward side surface 16c of the second guide member 16 and slides in the form of sliding support. The pressing member 341 gives a repulsive force between the inward side surface 16 c of the second guide member 16 and the protruding portion 211 a at the bottom of the table 211. The pressing force by the pressing member 341 is smaller than the pressing force by the wedge 32. That is, the pressing member 341 serves as an auxiliary slide for supporting the collage, and is used for enhancing damping and absorbing chatter and vibration.
[0048]
FIG. 6 is a top view showing still another example of the sliding device according to the present invention. 7 and 8 are respectively a cross-sectional view taken along line AA and a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of the sliding device shown in FIG. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as FIG.1 and FIG.2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0049]
Two pressing members 342 are provided on both sides of the feed screw 18 near the center in the sliding direction of the sliding device 102. The pressing member 342 includes a mounting bracket 342a, a disc spring 342b, and a sliding portion 342c, and is attached to the lower surface of the table 212 via the mounting bracket 342a.
[0050]
The disc spring 342b is provided between the mounting bracket 342a and the sliding portion 342c, and gives a repulsive force therebetween.
[0051]
The sliding surface of the sliding portion 342c is configured to face outward, and is in sliding contact with the inward side surfaces 142c and 162c of the guide members 14 and 16 so as to slide. The pressing force by the pressing member 342 is smaller than the pressing force by the wedge 32. In other words, the pressing member 342 serves as an auxiliary slide for the roller guide, and is used for enhancing damping and absorbing chatter and vibration.
[0052]
FIG. 9 to FIG. 12 show still another example of a combination of a sliding slide and a sliding slide (hybrid sliding). In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the member same as the above-mentioned member, and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0053]
In the example of FIG. 9, the mounting sliding portions 143d and 163d of the guide members 143 and 163 are quenched. The first linear roller guide 28 is fixed to an attachment portion 213 b that protrudes downward from the table 213 via an attachment plate 27.
[0054]
In the example of FIG. 10, hardened steels 144e and 164e are attached to the side surfaces of the guide members 144 and 164, respectively. The hardened steels 144e and 164e are in contact with the first linear roller way 28 and the second linear roller way 30 on the side surfaces, respectively. In the sliding device of FIG. 10, the side surface of the hardened steel 144 e is configured as the reference surface S. By making the hardened steels 144e and 146e removable, adjustment and replacement are facilitated. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in addition to the sliding guide between the upper surface of the guide member and the lower surface of the table, the side surface of the table can be guided by the side surface of the guide member using the roller member and the pressing member. The table can be stably supported while pressing the side surface against the side surface of the guide member. As a result, rigidity can be increased, sliding resistance can be reduced, and service life can be extended.
[0056]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the above-mentioned Example. A pressing member and a roller member may be provided on both sides of one guide member. The shape, arrangement, and number of the pressing member and the roller member are also arbitrary.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view showing an example of a sliding device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a top view showing another example of a sliding device according to the invention. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the sliding device shown in FIG. 3. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line BB of the sliding device shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line AA of the sliding device shown in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along line BB of the sliding device shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows another example of a moving device.
FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing still another example of the sliding device according to the present invention.
11 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Sliding apparatus 12 Saddle 14 1st guide member 14a, 16a, 22a, 23a Upper surface 14b, 16b Outward side surface 16 2nd guide member 18 Feed screw 20 Servo motor 21 Table 21a, 21b Mounting part 22 1st recessed part 22b, 23b Inward side surface 23 Second recess 24 Nut 26, 261, 36 Mounting bracket 28 First linear roller guide 30 Second linear roller guide 32 Wedge 341 Press member

Claims (13)

A sliding device configured to guide the lower surface of the table (21) in the form of a sliding support on the upper surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16),
The first and second side surfaces of the table (21) and the first and second side surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16) facing the first and second side surfaces are first and second. A second roller member (28, 30) is provided;
The first and second side surfaces of the table (21) are supported by the first and second side surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16) via the first and second roller members (28, 30). Guide in shape,
Moreover, the upper portions of the first and second guide members (14, 16) are configured as detachable first and second attachment sliding portions (14d, 16d), respectively.
The upper surfaces (14a, 16a) of the first and second attachment sliding portions (14d, 16d) are respectively sliding surfaces,
The first incoherent member (30) is in contact with the first inward side surface (14c) of the first mounting sliding portion (14d), and the table (21) moves on the first inward side surface (14c). It becomes the reference plane when
The second roller member (30) is in contact with the second inward side surface (16c) of the second mounting sliding portion (16d),
The pressing member (32) includes two wedges (32) disposed on at least both ends of the table (21) on the second guide member (16) side along the moving direction of the table (21). Two wedge-shaped members (30) are attached to each of the wedges (32), and the wedge (32) on the second guide member (16) side causes the first guide member (14) side to A sliding device characterized in that one roller member (28) is pressed against the inward side surface (14c) of the first guide member (14) serving as a reference surface.   The sliding device according to claim 1, wherein the second roller member (30) is constituted by a linear roller guide. The frictional resistance between the side surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16) and the side surface of the table (21) opposite to the first and second guide members (14, 16) is increased between the upper surface of the first and second guide members (14, 16) and the table ( sliding device according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein less than the frictional resistance between the lower surface 21).   An auxiliary pressing member (341, 342) for pressing the table (21) in the horizontal direction against the first and second guide members (14, 16) is provided, and the pressing force of the auxiliary pressing member (341, 342) The sliding device according to claim 3, wherein is less than the pressing force of the pressing member (32).   The sliding device according to claim 4, wherein the auxiliary pressing member (341) is made of wedges.   A plurality of first linear guides (28) are provided between another side surface of the table (21) and the side surfaces of the first and second guide members (16, 14) facing the second side member (30). The sliding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the sliding device includes a plurality of second linear guides. The sliding device according to claim 6 , wherein an auxiliary pressing member (342) including a disc spring is provided between the first linear guide (28) or the second linear guide (30). The rail-shaped first guide member (14) and the second guide member (16) are arranged in parallel, and the lower surface of the table (21) is smoothed on the upper surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16). A sliding device configured to guide in the form of a support,
First and second roller members (28, 30) are provided for the first and second guide members (14, 16),
A feed screw (18) is provided in parallel between the first and second roller members (28, 30),
The first inward side surface (14c) of the first guide member (14) is in contact with the first colloidal member (30), and the first inward side surface (14c) is when the table (21) is moved. It is a reference plane,
The second roller member (30) is in contact with the second inward side surface (16c) of the second guide member (16),
The pressing member (32) includes two wedges (32) disposed on at least both ends of the table (21) on the second guide member (16) side along the moving direction of the table (21). Two wedge-shaped members (30) are attached to each of the wedges (32), and the wedge (32) on the second guide member (16) side causes the first guide member (14) side to A sliding device characterized in that one roller member (28) is pressed against the inward side surface (14c) of the first guide member (14) serving as a reference surface.   9. The sliding device according to claim 8, wherein the second roller member (30) is constituted by a linear roller guide.   The frictional resistance between the side surfaces of the first and second guide members (14, 16) and the side surface of the table (21) opposite to the first and second guide members (14, 16) The sliding device according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the sliding device is smaller than a frictional resistance between the lower surface of 21).   An auxiliary pressing member (341, 342) for pressing the table (21) in the horizontal direction against the first and second guide members (14, 16) is provided, and the pressing force of the auxiliary pressing member (341, 342) The sliding device according to claim 10, wherein the pressure is smaller than the pressing force of the pressing member (32).   The sliding device according to claim 11, wherein the auxiliary pressing member (341) is made of wedges.   A plurality of first linear guides (28) are provided between another side surface of the table (21) and the side surfaces of the first and second guide members (16, 14) facing the second side member (30). The sliding device according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the sliding device includes a plurality of second linear guides.

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