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JP4314542B2 - Waste plastic processing method - Google Patents
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JP4314542B2 - Waste plastic processing method - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4314542B2
JP4314542B2 JP30175199A JP30175199A JP4314542B2 JP 4314542 B2 JP4314542 B2 JP 4314542B2 JP 30175199 A JP30175199 A JP 30175199A JP 30175199 A JP30175199 A JP 30175199A JP 4314542 B2 JP4314542 B2 JP 4314542B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
waste plastic
decomposition product
gallium
recovered
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JP30175199A
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JP2001123006A (en
Inventor
芳夫 上道
明己 菖蒲
正皓 伊東
統夫 綾部
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IHI Corp
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IHI Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、都市ゴミ等の廃棄物に含まれるポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等の廃プラスチックを処理する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、都市ゴミ等の廃棄物に含まれるポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系等の廃プラスチックを再利用する試みとしては、廃プラスチックを加熱処理により熱分解させ、燃料や化学原料などとして有用な処理物を得る方法がある。
【0003】
ところで、近年、幅広い利用が期待されている燃料電池システムでは、水素(H2)含有ガスと、空気などの酸素(O2)含有ガスとを用いて発電が行われる。また、石油系炭化水素の改質や石油脱硫にも水素ガス(H2)が用いられている。このように、多くの分野で水素(H2)が必要とされているが、水素の製造コストが高く、低コスト化が要望されていた。
このため、安価な廃プラスチックを原料として水素(H2)を製造することが検討されているが、水素収率が低いため製造コストの面で問題があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、水素を低コストで得ることができる廃プラスチックの処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題は、溶融した廃プラスチックを、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒の存在下で加熱分解させ、得られた分解生成物から水素を回収し、前記ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒は、xMI O・yGa・zSiO・nH(M:NaまたはK)をイオン交換によりH型にしたものである廃プラスチック処理方法によって解決することができる。
分解生成物から水素を回収するにあたっては、分解生成物中の高沸点成分を凝縮または凝固させ、凝縮または凝固しなかった成分を回収する深冷分離法を用いることができる。
また分解生成物中の高分子量成分を吸着する吸着剤を用い、分解生成物を該吸着剤に接触させ、この吸着剤に吸着されなかった非吸着成分を回収する方法を用いることもできる。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は、本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法の一実施形態を実施するために好適に用いられる廃プラスチック処理装置を示すもので、ここに示す処理装置は、廃プラスチックを溶融させる溶融槽1と、溶融槽1から供給された廃プラスチック溶融物を熱分解させる反応炉2と、反応炉2内において生成した熱分解生成物の一部を捕集するコールドトラップ3から概略構成されている。
溶融槽1および反応炉2は、これらの内部を加熱するヒータ4、5を備えている。
また、溶融槽1および反応炉2には、これらの内部にヘリウムガスなどの不活性ガスを導入する導入管6、7が接続されている。
【0007】
反応炉2は、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒を充填した触媒層8を備えている。
この触媒としては、ガリウム珪酸塩(ガロ珪酸塩ともいう。例えばxMI 2O・yGa23・zSiO2・nH2O(M:Na、K等)をイオン交換によりH型にしたもの、すなわちH型ガリウム珪酸塩)や、Ga−HZSM−5等を用いることができる。
この触媒としては、特にプラスチック分解効率の点からH型ガリウム珪酸塩を用いるのが好ましい。
触媒としては、ガリウム含有珪酸塩を、平均粒径が例えば0.2〜5mmの粒状に成形したものを用いるのが好ましい。
【0008】
コールドトラップ3は、反応炉2内で生成した熱分解生成物を導く管路9と、この管路9内を冷却する液体窒素などの冷媒を貯留する冷媒槽10を備え、この冷媒によって管路9内の分解生成物を冷却し、その一部を凝縮または凝固させることができるようになっている。
【0009】
以下、上記処理装置を用いた場合を例として、本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法の一実施形態を説明する。
本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法の対象となる廃棄物としては、都市ごみ、産業廃棄物等に由来する廃プラスチック、例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン等のポリオレフィン系プラスチックを主成分とするものを挙げることができる。
【0010】
本実施形態の処理方法では、まず、適度の粒径に粉砕した廃プラスチックを溶融槽1内に収容し、この廃プラスチックをヒータ4を用いて好ましくは200〜350℃に加熱し、溶融させる。
この際、予めヘリウムガスなどの不活性ガスを導入管6を通して溶融槽1内に導入しておき、不活性ガス雰囲気下で上記廃プラスチックを溶融させるのが好ましい。
【0011】
次いで、溶融槽1内にさらに不活性ガスを導入し槽内の圧力を高め、溶融プラスチックを管路11を通して反応炉2内に押し出し、触媒層8内のガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒に接触させる。
溶融プラスチックを反応炉2内に供給する速度は、3〜15gプラスチック/g触媒・hrとする、すなわちTime Factor(=W/F、W:触媒量、F:プラスチック供給速度)が4〜20g触媒・min/gプラスチックとなるように設定するのが好ましい。
【0012】
溶融プラスチックを上記触媒に接触させる際には、ヒータ5を用いて反応炉2内の溶融プラスチックを、好ましくは375〜550℃、さらに好ましくは500〜550℃となるよう加熱する。
この温度が375℃未満であると、廃プラスチックの熱分解が不十分となり後述する分解生成物中の水素含有率が低下し、550℃を越えると廃プラスチックの熱分解が過剰となり分解生成物中の水素含有率が低下するため好ましくない。
また、反応炉2内には、予め窒素、ヘリウムなどの不活性ガスを導入管7を通して反応炉2内に導入しておき、反応炉2内を不活性ガス雰囲気としておくのが好ましい。
【0013】
この加熱処理により、反応炉2内の溶融プラスチックの一部はガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒の存在下で熱分解される。また一部は環化し芳香族炭化水素となる。
これによって、水素(H2)、C1〜C4炭化水素などの常温でガス状となる生成物と、プラスチック原料等の化学原料として有用なベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素などの常温で液状となる生成物が得られる。
ガス状生成物中には、高濃度、例えば50〜70vol%の水素(H2)が含まれる。
【0014】
次いで、反応炉2内で生成した分解生成物を管路9を通してコールドトラップ3に導入し、この生成物の一部を管路9内で冷却し凝縮または凝固させる。
この際、コールドトラップ3は、炭化水素(C1以上)などの高沸点成分が凝縮または凝固し、かつ沸点が低い物質である水素(H2)が凝縮または凝固しない温度、例えば−160℃以下に設定し、生成物中の炭化水素などが捕集され、かつ水素がコールドトラップ3を通過するようにする。
このように、低温下での凝縮または凝固作用を利用して、複数成分からなるガス中の特定成分を分離する方法を深冷分離という。
【0015】
これによって、分解生成物のうち炭化水素成分などの高沸点成分はトラップ3に捕集され、該生成物のうち水素(H2)などは、低沸点であるためトラップ3を通過し、管路9出口において回収される。
回収されるガス中には、高濃度、例えば90mol%以上の水素(H2)が含まれる。
【0016】
トラップ3に捕集された炭化水素には、プラスチック原料等の化学原料として有用なベンゼン、トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素や、燃料ガスなどとして有用なC1〜C4炭化水素が含まれる。
【0017】
上記廃プラスチック処理方法にあっては、廃プラスチック溶融物をガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒の存在下で熱分解させ、分解生成物から水素(H2)を回収するので、高い効率で水素を回収することができる。また安価な廃プラスチックを材料とするため材料コストを低く抑えることができる。従って、低コストでの水素(H2)製造が可能となる。
【0018】
ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒を用いることによって水素(H2)を高収率で回収することができるのは、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒が持つプラスチック分解能と分解物環化能との比率が、上記廃プラスチックを芳香族炭化水素に変化させるために適したものであることから、分解生成物中の鎖状炭化水素がベンゼン環を形成する際に余剰の水素が単体として生成しやすいためであると考えられる。
【0019】
回収された水素含有ガスは、高濃度の水素(H2)を含むものとなるため、燃料電池システム用水素含有ガスとして用いることができる。また石油系炭化水素の改質や石油脱硫などに用いることができる。
【0020】
また、本発明では、水素含有ガスを回収するのに吸着剤を使用することもできる。
図2は、吸着剤を用いた処理装置を示すもので、ここに示す処理装置は、トラップ3に代えて、吸着剤を充填した吸着筒12が設けられている点で図1に示す処理装置と異なる。吸着剤としては分解生成物中の高分子量成分、例えば炭化水素を吸着し、かつ水素(H2)などの低分子量成分を吸着しない吸着剤、例えばモレキュラーシーブスを用いることができる。
この処理装置を用いる場合には、反応炉2からの分解生成物を、吸着筒12を経て管路9出口に導く。
この処理装置では、反応炉2からの分解生成物がこの吸着筒12内で吸着剤に接触し、この際、分解生成物のうち炭化水素成分などは吸着剤に吸着する一方、該生成物のうち水素(H2)などは非吸着成分として吸着筒12を通過し、その結果、高濃度の水素(H2)を含む水素含有ガスが管路9出口において回収される。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下、具体例を示して本発明の効果を明確化する。
(実施例1、2)
以下に示す実施例では、図1に示す処理装置を用いた。触媒層8に充填するガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒としては、H型ガリウム珪酸塩を平均粒径0.8mmの粒状に成形したものを用いた。
【0022】
ポリエチレンからなる廃プラスチックを、図1に示す処理装置の溶融槽1内において窒素ガス雰囲気下で270℃に加熱し溶融させた。
次いで、溶融槽1内の廃プラスチックを、反応炉2内の触媒層8に供給し、窒素ガス雰囲気下で上記触媒に接触させた。
この際、上記Time Factor(W/F)、反応炉2内の温度は表1中に示すとおりとした。
次いで、得られた分解生成物を液体窒素を用いたコールドトラップ3に導き、ここで凝縮または凝固した生成物、およびトラップ3を通過したガスを回収した。
【0023】
(比較例)
触媒層8に充填する触媒として、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒に代えて、ゼオライト系触媒(NEケムキャット社製、H−ZSM−5)を用い、上記実施例で用いたものと同様の廃プラスチックを処理した。
【0024】
上記実施例および比較例において回収された生成物の成分分析結果を表1、2に示す。表1には回収物全体の成分分析結果を示し、表2には常温でガス状となる成分の分析結果を示す。
【0025】
【表1】

Figure 0004314542
【0026】
【表2】
Figure 0004314542
【0027】
また、実施例1、2において管路9出口から回収されたガスは、90mol%以上の水素(H2)を含むものとなったことが確認された。
【0028】
以上の結果より、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒を用いることによって、水素を高い収率で生成させることができ、高濃度の水素を含むガスを回収することができたことがわかる。
【0029】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法にあっては、廃プラスチック溶融物をガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒の存在下で熱分解させ、得られた分解生成物中の水素を回収するので、高い効率で水素を生成させることができる。
従って、低コストでの水素製造が可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法の一実施形態を実施するのに好適に用いられる処理装置を示す概略構成図である。
【図2】 本発明の廃プラスチック処理方法の他の実施形態を実施するのに好適に用いられる処理装置を示す概略構成図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・・溶融槽、2・・・反応炉、3・・・コールドトラップ、8・・・触媒層、12・・・吸着筒[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for treating waste plastic such as polyethylene and polypropylene contained in waste such as municipal waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as an attempt to reuse waste plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene, etc. contained in wastes such as municipal waste, the waste plastics are thermally decomposed by heat treatment, and are useful as fuel and chemical raw materials. There is a way to get it.
[0003]
By the way, in a fuel cell system that is expected to be widely used in recent years, power generation is performed using a hydrogen (H 2 ) -containing gas and an oxygen (O 2 ) -containing gas such as air. Hydrogen gas (H 2 ) is also used for reforming petroleum hydrocarbons and petroleum desulfurization. Thus, hydrogen (H 2 ) is required in many fields, but the production cost of hydrogen is high, and a reduction in cost has been demanded.
For this reason, it has been studied to produce hydrogen (H 2 ) using inexpensive waste plastic as a raw material, but there is a problem in terms of production cost because the hydrogen yield is low.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at providing the processing method of the waste plastic which can obtain hydrogen at low cost.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The problem is that the molten waste plastic is thermally decomposed in the presence of a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, and hydrogen is recovered from the obtained decomposition product. The gallium-containing silicate catalyst is xM I 2 O · yGa 2. This can be solved by a waste plastic treatment method in which O 3 · zSiO 2 · nH 2 O (M: Na or K) is converted to H-type by ion exchange.
In recovering hydrogen from the decomposition product, a cryogenic separation method can be used in which high-boiling components in the decomposition product are condensed or solidified, and components that have not been condensed or solidified are recovered.
It is also possible to use a method in which an adsorbent that adsorbs a high molecular weight component in the decomposition product is used, the decomposition product is brought into contact with the adsorbent, and a non-adsorbed component that has not been adsorbed by the adsorbent is recovered.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a waste plastic processing apparatus suitably used for carrying out an embodiment of the waste plastic processing method of the present invention. The processing apparatus shown here includes a melting tank 1 for melting waste plastic, A reaction furnace 2 for thermally decomposing the waste plastic melt supplied from the melting tank 1 and a cold trap 3 for collecting a part of the pyrolysis product generated in the reaction furnace 2 are roughly constituted.
The melting tank 1 and the reaction furnace 2 are provided with heaters 4 and 5 for heating the inside thereof.
In addition, introduction pipes 6 and 7 for introducing an inert gas such as helium gas are connected to the melting tank 1 and the reaction furnace 2.
[0007]
The reaction furnace 2 includes a catalyst layer 8 filled with a gallium-containing silicate catalyst.
As this catalyst, gallium silicate (also referred to as gallosilicate. For example, xM I 2 O.yGa 2 O 3 .zSiO 2 .nH 2 O (M: Na, K, etc.) converted to H-type by ion exchange, That is, H-type gallium silicate), Ga-HZSM-5, or the like can be used.
As this catalyst, it is preferable to use H-type gallium silicate particularly from the viewpoint of plastic decomposition efficiency.
As the catalyst, it is preferable to use a gallium-containing silicate formed into a granule having an average particle diameter of, for example, 0.2 to 5 mm.
[0008]
The cold trap 3 includes a pipe line 9 that guides the pyrolysis product generated in the reaction furnace 2 and a refrigerant tank 10 that stores a refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen that cools the inside of the pipe line 9. The decomposition product in 9 can be cooled, and a part thereof can be condensed or solidified.
[0009]
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the waste plastic processing method of the present invention will be described by taking the case of using the processing apparatus as an example.
Examples of the waste targeted for the waste plastic treatment method of the present invention include waste plastics derived from municipal waste, industrial waste, and the like, for example, those mainly composed of polyolefin plastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene.
[0010]
In the treatment method of this embodiment, first, waste plastic pulverized to an appropriate particle size is accommodated in the melting tank 1, and this waste plastic is heated to 200 to 350 ° C. using the heater 4 and is melted.
At this time, it is preferable that an inert gas such as helium gas is introduced into the melting tank 1 through the introduction pipe 6 in advance and the waste plastic is melted in an inert gas atmosphere.
[0011]
Next, an inert gas is further introduced into the melting tank 1 to increase the pressure in the tank, and the molten plastic is extruded into the reaction furnace 2 through the pipe 11 to be brought into contact with the gallium-containing silicate catalyst in the catalyst layer 8.
The speed at which the molten plastic is fed into the reactor 2 is 3-15 g plastic / g catalyst · hr, that is, the time factor (= W / F, W: catalyst amount, F: plastic feed rate) is 4-20 g catalyst. -It is preferable to set it to be min / g plastic.
[0012]
When the molten plastic is brought into contact with the catalyst, the heater 5 is used to heat the molten plastic in the reaction furnace 2 to preferably 375 to 550 ° C, more preferably 500 to 550 ° C.
If this temperature is less than 375 ° C., the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic becomes insufficient, and the hydrogen content in the decomposition product described later decreases, and if it exceeds 550 ° C., the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic becomes excessive and in the decomposition product This is not preferable because the hydrogen content is reduced.
In addition, it is preferable that an inert gas such as nitrogen or helium is introduced into the reaction furnace 2 through the introduction pipe 7 in advance and the reaction furnace 2 is set to an inert gas atmosphere.
[0013]
By this heat treatment, a part of the molten plastic in the reaction furnace 2 is thermally decomposed in the presence of the gallium-containing silicate catalyst. Some of them are cyclized to become aromatic hydrocarbons.
As a result, products that are gaseous at normal temperatures such as hydrogen (H 2 ) and C1-C4 hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, and xylene that are useful as chemical raw materials such as plastic raw materials at normal temperatures. A liquid product is obtained.
The gaseous products, high density, include, for example, 50 to 70 vol-% of hydrogen (H 2) is.
[0014]
Next, the decomposition product generated in the reaction furnace 2 is introduced into the cold trap 3 through the pipe 9, and a part of the product is cooled and condensed or solidified in the pipe 9.
At this time, the cold trap 3 is heated to a temperature at which high-boiling components such as hydrocarbons (C1 or higher) condense or solidify and hydrogen (H 2 ), which is a substance having a low boiling point, does not condense or solidify, for example, −160 ° C. or lower. It is set so that hydrocarbons in the product are collected and hydrogen passes through the cold trap 3.
In this way, a method of separating a specific component in a gas composed of a plurality of components by utilizing a condensation or solidification action at a low temperature is called cryogenic separation.
[0015]
As a result, high-boiling components such as hydrocarbon components in the decomposition products are collected in the trap 3, and hydrogen (H 2 ) and the like in the products pass through the trap 3 because of their low boiling point. Collected at 9 outlets.
The recovered gas contains high concentration, for example, 90 mol% or more of hydrogen (H 2 ).
[0016]
The hydrocarbons collected in the trap 3 include aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene useful as chemical raw materials such as plastic raw materials, and C1 to C4 hydrocarbons useful as fuel gas and the like.
[0017]
In the above waste plastic treatment method, the waste plastic melt is thermally decomposed in the presence of a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, and hydrogen (H 2 ) is recovered from the decomposition product, so that hydrogen is recovered with high efficiency. Can do. Moreover, since the waste plastic is used as a material, the material cost can be kept low. Accordingly, it is possible to produce hydrogen (H 2 ) at a low cost.
[0018]
By using a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, hydrogen (H 2 ) can be recovered in a high yield because the ratio of plastic resolution and decomposition product cyclization ability of the gallium-containing silicate catalyst is the above-mentioned waste plastic. This is considered to be because excess hydrocarbon is easily generated as a simple substance when the chain hydrocarbon in the decomposition product forms a benzene ring. .
[0019]
The recovered hydrogen-containing gas contains high-concentration hydrogen (H 2 ) and can therefore be used as a hydrogen-containing gas for a fuel cell system. It can also be used for reforming petroleum hydrocarbons and petroleum desulfurization.
[0020]
In the present invention, an adsorbent can also be used to recover the hydrogen-containing gas.
FIG. 2 shows a processing apparatus using an adsorbent, and the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided with an adsorption cylinder 12 filled with an adsorbent instead of the trap 3. And different. As the adsorbent, it is possible to use an adsorbent such as molecular sieves that adsorbs a high molecular weight component in the decomposition product, such as a hydrocarbon, and does not adsorb a low molecular weight component such as hydrogen (H 2 ).
When this processing apparatus is used, the decomposition product from the reaction furnace 2 is guided to the outlet of the conduit 9 through the adsorption cylinder 12.
In this processing apparatus, the decomposition product from the reaction furnace 2 comes into contact with the adsorbent in the adsorption cylinder 12, and at this time, hydrocarbon components and the like of the decomposition product are adsorbed to the adsorbent, while the product Among them, hydrogen (H 2 ) or the like passes through the adsorption cylinder 12 as a non-adsorbed component, and as a result, a hydrogen-containing gas containing high-concentration hydrogen (H 2 ) is recovered at the outlet of the pipe 9.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples will be shown to clarify the effects of the present invention.
(Examples 1 and 2)
In the following embodiment, the processing apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used. As the gallium-containing silicate catalyst to be filled in the catalyst layer 8, an H-type gallium silicate formed into particles having an average particle diameter of 0.8 mm was used.
[0022]
Waste plastic made of polyethylene was melted by heating to 270 ° C. in a nitrogen gas atmosphere in the melting tank 1 of the processing apparatus shown in FIG.
Next, the waste plastic in the melting tank 1 was supplied to the catalyst layer 8 in the reaction furnace 2 and brought into contact with the catalyst under a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
At this time, the Time Factor (W / F) and the temperature in the reaction furnace 2 were set as shown in Table 1.
Subsequently, the obtained decomposition product was led to a cold trap 3 using liquid nitrogen, where the condensed or solidified product and the gas that passed through the trap 3 were recovered.
[0023]
(Comparative example)
Instead of the gallium-containing silicate catalyst, the catalyst layer 8 is replaced with a zeolitic catalyst (manufactured by NE Chemcat, H-ZSM-5), and the same waste plastic as that used in the above examples is treated. did.
[0024]
Tables 1 and 2 show the component analysis results of the products recovered in the above Examples and Comparative Examples. Table 1 shows the results of component analysis of the entire recovered material, and Table 2 shows the results of analysis of components that are gaseous at room temperature.
[0025]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004314542
[0026]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004314542
[0027]
In Examples 1 and 2, it was confirmed that the gas recovered from the outlet of the conduit 9 contained 90 mol% or more of hydrogen (H 2 ).
[0028]
From the above results, it can be seen that by using a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, hydrogen can be produced in a high yield and a gas containing a high concentration of hydrogen can be recovered.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the waste plastic treatment method of the present invention, the waste plastic melt is thermally decomposed in the presence of a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, and hydrogen in the obtained decomposition product is recovered. Hydrogen can be generated with high efficiency.
Therefore, it is possible to produce hydrogen at a low cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a processing apparatus suitably used for carrying out an embodiment of a waste plastic processing method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a processing apparatus suitably used for carrying out another embodiment of the waste plastic processing method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Melting tank, 2 ... Reactor, 3 ... Cold trap, 8 ... Catalyst layer, 12 ... Adsorption cylinder

Claims (3)

溶融した廃プラスチックを、ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒の存在下で加熱分解させ、得られた分解生成物から水素を回収し、
前記ガリウム含有珪酸塩触媒は、xMI O・yGa・zSiO・nH(M:NaまたはK)をイオン交換によりH型にしたものであることを特徴とする廃プラスチック処理方法。
The molten waste plastic is thermally decomposed in the presence of a gallium-containing silicate catalyst, and hydrogen is recovered from the resulting decomposition product.
The gallium-containing silicate catalyst is xM I 2 O.yGa 2 O 3 .zSiO 2 .nH 2 O (M: Na or K) converted to H-type by ion exchange. Method.
分解生成物から水素を回収するにあたり、分解生成物中の高沸点成分を凝縮または凝固させ、凝縮または凝固しなかった成分を回収する深冷分離法を用いることを特徴とする請求項1記載の廃プラスチック処理方法。2. The method according to claim 1, wherein when recovering hydrogen from the decomposition product, a cryogenic separation method is used in which a high-boiling component in the decomposition product is condensed or solidified, and a component that has not been condensed or solidified is recovered. Waste plastic processing method. 分解生成物から水素を回収するにあたり、分解生成物を、分解生成物中の高分子量成分を吸着する吸着剤に接触させ、非吸着成分を回収することを特徴とする請求項1記載の廃プラスチック処理方法。2. The waste plastic according to claim 1, wherein in recovering hydrogen from the decomposition product, the decomposition product is brought into contact with an adsorbent that adsorbs a high molecular weight component in the decomposition product to recover a non-adsorbed component. Processing method.
JP30175199A 1999-10-22 1999-10-22 Waste plastic processing method Expired - Fee Related JP4314542B2 (en)

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