JP4315091B2 - Non-contact communication system and non-contact communication device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a non-contact communication system and a non-contact communication apparatus in which a non-contact communication device sequentially transmits commands from a host device to a data carrier and performs read / write processing on the data carrier, and in particular, shortens processing time. About things.

  A contactless communication system that reads and writes data on an IC card (data carrier) in a noncontact manner usually includes a host device, a reader / writer (contactless communication device), and an IC card carried by the user. The host device performs all functions necessary for the system and performs data communication with the reader / writer. The reader / writer performs non-contact data communication with an IC card using radio waves (electromagnetic waves).

In Patent Document 1, in an entrance / exit management system, the amount of data communication between the host device and the reader / writer and the communication time are reduced, the burden on the host device is reduced, and the overall processing efficiency is improved. Is described. For this purpose, history information generated by the card entry / exit verification is stored in the reader / writer, and the history information stored in the reader / writer is collected and edited by the entire reader / writer, and registered in the card. It has been proposed to reduce communication between the host device and the reader / writer.
JP 2000-3492 A

  For example, in a station ticket gate system, high-speed processing is required. In response to such high-speed processing requirements, conventionally, the processing operation of the host device and reader / writer has been increased (the operation clock has been increased), the communication speed has been increased, and data compression techniques have been incorporated. Was. However, with this high-speed processing measure, it is necessary to have equipment with high processing capacity that can respond to high-speed processing, and considering that the system is used in various environments, high-speed processing is required. In order to realize the processing, various problems occur, and it is expected that this involves a difficulty that must be solved individually. In addition, the high-speed processing measures described in Patent Document 1 have a problem that an additional reader / writer must be provided, resulting in a high equipment cost. It is difficult to fit.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a contactless communication system capable of shortening the processing time without providing expensive equipment.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a non-contact type data carrier having a storage unit for storing data, a non-contact communication device that performs non-contact data communication with the non-contact type data carrier, and communication with the non-contact communication device. A non-contact communication system including a non-contact data communication between the non-contact data carrier and a non-contact data communication between the non-contact communication device, wherein the high-order device is the non-contact data carrier A contactless communication control means for giving a command for controlling the contactless data communication between the contactless communication apparatus and the contactless communication apparatus, and the contactless communication control means gives the contactless communication apparatus to the contactless communication apparatus. Response prediction means for predicting the response of the non-contact type data carrier to the received command, and response from the non-contact type data carrier predicted by the response prediction means And a next command preparing means for providing the next command prepared via the non-contact communication control means to the non-contact communication device, the non-contact communication device comprising the higher-order device. A transmission control means for converting the command given from the contactless communication control means into a format that can be received by the contactless data carrier, and a reception control means for receiving a response from the contactless data carrier; Selecting one of the next commands given from the host device corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means, and sending it to the contactless data carrier via the transmission control means. Transmission / reception for transmitting and notifying next command selection information indicating what one of the next commands selected is sent to the higher-level device after transmission The non-contact communication control means provided in the host device further receives a new command in accordance with the next command selection information received from the transmission / reception control device provided in the non-contact communication device. The contactless communication system is provided to the contactless communication apparatus.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the non-contact communication apparatus used in the non-contact communication system according to the first aspect, a command given from the non-contact communication control means included in the higher-level apparatus is transmitted to the non-contact type data carrier. A transmission control means that converts the data into a format that can be received, a reception control means that receives a response from the contactless data carrier, and a response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means After selecting one of the next commands given from the host device and transmitting it to the contactless data carrier via the transmission control means, what was one of the next commands selected for the host device? Transmission / reception control means for transmitting and notifying next command selection information indicating the above.

  According to the first and ninth aspects of the invention, a command is transmitted from the non-contact communication device to the non-contact type data carrier, and the non-contact type data carrier executes processing for the command transmitted from the non-contact communication device. In the meantime, it is possible to transmit the next command to be transmitted from the non-contact communication device to the non-contact type data carrier according to the response from the non-contact type data carrier to the non-contact communication device from the host device. When the contactless communication device selects a command corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier, the contactless data carrier has been transmitted after the contactless communication device has transmitted the command to the contactless data carrier. While processing the command, send information identifying the command sent to the contactless data carrier by the contactless communication device to the host device It is possible, it is possible to shorten the processing time.

  In the contactless communication system according to claim 1, as in claim 2, the response predicting means included in the host device is configured to perform the response to the command given to the contactless data carrier by the contactless communication device. Predict both when the response from the contactless data carrier is not normal and when it is normal, and in each case predict the form of multiple responses from the contactless data carrier be able to.

  Further, in the non-contact communication system, as in claim 3, the next command preparation means included in the host device prepares a next command corresponding to each of the plurality of responses predicted by the response prediction means, The plurality of responses predicted by the response prediction unit and the prepared next command can be associated with each other and given to the non-contact communication device via the non-contact communication control unit. In this way, in the non-contact communication apparatus, the next command selection process for the response of the non-contact type data carrier is facilitated.

  Furthermore, in the non-contact communication system, as in claim 4, the next command preparation means included in the host device predicts a case where the response from the non-contact data carrier to the given command is not normal. Thus, at least the number of re-executions of the next command can be added to the next command prepared and provided to the non-contact communication apparatus. In this way, it is possible to solve the problem that the same command is repeatedly transmitted between the non-contact communication apparatus and the non-contact type data carrier and the processing does not proceed.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the non-contact communication system, the transmission / reception control means included in the non-contact communication device is provided by the host device corresponding to the response from the non-contact type data carrier received by the reception control means. When there is no given next command, the response from the non-contact type data carrier received by the reception control unit is transmitted as it is to the host device, and the next command prediction unit provided by the host device includes: A new command corresponding to the unexpected response information notified from the non-contact communication device is prepared as a new next command.

  The invention according to claim 10 is the contactless communication apparatus used in the contactless communication system according to claim 5, wherein the transmission / reception control means is a response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means. When there is no next command given from the higher-level device corresponding to, the response from the non-contact type data carrier received by the reception control means is transmitted as it is to the higher-level device.

  According to the configurations of claims 5 and 10 above, even when the response from the non-contact type data carrier is unexpected and the non-contact communication device cannot cope with the response, the response is processed by the host device. It is possible to prevent the processing from stopping in the middle as much as possible.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the non-contact communication system according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, the non-contact communication device further includes a signal output unit controlled by the transmission / reception control unit, and the host device The next command preparing means comprises the next command corresponding to each of the responses from the non-contact type data carrier predicted by the response predicting means, and the non-contact type data carrier predicted by the response predicting means. A next signal output command for outputting a signal to the signal output means corresponding to each of the responses, and the next command and the next signal output command are sent to the contactless communication device via the contactless communication control means. And the transmission / reception control means included in the non-contact communication device includes the non-contact type data carrier received by the reception control means. One of the next commands corresponding to the answer and one of the next signal output commands are selected, and one of the selected next commands is transmitted to the non-contact type data carrier via the transmission control means, and the selected next signal is selected. One of the output commands is converted into a signal corresponding to the signal output means and output.

  The invention according to claim 11 is the non-contact communication apparatus according to claim 9, further comprising a signal output means controlled by the transmission / reception control means, wherein the reception control means receives the reception control means from the host device. One of the next commands corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier and one of the next signal output commands are selected, and one of the selected next commands is sent to the contactless data via the transmission control means. One of the selected next signal output commands transmitted to the carrier is converted into a signal corresponding to the signal output means and output.

According to the configuration of the sixth and eleventh aspects, for example, the processing result for the command can be notified to the user by a notification means such as a display device or a sounding device.
According to the sixth and eleventh aspects of the present invention, as in the seventh and twelfth aspects of the invention, the signal output means included in the non-contact communication device provides a signal for controlling opening and closing of a door that prohibits or permits passage of a passage. Can be output.
Further, as in the inventions of claims 8 and 13, the signal output means provided in the non-contact communication device controls notification means for informing the state using light or sound provided in the non-contact communication device. A signal may be output.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 6, the non-contact communication system of the present embodiment comprises a reader / writer 1 as a non-contact communication device, a host device 2 of the reader / writer 1, and an IC card 3 as a non-contact type data carrier. Yes. The reader / writer 1 and the host device 2 perform data communication. Data communication in this case may be wired or wireless, and may be either serial communication or parallel communication. In this embodiment, it is assumed that the serial communication is performed by wire and the half duplex communication method is adopted as the communication method. The IC card 3 is carried by the user and has a storage unit for storing data, although not shown. The IC card 3 and the reader / writer 1 perform data communication in a non-contact manner using radio waves (electromagnetic waves).

  FIG. 2 shows the electrical configuration of the host device 2 in function blocks. As shown in FIG. 2, the host device 2 includes a next command preparation unit 4 as a next command preparation unit, a non-contact communication control unit 5 as a non-contact communication control unit, a response prediction unit 6 as a response prediction unit, and a transmission unit 7. A receiving unit 8 and a lower communication unit 9. Among these, the response prediction unit 6 predicts a response (multiple) from the IC card in response to the command given from the reader / writer 1 to the IC card 3.

  The next command preparation unit 4 prepares a command (next command) for each response predicted by the response prediction unit 6. The non-contact communication control unit 5 changes the determination condition for the next command prepared by the next command preparation unit 4 and the response to the next command into a format suitable for the reader / writer 1 and sends the result to the transmission unit 7. The transmission unit 7 modulates the next command and the determination condition given from the non-contact communication control unit 5 and transmits them from the lower communication unit 9 to the reader / writer 1. The receiving unit 8 demodulates the data received from the reader / writer 1 by the lower communication unit 9 and supplies the demodulated data to the non-contact communication control unit 5. Then, the non-contact communication control unit 5 converts the data from the reader / writer 1 into the format of the higher-level device 2, and next command selection information indicating what command the reader / writer 1 has transmitted to the IC card 3 among the data. Is given to the response prediction unit 6. Then, the response prediction unit 6 predicts a response to the command transmitted from the reader / writer 1 to the IC card 3 and gives the predicted response to the next command preparation unit 4.

  FIG. 1 shows the electrical configuration of the reader / writer 1 in functional blocks. As shown in FIG. 1, the reader / writer 1 includes a host communication unit 10 that performs serial data communication with the host device 2 in a wired half duplex communication system, a communication control unit 11 that controls communication with the host device 2, and a storage unit. 12, a data processing control unit 13 as a transmission / reception control unit, and a wireless communication unit 15 that performs data communication with the IC card 3 by radio waves via an antenna 14 are provided.

  The communication control unit 11 includes a reception control unit 16 and a transmission control unit 17. The storage unit 12 includes a command buffer 18 and a condition data buffer 19. Of the two control units 16 and 17 of the communication control unit 11, the reception control unit 16 demodulates the data transmitted from the host device 2, and the data is sent to the command buffer 18 of the storage unit 12 according to the type of data. And stored in one of the condition data buffers 19. Further, the transmission control unit 17 modulates the data created on the data processing control unit 13 side and transmits the data to the higher-level device 2 via the higher-level communication unit 10.

  The data processing control unit 13 includes a command selection unit 20, a command selection information unit 21, a card communication processing unit 22, a card response determination unit 23, and an upper transmission data creation unit 24. The wireless communication unit 15 includes a transmission circuit 25 and a reception circuit 26. The command selection unit 20 of the data processing control unit 13 sends a command to be transmitted to the IC card 3 from the plurality of commands stored in the command buffer 18 based on the command selection information given from the command selection information unit 21. Is sent to the card communication processing unit 22. The card communication processing unit 22 functions as a transmission control unit, changes the command given from the command selection unit 20 into a format compatible with the IC card 3, and sends the command to the transmission circuit 25. Then, the transmission circuit 25 modulates the data provided from the card communication processing unit 22 and transmits it from the antenna 14.

  When the reader / writer 1 communicates with the IC card 3, a power carrier signal is transmitted from the antenna 14, and data to be transmitted to the IC card 3 is superimposed on the carrier signal. The IC card 3 performs a processing operation by obtaining an operating power source from the carrier signal for power transmitted from the reader / writer 1. A data signal transmitted from the IC card 3 is received by the antenna 14 of the reader / writer 1. The data signal received by the antenna 14 is demodulated by the receiving circuit 26 of the wireless communication unit 15. The demodulated received data is given to the card communication processing unit 22.

  The card communication processing unit 22 also functions as a reception control unit, changes the data received from the IC card 3 to the handling format of the reader / writer 1 and sends the data to the card response determination unit 23. The card response determination unit 23 determines the data (response) received from the IC card 3 based on the determination condition stored in the condition data buffer 19. Then, the card response determination unit 23 gives information based on the determination result to the command selection information unit 21 and the upper transmission data creation unit 24. In the upper transmission data creation unit 24, the data given from the card response determination unit 23 is sent to the transmission control unit 17 of the communication control unit 11 with the contents to be transmitted to the upper device 2. The transmission control unit 17 modulates the data provided from the upper transmission data creation unit 24 and transmits the data to the upper device 2.

  In the contactless communication system of the present embodiment, processing to be performed by the IC card 3 is given from the reader / writer 1 as a command. When the IC card 3 processes one command, a response as the processing result is transmitted to the reader / writer 1. Then, the reader / writer 1 determines the response content from the IC card 3 according to the determination condition, and sends the next command corresponding to the determination result to the IC card 3. All of the commands that the reader / writer 1 transmits to the IC card 3 and the determination conditions that are the criteria for determining the response contents are all transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1.

Here, the transmission timing of the command and the determination condition from the conventional host device to the reader / writer is related to the transmission timing of the command from the reader / writer to the IC card and the transmission of the response from the IC card to the reader / writer according to FIG. explain.
That is, when communication between the reader / writer and the IC card is established, first, the first command 1 (initial command 1) is transmitted from the host device to the reader / writer, and the reader / writer transmits the initial command 1 to the IC card. The IC card executes processing for the initial command 1 transmitted from the reader / writer, and transmits the processing result as a response 1 to the reader / writer. The reader / writer transmits the response 1 transmitted from the IC card to the higher-level device.

  The host device determines response 1 based on determination condition 1. In this case, at least two, or three or more determination results are obtained in some cases. For example, when the response 1 is a numerical value “5” and the determination condition 1 is “YES if it is 5 or more, NO if it is less than 5”, there are two determination results. Further, when the determination condition 1 is “plus if 5 is exceeded, equal if 5 or minus if it is less than 5”, there are three determination results. In the following description, for the sake of easy understanding, it is assumed that the determination results are limited to two cases of “YES” and “NO”.

  When the host device determines the response 1 based on the determination condition 1, the host device selects the next command (next command) to be transmitted to the reader / writer according to the determination result. For example, if the command 2 is selected when “YES” and the command 3 is selected when “NO”, the host device transmits the command 2 or the command 3 to the reader / writer according to the determination result. Then, the reader / writer transmits the command 2 or the command 3 transmitted from the host device to the IC card.

  The IC card transmits a response 2 to the command 2 or the command 3 to the reader / writer, and the reader / writer transmits the response 2 to the host device. The host device determines the response 2 based on the determination condition 2 or 3 (the determination condition 2 when the response 2 is for the command 2 and the determination condition 3 when the response 2 is for the command 3), The command 4 or 5 is selected according to the determination result and transmitted to the reader / writer. Then, the reader / writer executes the command 4 or 5 and transmits the result as a response 3 to the reader / writer, and the reader / writer transmits the response 3 to the host device. After that, the host device determines the content of the response 3 with the determination condition, selects the next command according to the determination result, and transmits it to the reader / writer, thereby repeatedly executing the above-described operation. Reading from and writing to the IC card is performed.

  In the conventional read / write configuration, after a command is transmitted from the reader / writer to the IC card, the next command cannot be determined until the host device receives a response to the command and determines the content of the response. Therefore, while the IC card is executing processing for the command, both the host device and the reader / writer are in a standby state, which is a major cause of prolonged processing time in the conventional system.

  On the other hand, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, when the response to the command is determined under the determination condition, the determination result is two (“YES” or “NO”), and in some cases, three or more. However, the following command is uniquely determined for each of a plurality of determination results, and simple determination and processing can be executed by the reader / writer 1 as well. This will be described with reference to the flowchart and the sequence of FIG.

FIG. 3A shows the control content of the communication control unit 11 of the reader / writer 1, and FIG. 3B shows the operation content of the data processing control unit 13. That is, when a new read / write to the IC card 3 is started, the next command preparation unit 4 of the host device 2 determines the first command (first command 1) to be sent to the IC card 3 and the response to the first command. The non-contact communication control unit 5 is given in order the condition 1 and the next commands 2 and 3 for each of the two determination results obtained according to the response contents (corresponding to the response from the IC card 3 in the claims). Then, the non-contact communication control unit 5 transmits the first command 1, the determination condition 1, and the next commands 2 and 3 to the reader / writer 1 via the transmission unit 7 and the lower communication unit 9 in order.
When the first command 1 is transmitted from the host device 2 to the host communication unit 10 of the reader / writer 1, the reception control unit 16 receives and demodulates the first command 1 from the host device 2, and the demodulated first command 1 is sent to the command. The data is stored in the buffer 18 (as described above, “present” in step A1 in FIG. 3A → step A2).

  On the other hand, in the reader / writer 1, when reading / writing to a new IC card 3 is to be started, the card response determination unit 23 of the data processing control unit 13 is informed that reading / writing will be performed on a new IC card. Is given to the command selection information section 21. The command selection unit 20 is in a state of monitoring whether a command is stored in the command buffer 18 (step B1). When the initial command 1 transmitted from the host device 2 as described above is stored in the command buffer 18, the command selection unit 20 immediately reads the initial command 1 from the command buffer 18.

  The command selection unit 20 conforms to the information of the command selection information unit 21 that the command read from the command buffer 18 is the first command 1 and the reading and writing to the IC card 3 is newly started from now on. The first command 1 is sent to the card communication processing unit 22. The card communication processing unit 22 transmits the initial command 1 from the antenna 14 to the IC card 3 via the transmission circuit 25 (step B2).

  The IC card 3 receives the initial command 1 from the reader / writer 1 and starts execution of request processing 1 for the initial command 1. Then, after transmitting the initial command 1, the card communication processing unit 22 waits for a response from the IC card 3 (step B 3).

  When the first time command 1 is stored in the command buffer 18, the reception control unit 16 proceeds to step A <b> 3 for determining whether or not there is next data reception. Since the host apparatus 2 continuously transmits the determination condition data 1 and the commands 2 and 3 in order after the initial buffer 1, the reception control unit 16 immediately stores the initial command 1 in step A 3. The determination condition data 1 determined as “determination condition data” and transmitted after the initial command 1 is stored in the condition data buffer 19 (step A4), and the process returns to the first step A1. Then, the reception control unit 16 immediately determines “Yes” in Step A1, stores the command 2 transmitted following the determination condition data 1 in the command buffer 18 (Step A2), and then Step A3. Immediately after the transition to, it is judged as “present”, and the command 3 transmitted following the command 2 is stored in the command buffer 18 (step A2). Thereafter, the reception control unit 16 waits for reception of data from the higher-level device 2 (step A3).

  When the IC card 3 finishes the response process 1 for the initial command 1, the data of the response 1 as the process result is transmitted to the reader / writer 1. Then, the receiving circuit 26 receives and demodulates the response 1, and gives it to the card communication processing unit 22 (step B3). The card communication processing unit 22 changes the response 1 from the IC card 3 to the handling format of the reader / writer 1 and sends it to the card response determination unit 23 (step B5). Since the determination condition data 1 is stored in the condition data buffer 19 ("Yes" in step B6), the card response determination unit 23 reads the determination condition data 1 and based on the determination condition 1, the IC card The content of the response 1 from 3 is determined, and based on the determination result, any one command is selected from the commands 2 and 3 which are the next commands corresponding to the determination results (responses in claims) ( Step B7).

  When the determination for the response 1 is completed, the card response determination unit 23 clears the used determination condition data 1 stored in the condition data buffer 19 (step B8), and then determines the determination condition from the commands 2 and 3. The command (next command) name selected based on is sent to the upper transmission data creation unit 24 and the command selection information unit 21 (step B9). Then, the upper transmission data creation unit 24 creates notification data (next command selection information for specifying one selected command) indicating what the selected command is, and sends it to the transmission control unit 17 (step B11). The transmission control unit 17 transmits the notification data (next command selection information) from the higher-level communication unit 10 to the higher-level device 2 (step B12).

  The next command selection information from the reader / writer 1 is received by the lower-level communication unit 9 and given to the non-contact communication control unit 5 via the reception unit 8 in the higher-level device 2. The non-contact communication control unit 5 gives the received next command selection information to the response prediction unit 6 and the next command preparation unit 4. Then, the response prediction unit 6 identifies whether the one command transmitted from the reader / writer 1 to the IC card 3 is the command 2 or the command 3 based on the next command selection information, and identifies A result of the response from the IC card 3 determined by the determination condition (response as claimed) is predicted for the command, and the predicted determination result is given to the next command preparation unit 4.

  The next command preparation unit 4 illustrates the determination condition 2 or 3 for the response to the command transmitted to the IC card 3 among the commands 2 and 3 based on the next command selection information given from the non-contact communication control unit 5. The next command (commands 4 and 5 in FIG. 3) corresponding to each of the determination results predicted by the response prediction unit 6 is selected from the memory (not shown) and given to the non-contact communication control unit 5. Then, the non-contact communication control unit 5 has two determinations obtained when the determination condition 2 or 3 given from the next command preparation unit 4 and the response from the IC card 3 are determined based on the determination condition 2 or 3. Commands 4 and 5 for each of the results are sent sequentially and sequentially.

  While transmitting the next command selection information to the host device 2, the command selection unit 20 selects a command selection information unit 21 from the commands (commands 2 and 3 in this case) stored in the command buffer 18. A command having the same name as the selected command name given to is selected ("Yes" in step B1), and transmitted from the antenna 14 to the IC card 3 via the card communication processing unit 22 and the transmission circuit 25 (step B2). And it will be in the state which waits for the response from IC card 3 (step B3).

  When the host device 2 starts transmitting the judgment condition data 2 or 3 and the commands 4 and 5 as described above, after the reception of the commands 2 and 3 is finished, the reception control unit 16 that has been in the reception waiting state in step A3. However, until the response from the IC card 3 is received, the determination condition data 2 is stored in the condition data buffer 19 in the same manner as the above-described determination condition data 1 (“determination condition data” in step A3 → step A4 → Next, the commands 4 and 5 that are continuously transmitted are stored in the command buffer 18 (“Yes” in step A 1 → step A 2 → “command” in step A 3 → step A 2 → step A 3).

  When a response about the command 2 or 3 is transmitted from the IC card 3, the card response determination unit 23 determines the response based on the determination condition 2 or 3 stored in the determination condition buffer 13, One command corresponding to the determination result is selected from the commands 4 and 5 stored in the command buffer 18 (“Yes” in Step B3 → Step B5 → “Yes” in Step B6 → Step B7).

  Thereafter, the judgment condition data 2 or 3 stored in the condition data buffer 19 is erased, the next command selection information indicating the selected command name is transmitted to the host device 2, and the selected command is sent to the IC card 3 (Step B8 → Step B9 → Step B11 → Step B12 → “Yes” in Step B1 → Step B2). Then, as described above, the host device 2 continuously transmits the response determination condition data for the command transmitted to the IC card 3, and the command for each of the responses according to the determination condition. The same operation as described above is repeatedly executed to finish reading and writing to the IC card 3.

  Here, in step B6, when the determination condition data is not stored in the determination condition buffer 13 (corresponding to the case where the next command is not stored), a command corresponding to the response determination result is transmitted to the IC card 3. Therefore, the used command stored in the command buffer 18 is cleared (step B10). Then, the card response determination unit 23 sends unpredicted response information indicating the type of response from the IC card 3 and sends a request to the upper transmission data creation unit 24 to request a command for the next processing, and creates upper transmission data. The unit 24 creates notification data for requesting the next command, and transmits this to the higher-level device 4 via the transmission control unit 17 (step B11 → step B12). The host device 2 that has received this notification data transmits a new command corresponding to the notification data to the reader / writer 1 as the next command based on the unexpected response information.

  The reader / writer 1 waits for a response from the IC card 3 in step B3 when there is no response from the IC card 3 even after a predetermined time has elapsed, or when the response requires exceptional processing. Then, exception processing according to the contents is performed (step B4). Since there should be a determination condition, the process proceeds to step B6 to determine whether there is determination condition data. Depending on the presence or absence of the determination condition, step B10 → step B11 → step B12 or step B17 → step B8 → Step B9 → Step B11 → Step B12 is executed, and the process returns to Step B1.

  As described above, according to this embodiment, when reading / writing from / to the IC card 3 is started, the first command 1, determination condition data 1, commands 2 and 3 are transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1. When the reader / writer 1 receives the initial command 1, the reader / writer 1 transmits the initial command 1 to the IC card 3. Therefore, the reader / writer 1 receives the determination condition data 1 and the commands 2 and 3 sent after the first command 1 while waiting for a response from the IC card 3.

  After the start of reading and writing, the host device 2 selects a command by determining a response from the IC card 3 based on a determination condition, transmits the command to the IC card 3, and displays the next command selection information indicating the selected command as a host. The host device 2 receives the next command selection information from the reader / writer 1 and identifies the command transmitted to the IC card 3 and sends a response according to the determination condition for the command and the determination condition. A command for each of a plurality of determination results when determined is transmitted. Therefore, the reader / writer 1 can receive determination condition data and a plurality of commands while waiting for a response from the IC card 3. Further, the reader / writer 1 selects one command from a plurality of commands based on the determination result for the response from the IC card 3, and selects the selected command name while transmitting it to the host device 2. The sent command can be transmitted to the IC card 3.

  In this way, the reader / writer 1 transmits a command to the IC card 3 while receiving data sent from the host device 2, or determines a response from the IC card 3 and selects the selected command. While being transmitted to the IC card 3 and the IC card 3 is processing the command, the reader / writer 1 can transmit next command selection information indicating the command transmitted to the IC card 3 to the host device 2. In addition, while waiting for a response from the IC card 3, it is possible to receive the determination condition and a plurality of next commands sent from the host device 2, so that the processing time can be shortened.

  Further, the reader / writer 1 makes a determination on the response from the IC card 3, but since this determination itself is a simple process, the processing time becomes long, or the components of the reader / writer 1 are made so high in performance. You don't have to. In this case, the response prediction unit 6 of the host device 2 predicts a plurality of responses to the command, and the next command preparation unit 4 determines the plurality of response types (for example, “less than 1” and “1 or more”) and their respective responses. If the reader / writer 1 is configured to transmit the command to the reader / writer 1 in association with each other, the reader / writer 1 does not need to determine a response based on the determination condition, and can further increase the processing speed.

FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, when the response from the IC card 3 is an unexpected response, that is, it cannot be determined by the determination condition stored in the condition data buffer 19, so the next command is stored in the command stored in the command buffer 18. It is about the processing method when there is no command.
That is, in FIG. 7, the command 4 or 5 is transmitted from the reader / writer 1 to the IC card 3, and the IC card 3 executes the request processing 3 for the command. The case where it transmitted to the reader / writer 1 is shown.

  In this case, the response 11 cannot be determined depending on the determination condition 4 or 5 stored in the condition data buffer 19 of the reader / writer 1. In this case, the card response determination unit 23 of the reader / writer 1 transmits the response 11 transmitted from the IC card 3 as it is to the host device 11 via the host transmission data creation unit 24.

  The next command preparation unit 4 of the host device 11 determines the response 11 of the IC card 3 to prepare the next command 12, and determines the determination condition 13 for the response to the next command 12, and the response content based on the determination condition 13. Commands 14 and 15 for each of the two results obtained in the case are transmitted to the reader / writer 1. Then, the reader / writer 1 transmits the next command 12 to the IC card 3.

The IC card 3 performs a request process 13 based on the command 12 and transmits a response 13 to the reader / writer 1. As described in the first embodiment, the reader / writer 1 determines the response 13 based on the determination condition 13 and transmits the command 14 or the command 15 to the IC card 3 according to the determination content. What the command transmitted to the IC card 3 is is transmitted to the host device 2.
In this way, even when the response from the IC card 3 is unexpected and the reader / writer 1 cannot cope with the response, the response is transmitted to the host device 2 as it is and processed by the host device 2. It is possible to prevent the processing from stopping in the middle as much as possible.

  FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is applied to, for example, a person entrance / exit control system using an RFID tag as a non-contact type data carrier. The difference from the first embodiment is that a command is executed outside the reader / writer 1. For example, an electric lock 27 is provided as means, and a signal conversion unit 28 and a signal output unit 29 as signal output means are provided between the card response determination unit 23 and the electric lock 27.

  In this embodiment, in the host device 3, the response prediction unit 6 sends the next signal output command corresponding to each predicted response in addition to the next command corresponding to each predicted response from the IC card 3. Select and send to reader / writer 1. In the reader / writer 1, when one next command is selected in response to the response from the IC card 3, one next signal output command is selected, and the selected next signal output command is given to the signal conversion unit 29.

  The signal conversion unit 29 converts the next signal output command into a format suitable for the display device 27 and gives the converted signal output command to the signal output unit 29. Then, the signal output unit 29 transmits a next signal output command to the electric lock 27, and the electric lock 27 performs an operation corresponding to the next signal output command, that is, an operation of unlocking or locking the door. Execute.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, and can be expanded or changed as follows.
When the first command 1, the determination condition 1, and the commands 2 and 3 are transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1, the order of transmission is not limited as long as the first command 1 does not end.
When transmitting a determination condition and a plurality of commands from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1, their transmission order does not matter.
When the initial command 1, the determination condition 1, the command 2, and the command 3 are continuously transmitted, the transmission is not limited to the true sequence and may be transmitted with a slight blank time between them. The same applies to determination conditions and when a plurality of commands are transmitted.
When the reader / writer 1 determines the response from the IC card 3 according to the determination condition and selects one command from a plurality of commands, the selected command name is transmitted to the host device 2 and the selected command is transmitted to the IC. Any of the transmissions to the card 3 may be first.

The command received by the reader / writer 1 is stored in the command buffer 18 even after being transmitted to the IC card 3, and the stored command is reused and transmitted to the IC card 3 in response to a command from the host device 2. May be. When commands are stored in this way, the commands stored in the command buffer may be automatically cleared in the order of reception. Further, a command that has not been transmitted to the IC card may be preferentially cleared. A command may be specified and cleared.
It is possible to adopt a configuration in which priorities are assigned to commands transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1 and the commands transmitted later are executed first.
A configuration in which a command transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1 is canceled or replaced can be employed.
In order to forcibly terminate the execution of the command, it is possible to employ a configuration in which all commands stored in the command buffer 18 are cleared.
A configuration in which command transmission to the IC card 3 is interrupted while an unexecuted command is stored in the command buffer 18 can be employed. In this case, it can be configured to resume from the point of interruption.

The data carrier is not limited to an IC card, but may be an RFIC tag.
In step B3 of the flowchart of FIG. 3, if it is determined that the response from the IC card 3 is a timeout or the like (not normal), exception processing is executed (step B4) and the process returns to step B1. When the same command is transmitted to the IC card 3 again in step B1 and next step B2, the number of times the same command is retransmitted to the IC card 3 when the response from the IC card 3 is not normal (re-execution) The number of times) may be limited. This re-execution count can be added to the command and transmitted when the command is transmitted from the host device 2 to the reader / writer 1 (corresponding to claim 4). The case where the response is not normal includes timeout, parity, BCC, CRC error, no response, etc. The response when normal is “YES”, “NO”, “value”, “type” There is a response.
In FIG. 7, the command execution means is not limited to the electric lock 27, but a notification means for displaying each response to the command of the data carrier and notifying a person, for example, a display device or sound for notifying the state by light. A sounding device for informing the state may be used.

1 is a functional block diagram showing an electrical configuration of a reader / writer showing a first embodiment of the present invention. Functional block diagram showing the electrical configuration of the host device Flow chart showing control contents in reader / writer Information exchange sequence between the host device, reader / writer, and IC card A flowchart showing the flow of commands and response processing Block diagram showing system configuration FIG. 4 equivalent view showing a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 equivalent view showing a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 equivalent diagram showing conventional information exchange

Explanation of symbols

In the drawings, 1 is a reader / writer (non-contact communication device), 2 is a host device, 3 is an IC card (non-contact type data carrier), 4 is a next command preparation unit (next command preparation means), and 5 is non-contact communication control. Unit (non-contact communication control unit), 6 is a response prediction unit (response prediction unit), 13 is a data processing control unit (transmission / reception control unit), 22 is a card communication processing unit (transmission control unit, reception control unit), and 23 is It is a card response determination part.

Claims (13)

A non-contact type data carrier having a storage unit for storing data, a non-contact communication device that performs non-contact data communication with the non-contact type data carrier, and the non-contact type data carrier that communicates with the non-contact communication device A non-contact communication system composed of a host device that controls non-contact data communication between the non-contact communication device and
The host device is
Non-contact communication control means for giving a command for controlling the non-contact data communication between the non-contact type data carrier and the non-contact communication device to the non-contact communication device;
Response predicting means for predicting a response of the contactless data carrier to a command given to the contactless communication device by the contactless communication control means;
A next command for preparing a next command corresponding to each of the responses from the contactless data carrier predicted by the response predicting unit and giving the next command prepared through the contactless communication control unit to the contactless communication device Preparation means,
The non-contact communication device is:
Transmission control means for converting the command given from the non-contact communication control means provided in the host device into a format that can be received by the non-contact data carrier,
Reception control means for receiving a response from the contactless data carrier;
Select one of the next commands given from the host device corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means, and transmit to the contactless data carrier via the transmission control means Then, transmission / reception control means for sending and notifying next command selection information indicating what one of the next commands selected to the host device is,
The non-contact communication control means provided in the host device further gives a new command to the non-contact communication device according to the next command selection information received from the transmission / reception control device provided in the non-contact communication device. A non-contact communication system. The contactless communication system according to claim 1,
The response predicting means provided in the host device is:
The response from the non-contact type data carrier to the command given to the non-contact type data carrier by the non-contact communication device is predicted both when the response is normal and normal, and In some cases, a non-contact communication system that predicts a plurality of response forms from the non-contact data carrier. The contactless communication system according to claim 2,
The next command preparation means that the host device comprises:
Preparing a next command corresponding to each of the plurality of responses predicted by the response prediction means;
A non-contact communication system, wherein a plurality of the responses predicted by the response prediction means and the prepared next command are associated with each other and given to the non-contact communication device via the non-contact communication control means. The contactless communication system according to claim 2 or 3,
The next command preparation means that the host device comprises:
At least the number of re-executions of the next command is added to the next command prepared by predicting the case where the response from the contactless data carrier to the given command is not normal. A non-contact communication system characterized by providing. The contactless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The transmission / reception control means provided in the non-contact communication device includes:
When there is no next command given from the host device corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means,
A response from the non-contact data carrier received by the reception control unit is transmitted as it is to the host device,
The next command prediction means included in the host device prepares a new command corresponding to a response from the non-contact type data carrier transmitted from the non-contact communication device as a new next command. Non-contact communication system. The contactless communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The non-contact communication device is:
Furthermore, it comprises signal output means controlled by the transmission / reception control means,
The next command preparation means that the host device comprises:
In addition to the next command corresponding to each response from the non-contact type data carrier predicted by the response prediction unit, the signal corresponding to each response from the non-contact type data carrier predicted by the response prediction unit Preparing a next signal output command for outputting a signal to the output means, giving the next command and the next signal output command to the non-contact communication device via the non-contact communication control means;
The transmission / reception control means provided in the non-contact communication device includes:
One of the next commands corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means and one of the next signal output commands are selected, and one of the selected next commands is sent via the transmission control means. A non-contact communication system, wherein one of the selected next signal output commands is converted into a signal corresponding to the signal output means and output. The contactless communication system according to claim 6.
The non-contact communication system characterized in that the signal output means provided in the non-contact communication device outputs a signal for controlling opening / closing of a door that prohibits or permits passage of a passage. The contactless communication system according to claim 6 or 7,
The signal output means provided in the non-contact communication device outputs a signal for controlling a notification means for informing a state using light or sound provided in the non-contact communication device. Contact communication system. In the non-contact communication apparatus used for the non-contact communication system according to claim 1,
Transmission control means for converting the command given from the non-contact communication control means provided in the host device into a format that can be received by the non-contact data carrier,
Reception control means for receiving a response from the contactless data carrier;
Select one of the next commands given from the host device corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means, and transmit to the contactless data carrier via the transmission control means Then, a non-contact communication device comprising: transmission / reception control means for transmitting and notifying next command selection information indicating what one of the next commands selected to the host device is. The contactless communication device according to claim 9,
The transmission / reception control means includes:
When there is no next command given from the host device corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received by the reception control means,
A non-contact communication apparatus, wherein the response from the non-contact type data carrier received by the reception control means is transmitted as it is to the host apparatus. The contactless communication device according to claim 9 or 10,
Comprising signal output means controlled by the transmission / reception control means;
The transmission / reception control means selects one of the next commands corresponding to the response from the contactless data carrier received from the host device by the reception control means and one of the next signal output commands, and selects the selected next command. Is transmitted to the contactless data carrier via the transmission control means, and one of the selected next signal output commands is converted into a signal corresponding to the signal output means and output. Non-contact communication device. The contactless communication apparatus according to claim 11, wherein
The non-contact communication apparatus, wherein the signal output means outputs a signal for controlling opening and closing of a door that prohibits or permits passage of a passage. The contactless communication device according to claim 11 or 12,
Comprising an informing means for informing the state using light or sound;
The non-contact communication apparatus, wherein the signal output means outputs a signal for controlling the notification means.

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