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JP4318403B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic plate - Google Patents
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JP4318403B2 - Manufacturing method of ceramic plate - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ceramic plate Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4318403B2
JP4318403B2 JP2001061593A JP2001061593A JP4318403B2 JP 4318403 B2 JP4318403 B2 JP 4318403B2 JP 2001061593 A JP2001061593 A JP 2001061593A JP 2001061593 A JP2001061593 A JP 2001061593A JP 4318403 B2 JP4318403 B2 JP 4318403B2
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glass
ceramic plate
plate
weight
ceramic
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JP2002265259A (en
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光雄 山本
晃史 坂本
康二郎 小高
俊裕 吉本
正剛 小野寺
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Nichias Corp
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Nichias Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、亀裂が少なく、耐熱衝撃性が高い低熱膨張性セラミックス板及びその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶ディスプレイやプラズマディスプレイ等の平面ディスプレイは、テレビ受像機やパソコンのディスプレイ等として多く用いられており、該平面ディスプレイは基板上に必要な回路を作り込むことにより作製されている。平面ディスプレイの作製工程中には、基板を加熱炉内等で急熱、急冷等の熱処理をする工程があり、この際、基板は耐熱性の高い棚板、すなわちセッターの上に載置された状態で加熱炉等に装入される。このため、セッターには耐熱性及び急熱急冷に耐えうるように耐熱衝撃性に優れることが必要とされる。さらに、基板、ひいては平面ディスプレイの歪み等を防止するためには、熱に対して寸法変化の少ないこと、すなわち低熱膨張性に優れることも必要とされる。このようなセッターとしては、耐熱性及び低熱膨張性に優れることから、セラミックス板を用いたセラミックスセッターが広く用いられている。
【0003】
また、半導体のウェハーの検査装置は高温条件下や急熱急冷条件下でウェハーの寸法変化等を測定するものであるが、ウェハーを検査装置内にセットする際にも棚板が用いられている。この棚板としては従来は樹脂板が用いられていたが、近年、ウェハーの大型化や急熱急冷条件等の過酷化に伴い、耐熱性や熱変形等の観点からセラミックス板を用いる要望が高まっている。さらに、高電圧、高電流用電力モジュール、サイリスタの基板等としても、耐熱性や熱変形等の観点からセラミックス板を用いる要望がある。
【0004】
セラミックスセッター等に用いられるセラミックス板は、上記のように表面の平坦性が高いことが望まれるため、一般的に製造の際には通常のセラミックス板の製造方法にさらに表面の研磨工程が付加される。すなわち、通常のセラミックス板であれば、ペタライトや木節粘土等からなるセラミックスの原料組成物を混練し、得られた混練物を押し出して例えば真空土練機により円筒状にした後にこの円筒状物を切り開く等することで板状体とし、この板状体を圧延して圧延板とし、これを焼成することにより製造されるが、セラミックスセッター等に用いられるセラミックス板では、一般的に焼成後、表面の凹凸の差が1mm以下の範囲内に収まるようにするためさらに研磨工程に付される。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、平坦化のために焼成板を研磨すると、かえってセッター表面の平坦性が損なわれる場合がある。すなわち、セラミックス板の製造においては、平板状の混練物がローラー等で圧延されて圧延板にされるが、圧延の際に圧延板に圧延ローラーと平行な方向に例えば長さ5〜90mm、幅0.1〜1mm程度の亀裂が発生するため、この亀裂が焼成時の焼結作用でマトリックスが収縮することによりさらに拡大して大きな亀裂となり易い。なお、焼成体の最表面は焼成の際に一部溶融して流動性が高まったり、膨張したりするため、表面近傍に亀裂が生成していても焼結体の最表面層で塞がれて目立たない状態になっているが、平坦化のために研磨すると最表面層が除去されるため深さ1mm程度の亀裂が露出し、かえって表面の平坦性が損なわれることが多い。そして、このように亀裂が露出すると耐熱衝撃性も低下し易いため、この点でも問題となる。
【0006】
特に、近年では、例えば700mm×1200mmといった大面積でしかも厚さの薄い平面ディスプレイが製造されるようになっているため、圧延時の亀裂がますます発生し易い状況にある。すなわち、大型のセラミックス板を得るには平板状物を薄くするために圧延工程を十分に行う必要があることから、亀裂が圧延板に非常に入り易い。さらに、近年、セラミックス板の製造のコストダウンや時間短縮のために、焼成等の際に急熱急冷の条件で製造されることが多く、スポーリングによる亀裂が発生し易い状況にある。なお、表面に亀裂が生成した場合でも焼成物の表面の研磨を過剰に行えば亀裂を除去できるが、過剰な研磨は研磨工程にコストがかかり、さらに原料やエネルギーの有効利用の点でも好ましくない。このように従来の製造方法や組成で作製したセラミックス板では、圧延の際に発生した亀裂がセラミックス板の表面に残存し易く、平坦性や耐熱衝撃性が十分でないという問題があった。
【0007】
なお、耐熱衝撃性については、従来より、セラミックス板の組織が緻密になり、セラミックス板の弾性係数が高くなると熱衝撃に弱くなることが知られている。このため、例えば、先に本願出願人が特願平11−17427号で提案したように、セラミックスセッター中に繊維の焼失痕である空洞を形成すれば、該焼失痕の存在によりセラミックス板の組織が適度に疎になるため耐熱衝撃性は向上する。さらに、該発明は焼失痕を生じさせる原料として繊維を用いるため、混練物としたときに繊維が補強材となり圧延しても圧延板に亀裂が入り難くなる。
【0008】
しかし、上記発明に係るセラミックスセッターでは、焼成で焼失痕を得るためにその原料としてポリプロピレン繊維や炭素繊維等の疎水性繊維を用いていることから、セラミックスマトリックスの原料であるペタライトや粘土等のようにSiO2 やAl2 3 等を含む親水性材料との親和力(アフィニティ)に欠ける。このため、混練物を圧延すると、親和力不足のために疎水性繊維がペタライト等と乖離してしまい、製造条件によっては圧延板、ひいてはセラミックス板に亀裂が生じることがあった。すなわち、混練等の製造条件によって亀裂の発生の有無にばらつきがあり、常に亀裂の発生の防止能力や耐熱衝撃性が十分であるとはいい難かった。
【0009】
従って、本発明の目的は、製造の際に圧延工程を経ても圧延板に亀裂が実質的に発生しないために焼成後のセラミックス板においても亀裂が実質的に存在せず、さらに内部に空洞を含むため、耐熱衝撃性に優れるセラミックス板及びその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる実情において、本発明者らは鋭意検討を行った結果、β−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスの原料、例えば、ペタライト、ジルコン及び粘土からなる混合物に、さらに特定の直径及び長さを有するガラス繊維を特定量配合した混練物を材料とすれば、ガラス繊維とペタライト等の混合物とがよくなじむため圧延工程において圧延板に亀裂が実質上発生せず、また焼成の際に溶融したガラス分がセラミックスマトリクスの流動性を高めて亀裂の発生を抑制し、さらに得られるセラミックス板は内壁がガラスで被覆された空洞を有して低熱膨張性及び耐熱衝撃性に優れることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【0011】
すなわち、本発明は
【0012】
タライト20〜60重量%、ジルコン10〜30重量%及び粘土30〜50重量%からなる混合物100重量部と、直径5〜15μm 、長さ150〜3000μmのガラス繊維0.5〜3重量部とを含む混練物を、圧延し、得られた圧延板を前記ガラス繊維の溶融温度以上に焼成することを特徴とするセラミックス板の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係るセラミックス板は、β−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスからなり、内壁面がガラスで被覆された直径5〜15μm 、長さ150〜3000μm のガラス被覆空洞を0.5〜3容量%含むものである。
【0014】
ここでβ−スポジューメン質セラミックスとはβ−スポジューメン(Li2O-Al2O3-4SiO2)を主として含むセラミックス、またβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスとはβ−ユークリプタイト(Li2O-Al2O3-2SiO2)を主として含むセラミックスを意味する。また、主として含むとは、β−スポジューメン又はβ−ユークリプタイトを、通常70重量%以上、好ましくは80重量%以上含む意味であり、本発明に係るセラミックス板は、β−スポジューメン及びβ−ユークリプタイト以外の成分として、例えば、ジルコンやガラス等を含んでいてもよい。
【0015】
本発明において又はとは、又はで結ばれるいずれか一方又はこれら両方を指す意味で用いる。従って、β−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスとは、β−スポジューメン質セラミックスのみ、β−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスのみ、及びβ−スポジューメン質セラミックスとβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスとの両方との3通りを含む意味で用いる。
【0016】
本発明に係るセラミックス板は、内壁面がガラスで被覆されたガラス被覆空洞を含む。ここで、ガラス被覆空洞とは、空洞の内壁面が実質的にガラスで被覆された空洞を意味し、内壁面の一部が完全に被覆されていなくても全体が略被覆されていればよい。内壁面を被覆するガラスとしては、例えば、Eガラス、Cガラス、Tガラス、ARガラス等が挙げられる。
【0017】
本発明においてガラス被覆空洞の内壁面を被覆するガラス被覆層は、ガラス被覆空洞の回りに存在するβ−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−スポジューメン質セラミックスのマトリックスと明確に分離した層として形成される必要はない。例えば、空洞の内壁面がガラス100%であり、これからマトリックスにかけて漸次ガラス成分が減少すると共にマトリックス成分が増大するようであってもよい。このように、内壁面の組成が漸次移行するようであると、ガラス被覆空洞の内壁面がマトリクスと剥離し易いため好ましい。
【0018】
ガラス被覆空洞は、例えば、ガラス繊維を溶融した後の溶融痕として得られるものであり、通常は繊維形状を有する。該ガラス被覆空洞は直径が、通常5〜15μm 、好ましくは7〜13μm であり、また、ガラス被覆空洞は長さが、通常150〜3000μm 、好ましくは1000〜2000μm である。また、本発明に係るセラミックス板は、ガラス被覆空洞を、通常0.5〜3容量%、好ましくは1〜2容量%含む。ガラス被覆空洞の直径、長さ、含有量が該範囲内であると、得られるセラミックス板の弾性係数が低く、耐熱衝撃性及び断熱性が高くなるため好ましい。なお、本発明に係るセラミックス板は、ガラス被覆空洞以外にも、ガラスで被覆されていない空洞を例えば5〜20容量%含んでいてもよい。
【0019】
上記本発明に係るセラミックス板を、図1を参照してさらに具体的に説明する。図1は、本発明に係るセラミックス板の断面の倍率100倍のSEM写真(電子顕微鏡写真)である。図1中、1は本発明に係るセラミックス板のマトリックスであるβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックス、2はガラス被覆空洞である。図1において、ガラス被覆空洞2は、直径が10〜15μm 程度、長さが少なくとも50μm として観察される。また、ガラス被覆空洞2はマトリックス1との境界部分が白くガラス質になっており、内壁面がガラス質で形成されていることが分かる。さらに、ガラス被覆空洞2の一部には、内部において空洞の径方向を接着する節状部が空洞の長さ方向に断続的に形成されており、ガラス被覆空洞2が原料として配合されたガラス繊維の溶融痕であることを示している。また、ガラス被覆空洞2は図1の断面に沿った方向のみならず断面を横断する方向にも形成されており、ガラス被覆空洞2がセラミックス板内においてランダムな方向に形成されていることが観察される。
【0020】
上記本発明に係るセラミックス板は、例えば本発明に係る製造方法等により得られる。以下、本発明に係るセラミックス板の製造方法について説明する。
【0021】
本発明に係るセラミックス板の製造方法では、原料として、ペタライト、ジルコン、粘土及びガラス繊維を用いる。本発明で用いられるペタライトは、Li2O-Al2O3-8SiO2で表されるテクト珪酸塩である。また、本発明においてペタライトは、粒子性状が粒径の大きいものと小さいものとを併用したものであると好ましい。例えば、ペタライトとして、平均粒径が通常30〜100μm 、好ましくは10〜50μm の粒状物と、平均粒径が通常1.5〜5.0μm 、好ましくは2.0〜3.5μm の微粉状物とを併用すると、粒状物が骨材としてセラミックス板に強度を付与すると共に混練物の圧延時のしわや乾燥時の亀裂の発生を抑制し、一方微粉物がセラミックス板の緻密度を高くして強度を高めるため好ましい。ペタライトの粒状物としては、例えば、平均粒径32μm のペタライト#200や平均粒径70μm のペタライト#52等が挙げられる。また、ペタライトの微粉状物としては、例えば、ペタライト粒状物をボールミル等で粉砕したものが挙げられる。
【0022】
ペタライトが粒状物と微粉状物を併用したものである場合、微粉状物の平均粒径が1.5μm 未満であると混練物の乾燥の際に乾燥収縮による亀裂が生じ易いため好ましくない。また、粒状物の平均粒径が100μm を越えるとセラミックス板の表面の平坦性が悪くなるため好ましくない。ペタライトが粒状物と微粉状物を併用したものである場合、粒状物と微粉状物との配合比率は、粒状物と微粉状物との重量比率が通常30〜70:70〜30、好ましくは40〜60:60〜40である。配合比率が該範囲内にあると、しわや亀裂の抑制とセラミックス板の緻密化とのバランスがよいため好ましい。
【0023】
本発明で用いられるジルコンは、平均粒径が通常1.5〜5.0μm 、好ましくは2.0〜3.5μm である。ジルコンの平均粒径が該範囲内にあると、セラミックス板の緻密度を高めるため好ましい。本発明で用いられる粘土としては、例えば、木節粘土、蛙目粘土等が挙げられる。
【0024】
本発明で用いられるガラス繊維としては、後述の焼成で溶融するガラスによる繊維が用いられ、粘度が107.5 ポアズとなる点を軟化点として、該軟化点が通常700℃以上、好ましくは750℃以上のものが挙げられる。このようなガラスしては、Eガラス、Cガラス、Tガラス、ARガラス等が挙げられる。また、本発明で用いられるガラス繊維の平均繊維径は、通常8〜15μm 、好ましくは10〜13μm である。ガラス繊維の平均繊維径が8μm 未満であると混練物の乾燥時の亀裂の発生を抑制できないため、また15μm を越えると混練物の生地の表面が荒れるため好ましくない。また、本発明で用いられるガラス繊維の平均繊維長は、通常0.15〜3.0mm、好ましくは1.0〜2.0mmである。ガラス繊維の平均繊維長が0.15mm未満であると混練物の乾燥時の亀裂の発生を抑制できないため、また3.0mmを越えると混練時に繊維が絡まってファイバーボールになり易いため好ましくない。
【0025】
本発明に係るセラミックス板の製造方法は、まず、上記ペタライト、ジルコン及び粘土からなる混合物を調製する。混合物の調製方法としては特に限定されず、例えば、ヘンシェルミキサー、ミックスマーラー等を用いて混合すればよい。また、混合物を調製する際には、ペタライト、ジルコン及び粘土の混合する順序は特に限定されない。
【0026】
ペタライトは、混合物中に通常20〜60重量%、好ましくは30〜50重量%含まれる。ペタライトの配合量が20重量%未満であると熱膨張率が大きくなるため好ましくなく、60重量%を越えると可塑性が低下するため好ましくない。また、ペタライトが粒状物と微粉状物とを併用したものである場合、ペタライトの粒状物は、通常10〜30重量%、好ましくは15〜25重量%含まれ、ペタライトの微粉状物は、通常10〜30重量%、好ましくは15〜25重量%含まれる。ペタライトの粒状物及び微粉状物の配合比率が該範囲内にあると、粒状物が骨材としてセラミックス板に強度を付与すると共に混練物の圧延時のしわや乾燥時の亀裂の発生を抑制し、一方微粉物がセラミックス板の緻密度を高くして強度を高めることがバランスよく行われるため好ましい。
【0027】
ジルコンは、混合物中に通常10〜30重量%、好ましくは15〜20重量%含まれる。ジルコンの配合量が10重量%未満であるとセラミックス板の緻密度が低くなりセラミックス板の平坦性が低下するため好ましくなく、30重量%を越えると熱膨張率が大きくなるため好ましくない。
【0028】
粘土は、混合物中に通常30〜50重量、好ましくは35〜40重量%含まれる。粘土の配合量が30重量%未満であると混練物の可塑性が低下してセラミックス板の成形が困難になるため好ましくなく、50重量%を越えると熱膨張係数が大きくなるため好ましくない。
【0029】
次に、上記混合物とガラス繊維とを含む混練物を調製する。混練物は混合物、ガラス繊維及び水、さらに必要により粘結剤を配合して調製する。必要により配合される粘結剤しては、例えば、グリセリン、ポリビニルアルコール、カルボキシメチルセルロース等が挙げられる。混練物は上記混合物に水を加えて混練した時点でもある程度の可塑性を有するが、必要により粘結剤を配合すると混練物に可塑性がより付与されて混練の際にガラス繊維が破損し難くなるため、所望の直径、長さのガラス被覆空洞が得られ易く好ましい。
【0030】
混練物の調製方法としては特に限定されず、例えば、ニーダー、フレットミル等を用いて、混合物、ガラス繊維及び水、さらに必要により粘結剤を混合すればよい。なお、ガラス繊維の添加は水を添加した後でも、水の添加と同時でも、水を添加する前でもよいが、特に水を添加した後とすると、混練の際にガラス繊維が破損し難いため好ましい。
【0031】
混練物中、ガラス繊維は、混合物100重量部に対し、通常0.5〜3重量部、好ましくは1〜2重量部含まれる。ガラス繊維の配合比率が上記よりも少ないとガラス繊維の添加効果が小さく、圧延の際に圧延板に亀裂やしわが形成され易く、さらにガラス被覆空洞が少なくなるため好ましくない。また、ガラス繊維の配合比率が上記よりも多いと、焼成時にガラス繊維の溶融量が多いためにペタライト、ジルコニウム及び粘土からなる素地の流動性が大きくなってセラミックス板が変形し易く、熱膨張率が大きくなって耐スポーリング性が低下し、さらにガラス被覆空洞が多すぎて曲げ強度等が低下するため好ましくない。
【0032】
また、必要により配合される粘結剤は、混練物中、混合物100重量部に対し、通常0.5〜3重量部、好ましくは1〜2重量部含まれる。粘結剤の配合量が該範囲内にあると、混練物に適度な可塑性が付与され、混練の際にガラス繊維等が破砕され難くなると共に圧延後に得られる圧延板に亀裂やしわが生じ難くなるため好ましい。
【0033】
混練物中、水は、混合物100重量部に対し、通常14〜23重量部、好ましくは19〜23重量部含まれる。水の配合比率が上記よりも少ないと混練し難いため好ましくなく、上記よりも多いと混練物の押出成形等がし難く、且つ、乾燥し難くなるため好ましくない。
【0034】
次に、得られた混練物を圧延し圧延板を得る。混練物はそのまま圧延して圧延板としてもよいが、圧延する前に混練物を予め所定形状の板状体としておき、該板状体を圧延するようにすると所定形状の圧延板を得易いため好ましい。混練物を所定形状の板状体とするには、例えば、真空土練押出機を用いて円筒状等の円曲線を有する形状に抜き出し、次にこれに切り込みを入れて展開し板状体に成形する方法が挙げられる。この際、得られた板状体の厚さが、通常30〜50mm、好ましくは35〜45mmとなるようにすることが好ましい。
【0035】
板状体の圧延方法としては、例えば、3〜7本のローラを有する圧延装置を用いて、板状体の厚さよりも間隔の小さいローラ間に板状体を通過させる方法が挙げられる。この際、得られた圧延板の厚さが5〜10mm程度となるようにすることが好ましい。また、圧延工程では圧延後の板状体(圧延板)の厚さが圧延前の板状体の1/3〜1/5となる程度の比率で圧延されると、内部歪みが発生しないため好ましい。
【0036】
なお、上記の混合物の調製から圧延板の成形までの工程は、全て常温下で行う。このため、圧延板中に含まれるガラス繊維は、加熱等で変質することがなく、補強繊維及び親水性フィラーとして機能する。すなわち、ガラス繊維は補強繊維であるため、その物理的形状によりペタライト、粘土及びジルコン等を含む混練物を相互のつなぎとなるため、混練物を板状体に成形する際、及び混練物や板状体を圧延して圧延板を成形する際においても、板状体や圧延板に亀裂やしわが発生し難い。しかも、ガラス繊維は、親水性フィラーとしても機能し、その化学的特性により従来から用いられているポリプロビレン繊維や炭素繊維に比較してペタライト、粘土及びジルコン等に対する親和力(アフィニティ)に格段に優れるため、上記補強繊維としての機能がより発揮されて板状体や圧延板に亀裂やしわが発生し難くなっている。
【0037】
次に、圧延板を前記ガラス繊維の溶融温度以上に焼成する。なお、圧延板は、そのまま焼成してもよいが、適宜、乾燥させた後に焼成することが好ましい。このような乾燥工程を設けることにより、水分を含んだ圧延板の急熱によってセラミックス板に亀裂やしわが発生することを抑制できる。乾燥条件としては、温度が通常100〜300℃、時間が通常1〜4時間である。また、圧延板中の水分を徐々に除去するという点から、上記時間をかけて常温から上記乾燥温度までゆっくりと昇温させることが好ましい。乾燥終了後は、自然放冷してもよいが、この温度を維持したまま続けて焼成を行ってもよい。このように、乾燥後の温度を維持したまま焼成を行うと、被加熱物が冷却されないから焼成効率が高いため好ましい。乾燥装置としては、例えば、ガス炉や電気炉が挙げられるが、これらの炉がさらに遠赤外線加熱や電磁波加熱を併用できるような装置であると乾燥効率が向上するため好ましい。
【0038】
焼成温度は、ガラス繊維が適度に溶融する温度とし、通常800〜1300℃、好ましくは950〜1200℃である。また、焼成時間は、通常4〜8時間である。具体的な焼成条件としては、例えば、4時間かけて室温から1200℃まで昇温させ、その状態を30分間維持し、さらに2時間かけて400℃まで降温させた後、自然冷却する方法が挙げられる。焼成装置としては、上記乾燥装置で用いられるものと同様のものが挙げられる。なお、焼成装置は乾燥装置と同一のものを用いてもよいし、乾燥装置に連設されて乾燥工程が終了すると共に焼成工程を行えるような構造の装置であってもよい。後者の具体的な装置としては、例えば、乾燥エリア、焼成エリア、昇温エリア等に分割された空間を有する装置であって、これらのエリア内を被加熱物が漸次移動しながら必要な加熱や冷却を受けることにより、流れ作業で乾燥処理、焼成処理等が行われるものが挙げられる。このような装置を用いると、作業効率が向上する他、被加熱物が冷却されないようにできるから熱効率が向上するため好ましい。
【0039】
上記焼成を行うと、β−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスからなり、所定のガラス被覆空洞を所定量含むセラミックス板が得られる。なお、該セラミックス板は、必要により適宜表面を研磨すると、表面がより平坦になるため好ましい。本発明に係るセラミックス板は、溶融したガラス成分がβ−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスの粒界等を埋めて緻密な組織となっていると推測され、研磨しても表面が粒界のもろさに起因して荒れてしまうことが少ない。研磨する場合は、セラミックス板の表面を、通常0.5mm以上、好ましくは0.5〜2mm程度研磨すると表面を平坦にするのに十分であるため好ましい。研磨方法としては、例えば、砥石で検索した後に、バフ研磨やセラミックス粉の吹きつけにより研磨する方法等が挙げられる。研磨は、セラミックス板の表面の粗度が、RZ で1.0〜5.0μm 程度となると好ましい。また、得られたセラミックス板は適宜所定寸法に切断することができる。
【0040】
本発明に係るセラミックス板は、密度が通常1.7〜2.4g/cm3 、好ましくは2.2〜2.3g/cm3 である。本発明に係るセラミックス板は、切断、穴開け、あいじゃくり等の機械加工により所定の形状に加工されて、マッフル焼成炉の焼成セッター、焼成ジグ、定盤、建築壁材等に使用される。
【0041】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を示すが、本発明は以下の実施例に限定されて解釈されるものではない。
【0042】
実施例1
表1に示す配合量のペタライト微粉状物、ペタライト粒状物、ジルコン、木節粘土、グリセリン及びガラス繊維と水20重量部とを常温で混合して混練物を得た。次に、この混練物を真空押出機を用いて内径360mm、外径440mm、高さ315mmの円筒形状に押し出し、得られた円筒状物の曲面部を高さ方向に切り込んで展開して1130mm×315mm×40mmの平板状物とし、さらに、圧延ロール4本を用いて圧延して1130mm×1800mm×7mmの板状体を得た。
次に、乾燥エリア、昇温エリア等に分割されると共に被加熱物が各エリア内を漸次移動可能で乾燥から焼成まで連続して行える加熱装置を用い、まず、乾燥工程として、得られた板状体を2.5時間かけて室温20℃から300℃まで昇温して乾燥した後、室温20℃まで自然冷却した。次に、焼成工程として、4時間かけて室温20℃から1150℃まで昇温した後この状態を40分間維持し、さらに2時間かけて400℃まで降温した後に自然冷却した。
上記乾燥及び焼成工程を経て得られた焼成物は、1670mm×1050mm×6.5mmであり、これを切断して1500mm×900mm×6.5mmとした後、表面及び裏面を回転砥石研磨機を用いてそれぞれ1mmずつ研磨して1500mm×900mm×4.5mmのセラミックス板を得た。また、研磨面の粗度はRZ が2.5μm であった。
得られたセラミックス板について、組成、密度、ガラス被覆空洞の大きさ及び含有量、表面亀裂の発生の有無、弾性係数及びスポーリング試験を評価した。評価方法は、以下のとおりである。なお、ガラス被覆空洞の長さは混練後且つ乾燥前ガラス繊維の平均繊維長を測定してこの値とし、ガラス被覆空洞の含有量は添加したガラス繊維の容積から求めた。また、断面を走査型電子顕微鏡で観察したところ、図1に示すような直径10μm 程度、長さ数百μm 程度のガラス被覆空洞が観察された。
面亀裂の発生の有無:研磨面を目視観察し、単位面積当たりの亀裂の存在数について、以下の基準で評価した。
○:研磨面に亀裂なし
△:研磨面10cm2 当たり1〜10個
×:研磨面10cm2 当たり10個を越える
・弾性係数:JISR1601に準拠して求めた。すなわち、まず、試料に3点荷重方式で荷重をゼロから試料が折れるまで徐々に増加させた。この際、横軸に歪み変位、縦軸に荷重値をとり右肩上がりの曲線を得た。次に、該右肩上がりの曲線に含まれる直線部分、すなわち、荷重の増加に対して歪み変位がリニアに変化してゆく領域の直線の傾きを求め、この値を弾性係数とした。
・スポーリング試験:セラミックス板を120mm×40mm×4.5mmに切り出して試験片とし、JISR1601「3点曲げ試験」に準拠して曲げ強さS0 を求めた。次に、同様に作製した試験片を用い、1000℃で1時間加熱処理した直後に20℃の水中に浸漬する操作を1サイクルとして、10サイクル繰り返し、10サイクル後の試験片の曲げ強さS10をS0 と同様にして求めた。
求められたS0 とS10から、以下のようにして10サイクル後の曲げ強さの低下率を求めた。
低下率(%)={(S0 −S10)/S0 }×100
【0043】
【表1】

Figure 0004318403
【0044】
【表2】
Figure 0004318403
【0045】
比較例1及び2
原料の配合を表1のように変えた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、表2に示すセラミックス板を得た。
【0046】
表2の結果から、混練物に繊維を含めたものは、弾性係数が低下すると共にスポーリング試験でも曲げ強度が低下し難いことが分かる。また、繊維のうちでもガラス繊維を含めたものは亀裂が生じ難いことが分かる。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係るセラミックス板はβ−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスからなり、耐熱性、低熱膨張性に優れると共に、亀裂が実質的に存在しないため耐熱衝撃性に優れる。また、本発明に係るセラミックス板はガラス被覆空洞を所定量有するため、弾性係数が低く、耐熱衝撃性及び断熱性が高い。
【0048】
また、本発明に係るセラミックス板の製造方法によれば、ペタライト等の他の原料への親和性に優れるガラス繊維を配合することにより、混練物を圧延してもガラス繊維の繊維形状に基づく物理的な補強効果が効果的に発揮されて混練物の亀裂を防止するため、混練物及びこれを圧延して得られる圧延板に亀裂やしわが生じ難い。このため、圧延を必要とするような大判のセラミックス板でも容易に亀裂やしわがないものを製造できる。さらに、焼成の際にガラス繊維が溶融するため、該ガラス分がβ−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスからなるマトリックスの粒界に含浸して組織を緻密化するため得られるセラミックス板は曲げ強度等の耐スポーリング性が高いと共に、焼成の際に溶融したガラス分が材料の流動性を高めるため得られるセラミックス板は表面が平坦になる。さらに焼成の際に溶融したガラス分はβ−スポジューメン質セラミックス又はβ−ユークリプタイト質セラミックスからなるマトリックスに含浸して内壁面がガラスで被覆されたガラス被覆空洞を溶融痕として形成するため、該ガラス被覆空洞により得られるセラミックス板の弾性係数が低く、耐熱衝撃性及び断熱性が高くなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るセラミックス板の断面における倍率100倍のSEM写真(走査型電子顕微鏡写真)である。
【符号の説明】
1 β−スポジュメン質
2 ガラス被覆空洞[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a low thermal expansion ceramic plate having few cracks and high thermal shock resistance, and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A flat display such as a liquid crystal display or a plasma display is often used as a display of a television receiver or a personal computer, and the flat display is manufactured by forming necessary circuits on a substrate. During the manufacturing process of the flat display, there is a step of heat-treating the substrate in a heating furnace or the like such as rapid heating and rapid cooling. At this time, the substrate was placed on a shelf board having high heat resistance, that is, a setter. It is charged in a heating furnace in the state. For this reason, the setter is required to have excellent thermal shock resistance so that it can withstand heat resistance and rapid heating and quenching. Furthermore, in order to prevent the distortion of the substrate, and hence the flat display, it is also necessary that the dimensional change with respect to heat is small, that is, the low thermal expansion property is excellent. As such a setter, a ceramic setter using a ceramic plate is widely used because of its excellent heat resistance and low thermal expansion.
[0003]
In addition, semiconductor wafer inspection devices measure wafer dimensional changes under high temperature conditions or rapid heating and quenching conditions, but shelves are also used when setting wafers in inspection devices. . Conventionally, a resin plate has been used as the shelf plate. However, in recent years, with the increase in wafer size and the harsh conditions such as rapid heating and quenching, there is an increasing demand for using a ceramic plate from the viewpoint of heat resistance and thermal deformation. ing. Furthermore, there is a demand to use a ceramic plate from the viewpoints of heat resistance, thermal deformation, and the like as a high voltage, high current power module, a thyristor substrate, and the like.
[0004]
Since ceramic plates used for ceramic setters and the like are desired to have high surface flatness as described above, a surface polishing step is generally added to the usual method for producing ceramic plates during production. The That is, if it is a normal ceramic plate, a ceramic raw material composition made of petalite, Kibushi clay or the like is kneaded, and the obtained kneaded product is extruded and made cylindrical by, for example, a vacuum kneader. It is produced by firing a plate-like body, rolling this plate-like body into a rolled plate, and firing this, but in a ceramic plate used for a ceramic setter or the like, generally after firing, Further, it is subjected to a polishing process so that the difference in surface irregularities falls within the range of 1 mm or less.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the fired plate is polished for flattening, the flatness of the setter surface may be impaired. That is, in the production of a ceramic plate, a flat kneaded product is rolled with a roller or the like to form a rolled plate. During rolling, the rolled plate has a length of, for example, 5 to 90 mm and a width in a direction parallel to the rolling roller. Since a crack of about 0.1 to 1 mm is generated, the crack tends to further expand and become a large crack due to shrinkage of the matrix due to the sintering action during firing. Note that the outermost surface of the fired body is partially melted during firing to increase fluidity or expand, so that even if cracks are generated near the surface, the outermost surface layer of the sintered body is blocked. Although it is inconspicuous, when the surface is polished for planarization, the outermost surface layer is removed, so that a crack having a depth of about 1 mm is exposed, and the flatness of the surface is often impaired. And if a crack is exposed in this way, the thermal shock resistance is likely to be lowered, and this is also a problem.
[0006]
In particular, in recent years, flat displays having a large area of, for example, 700 mm × 1200 mm and a small thickness have been manufactured, so that cracks during rolling are more likely to occur. That is, in order to obtain a large ceramic plate, it is necessary to perform a sufficient rolling process in order to make the flat plate thin, so that cracks are very likely to enter the rolled plate. Furthermore, in recent years, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost and shorten the time of manufacturing ceramic plates, they are often manufactured under rapid heating and quenching conditions during firing and the like, and cracking due to spalling is likely to occur. Even if cracks are generated on the surface, cracks can be removed by excessive polishing of the surface of the fired product. However, excessive polishing is costly in the polishing process and is not preferable in terms of effective use of raw materials and energy. . Thus, the ceramic plate produced by the conventional manufacturing method and composition has a problem that cracks generated during rolling tend to remain on the surface of the ceramic plate and the flatness and thermal shock resistance are not sufficient.
[0007]
As for thermal shock resistance, it has been conventionally known that the structure of a ceramic plate becomes dense and the ceramic plate becomes weak against thermal shock when the elastic modulus of the ceramic plate increases. For this reason, for example, as previously proposed in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-17427 by the applicant of the present application, if a cavity that is a burnout mark of a fiber is formed in the ceramic setter, the structure of the ceramic plate is caused by the presence of the burn mark. Is moderately sparse, improving thermal shock resistance. Furthermore, since this invention uses fiber as a raw material that causes burnout marks, the fiber becomes a reinforcing material when it is made into a kneaded product, and it is difficult to crack the rolled plate even when rolled.
[0008]
However, since the ceramic setter according to the invention uses hydrophobic fibers such as polypropylene fibers and carbon fibers as raw materials in order to obtain burnt traces upon firing, such as petalite and clay which are raw materials for ceramic matrices. And SiO2And Al2OThreeLack of affinity (affinity) with hydrophilic materials including the like. For this reason, when the kneaded product is rolled, the hydrophobic fibers are separated from the petalite and the like due to insufficient affinity, and depending on the production conditions, the rolled plate and thus the ceramic plate may be cracked. In other words, the presence or absence of cracks varies depending on the production conditions such as kneading, and it has been difficult to say that the ability to prevent cracks and the thermal shock resistance are always sufficient.
[0009]
Accordingly, the object of the present invention is that cracks do not substantially occur in the rolled plate even after a rolling process during production, so that there is substantially no crack in the fired ceramic plate, and there is a cavity inside. Accordingly, the object is to provide a ceramic plate having excellent thermal shock resistance and a method for producing the same.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Under such circumstances, the present inventors have conducted intensive studies, and as a result, a specific diameter and length were further added to a mixture of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics, for example, petalite, zircon and clay. If a kneaded material containing a certain amount of glass fiber having a certain thickness is used as a material, the glass fiber and the mixture such as petalite will blend well, so there will be virtually no cracks in the rolled plate during the rolling process, and it will melt during firing. Found that the glass component increases the fluidity of the ceramic matrix and suppresses the occurrence of cracks, and further, the obtained ceramic plate has a cavity whose inner wall is coated with glass and has excellent low thermal expansion and thermal shock resistance, The present invention has been completed.
[0011]
  That is, the present invention,
[0012]
  Bae100 parts by weight of a mixture comprising 20 to 60% by weight of talite, 10 to 30% by weight of zircon and 30 to 50% by weight of clay, and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of glass fibers having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm and a length of 150 to 3000 μm. The present invention provides a method for producing a ceramic plate, which comprises rolling the kneaded product and firing the obtained rolled plate to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the glass fiber.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The ceramic plate according to the present invention is made of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics, and has a glass-coated cavity having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm and a length of 150 to 3000 μm whose inner wall surface is coated with glass. Include 3% by volume.
[0014]
Here, β-spodumene ceramics means β-spodumene (Li2O-Al2OThree-4SiO2), And β-eucryptite ceramics include β-eucryptite (Li2O-Al2OThree-2SiO2) Mainly containing ceramics. The term “mainly included” means that β-spodumene or β-eucryptite is usually contained in an amount of 70% by weight or more, preferably 80% by weight or more. The ceramic plate according to the present invention includes β-spodumene and β-eucryptite. As a component other than cryptite, for example, zircon or glass may be included.
[0015]
In the present invention, or is used to mean either one or both of which are connected by or. Therefore, β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics are β-spodumene ceramics only, β-eucryptite ceramics only, and β-spodumene ceramics and β-eucryptite ceramics. It is used in the meaning including three ways of both.
[0016]
The ceramic plate according to the present invention includes a glass-coated cavity whose inner wall surface is coated with glass. Here, the glass-covered cavity means a cavity in which the inner wall surface of the cavity is substantially covered with glass, and the entire inner wall surface may be substantially covered even if it is not completely covered. . Examples of the glass that covers the inner wall surface include E glass, C glass, T glass, AR glass, and the like.
[0017]
In the present invention, the glass coating layer covering the inner wall surface of the glass-coated cavity needs to be formed as a layer that is clearly separated from the β-spodumene ceramic or the matrix of β-spodumene ceramic existing around the glass-coated cavity. Absent. For example, the inner wall surface of the cavity may be 100% glass, and the glass component may gradually decrease and increase in the matrix component from this point toward the matrix. Thus, it is preferable that the composition of the inner wall surface gradually shift because the inner wall surface of the glass-coated cavity is easily peeled off from the matrix.
[0018]
The glass-coated cavity is obtained, for example, as a melt mark after melting glass fibers, and usually has a fiber shape. The glass-coated cavity has a diameter of usually 5 to 15 μm, preferably 7 to 13 μm, and the glass-coated cavity has a length of usually 150 to 3000 μm, preferably 1000 to 2000 μm. Further, the ceramic plate according to the present invention usually contains 0.5 to 3% by volume, preferably 1 to 2% by volume, of a glass-coated cavity. It is preferable that the diameter, length, and content of the glass-coated cavities be within the above ranges because the resulting ceramic plate has a low elastic coefficient and high thermal shock resistance and heat insulation. In addition, the ceramic plate which concerns on this invention may contain 5-20 volume% of cavities which are not coat | covered with glass other than a glass coating | coated cavity, for example.
[0019]
The ceramic plate according to the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph (electron micrograph) of 100 times magnification of a cross section of a ceramic plate according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is β-eucryptite ceramics, which is a matrix of a ceramic plate according to the present invention, and 2 is a glass-coated cavity. In FIG. 1, the glass-coated cavity 2 is observed as having a diameter of about 10-15 μm and a length of at least 50 μm. Further, it can be seen that the glass-coated cavity 2 is white and has a vitreous boundary with the matrix 1 and the inner wall surface is made of vitreous. Further, a part of the glass-coated cavity 2 is formed with intermittently formed node-like portions in the inside of the cavity in the longitudinal direction, and the glass-coated cavity 2 is blended as a raw material. It shows that it is a melt mark of the fiber. Further, the glass-coated cavity 2 is formed not only in the direction along the cross section of FIG. 1 but also in the direction crossing the cross section, and it is observed that the glass-coated cavity 2 is formed in a random direction in the ceramic plate. Is done.
[0020]
The ceramic plate according to the present invention is obtained, for example, by the production method according to the present invention. Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the ceramic board which concerns on this invention is demonstrated.
[0021]
In the method for producing a ceramic plate according to the present invention, petalite, zircon, clay and glass fiber are used as raw materials. The petalite used in the present invention is Li2O-Al2OThree-8SiO2It is a tectonic silicate represented by In the present invention, the petalite is preferably a combination of particles having a large particle size and those having a small particle size. For example, as petalite, a granular material having an average particle diameter of usually 30 to 100 μm, preferably 10 to 50 μm, and a fine powder having an average particle diameter of usually 1.5 to 5.0 μm, preferably 2.0 to 3.5 μm In combination, the granular material gives strength to the ceramic plate as an aggregate and suppresses the generation of wrinkles during rolling of the kneaded product and cracks during drying, while the fine powder increases the density of the ceramic plate. It is preferable for increasing the strength. Examples of the petalite particles include petalite # 200 having an average particle diameter of 32 μm, petalite # 52 having an average particle diameter of 70 μm, and the like. Examples of the fine powder of petalite include those obtained by pulverizing a petalite granule with a ball mill or the like.
[0022]
When the petalite is a combination of a granular material and a fine powder, it is not preferred that the average particle size of the fine powder is less than 1.5 μm because cracks due to drying shrinkage tend to occur when the kneaded product is dried. Further, if the average particle size of the granular material exceeds 100 μm, the flatness of the surface of the ceramic plate is deteriorated, which is not preferable. When petalite is a combination of a granular material and a fine powder, the blending ratio of the granular material and the fine powder is usually 30 to 70:70 to 30, preferably 30 to 70:70 to 30, preferably 40-60: 60-40. It is preferable for the blending ratio to fall within this range because there is a good balance between the suppression of wrinkles and cracks and the densification of the ceramic plate.
[0023]
The zircon used in the present invention has an average particle size of usually 1.5 to 5.0 μm, preferably 2.0 to 3.5 μm. It is preferable that the average particle diameter of zircon is within this range because the density of the ceramic plate is increased. Examples of the clay used in the present invention include Kibushi clay and Sasame clay.
[0024]
As the glass fiber used in the present invention, a fiber made of glass that is melted by firing described later is used, and the viscosity is 107.5With respect to the point at which the poise is formed, the softening point is usually 700 ° C. or higher, preferably 750 ° C. or higher. Examples of such glass include E glass, C glass, T glass, AR glass, and the like. Moreover, the average fiber diameter of the glass fiber used by this invention is 8-15 micrometers normally, Preferably it is 10-13 micrometers. If the average fiber diameter of the glass fiber is less than 8 μm, cracking during drying of the kneaded product cannot be suppressed, and if it exceeds 15 μm, the surface of the kneaded material becomes rough. Moreover, the average fiber length of the glass fiber used by this invention is 0.15-3.0 mm normally, Preferably it is 1.0-2.0 mm. If the average fiber length of the glass fiber is less than 0.15 mm, cracking during drying of the kneaded product cannot be suppressed, and if it exceeds 3.0 mm, the fibers tend to become entangled and become a fiber ball during kneading.
[0025]
In the method for producing a ceramic plate according to the present invention, first, a mixture comprising the petalite, zircon and clay is prepared. It does not specifically limit as a preparation method of a mixture, What is necessary is just to mix using a Henschel mixer, a mix muller, etc., for example. Moreover, when preparing a mixture, the order which mixes a petalite, a zircon, and clay is not specifically limited.
[0026]
Petalite is usually contained in the mixture in an amount of 20 to 60% by weight, preferably 30 to 50% by weight. If the blending amount of petalite is less than 20% by weight, the coefficient of thermal expansion increases, which is not preferable. If it exceeds 60% by weight, the plasticity decreases, which is not preferable. In addition, when petalite is a combination of a granular material and a fine powder, the granular material of petalite is usually contained in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight. It is contained in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight. When the blending ratio of the granular and fine powders of petalite is within this range, the granular material gives strength to the ceramic plate as an aggregate and suppresses the generation of wrinkles during rolling of the kneaded product and cracks during drying. On the other hand, it is preferable that the fine powder increases the density of the ceramic plate to increase the strength in a well-balanced manner.
[0027]
Zircon is usually contained in the mixture in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 20% by weight. If the amount of zircon is less than 10% by weight, it is not preferable because the density of the ceramic plate is lowered and the flatness of the ceramic plate is lowered, and if it exceeds 30% by weight, the coefficient of thermal expansion is increased.
[0028]
The clay is usually contained in the mixture in an amount of 30 to 50% by weight, preferably 35 to 40% by weight. If the blending amount of the clay is less than 30% by weight, the plasticity of the kneaded product is lowered and it becomes difficult to form a ceramic plate, and if it exceeds 50% by weight, the thermal expansion coefficient becomes large.
[0029]
Next, a kneaded mixture containing the mixture and glass fiber is prepared. The kneaded material is prepared by blending a mixture, glass fiber and water, and if necessary, a binder. Examples of the binder to be blended as necessary include glycerin, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and the like. The kneaded product has a certain degree of plasticity even when kneaded with water added to the above mixture. However, if necessary, if a binder is added, the kneaded product is given more plasticity and the glass fiber is less likely to be broken during kneading. A glass-coated cavity having a desired diameter and length is preferable because it is easy to obtain.
[0030]
The method for preparing the kneaded product is not particularly limited, and for example, a kneader, a fret mill or the like may be used to mix the mixture, glass fiber and water, and if necessary, a binder. The glass fiber may be added after adding water, at the same time as adding water, or before adding water, but particularly after adding water, glass fiber is not easily broken during kneading. preferable.
[0031]
In the kneaded product, the glass fiber is usually contained in an amount of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture. When the blending ratio of the glass fibers is less than the above, the effect of adding the glass fibers is small, cracks and wrinkles are easily formed on the rolled sheet during rolling, and the glass-coated cavities are further reduced, which is not preferable. Also, if the glass fiber blending ratio is higher than the above, since the glass fiber has a large amount of melting during firing, the fluidity of the base composed of petalite, zirconium and clay increases, and the ceramic plate is easily deformed, and the thermal expansion coefficient Increases, the spalling resistance is lowered, and the glass-coated cavities are too many to reduce the bending strength.
[0032]
Further, the binder to be blended as necessary is usually contained in an amount of 0.5 to 3 parts by weight, preferably 1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture in the kneaded product. When the blending amount of the binder is within the above range, moderate plasticity is imparted to the kneaded product, and glass fibers and the like are hardly crushed during kneading, and cracks and wrinkles are hardly generated in the rolled plate obtained after rolling. Therefore, it is preferable.
[0033]
In the kneaded product, water is usually contained in 14 to 23 parts by weight, preferably 19 to 23 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the mixture. If the blending ratio of water is less than the above, it is not preferable because kneading is difficult, and if it is more than the above, it is difficult to perform extrusion molding of the kneaded product and it is difficult to dry.
[0034]
Next, the obtained kneaded material is rolled to obtain a rolled plate. The kneaded product may be rolled as it is to obtain a rolled plate. However, if the kneaded product is preliminarily formed into a plate-shaped body before rolling and the plate-shaped body is rolled, it is easy to obtain a rolled plate of a predetermined shape. preferable. In order to make the kneaded material into a plate-like body having a predetermined shape, for example, using a vacuum earth kneader extruder, the kneaded product is extracted into a circular shape such as a cylindrical shape, and then cut into this and developed to form a plate-like body. The method of shaping | molding is mentioned. At this time, the thickness of the obtained plate-like body is preferably 30 to 50 mm, preferably 35 to 45 mm.
[0035]
Examples of the rolling method of the plate-like body include a method of passing the plate-like body between rollers having a smaller interval than the thickness of the plate-like body using a rolling device having 3 to 7 rollers. At this time, the thickness of the obtained rolled sheet is preferably about 5 to 10 mm. Further, in the rolling process, if the plate-like body after rolling (rolled plate) is rolled at a ratio of about 1/3 to 1/5 that of the plate-like body before rolling, internal distortion does not occur. preferable.
[0036]
In addition, all the processes from preparation of said mixture to shaping | molding of a rolled sheet are performed at normal temperature. For this reason, the glass fiber contained in a rolled sheet does not change with heating etc., but functions as a reinforcing fiber and a hydrophilic filler. That is, since glass fiber is a reinforcing fiber, a kneaded product containing petalite, clay, zircon and the like is connected to each other due to its physical shape. Therefore, when the kneaded product is formed into a plate-like body, and the kneaded product or plate Even when a rolled sheet is formed by rolling the sheet, cracks and wrinkles are unlikely to occur in the sheet or rolled sheet. In addition, glass fiber also functions as a hydrophilic filler, and because of its chemical characteristics, it has a much higher affinity for petalite, clay, zircon, etc. than conventional polypropylene fiber and carbon fiber. The function as the reinforcing fiber is more exerted, and cracks and wrinkles are hardly generated in the plate-like body and the rolled plate.
[0037]
Next, the rolled plate is fired to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting temperature of the glass fiber. The rolled plate may be fired as it is, but is preferably fired after being appropriately dried. By providing such a drying step, it is possible to suppress the generation of cracks and wrinkles in the ceramic plate due to rapid heating of the rolled plate containing moisture. As drying conditions, the temperature is usually 100 to 300 ° C., and the time is usually 1 to 4 hours. Moreover, it is preferable to raise the temperature slowly from room temperature to the drying temperature over the above time from the viewpoint of gradually removing moisture in the rolled sheet. After completion of drying, it may be allowed to cool naturally, but baking may be continued while maintaining this temperature. Thus, it is preferable to perform baking while maintaining the temperature after drying because the object to be heated is not cooled, and the baking efficiency is high. Examples of the drying apparatus include a gas furnace and an electric furnace, and it is preferable that these furnaces can further use far infrared heating or electromagnetic wave heating because drying efficiency is improved.
[0038]
The firing temperature is a temperature at which the glass fiber is appropriately melted, and is usually 800 to 1300 ° C, preferably 950 to 1200 ° C. The firing time is usually 4 to 8 hours. Specific firing conditions include, for example, a method in which the temperature is raised from room temperature to 1200 ° C. over 4 hours, the state is maintained for 30 minutes, the temperature is further lowered to 400 ° C. over 2 hours, and then naturally cooled. It is done. As a baking apparatus, the thing similar to what is used with the said drying apparatus is mentioned. Note that the baking apparatus may be the same as the drying apparatus, or may be an apparatus having a structure that can be connected to the drying apparatus to complete the drying process and complete the baking process. As the latter specific apparatus, for example, an apparatus having a space divided into a drying area, a baking area, a temperature raising area, and the like, and necessary heating and moving objects are gradually moved in these areas. By receiving cooling, the thing by which a drying process, a baking process, etc. are performed by flow operation is mentioned. Use of such an apparatus is preferable because the work efficiency is improved and the heated object can be prevented from being cooled, so that the heat efficiency is improved.
[0039]
When the firing is performed, a ceramic plate made of β-spodumene ceramic or β-eucryptite ceramic and including a predetermined amount of a predetermined glass-coated cavity is obtained. In addition, when the surface of the ceramic plate is appropriately polished as necessary, the surface becomes more flat, which is preferable. In the ceramic plate according to the present invention, the molten glass component is presumed to have a dense structure by filling grain boundaries of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics, and the surface remains even after polishing. Less likely to be rough due to the brittleness of grain boundaries. In the case of polishing, it is preferable that the surface of the ceramic plate is usually 0.5 mm or more, preferably about 0.5 to 2 mm, because it is sufficient to flatten the surface. Examples of the polishing method include a method of polishing by buffing or blowing ceramic powder after searching with a grindstone. In the polishing, the roughness of the surface of the ceramic plate is RZIs preferably about 1.0 to 5.0 μm. Moreover, the obtained ceramic board can be appropriately cut into a predetermined dimension.
[0040]
The ceramic plate according to the present invention usually has a density of 1.7 to 2.4 g / cm.Three, Preferably 2.2 to 2.3 g / cmThreeIt is. The ceramic plate according to the present invention is processed into a predetermined shape by machining such as cutting, drilling, punching, etc., and used for a firing setter, firing jig, surface plate, building wall material, etc. of a muffle firing furnace. .
[0041]
【Example】
Examples are shown below, but the present invention is not construed as being limited to the following examples.
[0042]
Example 1
A kneaded product was obtained by mixing petalite fine powder, petalite granule, zircon, kibushi clay, glycerin, glass fiber and 20 parts by weight of water at room temperature with the blending amounts shown in Table 1. Next, this kneaded product was extruded into a cylindrical shape having an inner diameter of 360 mm, an outer diameter of 440 mm, and a height of 315 mm using a vacuum extruder, and the curved portion of the obtained cylindrical product was cut in the height direction and developed to be 1130 mm × A plate-like product having a size of 315 mm × 40 mm was obtained, and further rolling was performed using four rolling rolls to obtain a plate-like body having a size of 1130 mm × 1800 mm × 7 mm.
Next, using a heating device that is divided into a drying area, a temperature raising area, etc. and the object to be heated can move gradually in each area and can be continuously performed from drying to baking, first, as a drying process, the obtained plate The state was heated from room temperature 20 ° C. to 300 ° C. over 2.5 hours and dried, and then naturally cooled to room temperature 20 ° C. Next, as a firing step, the temperature was raised from 20 ° C. to 1150 ° C. over 4 hours, and this state was maintained for 40 minutes, and the temperature was further lowered to 400 ° C. over 2 hours, followed by natural cooling.
The fired product obtained through the drying and firing steps is 1670 mm × 1050 mm × 6.5 mm, and after cutting this to 1500 mm × 900 mm × 6.5 mm, the front and back surfaces were used with a rotating grindstone grinder. Each was polished by 1 mm to obtain a ceramic plate of 1500 mm × 900 mm × 4.5 mm. The roughness of the polished surface is RZWas 2.5 μm.
About the obtained ceramic board, a composition, a density, the magnitude | size and content of a glass coating cavity, the presence or absence of surface crack generation | occurrence | production, an elastic modulus, and a spalling test were evaluated. The evaluation method is as follows. The length of the glass-coated cavity was determined by measuring the average fiber length of the glass fiber after kneading and before drying, and the content of the glass-coated cavity was determined from the volume of the added glass fiber. When the cross section was observed with a scanning electron microscope, a glass-coated cavity having a diameter of about 10 μm and a length of about several hundred μm as shown in FIG. 1 was observed.
tablePresence or absence of occurrence of surface cracks: The polished surface was visually observed, and the number of cracks per unit area was evaluated according to the following criteria.
○: No crack on polished surface
Δ: Polishing surface 10cm21 to 10 per
×: Polishing surface 10cm2Over 10 per
-Elastic modulus: It calculated | required based on JISR1601. That is, first, the load was gradually increased from zero until the sample was broken by the three-point load method. At this time, a strain displacement was plotted on the horizontal axis, and a load value was plotted on the vertical axis to obtain a curve that rises to the right. Next, the slope of the straight line included in the upwardly rising curve, that is, the straight line of the region where the strain displacement changes linearly with increasing load, was obtained, and this value was used as the elastic modulus.
・ Spalling test: A ceramic plate is cut out to 120 mm x 40 mm x 4.5 mm to make a test piece, and bending strength S according to JIS R1601 "3-point bending test"0Asked. Next, using the test piece produced in the same manner, the operation of immersing in water at 20 ° C. immediately after heat treatment at 1000 ° C. for 1 hour is defined as one cycle, repeated 10 cycles, and the bending strength S of the test piece after 10 cycles.TenS0It was obtained in the same manner.
S required0And STenThus, the reduction rate of the bending strength after 10 cycles was determined as follows.
Decrease rate (%) = {(S0-STen) / S0} × 100
[0043]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004318403
[0044]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004318403
[0045]
Comparative Examples 1 and 2
A ceramic plate shown in Table 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the composition of the raw materials was changed as shown in Table 1.
[0046]
From the results shown in Table 2, it can be seen that those containing fibers in the kneaded product have a lower elastic modulus and a lower bending strength even in a spalling test. Moreover, it turns out that a crack including glass fiber is hard to produce among fibers.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
The ceramic plate according to the present invention is made of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics, and is excellent in heat resistance and low thermal expansion, and is excellent in thermal shock resistance because cracks are not substantially present. Moreover, since the ceramic plate according to the present invention has a predetermined amount of glass-coated cavities, the elastic modulus is low, and the thermal shock resistance and heat insulation are high.
[0048]
Further, according to the method for manufacturing a ceramic plate according to the present invention, by blending glass fibers having excellent affinity for other raw materials such as petalite, the physical properties based on the fiber shape of the glass fibers even when the kneaded product is rolled. Therefore, cracks and wrinkles are less likely to occur in the kneaded material and the rolled plate obtained by rolling the kneaded material. For this reason, even large-sized ceramic plates that require rolling can be easily manufactured without cracks or wrinkles. Furthermore, since the glass fiber melts during firing, the glass is impregnated into the grain boundary of the matrix made of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics, and the ceramic plate obtained to densify the structure Has high spalling resistance such as bending strength and the surface of a ceramic plate obtained because the glass component melted during firing enhances the fluidity of the material. Further, the glass component melted during firing is impregnated into a matrix made of β-spodumene ceramics or β-eucryptite ceramics to form a glass-coated cavity whose inner wall surface is coated with glass as melting marks. The elastic modulus of the ceramic plate obtained by the glass-coated cavity is low, and the thermal shock resistance and heat insulation are high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph (scanning electron micrograph) at a magnification of 100 in a cross section of a ceramic plate according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 β-spodumene
2 Glass-coated cavity

Claims (1)

ペタライト20〜60重量%、ジルコン10〜30重量%及び粘土30〜50重量%からなる混合物100重量部と、直径5〜15μm 、長さ150〜3000μmのガラス繊維0.5〜3重量部とを含む混練物を、圧延し、得られた圧延板を前記ガラス繊維の溶融温度以上に焼成することを特徴とするセラミックス板の製造方法。  100 parts by weight of a mixture comprising 20 to 60% by weight of petalite, 10 to 30% by weight of zircon and 30 to 50% by weight of clay, and 0.5 to 3 parts by weight of glass fibers having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm and a length of 150 to 3000 μm. A method for producing a ceramic plate, comprising rolling the kneaded material containing the product, and firing the obtained rolled plate to a temperature equal to or higher than a melting temperature of the glass fiber.
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