JP4319780B2 - Formwork apparatus and structure continuous construction method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a formwork apparatus and a continuous construction method for a structure, and more particularly to a formwork apparatus and a continuous construction method for a structure in which a support is continuously moved by a standing formwork method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Generally, the construction procedure of a concrete structure repeats a cycle of rebar assembly, formwork assembly, concrete placement, concrete curing, and formwork demolding.
A sliding form method (slip form method) is well known as a method for continuously performing construction work of this type of concrete structure. The sliding formwork method is to move the formwork sequentially by driving a jack or the like while placing concrete in the formwork.
For this reason, the concrete structure can be constructed continuously in the upward or horizontal direction, which is extremely convenient particularly when high-speed construction is required, such as when the concrete structure must be constructed in a short period of time.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
However, the above-described conventional sliding mold method has the following problems.
<I> The concrete slips and moves with the concrete surface in contact with the concrete surface during curing where the concrete is not sufficiently strong. For this reason, defects in the quality of the surface layer of the concrete are likely to occur, such as scratches on the concrete surface or cracks.
<B> In a state where the mold is in contact with the entire surface of the concrete, the mold is moved while cutting off the adhesion to the concrete, so that the sliding resistance becomes very large. Therefore, the entire apparatus, such as using a jack with a large capacity, has become large.
<C> When a separator is not used, it is necessary to firmly support the mold so as to resist a large concrete pressure, and it is necessary to increase the rigidity of the entire support work. As a result, the support equipment becomes larger and heavier, the burden of handling, assembly, etc. increases, and the workability is extremely poor.
[0004]
[Object of the present invention]
The present invention was conceived in view of the conventional problems as described above, and was designed to reduce the weight of the support work, maintain the quality of the concrete surface layer, and enable high-speed construction of concrete structures. It aims at providing the continuous construction method of an apparatus and a structure.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the formwork apparatus of the present invention includes a formwork arranged to form a wall surface of a concrete structure, an outside of the formwork, and movement with respect to the formwork The mold is composed of a plurality of plates, the plates arranged in the moving direction of the support are connected by a connecting metal fitting, and the support is supported between the mold and the support. A first friction reducing device for reducing frictional resistance during the movement of the work is provided, and a second bolt for reducing friction between the mold clamping bolt connected to the separator laid between the opposing molds and the support An apparatus is provided, and the side pressure of the concrete generated in the mold is received by the separator via the first friction reducing device and the second friction reducing device.
By setting it as the above structure, only a support work can be moved, without moving a formwork.
Moreover, the continuous construction method of the structure of this invention installs the said formwork apparatus, The process of moving only the said support work, without moving the said formwork, According to the movement of the said support work Repetitively performing the step of adding the formwork, the step of laying a separator between the opposing formwork, and the step of removing the formwork after the concrete inside the formwork has hardened, Concrete is placed in the inside surrounded by the formwork.
[0006]
[Embodiments of the Invention]
Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0007]
<A> The entire structural formwork apparatus 1 includes a formwork 2 arranged to form the wall surface 11 of the concrete structure 10 and a support 3 that is outside the formwork 2 and supports it. This is a system in which only the support 3 rises without raising the mold 2 and when the support 3 rises to a predetermined height, the mold 2 is added upward (see FIGS. 1 and 2).
[0008]
<B> Formwork Formwork 2 is composed of a plurality of rectangular plates 21.
The connection of the plates 21 arranged in the moving direction of the support 3 is performed by the connecting bracket 4.
The connection metal fitting 4 uses, for example, a male metal fitting 41 and a female metal fitting 42 like a cover clasp of a school bag, and has a structure in which a spring is built in an arrow of the male metal fitting 41 and the female metal fitting 42 compresses and locks the spring. It can be. A predetermined number of male fittings 41 and female fittings 42 are attached to the top and bottom of the plate 21 (three male fittings 41 and three female fittings 42 in the embodiment) (see FIG. 2).
By disposing another plate 21 from above toward the lower plate 21 already installed, the female fitting 42 of the upper plate 21 can be locked to the male fitting 41 of the lower plate 21. By locking the male metal fitting 41 and the female metal fitting 42, the upper and lower plates 21 can be connected to form the mold 2 in the vertical direction.
In addition, you may attach the male metal fitting 41 and the female metal fitting 42 upside down.
[0009]
The plate 21 has a separator hole 22 at a required location. The separator hole 22 is for attaching the separator 6 between a pair of opposing molds 2 (plates 21 facing each other).
Moreover, the handle 23 can also be attached to a required location so that it can carry by hand on the opposite side (supporting work 3 side) of the concrete placement surface of the plate 21.
[0010]
<C> Support work support work 3 is composed of vertical members 31 and cross members 32.
The vertical member 31 is made of, for example, two steel materials having a U-shaped cross section facing each other and joined with a gap 33 therebetween, a rectangular steel pipe provided with a gap 33 in the longitudinal direction, a lip groove steel, or the like. . This gap 33 makes it possible to easily perform the operation when attaching a mold clamping bolt 62 described later to the cone 61, and at the same time interferes with the mold clamping bolt 62 when the vertical member 31 moves upward. This is so that there is not.
A plurality of cross members 32 made of H-shaped steel or the like are fixed to the outside of the vertical member 31 with a predetermined interval in the horizontal direction.
A support 3 configured by combining the vertical members 31 and the horizontal members 32 is arranged outside the mold 2 and supports the mold 2 via a first friction reduction device 52 described later.
Although not shown, the support 3 is connected to a driving device such as a known hydraulic jack.
[0011]
<D> Friction reduction device A first friction reduction device 51 is provided between the formwork 2 and the support 3.
The first friction reducing device 51 is configured by, for example, attaching a cylindrical roller to a bearing block 53 fixed at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction of the vertical member 31 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction (see FIGS. 2 and 3). .
A second friction reducing device 52 is provided between the support 3 and a mold fastening bolt 62 described later.
The second friction reducing device 52 is configured by, for example, attaching a pair of rollers to a mold fastening bolt 62 with a nut 63 so as to be fastened (see FIG. 3).
The nut 63 is tightened to press the second friction reducing device 52 against the longitudinal member 31, the longitudinal member 31 is sandwiched between the first friction reducing device 51 and the second friction reducing device 52, and the first friction reducing device is further interposed. The device 51 is attached in contact with the mold 2. In addition, it is preferable to clamp | tighten with the mold fastening bolt 62 with a spring so that the unevenness of the mold 2 can be absorbed.
The 1st friction reduction apparatus 51 and the 2nd friction reduction apparatus 52 can reduce the frictional resistance at the time of the raise of the support work 3, and raise the support work 3 smoothly.
For this reason, the support 3 can be raised with a small force, and a raising jack with a small capacity can be used.
[0012]
<E> A large number of separators 6 are installed between the molds 2 facing each other. A cone 61 is screwed to the separator 6 and attached. A mold clamping bolt 62 is inserted from the separator hole 22 of the plate 21 and is screwed to the cone 61 so that the separator 6 is installed between the molds 2. The operation of the mold clamping bolt 62 can be performed using the gap 33 of the longitudinal member 31.
[0013]
<F> Force transmission path The important thing in the present invention is that the side pressure applied to the mold 2 at the time of placing concrete is received by the separator 6 via the support 3, and the support 3 rises in this state. There is to do.
The transmission path of the force until the separator 6 takes over the lateral pressure of the concrete 12 that has been placed is as follows.
The lateral pressure generated by the concrete placement is transmitted as a compressive force to the mold 2 and is transmitted as a compressive force to the longitudinal member 31 via the first friction reducing device 51. The compressive force of the longitudinal member 31 becomes the tensile force of the mold clamping bolt 62 via the second friction reducing device 52 and gives the separator 6 a tensile force.
When the support 3 is raised, since the gap 33 is provided in the vertical member 31 as described above, the support 3 is raised without interfering with the formwork fastening bolt 62.
As a result, the side pressure applied to the mold 2 at the time of placing the concrete is received by the separator 6 via the support 3 and the support 3 can be raised in this state.
Further, since the separator 6 takes charge of the lateral pressure of the placed concrete 12, the force applied to the mold 2 is reduced, it is not necessary to support the mold 2 firmly, and therefore the support 3 is not enlarged. The weight of the support 3 can be reduced.
[0014]
Next, the continuous construction method of the concrete structure using the above formwork apparatus 1 is demonstrated with reference to FIGS.
[0015]
<I> Reinforcement assembly (Fig. 4)
First, FIG. 4 shows a state where the concrete 12 has already been placed in the mold 2 and is being cured. The lower concrete 13 is sufficiently cured and hardened, exhibits a required strength, and constitutes a part of the concrete structure 10.
Reinforcing bars 7 protrude above the concrete 12.
Until the concrete 12 is cured, the rebar 7 is assembled above the concrete 12. That is, the reinforcing bars 7 projecting from the concrete 12 are further subjected to the joining of the longitudinal bars and the arranging of the horizontal bars.
[0016]
<B> Addition of formwork (Fig. 5)
Next, a new mold 2 is added and arranged on the concrete placing surface side of the mold apparatus 1. That is, a new formwork 2 is added to the place where the rebar 7 is assembled.
The handle 21 is grasped and the plate 21 is inserted from above toward the mold 2 installed below. At this time, the female fitting 42 of the plate 21 is inserted toward the male fitting 41 of the mold 2 so that the female fitting 42 compresses and locks the spring in the arrow of the male fitting 41.
In order to form the wall surface 11 of the concrete structure 10, the plate 21 is sequentially inserted and a new formwork 2 is arranged above the formwork 2 installed below.
In this way, the new formwork 2 is connected and fixed by the connecting fitting 4 (male fitting 41, female fitting 42) at the location where the reinforcing bar 7 is added.
[0017]
<C> Installation of separator (Fig. 5)
A separator 6 is erected between the opposing molds 2 (added new molds 2).
A separator 6 is disposed between the opposing molds 2, and a cone 61 is screwed to the separator 6 and attached, and a mold clamping bolt 62 is screwed to the cone 61. The nut 63 is screwed to sandwich the vertical member 31 between the first friction reducing devices 51 and 52, the first friction reducing device 51 is brought into contact with the mold 2, and the separator 6 is installed.
As a result, the fixed new formwork 2 is positioned and fixed so as to be held at a constant interval by the separator 6, and the next concrete placement preparation state is obtained.
[0018]
<D> Placing concrete (Figure 6)
Concrete 14 is placed in the placement space surrounded by the new formwork 2 that has been added. The concrete structure 10 is constructed upward by placing concrete 14 on the hardened concrete 12.
Since the space between the molds 2 is supported by the separator 6 and positioned and fixed so as to be held at a constant interval, the separator 6 can take on the lateral pressure of the placed concrete 12.
[0019]
<E> Ascending support work 3 Since the first friction reduction device 51 and the second friction reduction device 52 are interposed between the support work 3 and the mold 2, the support work 3 is attached to the mold 2. Slip, and only the support 3 rises smoothly.
Although the raising means of the support 3 is not shown, it can take a reaction force against a rod embedded in concrete and ascend with a jack.
In addition to the above, as a lifting means of the support 3, there is a known method such as a method in which a bracket is erected above the structure and pulled up to the reaction force, or a rod is installed outside and the force is pushed up to the reaction force. Either method can be adopted.
[0020]
Since the present invention is a method in which only the support 3 is raised without raising the mold 2, it is necessary to prevent the mold 2 from being raised together.
The force acting on the formwork 2 is
(1) upward force acting on the mold 2 = tension of the separator 6 due to the concrete side pressure x coefficient of friction of the roller
(2) Downward force acting on the mold 2 = Mold 2 self-weight + Downward force due to adhesion of concrete + Rising reaction force after hardening of the concrete by the separator 6
When there is little downward force by concrete, there is a possibility that the formwork 2 rises together.
In the present invention, the connecting metal fitting 4 is attached to the mold 2, and the upper mold 2 and the lower mold 2 are connected and fixed one after another to increase the weight of the mold 2 and prevent the mold 2 from rising together. ing.
[0021]
<F> Removing the formwork (Figure 6)
The formwork 2 is removed from the portion of the lower concrete 13 that is cured and exhibits the required strength.
First, the mold clamping bolt 62 is removed. Since the support 3 has already risen, the mold 2, the cone 61 and the separator 6 can be pulled out in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the wall surface 11.
Thus, the removal of the mold 2 is performed from the concrete 13 that has been cured and exhibits the required strength, so that the quality of the concrete can be sufficiently ensured.
The removed mold 2, cone 61 and separator 6 can be diverted to the upper part. In this case, operations such as cleansing and applying a brushing agent are possible without affecting the process, and the concrete surface can be finished cleanly.
[0022]
In the following, one after another, rebar 7 assembly, support 3 ascending, formwork 2 addition, separator 6 installation, separator 6 removal and formwork 2 removal are repeated, and concrete is sequentially placed inside the formwork 2. Thus, the concrete structure 10 can be continuously constructed.
In the present invention, the support work 3 can always be raised (continuously raised).
Further, the present invention can be used not only for a concrete structure extending in the vertical direction such as a pier but also for a concrete structure extending in a horizontal direction such as a water channel.
[0023]
[Effect of the present invention]
Since the formwork apparatus and the continuous construction method of the present invention are as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
<I> Since the friction reducing device is interposed between the support and the mold, the support moves smoothly with respect to the mold. Accordingly, the entire apparatus can be reduced in weight, for example, using a small capacity jack.
<B> In addition to the above-described friction reducing device, a plurality of plates are connected by connecting metal fittings to form a mold, so that the mold does not move even if the support works. Therefore, since the mold does not slip on the concrete surface, there is no adverse effect on the concrete quality due to the slip.
<C> Since the side pressure applied to the formwork at the time of placing the concrete is received by the separator via the support, high-stiffness support is not required, and the support can be reduced in weight.
<D> Since the formwork can be removed after the concrete is sufficiently cured, the quality of the concrete can be sufficiently secured. In addition, when the removed formwork is diverted to the upper part, operations such as cleansing of the kelen and application of the peeling agent can be performed without affecting the process.
<E> It was possible to place concrete continuously, enabling continuous construction of concrete structures.
<F> Since there is no demolding process of the formwork and there is no seam treatment process compared to the batch type concrete placing system, continuous concrete placement can be performed and high speed construction is possible.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a mold apparatus.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a mold apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a plan view of a mold apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a construction procedure of a concrete structure.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Formwork apparatus 2 ... Formwork 21 ... Plate 3 ... Supporting work 4 ... Connection metal fitting 51 ... 1st friction reduction apparatus 52 ... 2nd friction reduction apparatus 6 ... Separator 10 ... Concrete structure 12, 13, 14 ... Concrete

Claims (2)

A formwork placed to form the wall of the concrete structure;
A support that is arranged outside the formwork and moves relative to the formwork,
The mold is composed of a plurality of plates,
Connecting the plates lined up in the moving direction of the support with a connecting bracket,
A first friction reduction device is provided between the mold and the support to reduce frictional resistance when the support is moved,
The mold clamping bolt connected to the separator laid between the opposing molds is provided with a second friction reducing device between the support work and
A formwork apparatus characterized in that a side pressure of concrete generated in the formwork is received by the separator via the first friction reduction apparatus and the second friction reduction apparatus. Installing the formwork device according to claim 1;
Without moving the mold, moving only the support,
Adding the formwork according to the movement of the support;
Constructing a separator between the joined formwork facing each other;
After the concrete inside the mold is cured, the process of removing the mold is repeated,
A method for continuously constructing a structure, in which concrete is successively placed inside the mold frame.

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