JP4330090B2 - Steel reclining seat gear - Google Patents
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- JP4330090B2 JP4330090B2 JP06949699A JP6949699A JP4330090B2 JP 4330090 B2 JP4330090 B2 JP 4330090B2 JP 06949699 A JP06949699 A JP 06949699A JP 6949699 A JP6949699 A JP 6949699A JP 4330090 B2 JP4330090 B2 JP 4330090B2
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、耐久性,安全性に優れ、靭性が高い車輌用鋼製リクライニングシートギアに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
車輌用リクライニングシートギアは、JIS G4051に規定されている機械構造用炭素鋼鋼材S15C,S45CやJIS G4105に規定されているクロムモリブデン鋼SCM415等を素材とし、熱処理を伴ったブローチ切削加工で製造している。ブローチ切削加工によりギア歯を成形した後、C含有量が比較的低いS15C,SCM415では浸炭熱処理を施して製品化し、S45Cでは焼入れ・焼戻し処理を施して製品化している。
ブローチ切削加工では製造コストが高くつくため、最近では、リクライニングシートギアをプレスによる精密打抜き加工で成形した後、焼入れ・焼戻しによって製造することが検討されている。具体的には、精密打抜き加工の途中でポンチを停止させる半打抜きの状態で加工を終了する方法が採用されている。打抜き加工された素材は、続く焼入れ・焼戻し処理によって38〜40HRC程度の硬さに調質されている。
【0003】
製造方法の切替えに伴って、加工率の高い(換言すれば、塑性変形量の大きい)加工に耐え、加工しやすく、熱処理性に優れた素材が要求される。たとえば、従来のS20C,SCM415では、C含有量が低いため精密打抜き加工性及び焼入れ・焼戻し後の靭性は良好であるが、焼入れ・焼戻し後の硬さが不足する。他方、S45C,SK5等の鋼種では、焼入れ・焼戻し後の硬さは良好であるが、軟質さ,精密加工打抜き性,焼戻し後の靭性等は必ずしも十分とはいえない。更に、リクライニングシートの耐久性や安全性から、従来以上の高靭化が望まれており、現在一部で使用されているS45Cの40HRC調質材が常温で示すシャルピー衝撃値30〜40J/cm2 (好ましくは60J/cm2 以上)を超える材料が望まれている。
【0004】
加工性に関しては、合金組成の調整によって鍛造時の変形抵抗,割れ限界等を改善した鋼種が特開平4−358041号公報,特開平9−272946号公報,特開平7−242989号公報等で紹介されているが、本発明が対象とするリクライニングシートギア製造時の精密打抜き性については不明である。また、特開平8−337843号公報では、合金組成の調整及び熱延終了後の冷却速度,熱延巻取り温度等の製造条件の制御により高炭素熱延鋼板の打抜き性が改善されることを紹介しているが、一般的な打抜き加工性の向上を図ったものに過ぎない。
加工性に加えて靭性を改善した低合金鋼は、Ti,Nbの炭窒化物によって焼入れ時のオーステナイト粒を微細化し、高靭化することが特開平4−116137号公報,特開平5−345952号公報,特開平10−147816号公報等で紹介されている。しかし、何れも、素材が拘束され、クリアランスがほとんどない状態での精密打抜き加工性に関しては明らかでない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上に掲げたように、これまでの加工性改善手段は、冷間鍛造性や一般的な打抜き加工性を対象とするものであり、リクライニングシートギアで検討され始めているプレスによる精密打抜き性に関しては何ら開示されていない。更に、リクライニングシートの耐久性や安全性の観点から、精密打抜き性を劣化させることなく熱処理後の高靭化が達成できる方法は、従来のところ報告されていない。
本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、精密打抜き性,熱処理性,熱処理後の靭性に優れた素材を使用することにより、耐久性及び安全性に優れたリクライニングシートギアを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の鋼製リクライニングシートギアは、その目的を達成するため、C:0.15〜0.50重量%,Si:0.30重量%以下,Mn:0.3〜1.0重量%,P:0.03重量%以下,S:0.01重量%以下,Ti:0.01〜0.15重量%,B:0.0005〜0.0050重量%,N:0.01重量%以下,全Al:0.02〜0.10重量%,Cr:0〜0.5重量%を含み、残部がFe及び不可避的不純物である組成をもち、[%P]≦6×[%B]+0.005の関係が満足され、JIS5号引張試験片の平行部長手方向中央位置における幅方向両サイドに開き角45度,深さ2mmのVノッチを入れた試験片を用いて引張試験し、Vノッチを含む標点間距離5mmに破断後の伸び率として表わされる切欠き引張伸び率ElVが35%以上である鋼板を素材としている。
【0007】
素材としては、平均炭化物粒径が0.4〜1.0μm,炭化物球状化率が90%以上であるものが好ましい。平均炭化物粒径は、鋼板断面の金属組織を観察したとき、炭化物総数が300個以上の観察視野領域において、個々の炭化物について測定した円相当径を全測定炭化物で平均した値として表わされる。炭化物球状化率は、同じく炭化物総数が300個以上の観察視野領域において、最大長さPとその直角方向の最大長さQとの比P/Qが3未満である炭化物が観察視野領域の炭化物総数に占める割合(%)で表わされる。
【0008】
【作用】
本発明者等は、リクライニングシートギア用素材に要求される軟質で精密打抜き性に優れ、且つ熱処理後の高い靭性を呈する鋼板を種々調査検討した。その結果、加工性に関しては、精密打抜き性は切欠き引張伸びElV と強い相関関係をもち、一般的な打抜き加工性や曲げ加工性が向上する場合でも切欠き引張伸びElV が改善されるとは限らないことを見出した。軟質さ及び切欠き引張伸びElV は、一般的にいって鋼板中における炭化物の分散形態に大きく依存し、炭化物の粒状化及び平均炭化物粒径の増大によって改善される。しかし、切欠き引張伸びElV の安定した改善は、単に炭化物を球状化するだけでは図れない。
【0009】
リクライニングシートギアの製造に採用されている精密打抜き加工の良否は、打抜き面に生じる破断面の生成難易度により判定される。破断面の生成は、加工変形中に発生する非常に局部的な欠陥に敏感に反応して引き起こされるものと考えられ、この点が一般的な打抜き加工と異なる現象である。すなわち、他の一般的な加工性に影響を及ぼさないミクロ的な欠陥が精密加工性に敏感に影響するため、他の一般的な加工性の改善に伴って精密加工性が必ずしも同様に改善されるとはいえない。破断面の生成メカニズムから、局部延性の指標ともなる切欠き引張伸びElV と精密打抜き加工性との間に強い相関関係があるものといえる。
【0010】
炭素鋼板では、局部的な欠陥の生成原因として、炭化物(セメンタイト)を起点として生じるミクロボイドの成長・連結が挙げられる。このことから、炭素鋼板の精密打抜き性を改善するためには、切欠き引張伸びElV が大きくなるように、加工変形時においてミクロボイドの生成・成長が可能な限り抑制される金属組織に調整することが重要である。
このような考察に基づき種々の実験を繰り返した結果、鋼板中に分散している炭化物の粒径を大きくすることにより、個々の炭化物を起点として生成したミクロボイドの連結が抑制され、精密打抜き性,換言すれば切欠き引張伸びElV が顕著に改善されることが判った。更に、分散している炭化物の粒状化率を高めると、ミクロボイドの生成自体も抑制される。
【0011】
切欠き引張伸びElV の改善には、鋼板成分のうちC,Mnの含有量を下げることが有利であるが、C,Mnの低下は焼入れ性,焼入れ硬さ等の熱処理性を劣化させることになる。このような熱処理性の低下を抑え、且つ切欠き引張伸びElV を改善するためには、Cr,Tiの微量添加が効果的である。また、Cr,Tiを添加して成分調整すると、焼入れ性も向上される。
以上のようにリクライニングシートギアの製造で実施されるプレスによる精密打抜き性に関しては、切欠き引張伸びElV を炭化物粒径の観点から向上させることが重要である。そこで、炭化物粒径を種々変化させ、切欠き引張伸びElV のある鋼板をリクライニングシートギアに精密加工した。その結果、平均炭化物粒径を大きくし、鋼板の切欠き引張伸びElV を35%以上にすると、剪断面がほぼ100%の良好なギア歯面が得られることが判った。
【0012】
平均炭化物粒径は、鋼板断面の金属組織を観察したとき、観察視野にある個々の炭化物について測定した円相当径を全測定炭化物で平均した値で表わされる。具体的には、個々の炭化物について面積を測定し、その面積から円相当径を算出する。面積の測定には、画像処理装置を使用できる。測定した全炭化物の円相当径の総和を求め、総和を測定炭化物の総数で除することにより平均炭化物粒径が求められる。測定結果の信頼性を高める上では、測定炭化物の総数が300個以上の領域を観察視野に選択する。
【0013】
また、打抜き加工のようなプレス加工では、プレス機を安定稼動させる必要もある。プレス機の安定稼動には、主としてポンチやダイスの欠け,噛り等のポンチ性状を健全に維持することが重要である。リクライニングシートギアの製造で実施されるプレスを用いた精密打抜き加工では、通常の一般的な打抜き加工に比較してクリアランスがかなり厳しいため、ポンチやダイスの健全な状態に維持することが特に必要となる。そこで、実機プレスを用いた精密打抜き加工でポンチやダイスの性状と機械的性質及び金属組織との関係を詳細に調査検討した結果、平均炭化物粒径を極力大きくして軟質化し、平均炭化物粒径を0.4μm以上にするとき、ポンチ及びダイスの性状が良好に維持されることが判った。
【0014】
加工性の観点から炭化物粒径を大きくすることが重要であるが、熱処理性の観点から平均炭化物粒径の上限を設定することが好ましい。たとえば、平均炭化物粒径が大きい場合、加熱時に炭化物が十分に固溶しないことがあり、高周波焼入れのように短時間加熱ではその影響が顕著になる。通常の焼入れでは、高周波焼入れほどの影響はないものの、未溶解の炭化物が残存し、熱処理後の靭性に悪影響を及ぼす。そこで、熱処理性の低下に影響を及ぼさない平均炭化物粒径を種々調査検討したところ、平均粒径1.0μm以下の炭化物では熱処理後の靭性に悪影響を及ぼさないことを解明した。
【0015】
更に、分散している炭化物のうち、たとえば再生パーライト等の炭化物では、球状化が不充分な炭化物を起点としてミクロボイドの生成・連結が助長され、割れの原因になることがある。したがって、平均炭化物粒径を大きくして切欠き引張伸びElV ,ひいてはリクライニングシートギアの精密打抜き加工性を向上させることに加え、更に安定して精密打抜き加工性を安定して改善させるためには鋼板の炭化物球状化率を90%以上にすることが好ましい。
炭化物球状化率は、「球状化した炭化物」と見倣される炭化物が全炭化物に占める割合で表わされる。炭化物の形状を立体的に正確に把握して規定することは難しく、また製品鋼板の適否を判定する上でも煩雑である。これに対し、鋼板断面の平面的な金属組織を観察することは容易である。
【0016】
そこで、本発明者等は、鋼板断面の金属組織を観察したときに検出される炭化物の形状を二次元的に把握して球状化率を表わすとき、切欠き引張伸びに及ぼす炭化物の形状の影響が適切に評価できることを見出した。すなわち、本件明細書では、観察視野において最大長さPとその直角方向の最大長さQとの比P/Qが3未満である炭化物を「球状化した炭化物」として扱った。たとえば、再生パーライトにおける炭化物では、ほとんどがP/Q≧3になっている。一方、AC1 変態点以上の加熱で残留した未溶解炭化物を起点として成長した炭化物では、比P/Qが3未満になる。なお、測定結果の信頼性を高めるため、測定炭化物の総数が300個以上の領域を観察視野に選択する。
【0017】
炭化物球状化率が90%以上になると、後述する実施例にもみられるように、鋼板は高い切欠き引張伸びElV を示す。また、90%以上の炭化物球状化率にに調整すると、切欠き引張伸びElV が一層向上する。
以上のような特性をもつ鋼板は、焼鈍方法の改良によって製造される。たとえば、AC1変態点直下での短時間均熱,AC1変態点直下〜AC1変態点直上の温度 域での加熱を組み合わせた焼鈍等が採用される。具体的には、(AC1−50℃ )〜(AC1未満の温度)の温度域に熱延鋼板又は冷延鋼板を0.5時間以上保 持する1段目の加熱、AC1〜(AC1+100℃)の温度域に0.5〜20時間 保持する2段目の加熱、次いで(Ar1−80℃)〜Ar1の温度域に2〜60時 間保持する3段目の加熱を連続させ、2段目の保持温度から3段目の保持温度への冷却速度を5〜30℃/時間とする3段階焼鈍によって、リクライニングシートギアに好適な金属組織をもつ鋼板が製造される。
【0018】
焼入れ時のオーステナイト粒をTi,Nbの炭窒化物で微細化すると、鋼材の靭性が向上する。しかし、Ti,Nbの添加は、熱処理前の素材強度を上昇させて加工性を劣化させる。粒界に偏析して脆化を促進させるP,Sを低減し、或いは粒界偏析によって粒界を強化するBを添加することによっても靭性が改善される。P,Sの低減及びBの添加は、熱処理前の素材加工性を向上させ或いは少なくとも劣化させない点では有効である。しかし、P,Sの低減は、製鋼段階で経済的に不利となる。そこで、P量及びB量を種々変化させた鋼板を常温シャルピー試験に供し,60J/cm2 以上の靭性が得られるP量とB量との関係を詳細に調査したところ、個々の含有量を規制することに加え、[%P]≦6×[%B]+0.005の関係を成立させるとき、精密打抜き性の指標である切欠き引張伸びElV に悪影響を及ぼすことなく60J/cm2 以上に高靭性化できることが判った。
【0019】
以下、本発明で使用する鋼板に含まれる合金成分,含有量等を説明する。
C:0.15〜0.50重量%
炭素鋼においては、最も基本となる合金成分である、C含有量に応じて焼入れ硬さ及び炭化物量が大きく変動する。本発明では中炭素鋼を対象とし、適度な焼入れ硬さ及び加工性を兼ね備えさせるため、C含有量を0.15〜0.50重量%の範囲に設定した。C含有量が低くなるほど精密打抜き性は向上するが、0.15重量%未満ではリクライニングシートギアに要求される十分な焼入れ硬さが得られない。逆に、0.50重量%を超えるC含有量では、熱間圧延後の靭性が低下して鋼帯の製造性・取扱い性が悪化すると共に、焼鈍後に十分な切欠き引張伸びElV が得られず精密打抜き性が低下する。
【0020】
Si:0.30重量%以下
精密打抜き性に大きな影響を及ぼす合金成分の一つである。Siを過剰に添加すると、固溶強化作用によってフェライトが硬化し、成形加工時に割れ発生の原因となる。また、Si含有量の増加に応じ、製造過程で鋼板表面にスケール疵が発生する傾向が強くなり、表面品質を低下させる。そこで、本発明においては、Si含有量の上限を0.30重量%に設定した。
Mn:0.3〜1.0重量%
鋼板の焼入れ性を高め、強靭化にも有効な合金成分である。十分な焼入れ性を得るためには、0.3重量%以上のMn含有量が必要である。しかし、1.0重量%を超える多量のMnが含まれると、フェライトが硬化し、加工性が劣化する。
【0021】
P:0.03重量%以下
B含有量とバランス調整するとき、ある程度まで含有させることは可能である。しかし、0.03重量%を超えるP含有量は、B含有量との間でバランスさせても、延性,靭性を劣化させる傾向が顕著になる。
S:0.01重量%以下
MnS系介在物を形成し、精密打抜き性を劣化させる有害成分であり、可能な限り低減することが望ましい。しかし、本発明で規定している炭化物分散形態を実現させる場合、S含有量を特に低減しない一般的な市販鋼に対しても精密打抜き性の改善効果が得られる。しかし、C含有量が0.50重量%近くまで高くなった場合でも高い切欠き引張伸びElV を安定して確保するため、S含有量を0.01重量%以下(好ましくは、0.005重量%以下)に低減している。
【0022】
Ti:0.01〜0.15重量%
溶鋼の脱酸調整に添加される合金成分であり、脱窒作用も呈する。また、マトリックスに固溶しているNを窒化物として固定し、焼入れ性を改善する有効B量を高める。更に、炭窒化物を形成し、焼入れ時の結晶粒粗大化を防止する作用も呈する。このような作用を安定して得るためには、0.01重量%以上のTi含有量が必要である。しかし、0.15重量%を超えるTi含有量は、経済的に不利になるばかりでなく、精密打抜き性を劣化させる原因となる。
B:0.0005〜0.0050重量%
極く微量の添加で鋼材の焼入れ性を大幅に向上させ、焼入れ硬さを安定して得るためにも必要な合金成分である。また、P含有量との間でバランス調整するとき、熱処理後の靭性も向上する。このようなBの効果は、0.0005重量%以上で顕著になるが、0.0050重量%を超えると却って靭性劣化の傾向が示される。
【0023】
N:0.01重量%以下
Tiと結合してTiNを形成し、焼入れ時に結晶粒を微細化する合金成分である。しかし、0.01重量%を超えるN含有量では、延性が低下する傾向が示される。過剰量のNは、Bと結合し、焼入れ性の改善に有効なB量を消費することにもなる。
全Al:0.02〜0.10重量%
溶鋼の脱酸剤として使用される合金成分であり、Nの固定にも有効である。このような作用は、0.02重量%以上のAl含有量で顕著になる。しかし、鋼中のAl量が0.1重量%を超えると、鋼材の清浄度が損われ、鋼板に表面疵が発生しやすくなる。
Cr:0〜0.5重量%
必要に応じて添加される合金成分であり、焼入れ性を改善すると共に、焼戻し軟化抵抗を大きくする。しかし、0.5重量%を超える多量のCrが含まれると、焼鈍しても軟化し難く、焼入れ前のプレス成形性や加工性が劣化する。
【0024】
【実施例】
表1の組成をもつ各種鋼を溶製した。表中、鋼種A〜Dは、各成分,P量とB量と間のバランス共に本発明で規定した条件を満足している。比較例のうち、鋼種Eは[%P]≦6×[%B]+0.005を満足するがC含有量が低く、鋼種FはTi,B無添加でC含有量が高く、鋼種GはTi,Bが無添加でP含有量及びN含有量が高く、鋼種H,Iは[%P]≦6×[%B]+0.005を満足せず、鋼種JはTi,B無添加でCr含有量が高い鋼種である。
【0025】
【0026】
鋼塊を熱間圧延し、板厚4.0mmの熱延板を製造した。熱間圧延に際し、巻取り温度の調整によって熱延組織を変化させた。得られた熱延板を酸洗した後、種々の条件で焼鈍し、鋼板の平均炭化物粒径及び炭化物球状化率を変化させた。焼鈍後の鋼板から試験片を切り出し、引張試験及び切欠き引張試験に供した。また、SKD11の62HRCに調質したダイス及びSKH51の61HRCに調質したポンチを用い、クリアランスを0.02mmに設定し、図1に示す形状をもちモジュール0.6mm,歯高2mmのリクライニングシートギアに精密打抜き加工し、打抜き面性状,金型性状を判定し、精密打抜き性を評価した。打抜き面性状の良否は、板厚方向の剪断面長さが板厚の99%以上である場合を良好とした。金型性状については、5000回成形後のポンチ及びダイスの平均摩耗量を測定し、摩耗量によって判定した。熱処理後の靭性については、870℃で均熱15分保持し、60℃の油中に焼入れし、次いで種々の温度で均熱30分の焼戻し処理を施し、硬さを40HRCに揃えた材料を常温でシャルピー衝撃試験することにより判定した。
【0027】
炭化物球状化率は、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて鋼板断面の一定領域を観察し、総数300〜1000個の炭化物が析出している部分を観察領域として選定した。炭化物の最大長さPとその直角方向の最大長さQとの比P/Qが3未満となるものを「球状化した炭化物」としてカウントし、測定炭化物総数に占める「球状化した炭化物」の数の割合を炭化物球状化率として算出した。
引張試験にはJIS5号試験片を用い、平行部の標点間距離を50mmに設定した。切欠き引張試験では、JIS5号引張り試験片の平行部長手方向中央位置における幅方向両側に開き角45度,深さ2mmのVノッチを入れた試験片を使用した。そして、Vノッチを含む標点間距離5mmに対する伸び率を破断後に測定し、得られた伸び率を切欠き引張伸びElV とした。
【0028】
表2の調査結果にみられるように、鋼種Aを用いた試験番号1(本発明例)は、平均炭化物粒径が0.45μm,炭化物球状化率が85%,切欠き引張伸びが47%で、良好な剪断面をもち、精密打抜き性に優れていた。焼入れ・焼戻し後の衝撃値も、85J/cm2 と高い値を示した。試験番号2(本発明例)は、試験番号1と比較すると炭化物球状化率が93%と高くなっているが、切欠き引張伸びElV が高く、精密打抜き性が更に優れていた。試験番号3(本発明例)は、試験番号1,2と比較すると平均炭化物粒径が0.3μmと小さくなっており、金型摩耗量が比較的大きく、金型性状が若干劣化していた。
【0029】
鋼種Bを用いた試験番号4(本発明例)は、平均炭化物粒径が0.62μm,炭化物球状化率が87%,切欠き引張伸びが53%で、良好な剪断面をもち、精密打抜き性に優れていた。焼入れ・焼戻し後の衝撃値も、126J/cm2 と高い値を示した。試験番号5(本発明例)は、試験番号4と比較すると炭化物球状化率が98%と高くなっているが、切欠き引張伸びElV が高く、精密打抜き性が更に優れていた。試験番号6(本発明例)は、試験番号4,5と比較すると平均炭化物粒径が0.25μmと小さくなっており、金型摩耗量が比較的大きく、金型性状が若干劣化していた。
【0030】
鋼種Cを用いた試験番号7(本発明例)は、平均炭化物粒径が0.8μm,炭化物球状化率が84%,切欠き引張伸びが41%で、良好な剪断面をもち、精密打抜き性に優れていた。試験番号8(本発明例)は、平均炭化物粒径が0.63μm,炭化物球状化率が99%,切欠き引張伸びが42%で、良好な剪断面をもち、精密打抜き性に優れていた。焼入れ・焼戻し後の衝撃値も、試験番号7及び8共に60J/cm2 以上の高い値を示した。試験番号9(本発明例)は、試験番号7,8と比較すると平均炭化物粒径が0.33μmと小さくなっているが、金型摩耗量が比較的大きく、金型性状が若干劣化していた。
【0031】
鋼種Dを用いた試験番号10(本発明例)は、平均炭化物粒径が0.57μm,炭化物球状化率が81%,切欠き引張伸びが49%で、良好な剪断面をもち、精密打抜き性に優れていた。焼入れ・焼戻し後の衝撃値も、79J/cm2 と高い値を示した。試験番号11(本発明例)は、試験番号10と比較すると炭化物球状化率が97%と高くなっているが、切欠き引張伸びElV が高く、精密打抜き性が更に優れていた。試験番号12(本発明例)は、試験番号10,11と比較すると平均炭化物粒径が0.28μmと小さくなっており、金型摩耗量が比較的大きく、金型性状が若干劣化していた。
【0032】
C含有量が低い鋼種Eを用いた試験番号13(比較例)は、平均炭化物粒径,炭化物球状化率,切欠き引張伸び共に良好であるが、焼入れ・焼戻し時に目標硬さ40HRCが得られなかった。C含有量及びMn含有量が多い鋼種Fを用いた試験番号14(比較例)は、平均炭化物粒径,炭化物球状化率が本発明で規定した範囲にあるものの、切欠き引張伸びElV が低く、精密打抜き時の打抜き面性状が劣り、熱処理後の靭性も低い値を示した。鋼種Gを用いた試験番号15(比較例)は、平均炭化物粒径,炭化物球状化率が本発明で規定した範囲にあるものの、N含有量が多いために切欠き引張伸びElV が低く、精密打抜き時の打抜き面性状が劣っていた。また、Ti,Nb無添加のため、熱処理後の靭性も低い値を示した。[%P]≧6×[%B]を満足しない鋼種H,Iを用いた試験番号16,17(比較例)は、平均炭化物粒径,炭化物球状化率,切欠き引張伸びElV 共に本発明で規定した条件を満足し、精密打抜き性は良好であるものの、熱処理後の靭性改善効果が得られなかった。多量のCrを含む鋼種Jを用いた試験番号18(比較例)は、平均炭化物粒径,炭化物球状化率が本発明で規定した条件を満足するものの、切欠き引張伸びElV が低く、精密打抜き性に劣っていた。
【0033】
【0034】
【発明の効果】
以上に説明したように、本発明のリクライニングシートギアは、P含有量との関係でB含有量を規制し、切欠き引張伸びを改善した鋼板を素材としているので、精密打抜きによって良好な形状に加工されると共に、焼入れ・焼戻しによって高い靭性が付与される。そのため、耐久性,安全性に優れたリクライニングシートギアとして使用される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 実施例で精密打抜き加工により製造したリクライニングシートギアの斜視図(a)及びB−B断面図(b)[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a steel steel reclining seat gear having excellent durability and safety and high toughness.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The reclining seat gear for a vehicle is made of carbon steel materials S15C and S45C for mechanical structures specified in JIS G4051 and chromium molybdenum steel SCM415 specified in JIS G4105, and manufactured by broach cutting with heat treatment. ing. After gear teeth are formed by broach cutting, S15C and SCM415 having a relatively low C content are subjected to carburizing heat treatment, and in S45C, they are subjected to quenching and tempering.
Since the manufacturing cost is high in broach cutting, recently, reclining seat gears have been studied to be manufactured by quenching and tempering after being formed by precision punching using a press. Specifically, a method is adopted in which the machining is finished in a half-punched state in which the punch is stopped during the precision punching process. The punched material is tempered to a hardness of about 38 to 40 HRC by subsequent quenching and tempering treatment.
[0003]
Along with the switching of the manufacturing method, a material that can endure processing with a high processing rate (in other words, a large amount of plastic deformation), is easy to process, and has excellent heat treatment properties is required. For example, in conventional S20C and SCM415, since the C content is low, precision punching workability and toughness after quenching / tempering are good, but hardness after quenching / tempering is insufficient. On the other hand, steel types such as S45C and SK5 have good hardness after quenching and tempering, but their softness, precision work punching, toughness after tempering, etc. are not necessarily sufficient. Furthermore, due to the durability and safety of the reclining sheet, it is desired to have a higher toughness than before, and the S45C 40HRC tempered material currently used in some parts has a Charpy impact value of 30-40 J / cm at normal temperature. A material exceeding 2 (preferably 60 J / cm 2 or more) is desired.
[0004]
Regarding workability, steel grades that have improved deformation resistance, crack limit, etc. during forging by adjusting the alloy composition are introduced in JP-A-4-358041, JP-A-9-272946, JP-A-7-242989, and the like. However, the precision punchability at the time of manufacturing the reclining seat gear targeted by the present invention is unclear. JP-A-8-337843 discloses that the punchability of a high carbon hot rolled steel sheet is improved by adjusting the alloy composition and controlling the production conditions such as the cooling rate after hot rolling and the hot rolling coiling temperature. Although introduced, it is only intended to improve general punching workability.
In the low alloy steel having improved toughness in addition to workability, it is possible to refine the austenite grains at the time of quenching by Ti and Nb carbonitrides and to increase the toughness, as disclosed in JP-A-4-116137 and JP-A-5-345959. No. 1, JP-A-10-147816, etc. However, in any case, the precision punching workability in a state where the material is constrained and there is almost no clearance is not clear.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As mentioned above, the workability improvement means so far are intended for cold forgeability and general punching workability, and regarding precision punchability by presses that have begun to be studied in reclining seat gears. Nothing is disclosed. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of durability and safety of the reclining sheet, no method has been reported so far that can achieve high toughness after heat treatment without degrading precision punchability.
The present invention has been devised to solve such problems, and by using a material excellent in precision punchability, heat treatment properties, and toughness after heat treatment, reclining excellent in durability and safety. An object is to provide a seat gear.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the object, the steel reclining seat gear of the present invention includes C: 0.15-0.50 wt%, Si: 0.30 wt% or less, Mn: 0.3-1.0 wt%, P: 0.03% by weight or less, S: 0.01% by weight or less, Ti: 0.01 to 0.15% by weight, B: 0.0005 to 0.0050% by weight, N: 0.01% by weight or less , Total Al: 0.02 to 0.10 wt%, Cr: 0 to 0.5 wt%, with the balance being Fe and inevitable impurities , [% P] ≦ 6 × [% B] The relationship of +0.005 is satisfied, and a tensile test is performed using a test piece in which a V notch having an opening angle of 45 degrees and a depth of 2 mm is provided on both sides in the width direction at the center position in the longitudinal direction of the parallel part of a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece Notch tensile elongation expressed as elongation after fracture at a distance of 5 mm between gauge points including V notch l V being made of steel plate is equal to or greater than 35%.
[0007]
The material is preferably one having an average carbide particle size of 0.4 to 1.0 μm and a carbide spheroidization rate of 90% or more. The average carbide particle size is expressed as a value obtained by averaging the equivalent circle diameters measured for individual carbides with all the measured carbides in the observation visual field region where the total number of carbides is 300 or more when the metal structure of the cross section of the steel sheet is observed. The carbide spheroidization rate is the same in the observation visual field region where the total number of carbides is 300 or more, and the carbide whose ratio P / Q between the maximum length P and the maximum length Q in the perpendicular direction is less than 3 is the carbide in the observation visual field region. Expressed as a percentage of the total number.
[0008]
[Action]
The present inventors have conducted various investigations and studies on steel sheets that are required for a material for reclining seat gears and that are soft and excellent in precision punchability and exhibit high toughness after heat treatment. As a result, with respect to workability, precision punching properties has a strong correlation with the elongation El V tensile notch elongation El V is improved tensile notch even if a general punching workability and bending workability are improved I found that this is not always the case. The softness and notch tensile elongation El V generally depends largely on the dispersion form of carbides in the steel sheet and is improved by increasing the grain size of carbides and increasing the average carbide particle size. However, stable improvement of the notch tensile elongation El V cannot be achieved by simply spheroidizing the carbide.
[0009]
The precision of the precision punching process employed in the manufacture of the reclining seat gear is determined by the degree of difficulty in generating a fractured surface generated on the punched surface. The generation of the fracture surface is considered to be caused by a sensitive reaction to a very local defect generated during machining deformation, and this is a phenomenon different from general punching. In other words, since micro defects that do not affect other general workability sensitively affect precision workability, precision workability is not necessarily improved along with other general workability improvements. That's not true. From the fracture surface generation mechanism, it can be said that there is a strong correlation between the notch tensile elongation El V, which is also an index of local ductility, and the precision punching workability.
[0010]
In the carbon steel sheet, the generation of local defects includes the growth and connection of microvoids that originate from carbide (cementite). Therefore, in order to improve the precision punching of the carbon steel sheet, as the notch tensile elongation El V increases, adjusted to the metal structure to be suppressed as much as possible formation and growth of microvoids during processing deformation This is very important.
As a result of repeating various experiments based on such considerations, by increasing the particle size of the carbides dispersed in the steel sheet, the connection of microvoids generated from individual carbides is suppressed, and the precision punchability, in other words the notch when the tensile elongation El V was found to be significantly improved. Furthermore, when the granulation rate of the dispersed carbide is increased, the generation of microvoids is suppressed.
[0011]
The improvement of the notch tensile elongation El V, that of the steel component C, and it is advantageous to reduce the content of Mn, C, reduction of Mn is degrading hardenability, heat treatment of the quenched hardness and the like become. In order to suppress such a decrease in heat treatment property and improve the notch tensile elongation El V , it is effective to add a small amount of Cr and Ti. Moreover, when Cr and Ti are added to adjust the components, the hardenability is also improved.
As described above, it is important to improve the notch tensile elongation El V from the viewpoint of the carbide particle diameter with respect to the precision punchability by the press performed in the manufacture of the reclining seat gear. Accordingly, the carbide grain size was changed variously, and a steel sheet having a notch tensile elongation El V was precision processed into a reclining seat gear. As a result, it was found that when the average carbide particle size was increased and the notch tensile elongation El V of the steel sheet was 35% or more, a good gear tooth surface with a shear surface of almost 100% was obtained.
[0012]
The average carbide particle size is represented by a value obtained by averaging the equivalent circle diameters measured for individual carbides in the observation field when all the measured carbides are averaged when the metal structure of the cross section of the steel sheet is observed. Specifically, the area of each carbide is measured, and the equivalent circle diameter is calculated from the area. An image processing apparatus can be used for measuring the area. The average carbide particle diameter is obtained by obtaining the sum of the measured equivalent circle diameters of all carbides and dividing the sum by the total number of measured carbides. In order to increase the reliability of the measurement result, an area where the total number of measurement carbides is 300 or more is selected as the observation field.
[0013]
In press working such as punching, it is necessary to operate the press machine stably. For stable operation of a press machine, it is important to maintain the punch properties such as punch and die chipping and biting in a healthy manner. In precision punching using a press performed in the manufacture of reclining seat gears, the clearance is considerably stricter than that of ordinary general punching, so it is particularly necessary to maintain a healthy state of punches and dies. Become. Therefore, as a result of detailed investigation and examination of the relationship between the properties of punches and dies and the mechanical properties and metal structure by precision punching using an actual press, the average carbide particle size was increased as much as possible to make it softer. When the thickness is 0.4 μm or more, it has been found that the properties of the punch and the die are well maintained.
[0014]
Although it is important to increase the carbide particle diameter from the viewpoint of workability, it is preferable to set the upper limit of the average carbide particle diameter from the viewpoint of heat treatment. For example, when the average carbide particle size is large, the carbide may not be sufficiently dissolved at the time of heating, and the influence becomes remarkable when heating for a short time such as induction hardening. Although normal quenching does not affect as much as induction quenching, undissolved carbides remain and adversely affect toughness after heat treatment. Thus, various investigations were conducted on the average carbide particle size that does not affect the heat treatment degradation, and it was clarified that carbides having an average particle size of 1.0 μm or less do not adversely affect the toughness after heat treatment.
[0015]
Furthermore, among the dispersed carbides, for example, regenerated pearlite and the like, the formation and connection of microvoids is promoted starting from carbides that are insufficiently spheroidized, which may cause cracks. Therefore, in addition to increasing the average carbide particle size and improving the notch tensile elongation El V and thus the precision punching processability of the reclining seat gear, in order to improve the precision punching processability more stably and stably. The carbide spheroidization rate of the steel sheet is preferably 90% or more.
The carbide spheroidization rate is represented by the ratio of carbides regarded as “spheroidized carbides” to the total carbides. It is difficult to accurately grasp and define the shape of the carbide three-dimensionally, and it is complicated to determine the suitability of the product steel plate. On the other hand, it is easy to observe the planar metal structure of the cross section of the steel plate.
[0016]
Therefore, the present inventors have two-dimensionally grasped the shape of the carbide detected when observing the metal structure of the cross section of the steel sheet, and when expressing the spheroidization rate, the influence of the shape of the carbide on the notch tensile elongation. Found that can be evaluated appropriately. That is, in the present specification, a carbide having a ratio P / Q of less than 3 between the maximum length P and the maximum length Q in the perpendicular direction in the observation visual field is treated as “spheroidized carbide”. For example, most of the carbides in recycled pearlite satisfy P / Q ≧ 3. On the other hand, the ratio P / Q is less than 3 for carbides grown starting from undissolved carbides remaining after heating above the A C1 transformation point. In order to increase the reliability of the measurement result, an area where the total number of measurement carbides is 300 or more is selected as an observation field.
[0017]
When the carbide spheroidization ratio is 90% or more, the steel sheet exhibits a high notch tensile elongation El V as seen in Examples described later. Further, when the carbide spheroidization ratio is adjusted to 90% or more, the notch tensile elongation El V is further improved.
The steel sheet having the above characteristics is manufactured by improving the annealing method. For example, a short time just below A C1 transformation point soaking, annealing or the like which combines the heating in the temperature range just above A C1 transformation point just below to A C1 transformation point is employed. Specifically, the first stage heating that holds the hot-rolled steel sheet or the cold-rolled steel sheet in the temperature range of (A C1 -50 ° C.) to (temperature less than A C1 ) for 0.5 hour or more, A C1 to ( 2nd stage heating for 0.5-20 hours in the temperature range of A C1 + 100 ° C, then 3rd stage heating for 2-60 hours in the temperature range of (A r1 -80 ° C) to A r1 The steel sheet having a metal structure suitable for the reclining seat gear is manufactured by three-stage annealing in which the cooling rate from the second-stage holding temperature to the third-stage holding temperature is 5 to 30 ° C./hour. .
[0018]
When the austenite grains at the time of quenching are refined with Ti and Nb carbonitrides, the toughness of the steel material is improved. However, the addition of Ti and Nb increases the strength of the material before the heat treatment and degrades the workability. Toughness is also improved by reducing P and S that segregate at the grain boundaries and promote embrittlement, or by adding B that strengthens the grain boundaries by grain boundary segregation. The reduction of P and S and the addition of B are effective in improving the material workability before heat treatment or at least not deteriorating. However, the reduction of P and S is economically disadvantageous at the steelmaking stage. Therefore, steel sheets with various amounts of P and B were subjected to a normal temperature Charpy test, and the relationship between the amount of P and the amount of B with which toughness of 60 J / cm 2 or more was obtained was investigated in detail. In addition to the regulation, when the relationship of [% P] ≦ 6 × [% B] +0.005 is established, 60 J / cm 2 without adversely affecting the notch tensile elongation El V that is an index of precision punchability. It was found that higher toughness can be achieved.
[0019]
Hereinafter, alloy components, contents, and the like included in the steel sheet used in the present invention will be described.
C: 0.15-0.50% by weight
In carbon steel, the quenching hardness and carbide content vary greatly depending on the C content, which is the most basic alloy component. In the present invention, the C content is set in the range of 0.15 to 0.50% by weight in order to combine moderate quenching hardness and workability for medium carbon steel. Although the precision punchability improves as the C content decreases, if it is less than 0.15% by weight, sufficient quenching hardness required for the reclining seat gear cannot be obtained. On the contrary, if the C content exceeds 0.50% by weight, the toughness after hot rolling deteriorates and the manufacturability and handleability of the steel strip deteriorates, and a sufficient notch tensile elongation El V is obtained after annealing. Otherwise, the precision punchability is reduced.
[0020]
Si: 0.30% by weight or less Si is one of alloy components having a great influence on precision punchability. When Si is added excessively, the ferrite is hardened by the solid solution strengthening action and causes cracking during the molding process. Moreover, according to the increase in Si content, the tendency to generate scale flaws on the steel sheet surface during the manufacturing process becomes stronger, and the surface quality is lowered. Therefore, in the present invention, the upper limit of the Si content is set to 0.30% by weight.
Mn: 0.3 to 1.0% by weight
It is an alloy component that enhances the hardenability of steel sheets and is effective for toughening. In order to obtain sufficient hardenability, a Mn content of 0.3% by weight or more is necessary. However, if a large amount of Mn exceeding 1.0% by weight is contained, the ferrite is cured and the workability is deteriorated.
[0021]
P: 0.03% by weight or less When adjusting the balance with the B content, it can be contained to some extent. However, the P content exceeding 0.03% by weight tends to deteriorate ductility and toughness even when balanced with the B content.
S: 0.01% by weight or less It is a harmful component that forms MnS-based inclusions and deteriorates precision punchability, and is desirably reduced as much as possible. However, when realizing the carbide dispersion form defined in the present invention, the effect of improving precision punchability can be obtained even for general commercial steel that does not particularly reduce the S content. However, even when the C content increases to near 0.50% by weight, in order to stably secure a high notch tensile elongation El V , the S content is 0.01% by weight or less (preferably 0.005%). Weight% or less).
[0022]
Ti: 0.01 to 0.15% by weight
It is an alloy component added to adjust the deoxidation of molten steel and also exhibits denitrification. Further, N dissolved in the matrix is fixed as a nitride, and the effective B amount for improving the hardenability is increased. Furthermore, carbonitride is formed, and the effect of preventing coarsening of crystal grains during quenching is also exhibited. In order to obtain such an action stably, a Ti content of 0.01% by weight or more is necessary. However, a Ti content exceeding 0.15% by weight is not only economically disadvantageous but also causes deterioration of precision punchability.
B: 0.0005 to 0.0050% by weight
It is an alloy component necessary for greatly improving the hardenability of the steel material with a very small amount of addition and stably obtaining the quenching hardness. Moreover, when adjusting balance with P content, the toughness after heat processing also improves. Such an effect of B becomes prominent at 0.0005% by weight or more, but when it exceeds 0.0050% by weight, a tendency of toughness deterioration is shown.
[0023]
N: 0.01% by weight or less An alloy component that forms TiN by combining with Ti and refines crystal grains during quenching. However, if the N content exceeds 0.01% by weight, the ductility tends to decrease. An excessive amount of N combines with B and consumes an amount of B effective for improving hardenability.
Total Al: 0.02-0.10% by weight
It is an alloy component used as a deoxidizer for molten steel and is also effective for fixing N. Such an effect becomes remarkable when the Al content is 0.02% by weight or more. However, when the amount of Al in the steel exceeds 0.1% by weight, the cleanliness of the steel material is impaired, and surface flaws are likely to occur on the steel plate.
Cr: 0 to 0.5% by weight
It is an alloy component added as necessary, and improves hardenability and increases temper softening resistance. However, if a large amount of Cr exceeding 0.5% by weight is contained, it is difficult to soften even if annealed, and press formability and workability before quenching deteriorate.
[0024]
【Example】
Various steels having the compositions shown in Table 1 were melted. In the table, steel types A to D satisfy the conditions specified in the present invention, as well as the balance between each component, the P amount and the B amount. Among the comparative examples, the steel type E satisfies [% P] ≦ 6 × [% B] +0.005, but the C content is low, the steel type F does not contain Ti and B, and the C content is high. Ti and B are not added, P content and N content are high, Steel types H and I do not satisfy [% P] ≦ 6 × [% B] +0.005, Steel type J is Ti and B not added It is a steel type with a high Cr content.
[0025]
[0026]
The steel ingot was hot-rolled to produce a hot rolled sheet having a thickness of 4.0 mm. During hot rolling, the hot rolled structure was changed by adjusting the coiling temperature. The obtained hot-rolled sheet was pickled and then annealed under various conditions to change the average carbide particle size and carbide spheroidization rate of the steel sheet. A test piece was cut out from the annealed steel sheet and subjected to a tensile test and a notch tensile test. Also, using a die tempered to 62 HRC of SKD11 and a punch tempered to 61 HRC of SKH51, the clearance is set to 0.02 mm, the shape shown in FIG. 1 is used, and a reclining seat gear with a module of 0.6 mm and a tooth height of 2 mm Were subjected to precision punching, and the punching surface properties and mold properties were judged, and the precision punching properties were evaluated. The quality of the punched surface property was good when the shear surface length in the plate thickness direction was 99% or more of the plate thickness. The mold properties were determined by measuring the average wear amount of punches and dies after molding 5000 times and determining the wear amount. For toughness after heat treatment, hold the material at 870 ° C. for 15 minutes, quench in oil at 60 ° C., and then perform tempering treatment at various temperatures for 30 minutes so that the hardness is equal to 40 HRC. The determination was made by conducting a Charpy impact test at room temperature.
[0027]
The carbide spheroidization ratio was determined by observing a certain region of the cross section of the steel sheet using a scanning electron microscope, and selecting a portion where 300 to 1000 carbides were deposited as the observation region. When the ratio P / Q between the maximum length P of carbides and the maximum length Q in the direction perpendicular thereto is less than 3, the number is determined as “spheroidized carbides”. The ratio of the numbers was calculated as the carbide spheroidization rate.
In the tensile test, a JIS No. 5 test piece was used, and the distance between the gauge points of the parallel part was set to 50 mm. In the notch tensile test, a test piece having a V notch with an opening angle of 45 degrees and a depth of 2 mm on both sides in the width direction at the center position in the longitudinal direction of the parallel part of a JIS No. 5 tensile test piece was used. Then, to measure the elongation for gauge distance 5mm comprising a V notch after breaking, the resulting elongation was notched tensile elongation El V.
[0028]
As can be seen from the investigation results in Table 2, test number 1 (example of the present invention) using steel type A has an average carbide particle size of 0.45 μm, a carbide spheroidization rate of 85%, and a notch tensile elongation of 47%. It had a good shear surface and was excellent in precision punchability. The impact value after quenching / tempering was as high as 85 J / cm 2 . Test No. 2 (Example of the present invention) had a carbide spheroidization rate as high as 93% as compared with Test No. 1, but had a high notch tensile elongation El V and further excellent precision punchability. In Test No. 3 (Example of the present invention), the average carbide particle size was as small as 0.3 μm compared to Test Nos. 1 and 2, the mold wear amount was relatively large, and the mold properties were slightly deteriorated. .
[0029]
Test No. 4 using the steel type B (invention example) has an average carbide particle size of 0.62 μm, a carbide spheroidization rate of 87%, a notch tensile elongation of 53%, a good shear surface, and precision punching. It was excellent in nature. The impact value after quenching / tempering was as high as 126 J / cm 2 . Test No. 5 (Example of the present invention) had a carbide spheroidization rate as high as 98% as compared with Test No. 4, but had a high notch tensile elongation El V and further excellent precision punchability. Test No. 6 (Example of the present invention) had an average carbide particle size as small as 0.25 μm as compared with Test Nos. 4 and 5, relatively large mold wear, and a slight deterioration in mold properties. .
[0030]
Test No. 7 (Example of the present invention) using steel type C has an average carbide particle size of 0.8 μm, a carbide spheroidization ratio of 84%, a notch tensile elongation of 41%, a good shear surface, and precision punching. It was excellent in nature. Test No. 8 (example of the present invention) had an average carbide particle size of 0.63 μm, a carbide spheroidization rate of 99%, a notch tensile elongation of 42%, a good shear surface, and excellent precision punchability. . The impact values after quenching and tempering also showed high values of 60 J / cm 2 or more in both test numbers 7 and 8. Test No. 9 (Example of the present invention) has an average carbide particle size as small as 0.33 μm as compared with Test Nos. 7 and 8. However, the wear amount of the mold is relatively large and the mold properties are slightly deteriorated. It was.
[0031]
Test No. 10 (Example of the present invention) using steel type D had an average carbide particle size of 0.57 μm, a carbide spheroidization rate of 81%, a notch tensile elongation of 49%, a good shear surface, and precision punching. It was excellent in nature. The impact value after quenching and tempering was as high as 79 J / cm 2 . Test No. 11 (Example of the present invention) had a carbide spheroidization rate as high as 97% as compared with Test No. 10, but the notch tensile elongation El V was high and the precision punchability was further excellent. Test No. 12 (Example of the present invention) had an average carbide particle size as small as 0.28 μm as compared with Test Nos. 10 and 11, the mold wear amount was relatively large, and the mold properties were slightly deteriorated. .
[0032]
Test No. 13 (Comparative Example) using steel type E with low C content has good average carbide particle size, carbide spheroidization rate, and notch tensile elongation, but the target hardness of 40 HRC is obtained during quenching and tempering. There wasn't. Test No. 14 (Comparative Example) using steel type F with a high C content and a high Mn content has an average carbide particle size and carbide spheroidization ratio in the ranges specified in the present invention, but has a notch tensile elongation El V. It was low, the punching surface property at the time of precision punching was inferior, and the toughness after heat treatment was also low. Test No. 15 (Comparative Example) using steel type G has an average carbide particle size and carbide spheroidization ratio in the ranges specified in the present invention, but because of the large N content, the notch tensile elongation El V is low, The punching surface properties at the time of precision punching were inferior. Moreover, since Ti and Nb were not added, the toughness after heat treatment also showed a low value. Test Nos. 16 and 17 (Comparative Examples) using steel types H and I that do not satisfy [% P] ≧ 6 × [% B] are shown for both the average carbide particle size, carbide spheroidization ratio, and notch tensile elongation El V. Although the conditions specified in the invention were satisfied and the precision punchability was good, the effect of improving toughness after heat treatment was not obtained. Test No. 18 (Comparative Example) using a steel type J containing a large amount of Cr, although the average carbide particle size and carbide spheroidization ratio satisfy the conditions specified in the present invention, the notch tensile elongation El V is low and precise. The punchability was inferior.
[0033]
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the reclining seat gear of the present invention is made of a steel plate that regulates the B content in relation to the P content and improves the notch tensile elongation, so it has a good shape by precision punching. While being processed, high toughness is imparted by quenching and tempering. Therefore, it is used as a reclining seat gear with excellent durability and safety.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view (a) and a BB sectional view (b) of a reclining seat gear manufactured by precision punching in an embodiment.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06949699A JP4330090B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | Steel reclining seat gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP06949699A JP4330090B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | Steel reclining seat gear |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000265238A JP2000265238A (en) | 2000-09-26 |
| JP4330090B2 true JP4330090B2 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP06949699A Expired - Lifetime JP4330090B2 (en) | 1999-03-16 | 1999-03-16 | Steel reclining seat gear |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP4905031B2 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2012-03-28 | Jfeスチール株式会社 | Steel plate excellent in fine blanking workability and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP5350047B2 (en) * | 2009-04-03 | 2013-11-27 | Ntn株式会社 | Clutch unit |
| CA2909984C (en) | 2013-04-25 | 2017-08-22 | Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation | Steel sheet |
| JP6177754B2 (en) * | 2014-11-18 | 2017-08-09 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Carburized steel plate and machine structural parts with excellent punchability and grain coarsening prevention properties |
| CN111926262A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-11-13 | 湖州南浔超盛金属制品有限公司 | High-low temperature resistant hot-rolled angle steel and preparation method thereof |
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1999
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