JP4330741B2 - Bulletproof and blade-proof vest made of polyketone fiber - Google Patents
Bulletproof and blade-proof vest made of polyketone fiber Download PDFInfo
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- JP4330741B2 JP4330741B2 JP36127299A JP36127299A JP4330741B2 JP 4330741 B2 JP4330741 B2 JP 4330741B2 JP 36127299 A JP36127299 A JP 36127299A JP 36127299 A JP36127299 A JP 36127299A JP 4330741 B2 JP4330741 B2 JP 4330741B2
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- Prior art keywords
- polyketone
- bulletproof
- dtex
- blade
- weft
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Links
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 229920001470 polyketone Polymers 0.000 title claims description 32
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 14
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 propylene, butylene, 1-phenylethylene Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002166 wet spinning Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007589 penetration resistance test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellanylidenegermanium Chemical compound [Te]=[Ge] JBQYATWDVHIOAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(O)C(F)(F)F BYEAHWXPCBROCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910001615 alkaline earth metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001755 resorcinol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000578 dry spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004434 industrial solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001637 plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Landscapes
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
- Polyethers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術的分野】
本発明は、高強度高弾性率を有するポリケトン繊維からなる耐貫通性に優れた防弾防刃チョッキに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、高分子化学及び紡糸技術の発展により、アラミド繊維や高分子量ポリエチレン繊維等の高強度高弾性率繊維が製造されるようになり、従来金属でしか製造されなかった防弾、防護性等の耐貫通性が要求される分野でもその高強度高弾性率繊維が利用されるようになった。しかし、この高強度高弾性率繊維の利用は、確かに軽量化という点では大きな改善が見られるが、種々の性能の点においては未だ必ずしも十分満足されるとは言えない。
【0003】
アラミド繊維においては吸水性が高く、寸法安定性に問題がある。これは、水にぬれた時の繊維の強度低下、織物の織り密度の変化を引き起こし耐貫通性の低下につながる。高分子量ポリエチレンにおいては寸法安定性が良いが、融点が120℃と低いために高温になると物性低下を起こす。たとえば製鉄現場などで防護服として使用した場合、周囲の高温な雰囲気のために物性低下を起こし耐貫通性、耐擦過性を発揮できない。また、これらの物性面の問題のほかにも、いずれの繊維も高価であり汎用性に乏しいという問題がある。
【0004】
【本発明が解決しようとしている課題】
本発明が解決しようとしている課題は、湿潤状態、高温でも高強度高弾性率を維持することができ、且つ安価な防弾防刃チョッキを提供することである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記課題について鋭意研究した結果、上記課題はポリケトンよりなる高強度高弾性率繊維を用いることにより解決されることを見出した。すなわち本発明は繰り返し単位の90モル%以上が下記の構造式(1)で示されるポリケトンから構成され、パラジウム元素の含有量が100ppm以下であるポリケトン繊維を用いたことを特徴とする防弾防刃チョッキに関するものである。
【0006】
本発明のポリケトン繊維は、繰り返し単位の90モル%以上が下記の構造式(1)で示されるポリケトンから構成される。10モル%未満の範囲で下記の構造式(1)以外の繰り返し単位、例えば下記の構造式(2)に示したもの等を含有していても良い。
【0007】
Rはエチレン以外の1〜30の有機基であり、例えばプロピレン、ブチレン、1−フェニルエチレン等が例示される。これらの水素原子の一部または全部が、ハロゲン基、エステル基、アミド基、水酸基、エーテル基で置換されていてもよい。もちろん、Rは2種以上であってもよく、例えば、プロピレンと1−フェニルエチレンが混在していてもよい。高強度、高弾性率が達成可能で、高温での安定性が優れるという観点で繰り返し単位の97モル%以上が上記構造式(1)で示されるポリケトンであるこことが好ましく、最も好ましくは100モル%である。
【0008】
また、これらのポリケトンには必要に応じて、酸化防止剤、ラジカル抑制剤、他のポリマー、艶消し剤、紫外線吸収剤、難燃剤、金属石鹸等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。
本発明の防弾防刃チョッキはポリケトン繊維を用いることにより、湿潤状態、高温での使用が可能となり、且つ安価なものとなる。防弾防刃チョッキの構成はポリケトン繊維からなされておれば良く、その構成比率は10重量%以上、好ましくは50重量%以上、さらに好ましくは70重量%以上であり、最も好ましくは100重量%である。チョッキの構成は公知のもので良く、織物、編物、それらの複合物、樹脂加工物、積層物で良いが、中でも織物が好ましい。
【0009】
本発明に言う織物とは平織、斜文織、朱子織等である。最終用途から要求される織物の諸性質の基礎となる構造力学特性は、通常、組織と経および緯糸の配列間隔の両面から推論され、一般に、平織組織が最も締まりがきつく強く、朱子織組織が柔軟性に富む。本発明に言うカバーファクターKとは、これらの傾向を数値化したもので織物表面から見える糸間の間隔の大きさを表すパラメーターである。すなわち、経糸(もしくは緯糸)の織物密度n(本/2.54cm)と糸の番手S(英式綿番手数)の平方根との比で定義され、
K=n/S1/2
で求められる。番手Sをデシテックスdtexに換算すると、
K=n/(0.5906×10000/dtex)1/2
となる。経糸、緯糸について求めたカバーファクターを各々Kw、Kfとし、その積Kwfを
Kwf=Kw×Kf
として求める。
【0010】
本発明においては、経糸および緯糸の少なくとも一方のカバーファクターが5以上であり、かつ経糸と緯糸のカバーファクターの積が50以上になるように織物を構成することが肝要点である。このKwfが設定値から外れると、耐貫通性が劣ることとなる。
尚織物に用いる経・緯糸は、ともに本発明で規定するポリケトン繊維が好ましいが、耐貫通性が劣らない範囲で、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリエチレン、ポリアクリル、ポリビニルアルコール等の繊維を経・緯糸として1本以上混ぜ合わせ(例えば、本発明で規定する繊維特性を満足するポリケトン繊維556dtex×2本とナイロン繊維556dtex×1本の合糸)たりしてもよい。また、目的に合わせてシート状物を1層以上積層して用いてもよいことは無論である。
【0011】
本発明で用いるポリケトン繊維の性能には特に制限はないが、強度が7cN/dtex以上、弾性率が88cN/dtex以上であることが好ましい。さらに好ましくは強度8.8cN/dtex以上、弾性率132cN/dtex以上、最も好ましくは強度13cN/dtex以上、弾性率176cN/dtex以上である。繊維の強度が7cN/dtex未満では前述した織物とした時、要求される耐貫通性を満足できない場合が生じ、好ましくない。また、弾性率が88cN/dtex未満でも衝撃時の繊維変形量(伸度)が同一強度の高弾性率繊維に比べ大きくなり、結果として耐貫通性に要求される性能に達せず、好ましくない。
【0012】
本発明で用いる上述のポリケトン繊維の製造は公知の紡糸方法で可能である。湿式紡糸、溶融紡糸、乾式紡糸が可能であり、好ましくは湿式紡糸、溶融紡糸である。最も好ましくは湿式紡糸法である。湿式紡糸で物性を発現させるためには、特開平2−112413号公報、特開平4−228613号公報、特表平4−505344号公報に記載の溶剤、例えば、ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノール、m−クレゾール、クロロフェノール、レゾルシン/水、フェノール/アセトン、プロピレンカーボネート/ヒドロキノン、ピロール、レゾルシン/プロピレンカーボネート、ピリジン、ギ酸等の有機溶剤を用いた湿式紡糸を適用することもできるが、これらの溶剤は高価または毒性が高いものであったり、引火性の高い凝固剤を使用する必要がある等、工業的に使用するには問題がある。また、米国特許第5929150号明細書、国際特許出願第99/18143号では、例えば亜鉛塩溶液、リチウム塩の溶液が溶剤として使用できることが開示されている。リチウム塩の溶液は高価で工業的には使用できないが、亜鉛塩の溶液は安価で安定な湿式紡糸が可能となる。しかし、ポリケトンを亜鉛塩の溶液に溶した場合、工業的に必要な長期な時間安定に保つことは困難である。一方、本発明者らが発見したポリケトン溶液であるハロゲン化亜鉛とハロゲン化アルカリ金属または/及びハロゲン化アルカリ土類金属の混合塩の水溶液は、安価で安全である上に、長期安定性も優れており、工業的な溶剤であるという点で、最も好ましい溶剤である。従って、本発明に用いるポリケトン繊維はハロゲン化亜鉛とハロゲン化亜鉛とハロゲン化アルカリ金属及び/またはハロゲン化アルカリ土類金属の混合塩の水溶液を溶剤とした湿式紡糸法を用いて製造することが最も好ましく、その方法は国際特許出願第99/04235号に従うことによりできる。
【0013】
上記のようにして得られた繊維中には、重合触媒として使用したパラジウムが含まれる。このパラジウム元素の量は100ppm以下であることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは10ppm以下であることが好ましい。パラジウムの量を低減する方法としては、特に制限はないが、ポリケトンの重合終了時に重合溶媒を用いて1〜20回洗浄すればよい。また、紡糸溶剤として使用した亜鉛元素も残留しており、その含量は10000ppm以下であることが好ましい。さらに好ましくは、3000ppm以下である。これらの元素が残留したまま長期に渡り湿潤状態、高温での使用を続けると防弾防刃性の低下を引き起こすため、紡糸時に充分な洗浄を施してから使用を行う必要が有る。
溶融紡糸法としては、例えば特開平1−124617号公報の方法をそのまま適用できる。
【0014】
【実施例】
本発明を以下の実施例によりさらに詳しく説明するが、これらは本発明の範囲に限定されるものではない。
実施例の説明中に用いられる各測定値の測定方法は、次の通りである。
(1)極限粘度
極限粘度[η]は、次の定義式に基づいて求めた。
定義式中のt及びTは、純度98%以上のヘキサイソプロパノール及び該ヘキサフルオロイソプロパノールに溶解したポリケトンの希釈溶液の25℃での粘度管の流下時間である。また、Cは上記100ml中のグラム単位による溶質重量値である。
【0015】
(2)繊維の強力、強度、伸度、弾性率
JIS−L−1013に準じて測定した。
(3)耐貫通性
耐貫通性試験には、織物シートの表裏表面を厚さ1mmのポリエチレンシートで狭み、150℃で熱プレスしたものを使用した。
耐貫通性の評価は、図1に示す重量270gの鉄錘を高さ1.7mより落下させることにより、異常無しを○、貫通したものを×として、判定することで実施した。
(4)パラジウム、亜鉛の元素の量
高周波プラズマ発光分光分析により、公知の方法を用いて測定した。
【0016】
【実施例1】
塩化亜鉛/塩化ナトリウム/水(65/10/25重量%)の水溶液に、極限粘度5.6のポリ(3−オキソトリメチレン)(上記構造式(1)で示されるポリケトン)を8重量%濃度になるように溶解した。このドープを孔数200個、孔径0.2mmの紡口から吐出線速度6.3m/分でエアギャップ長10mmを介して凝固浴に押し出した。凝固浴長は1.2mで水のみで満たした。次に2%の硫酸水溶液を入れた2mの洗浄浴を通し、水を連続的に吹きかけるネルソンロールを通してから、定長で240℃の乾燥を行った。その後、ホットプレートを2つのフィードロールの間に備えた延伸機を用いて240℃で第一段目延伸、255℃で第二段目延伸、265℃で第三段目延伸を行い、次いで巻き取った。
得られたポリケトン繊維の物性は次のようなものであった。
【0017】
強度=13.9cN/dtex
伸度=5.2%
弾性率=306cN/dtex
このポリケトン繊維を用いて合糸により、経1667dtex、緯556dtexとし経密度40本/インチ、緯密度25本/インチ、カバーファクターKw=21.2、Kf=7.7、Kwf=163の平織り組織を得た。この組織の耐貫通性試験の結果とパラジウム(Pd)元素含量、亜鉛(Zn)元素含量を表1に示す。
【0018】
【実施例2】
実施例1と同様の糸を用い、経1667dtex、緯556dtexとし、織り組織を経密度25本/インチ、緯密度を25本/インチ、カバーファクターKw=13.3、Kf=7.7、Kwf=102の平織り組織を得た。この組織の耐貫通性試験の結果とパラジウム(Pd)元素含量、亜鉛(Zn)元素含量を表1に示す。
【0019】
【実施例3】
実施例1と同様の糸を用い、経1667dtex、緯1667dtexとし、織り組織を経密度13本/インチ、緯密度を32本/インチ、カバーファクターKw=6.9、Kf=17.0、Kwf=117の平織り組織を得た。この組織の耐貫通性試験の結果とパラジウム(Pd)元素含量、亜鉛(Zn)元素含量を表1に示す。
【0020】
【比較例1】
実施例1と同様の糸を用い、経1667dtex、緯1667dtexとし、織り組織を経密度8本/インチ、緯密度を32本/インチ、カバーファクターKw=4.2、Kf=17.0、Kwf=71の平織り組織を得た。この組織の耐貫通性試験の結果とパラジウム(Pd)元素含量、亜鉛(Zn)元素含量を表1に示す。
【0021】
【比較例2】
実施例1と同様の紡糸を行い、延伸を1段目延伸でとどめた。その結果得られたポリケトン繊維の物性は次のようなものであった。
強度=6.6cN/dtex
伸度=7.2%
弾性率=86cN/dtex
このポリケトン繊維を用いて合糸により、経1667dtex、緯556dtexとし経密度40本/インチ、緯密度25本/インチ、カバーファクターKw=21.2、Kf=7.7、Kwf=163の平織り組織を得た。この組織の耐貫通性試験の結果とパラジウム(Pd)元素含量、亜鉛(Zn)元素含量を表1に示す。
【0022】
【表1】
【0023】
【実施例4】
実施例1と同様な方法で得られた平織り組織を用いて、100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での耐貫通性を評価した。また、平織り組織を作成するのに用いた繊維についても、100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での強度、弾性率を評価した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0024】
【比較例3】
ポリケトンの重合終了時に、メタノールによる洗浄を十分に行わず、パラジウム元素含量の高いポリケトンを得た。このポリケトンを用いて、実施例1と同様な方法で得られた平織り組織を100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での耐貫通性を評価した。また、平織り組織を作成するのに用いた繊維についても、100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での強度、弾性率を評価した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0025】
【比較例4】
比較例3と同様な方法で得たポリケトンを用いて、2%の硫酸水溶液による洗浄を行わなかった以外は実施例1と同様な方法でパラジウム元素含量、および亜鉛元素含量の高い平織り組織を得た。この平織り組織を100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での耐貫通性を評価した。また、平織り組織を作成するのに用いた繊維についても、100℃の熱風乾燥機中で1 0日間熱処理する前後での強度、弾性率を評価した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0026】
【表2】
【0027】
【発明の効果】
これまでの防弾防刃チョッキでは使用環境の制約があったが、本発明により湿潤状態、高温でも高強度高弾性率を維持でき、且つ安価な防弾防刃チョッキを提供することが可能となった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の耐貫通性を評価するために用いた鉄錘の概略図である。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bulletproof / bladeproof vest having excellent penetration resistance and comprising a polyketone fiber having high strength and high elastic modulus.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the development of polymer chemistry and spinning technology has led to the production of high-strength, high-modulus fibers such as aramid fibers and high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibers. The high-strength, high-modulus fiber has come to be used even in the field where penetrability is required. However, the use of the high-strength and high-modulus fiber is certainly greatly improved in terms of weight reduction, but is still not always satisfactory in terms of various performances.
[0003]
Aramid fibers have high water absorption and have a problem in dimensional stability. This causes a decrease in fiber strength when wet and a change in the weave density of the fabric, leading to a decrease in penetration resistance. High molecular weight polyethylene has good dimensional stability, but its melting point is as low as 120 ° C., so that physical properties are lowered at high temperatures. For example, when it is used as a protective garment at a steelmaking site, the physical properties deteriorate due to the surrounding high temperature atmosphere, and the penetration resistance and scratch resistance cannot be exhibited. In addition to these physical properties, there is a problem that all the fibers are expensive and are not versatile.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an inexpensive bulletproof and anti-blade vest capable of maintaining a high strength and high elastic modulus even in a wet state and at a high temperature.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by using high-strength and high-modulus fibers made of polyketone. That is, the present invention uses a polyketone fiber in which 90 mol% or more of repeating units are composed of a polyketone represented by the following structural formula (1) and a palladium element content is 100 ppm or less. It is about waistcoat.
[0006]
The polyketone fiber of the present invention is composed of a polyketone in which 90 mol% or more of repeating units is represented by the following structural formula (1). A repeating unit other than the following structural formula (1), for example, one shown in the following structural formula (2) may be contained within a range of less than 10 mol%.
[0007]
R is 1-30 organic groups other than ethylene, for example, propylene, butylene, 1-phenylethylene and the like. Some or all of these hydrogen atoms may be substituted with a halogen group, an ester group, an amide group, a hydroxyl group, or an ether group. Of course, R may be two or more, for example, propylene and 1-phenylethylene may be mixed. It is preferable that 97 mol% or more of the repeating unit is a polyketone represented by the above structural formula (1) from the viewpoint that high strength and high elastic modulus can be achieved and stability at high temperature is excellent, and most preferably 100 Mol%.
[0008]
These polyketones may contain additives such as antioxidants, radical inhibitors, other polymers, matting agents, ultraviolet absorbers, flame retardants, and metal soaps as necessary.
By using the polyketone fiber, the bulletproof and blade-proof vest of the present invention can be used in a wet state and at a high temperature, and is inexpensive. The construction of the bulletproof / blade vest may be made of polyketone fiber, and the composition ratio is 10% by weight or more, preferably 50% by weight or more, more preferably 70% by weight or more, and most preferably 100% by weight. . The structure of the waistcoat may be a known one, and may be a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, a composite material thereof, a resin processed product, or a laminate, and among them, a woven fabric is preferable.
[0009]
The woven fabric referred to in the present invention includes plain weave, oblique weave, satin weave and the like. The structural mechanical properties underlying the properties of the fabric required for end use are usually inferred from both the structure and the spacing between the warp and weft yarns. In general, the plain weave structure is the most tight and the satin weave structure is Very flexible. The cover factor K referred to in the present invention is a parameter that represents the size of the interval between the yarns that can be seen from the surface of the fabric. That is, it is defined by the ratio of the warp (or weft) woven fabric density n (pieces / 2.54 cm) and the square root of the yarn count S (English cotton count),
K = n / S 1/2
Is required. When the count S is converted to decitex dtex,
K = n / (0.5906 × 10000 / dtex) 1/2
It becomes. The cover factors obtained for warp and weft are Kw and Kf, respectively, and the product Kwf is Kwf = Kw × Kf.
Asking.
[0010]
In the present invention, it is important to configure the woven fabric so that the cover factor of at least one of the warp and the weft is 5 or more and the product of the cover factor of the warp and the weft is 50 or more. If this Kwf deviates from the set value, penetration resistance will be inferior.
The warp and weft used in the woven fabric are preferably polyketone fibers as defined in the present invention, but fibers such as polyamide, polyester, polyurethane, polyethylene, polyacryl, polyvinyl alcohol and the like are used as long as the penetration resistance is not inferior. 1 or more may be mixed (for example, a combination of 556 dtex × 2 polyketone fibers and 556 dtex × 1 nylon fibers satisfying the fiber characteristics defined in the present invention). Needless to say, one or more sheets may be laminated in accordance with the purpose.
[0011]
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the performance of the polyketone fiber used by this invention, It is preferable that intensity | strength is 7 cN / dtex or more and an elasticity modulus is 88 cN / dtex or more. More preferably, the strength is 8.8 cN / dtex or more, and the elastic modulus is 132 cN / dtex or more, and most preferably, the strength is 13 cN / dtex or more, and the elastic modulus is 176 cN / dtex or more. If the strength of the fiber is less than 7 cN / dtex, when the woven fabric described above is used, the required penetration resistance may not be satisfied, which is not preferable. Further, even when the elastic modulus is less than 88 cN / dtex, the amount of fiber deformation (elongation) at the time of impact is larger than that of a high elastic modulus fiber having the same strength, and as a result, the performance required for penetration resistance is not achieved.
[0012]
The above-mentioned polyketone fiber used in the present invention can be produced by a known spinning method. Wet spinning, melt spinning, and dry spinning are possible, and wet spinning and melt spinning are preferred. Most preferred is the wet spinning method. In order to express physical properties by wet spinning, the solvents described in JP-A-2-112413, JP-A-4-228613, JP-A-4-505344, for example, hexafluoroisopropanol, m-cresol, Wet spinning using organic solvents such as chlorophenol, resorcin / water, phenol / acetone, propylene carbonate / hydroquinone, pyrrole, resorcin / propylene carbonate, pyridine, formic acid can be applied, but these solvents are expensive or toxic. However, there is a problem in industrial use, such as the need to use a coagulant with high flammability or high flammability. In addition, US Pat. No. 5,929,150 and International Patent Application No. 99/18143 disclose that, for example, a zinc salt solution or a lithium salt solution can be used as a solvent. A lithium salt solution is expensive and cannot be used industrially, but a zinc salt solution is inexpensive and enables stable wet spinning. However, when the polyketone is dissolved in a zinc salt solution, it is difficult to keep it stable for a long period of time that is industrially necessary. On the other hand, an aqueous solution of a mixed salt of zinc halide and alkali metal halide and / or alkaline earth metal halide, which is a polyketone solution discovered by the present inventors, is inexpensive and safe, and has excellent long-term stability. It is the most preferable solvent in that it is an industrial solvent. Therefore, the polyketone fiber used in the present invention is most preferably produced by a wet spinning method using an aqueous solution of a mixed salt of zinc halide, zinc halide and alkali metal halide and / or alkaline earth metal halide as a solvent. Preferably, the method can be done according to International Patent Application No. 99/04235.
[0013]
The fiber obtained as described above contains palladium used as a polymerization catalyst. The amount of elemental palladium is preferably 100 ppm or less, more preferably 10 ppm or less. The method for reducing the amount of palladium is not particularly limited, but may be washed 1 to 20 times using a polymerization solvent at the end of the polymerization of the polyketone. Further, the zinc element used as the spinning solvent remains, and the content thereof is preferably 10,000 ppm or less. More preferably, it is 3000 ppm or less. If these elements remain in the wet state and continue to be used at a high temperature for a long period of time, the bulletproof and blade-proof properties are deteriorated. Therefore, it is necessary to perform the washing after sufficient washing at the time of spinning.
As the melt spinning method, for example, the method disclosed in JP-A-1-124617 can be applied as it is.
[0014]
【Example】
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The measurement method of each measurement value used in the description of the examples is as follows.
(1) Intrinsic viscosity Intrinsic viscosity [η] was determined based on the following defining formula.
“T” and “T” in the definition formula are the flow time of a viscosity tube at 25 ° C. of a dilute solution of hexaisopropanol having a purity of 98% or more and a polyketone dissolved in the hexafluoroisopropanol. C is the solute weight value in grams in 100 ml.
[0015]
(2) Strength, strength, elongation, and elastic modulus of fiber Measured according to JIS-L-1013.
(3) Penetration resistance In the penetration resistance test, the front and back surfaces of the woven fabric sheet were narrowed with a 1 mm thick polyethylene sheet and hot pressed at 150 ° C.
The evaluation of penetration resistance was carried out by dropping an iron weight having a weight of 270 g shown in FIG. 1 from a height of 1.7 m, and determining that there was no abnormality as ◯ and the penetration as x.
(4) Amounts of elements of palladium and zinc Measured by high-frequency plasma emission spectrometry using a known method.
[0016]
[Example 1]
8% by weight of poly (3-oxotrimethylene) (polyketone represented by the above structural formula (1)) having an intrinsic viscosity of 5.6 in an aqueous solution of zinc chloride / sodium chloride / water (65/10/25% by weight) Dissolved to a concentration. This dope was extruded into a coagulation bath through an air gap length of 10 mm at a discharge linear velocity of 6.3 m / min from a nozzle having 200 holes and a hole diameter of 0.2 mm. The coagulation bath length was 1.2 m and it was filled only with water. Next, after passing through a 2 m washing bath containing a 2% sulfuric acid aqueous solution and passing through a Nelson roll to which water was continuously sprayed, drying was performed at a constant length of 240 ° C. Thereafter, using a stretching machine equipped with a hot plate between two feed rolls, the first stage stretching at 240 ° C., the second stage stretching at 255 ° C., the third stage stretching at 265 ° C., and then winding I took it.
The physical properties of the obtained polyketone fiber were as follows.
[0017]
Intensity = 13.9 cN / dtex
Elongation = 5.2%
Elastic modulus = 306 cN / dtex
By using this polyketone fiber, a plain weave structure with warp 1667 dtex, weft 556 dtex, warp density 40 / inch, weft density 25 / inch, cover factor Kw = 21.2, Kf = 7.7, Kwf = 163 Got. Table 1 shows the results of the penetration resistance test, the palladium (Pd) element content, and the zinc (Zn) element content of this structure.
[0018]
[Example 2]
Using the same thread as in Example 1, the warp is 1667 dtex, the weft is 556 dtex, the weave structure is 25 warp / inch, the weft density is 25 / inch, the cover factor Kw = 13.3, Kf = 7.7, Kwf = 102 plain weave texture was obtained. Table 1 shows the results of the penetration resistance test, the palladium (Pd) element content, and the zinc (Zn) element content of this structure.
[0019]
[Example 3]
Using the same yarn as in Example 1, the warp is 1667 dtex, the weft is 1667 dtex, the weave structure is a warp density of 13 / inch, the weft density is 32 / inch, the cover factor is Kw = 6.9, Kf = 17.0, Kwf = 117 A plain weave structure was obtained. Table 1 shows the results of the penetration resistance test, the palladium (Pd) element content, and the zinc (Zn) element content of this structure.
[0020]
[Comparative Example 1]
Using the same thread as in Example 1, the warp is 1667 dtex, the weft is 1667 dtex, the weave structure is 8 warps / inch, the weft density is 32 / inch, the cover factor is Kw = 4.2, Kf = 17.0, Kwf = 71 plain weave texture was obtained. Table 1 shows the results of the penetration resistance test, the palladium (Pd) element content, and the zinc (Zn) element content of this structure.
[0021]
[Comparative Example 2]
Spinning was performed in the same manner as in Example 1, and stretching was limited to the first stage. The physical properties of the resulting polyketone fiber were as follows.
Strength = 6.6 cN / dtex
Elongation = 7.2%
Elastic modulus = 86 cN / dtex
By using this polyketone fiber, a plain weave structure with warp 1667 dtex, weft 556 dtex, warp density 40 / inch, weft density 25 / inch, cover factor Kw = 21.2, Kf = 7.7, Kwf = 163 Got. Table 1 shows the results of the penetration resistance test, the palladium (Pd) element content, and the zinc (Zn) element content of this structure.
[0022]
[Table 1]
[0023]
[Example 4]
Using the plain weave structure obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, penetration resistance before and after heat treatment for 10 days in a hot air dryer at 100 ° C. was evaluated. In addition, the strength and elastic modulus of the fibers used for preparing the plain weave structure were evaluated before and after heat treatment for 10 days in a 100 ° C. hot air dryer. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0024]
[Comparative Example 3]
At the end of the polymerization of the polyketone, washing with methanol was not sufficiently performed to obtain a polyketone having a high palladium element content. Using this polyketone, the penetration resistance before and after the plain weave structure obtained by the same method as in Example 1 was heat-treated in a hot air dryer at 100 ° C. for 10 days was evaluated. In addition, the strength and elastic modulus of the fibers used for preparing the plain weave structure were evaluated before and after heat treatment for 10 days in a 100 ° C. hot air dryer. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0025]
[Comparative Example 4]
A plain weave structure having a high elemental palladium content and a high elemental zinc content was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polyketone obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 3 was not used for washing with a 2% sulfuric acid aqueous solution. It was. This plain weave structure was evaluated for penetration resistance before and after heat treatment for 10 days in a 100 ° C. hot air dryer. In addition, the strength and elastic modulus of the fibers used for preparing the plain weave structure were evaluated before and after heat treatment for 10 days in a 100 ° C. hot air dryer. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0026]
[Table 2]
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The conventional bulletproof / blade vest has restrictions on the use environment, but according to the present invention, it is possible to maintain a high strength and high elastic modulus even in a wet state and at a high temperature, and to provide an inexpensive bulletproof / blade vest. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an iron weight used for evaluating penetration resistance of the present invention.
Claims (3)
A bulletproof and anti-blade vest characterized by using polyketone fibers in which 90 mol% or more of the repeating units are composed of a polyketone represented by the following structural formula (1) and the palladium element content is 100 ppm or less .
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP36127299A JP4330741B2 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 1999-12-20 | Bulletproof and blade-proof vest made of polyketone fiber |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP36127299A JP4330741B2 (en) | 1999-12-20 | 1999-12-20 | Bulletproof and blade-proof vest made of polyketone fiber |
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| JP4330741B2 true JP4330741B2 (en) | 2009-09-16 |
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| JP2008144297A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-26 | Asahi Kasei Fibers Corp | Sewn glove |
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-
1999
- 1999-12-20 JP JP36127299A patent/JP4330741B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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