JP4332985B2 - Steel truss - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a steel truss using a steel truss shape member suitable for a roof frame of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a roof frame made of thin steel plate shaped steel members, with a C-shaped cross section, the outer shape of the web is substantially the same as the long side dimension of the cross section of the wooden two-by-four material, In the cross section, the roof truss of the steel framed wall construction building is used, which is composed of a steel member with the same dimension in the web as the long side dimension of the wooden two-by-four lumber cross section, and one side of the long side opened. Yes. This truss generally consists of upper chord material, lower chord material, and lattice material made of shaped steel members with a C-shaped cross section, and (1) web surfaces are back-to-back and screwed directly, (2) web surfaces are aligned, It is configured by either screw-joining via a gusset plate or (3) cutting out and overlapping the flange portion of the shaped steel member and screw-joining. Because the steel member with a U-shaped cross section uses a C-shaped cross section as a truss member, that is, an open cross-section steel material, when a box-shaped closed cross section is formed at the opening side where a fixing hardware or the like is attached to the wall member Used as a cover material.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The roof truss is lighter and stronger than wooden trusses, and is thinner than steel trusses used in steel prefabricated houses, and is assembled with screws rather than bolts or welds. There are advantages such as easy processing and joining.
[0004]
However, the above method (1) has an advantage that a joining member such as a gusset plate is not necessary, but since the shape steel members are joined back to back, the width of the constructed truss is set to be higher than the flange height of the truss member. The above method (2) has the disadvantage that the transportation efficiency is lowered, and the method (2) above increases the cost and labor of attaching the gusset plate and increasing the number of screws. However, there is a problem that it takes time to cut off the flange.
[0005]
Moreover, since a steel material having a C-shaped cross section, that is, an open cross section, is used as the truss member, the members are joined by driving a number of screws into the web portion. The truss configured in this way has a drawback that it is difficult to attach the truss fixing hardware because there are many screw heads at the joint, and further, it is possible to attach the truss fixing hardware etc. to the open section side as it is. There is a problem that cannot be done. Therefore, a method is adopted in which a box-shaped closed section is formed by combining a U-shaped cross-section steel member as a cover material on a portion where a fixing hardware etc. for fixing to a wall member is attached, and a hardware is attached to the side of the U-shaped section steel member. However, this increases the number of members and labor.
[0006]
In addition, when a method of joining the flanges by using a steel member having a U-shaped cross-section with one long side opened as described above, the flange size is the short side size of the wooden material. For this reason, there is a case where a large amount of overlap of the flange cannot be obtained, that is, the area of the joint portion becomes small, and the number of screws necessary for the structural strength cannot be hit. Even when the truss shape is configured, the cross-sectional performance is small due to the small cross-sectional height of the member, which is disadvantageous in terms of structural strength. Therefore, in order to ensure the necessary cross-sectional performance, measures such as increasing the plate thickness and increasing the number of lattice materials must be taken, which is disadvantageous in terms of processing and cost, such as an increase in weight and the number of members. .
[0007]
An object of the present invention is to provide a steel truss structure using a shape steel member that can be easily joined and is suitable for a roof frame of a building. Yes.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve such an object, the present invention has the following configuration.
1. A cross-section is a truss using a structural steel member configured in a substantially U shape by a short-side web and a long-side flange, and the truss upper chord material has the opening side of the structural steel member facing downward The truss lower chord material is made with the opening side of the shape steel member facing upward, and at least one of the joint portions of the shape steel members constituting the upper chord material and the lower chord material has a short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape. A part of a house wood material that is substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the member is fitted between the flanges of the double-shaped steel members to be joined, and the house wood material and the flange of the fitting part are joined. A steel truss characterized by being.
2. A cross-section is a truss using a structural steel member configured in a substantially U shape by a short-side web and a long-side flange, and the truss upper chord material has the opening side of the structural steel member facing downward The truss lower chord material is made with the opening side of the shape steel member facing upward, and the truss diagonal material or the truss bundle material has the short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the shape steel member. A steel truss made of wooden material for residential use.
3. 3. The steel truss according to 1 or 2, wherein the truss top portion has a structure in which flanges of shaped steel members constituting left and right upper chord members are overlapped and the overlapped portions are joined.
4). The steel product according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the truss end portion has a structure in which flanges of shaped steel members constituting the upper chord member and the lower chord member are overlapped and the overlapped portion is joined. truss.
5). 2. The steel product according to 1, wherein the truss diagonal member or the truss bundle member is made of a wooden material for housing whose short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape is substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the shaped steel member. truss.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the following, embodiments of the present invention are shown and described.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a shaped steel member for truss according to the present invention.
[0010]
This shaped steel member has a substantially U-shaped cross section with a short side web 1 and long side flanges 2a and 2b. As the steel material, for example, a galvanized steel sheet having a thickness of about 1.0 mm, Zinc-aluminum alloy-plated steel sheet or pre-coated steel sheet is formed and processed, and the steel material strength is at least 340N or more, preferably 400N class.
[0011]
An example of the cross-sectional dimension of this shaped steel member is the web internal dimension w = 38 mm and the flange internal dimension h = 89 mm, which are equal to the cross-sectional external dimensions of 204 materials of wooden two-by-four lumber. As shown in FIG. Moreover, what corresponds to arbitrary wooden materials, such as 206 materials and 208 materials, can also be implemented.
[0012]
2-5 has shown one Embodiment of the steel truss of this invention using said shape steel member, FIG. 2 is a front view, FIG. 3 is sectional drawing which follows the III-III line of FIG. 4 is a top view,
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, this steel truss is composed of two upper chord members 3a and 3b and a lower chord member 4, and the dimensions thereof are, for example, a span of 2.7 m and a height of 0.81 m. Further, the upper chord members 3a and 3b are respectively extended by, for example, 0.5 m from the joint portion between the upper chord members 3a and 3b and the lower chord member 4 to constitute an eave.
[0013]
In assembling the truss, as shown in FIG. 3, the upper chord members 3a and 3b are arranged with the opening side of the shape steel member facing downward, and the lower chord material 4 is arranged with the opening side of the shape steel member facing upward.
[0014]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, the truss top is overlapped with the flanges of the shape steel members constituting the left and right upper chord members 3 a and 3 b, and this overlapping portion is, for example, a tapping screw 5 having a nominal diameter of 4.2 mm. Bonded using books one by one. Thus, it becomes possible to hit the required number of screws by overlapping and joining the flanges, and the notch of the shape steel member and the gusset plate become unnecessary.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 5, the truss end portion is overlapped with the flanges of the shape steel members constituting the upper chord member 3a or 3b and the lower chord member 4, and the tapping screw 5 is also provided in three pieces. Used to join. By configuring in this way, the assembled truss has a box-shaped cross section at the joint with the wall, so there is no need for a cover material for mounting hardware, reducing the processing effort and the number of parts. This makes it possible to streamline construction and supply truss at a lower cost than in the past.
[0016]
The truss assembled as described above is arranged with a truss member core and a wall vertical frame core aligned on a separately assembled wall, and the wall upper frame and the flange surface of the truss member are, for example, an angle hardware (L-89 plate). It is installed by fixing with a tapping screw through a thickness of 1.0 mm. In addition, the eaves part and the wall are fastened together with a clamp and the attachment is completed.
[0017]
In addition, when combining shaped steel members that have an opening on the long side as in the past, a closed cross-section is configured by hitting a screw on the short side part.For example, if it is used for a ceiling joist, The screw head may interfere with the placement. Also, when attaching the ceiling surface material, the screw head interferes and is difficult to use. On the other hand, in the steel truss of the present invention, as described above, the opening on the short side faces each other, the flange on the long side is overlapped to form a closed cross section, and the cross-sectional performance as a bending material is It is used in the direction in which the flange with a long long side is vertical. Therefore, since the screw head is located on the side surface, there is an advantage that it does not become an obstacle to use.
[0018]
6 and 7 show another embodiment of the steel truss according to the present invention. FIG. 6 is a front view, and FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VII-VII in FIG.
When joining shaped steel members in a conventional steel truss, a gusset plate made of a flat plate is usually used. In the case of a shaped steel member with a long side opening in the cross section as used in the past, a gusset plate is attached to the web part and screwed, or a gusset plate is fitted into the shaped steel member and screwed. Since the out-of-plane rigidity is weak and the stress point is deviated from the center of gravity, twisting is likely to occur. Such a problem can be improved to some extent by making the gusset plate a more rigid member, but the steel plate becomes thicker and the number of mounting screws also increases, so the weight increases and the construction efficiency is remarkably increased. descend.
[0019]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the joint portion between the upper chord member 3 a or 3 b of the truss and the lower chord member 4 using the shaped steel member of the present invention is set to the in-web dimension of the shaped steel member. When both ends of an existing wooden material 6 having substantially the same short cross-sectional dimension are fitted inside the double-shaped steel member to be joined and joined from the outside with a tapping screw 5 or a nail 5a, the workability In addition, it is possible to obtain a highly rigid joint that is less likely to twist.
[0020]
As an example of dimensions, when the cross-section dimension of the shaped steel member is 89 mm long and 38 mm short, the cross-sectional outer dimensions of the wooden material 6 are 89 mm long and 38 mm short, and the length is 250 mm. This length varies depending on the required strength of the joint. By configuring the joint portion in this manner, it is possible to easily increase the bending, shearing, and buckling strength of the joint portion.
[0021]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8A, it is also possible to fit the wooden material 6 into the eaves portion of the truss. Since this form replaces the part which becomes a thermal bridge like the eaves from a steel material with wood having a large heat conduction resistance, it is possible to reduce the heat loss at the joint between the truss and the wall. Wooden eaves may be installed on site. In this case, since the size of the truss to be carried into the site can be reduced, there is also an advantage that the transportation efficiency is improved.
[0022]
Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the upper and lower chord material joining wood material 6 and the eaves wood material 6 of FIG. 8 (a) are integrated, and one end of one wood material 6 is connected to the upper chord material 3a. It is also possible to take an embodiment in which the center portion of the wooden material 6 is fitted and fixed between the end flanges of the lower chord material 4 by being fitted and fixed between the end flanges.
[0023]
FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steel truss according to the present invention.
Here, as an example, the case where the truss span is 3.6 m and diagonal members are attached to the truss is shown. The diagonal material is a wooden two-by-four lumber with a cross-sectional outer dimension of 89 mm long side and 38 mm short side. Both ends of the diagonal member are fitted into the inner side of the upper chord member 3a or 3b and the inner side of the lower chord member 4, and are joined by a tapping screw 5 or a nail 5a.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 10, when attaching the wooden material 6 as a bundle material to the center of the truss, the overlapping portion is cut off vertically without overlapping the flanges of the upper chord materials 3a and 3b at the top of the truss. Match. A wooden material 6 is fitted into the part and joined with a tapping screw 5 or a nail 5a. If configured in this way, the truss can be easily configured without using a truss assembly auxiliary member such as a gusset plate, the number of parts can be reduced, and the construction can be rationalized. Supply becomes possible.
[0025]
In addition, the plate thickness of the truss member and the size of the truss described above are not limited to this, and can be designed as needed depending on the scale of the building or the load condition, but the plate thickness of the shape steel member is 0.5 mm to A thickness of about 1.6 mm is a desirable form because construction is easy.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained. By configuring the shape of the shaped steel member as described above , the processing of the joining portion of the steel truss or the joining part is not necessary, and the cost and labor can be reduced.
[0027]
Since the assembled steel truss has a box-shaped cross section at the wall, there is no need for a cover material for attaching hardware. In addition, since nails and screws can be driven from both outer surfaces of the shaped steel member, the number of nails or screws driven into one surface can be reduced, making it difficult to interfere with hardware used for joining to the wall, improving workability. There is an effect to.
[0028]
Furthermore, since the internal dimensions of the shaped steel members are almost the same as the external dimensions of wooden materials (for example, wooden two-by-four materials), it is possible to use wooden materials for diagonal materials and bundle materials that are also used as joint members. Since the steel truss is assembled in the steel member, the thickness of the assembled steel truss is within the thickness of the shaped steel member, and the transportation efficiency is improved. Moreover, when a wooden material is fitted in the eaves, the effect of reducing the thermal bridge is high.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment of a shaped steel member of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a front view showing an embodiment of a steel truss according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross section taken along line III-III in FIG. 4 is a top view of the steel truss in FIG. 2. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 2. FIG. 6 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steel truss of the present invention. 7 is a sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6. FIG. 8 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steel truss of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steel truss of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a front view showing another embodiment of the steel truss according to the present invention.
1 Web 2a Flange 2b Flange 3a Upper chord material 3b Upper chord material 4 Lower chord material 5 Tapping screw 5a Nail 6 Wooden material

Claims (5)

A cross-section is a truss using a structural steel member configured in a substantially U shape by a short-side web and a long-side flange, and the truss upper chord material has the opening side of the structural steel member facing downward The truss lower chord material is made with the opening side of the shape steel member facing upward, and at least one of the joint portions of the shape steel members constituting the upper chord material and the lower chord material has a short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape. A part of a house wood material that is substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the member is fitted between the flanges of the double-shaped steel members to be joined, and the house wood material and the flange of the fitting part are joined. A steel truss characterized by being. A cross-section is a truss using a structural steel member configured in a substantially U shape by a short-side web and a long-side flange, and the truss upper chord material has the opening side of the structural steel member facing downward The truss lower chord material is made with the opening side of the shape steel member facing upward, and the truss diagonal material or the truss bundle material has the short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the shape steel member. A steel truss made of wooden material for residential use. The steel truss according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the truss top portion has a structure in which flanges of shaped steel members constituting left and right upper chord members are overlapped and the overlapped portions are joined. 4. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the truss end portion has a structure in which flanges of shape steel members constituting the upper chord material and the lower chord material are overlapped and the overlapped portions are joined. 5. Steel truss. 2. The truss diagonal member or the truss bundle member is composed of a wooden material for housing whose short side dimension of the cross-sectional shape is substantially the same as the internal dimension of the web of the shaped steel member. Steel truss.

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