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JP4336875B2 - Gel composition - Google Patents
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JP4336875B2 - Gel composition - Google Patents

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JP4336875B2
JP4336875B2 JP2002572823A JP2002572823A JP4336875B2 JP 4336875 B2 JP4336875 B2 JP 4336875B2 JP 2002572823 A JP2002572823 A JP 2002572823A JP 2002572823 A JP2002572823 A JP 2002572823A JP 4336875 B2 JP4336875 B2 JP 4336875B2
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gel
examples
carrageenan
gel composition
pullulan
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JPWO2002074100A1 (en
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亨 中村
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Taisho Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23LFOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PREPARATION OR TREATMENT THEREOF
    • A23L29/00Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L29/20Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents
    • A23L29/269Foods or foodstuffs containing additives; Preparation or treatment thereof containing gelling or thickening agents of microbial origin, e.g. xanthan or dextran
    • A23L29/274Pullulan

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Description

技術分野
本発明はゲル組成物に関する。詳しくは離水しにくく保存安定性に優れ、医薬品や医薬部外品、および食品に好適なゲル組成物に関する。
背景技術
従来、ゲル組成物を調製するために、ゲル化剤としてゼラチン、カラギーナン、寒天、ペクチン、キサンタンガム、マンナン等の多糖類が汎用されている。
しかし、これらの多糖類の形成するゲル組成物は離水が生じ易く、商品としての価値が低下するばかりでなく、ゲル組成物中に有効成分を保持できないなどの問題があった。例えば、離水を防止する手段として、ポリアクリル酸を添加する方法(特開平9−187233号)やローカストビーンガムを添加する方法(フレグランスジャーナル46,64(1981))が知られている。しかし、ポリアクリル酸はある種の塩基性の薬物と複合体を形成してその溶出を妨げたり、多価カチオンや多量の糖またはポリオールの添加により沈殿するという問題があり、ローカストビーンガムの添加はカラギーナンをゲル化剤に用いた場合ゲルが硬くなり、内服用として使用する場合は、服用性が低下するという問題がある。この問題は嚥下能力の低下した老人にとって重要である。
本発明は上記観点から、ゲルが硬くなったり、多価カチオンと反応して沈殿したりすること無く、離水が起きにくいゲル組成物を提供することを課題とする。
発明の開示
本発明者は上記課題を解決するため研究を重ねた結果、多糖類をゲル化剤とするゲルにプルランを配合することにより、多価カチオンにより沈殿したり、ゲルが硬くなったりすることが無く、離水が防止されたゲル組成物が得られることを見出し本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明は多糖類のゲル化剤とプルランを含有するゲル組成物で、本発明に用いる多糖類のゲル化剤はゲル化剤として通常用いられるものであれば、特に制限なく用いることができるが、カラギーナン、ゼラチン、寒天、ペクチン、キサンタンガム、マンナン等があげられる。これら多糖類を1種類、あるいは2種類以上組み合わせることも可能である。その中でカラギーナンが好ましく、このうち、κカラギーナンおよびιカラギーナンがさらに好ましい。
また、多糖類の配合量は、ゲル組成物全重量に対して通常0.3〜5重量%であり、好ましくは0.5〜3重量%、さらに好ましくは、1〜3重量%である。ゲル化剤である多糖類とプルランの配合比は通常1:0.5〜1:3が好ましく、1:1.5がより好ましい。プルランの配合比がこれより少ない場合は離水を防ぐことができず、反対に多い場合はやわらかくなって食感が悪くなる。本発明に用いるプルランとは、Aureobasidium pullulansを培養するとき、菌体外に生産される中性単純多糖で、α−1,4結合による3個のグルコースよりなるマルトトリオースがα−1,6結合で繰り返し鎖状に結合した物であり、医薬品の結合剤やコーティング剤等として用いられている。このプルランは、通常用いられるものを、特に制限なく用いることができる。
本発明のゲル組成物は上記成分以外に、本発明の効果を損なわない範囲で通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に配合される成分を使用することができる。
この様な成分としては、薬効を示す有効成分、分散媒、甘味剤、安定化剤、防腐剤、pH調整剤、乳化剤、溶解補助剤、着色剤、芳香剤等が挙げられる。
薬効を示す有効成分としては、通常経口投与される医薬品の有効成分であれば特に制限されずに使用することができる。例えば、アセトアミノフェン、イブプロフェン、ロキソプロフェンおよびその塩、塩酸ブロムヘキシン、グアイフェネシン、グアヤコールスルホン酸塩およびその誘導体、塩化リゾチーム、リン酸ジヒドロコデイン、ノスカピン、デキストロメトルファンおよびその塩、塩酸メチルエフェドリン、プソイドエフェドリン及びその塩、マレイン酸カルビノキサミン、カフェイン、アスコルビン酸、ビタミンB群およびその誘導体、ピコスルファートナトリウム、ジクロフェナックナトリウム、オキサプロジン、ソファルコン、ドンペリドン、ファモチジン、シメチジン、酪酸リボフラビン、テルフェナジン、タウリン、アミラーゼ、葛根湯エキス、メトキシフェナミンおよびその塩、キキョウエキス、カンゾウエキス、バンコマイシン、シクロスポリン、塩酸ロペラミド、スポコラミンおよびその塩、塩酸メクリジン、マレイン酸クロルフェニラミン、エテンザミド、塩酸フェニルプロパノールアミン、コレスチラミン、塩酸フェニレフリン、ブロムワレリル尿素、ベラドンナ総アルカロイド、制酸剤、健胃生薬、塩酸ジサイクロミン、ゴシュユ流エキス、ケイヒエキス、ウイキョウエキス、ウヤクエキス、ブロメライン、カルバゾクロム、ユビデカレノン、ポリエンホスファチジルコリン、ソイステロール、ヘプロニカート、酢酸トコフェロール、ゴオウ等である。
分散媒としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる分散媒、例えば、水、アルコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリンおよびこれらの混合液が挙げられる。
甘味剤としては、通常ゲル組成物に用いられる甘味剤、例えば、砂糖、D−ソルビトール、トレハロース、キシリトール、D−マンニトール、マルチトール、ステビオシド、サッカリンナトリウム等が挙げられる。
安定化剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる安定化剤、例えばEDTA−2Na、BHT、亜硫酸ナトリウム、エリソルビン酸、ヒドロキシプロピルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、没食子酸プロピル等が挙げられる。
防腐剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる防腐剤、例えば、安息香酸およびその塩、ソルビン酸およびその塩、パラベン類、デヒドロ酢酸等が挙げられる。
pH調整剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられるpH調整剤、例えば、クエン酸およびその塩、酒石酸およびその塩、塩酸、水酸化ナトリウム、アンモニア水、炭酸ナトリウム、乳酸およびその塩、リン酸およびその塩、リンゴ酸およびその塩、グリシン等が挙げられる。
乳化剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる乳化剤、例えばポリオキシエチレンソルビタン脂肪酸エステル、蔗糖脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレン脂肪酸エステル、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ポリオキシエチレンポリオキシプロピレンブロックポリマー、ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル等が挙げられる。
溶解補助剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる溶解補助剤、例えば、ポリエチレングリコール、食用油、脂肪酸トリグリセリド等が挙げられる。
芳香剤としては、通常医薬品、医薬部外品および食品に用いられる芳香剤、例えば、メントール類および各種フレーバー、また精油等が挙げられる。
次に、本発明のゲル組成物を調製する方法であるが、従来公知のゲル調整方法と類似の方法で調製することが可能である。すなわち、上記配合成分のうち、その配合量と使用する分散媒に対する溶解度から考察して溶解するものを予め、加温などの適当な方法で適量の分散媒に溶解し、次に多糖類のゲル化剤およびプルランを加え均一に分散した後、加熱して溶解させる。また添加する成分のうち高温に曝すのが好ましくない物については、ゲル化点より高い適当な温度に冷却した後、この成分を分散または溶解し、最後にこの液体を適当な容器に充填し、通常、常温で1〜2時間冷却することにより本発明のゲル組成物が得られる。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
以下、実施例、比較例、試験例を挙げて本発明を詳細に説明する。
実施例1
ピコスルファートナトリウム0.03g、クエン酸ナトリウム0.1g、プロピルパラベン0.01g、ブチルパラベン0.0067g、安息香酸ナトリウム0.3g、ソルビトール56.5g、グリセリン16.5gを精製水20gに加え、50〜70℃に加温して溶解した。
これに、κ−カラギーナン0.57g、ι−カラギーナン0.57gとプルラン1gを混合した粉体を加え、十分分散した後70〜80℃に加熱して溶解し、さらにクエン酸を適量加えてpH5に調整した後、所定の容器に充填し、30℃以下に冷却成形固化して目的の内服ゲルを得た。
実施例2〜4及び比較例1〜2
表1に示す成分について実施例1と同様の方法で内服ゲルを調製した。
実施例5
ピコスルファートナトリウム0.03g、クエン酸ナトリウム0.1g、プロピルパラベン0.01g、ブチルパラベン0.0067g、安息香酸ナトリウム0.3g、グリセリン15gを精製水20gに加え、50〜70℃に加温して溶解した。
これに、κ−カラギーナン0.57g、ι−カラギーナン0.57g、プルラン1gと砂糖20gを混合した粉体を加え、十分分散した後70〜80℃に加熱して溶解し、さらにクエン酸を適量加えてpH5に調整した後、所定の容器に充填し、30℃以下に冷却成形固化して目的の内服ゲルを得た。
実施例6
実施例5と同様の方法で調製した。

Figure 0004336875
試験例
(試験方法:離水の測定方法)
渡辺らの測定方法を参照した(日本調理科学会誌28,(2)84〜90(1995))。調製したゲルを25℃の高温槽に1日保存した後、容器に入ったままの重量を測定し、これをW1とする。次にゲルを容器から取り出しすばやくゲル表面と容器内壁に付着している離水した液体を紙で拭き取る。ついでこのゲルの重量を測定しこれをW2とする。更にこれを先の容器に戻して重量を測定しこれをW3として、以下の式により算出されたものを離水率とした。
離水率(wt%)=100×(W1−W3)/(W1+W2−W3)
(試験方法:ゲル強度)
内径30mm、深さ25mmの円筒形の容器に充填して調製したゲルを25℃に1日保存した後、このゲルを、直径5mmの円筒形プランジャーで毎分2cmの速度で圧縮し、ゲルが破断した時の応力をレオメータ(FUDO RHEO METER RT−2100NJ−CW(RHEOTECH))により測定し、ゲル強度とした。
(試験結果)
実施例1ないし3の離水率と比較例1、2の離水率を表2及び図1に、ゲル強度を表2及び図2に示した。比較例1は、利水率が大きくなる。また、比較例2は利水率は低いものの、ゲルが硬くなってしまう。これに対し、実施例1ないし3は、ゲルも硬くならずに著しく離水が抑制された。
Figure 0004336875
産業上の利用可能性
上記方法により得られたゲル組成物は、多価カチオンにより沈殿したり、ゲルが硬くなったりすることがなく、離水が防止されたゲル組成物を得ることが出来る。
【図面の簡単な説明】
図1は実施例1ないし3、および比較例1、2で作成したゲル組成物の離水率を示した図である。
図2実施例1ないし3、および比較例1、2で作成したゲル組成物のゲル強度を示した図である。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to gel compositions. More particularly, the present invention relates to a gel composition that is difficult to release water, has excellent storage stability, and is suitable for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, and foods.
BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, in order to prepare gel compositions, polysaccharides such as gelatin, carrageenan, agar, pectin, xanthan gum and mannan have been widely used as gelling agents.
However, the gel composition formed by these polysaccharides is prone to water separation and has a problem that not only the value as a product is lowered but also the active ingredient cannot be retained in the gel composition. For example, as means for preventing water separation, a method of adding polyacrylic acid (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-187233) and a method of adding locust bean gum (fragrance journals 46 and 64 (1981)) are known. However, there is a problem that polyacrylic acid forms a complex with a certain basic drug and prevents its elution, or precipitates due to the addition of a polyvalent cation, a large amount of sugar or polyol, and the addition of locust bean gum Has a problem that when carrageenan is used as a gelling agent, the gel becomes hard, and when it is used for internal use, the ingestion is reduced. This problem is important for elderly people with reduced swallowing ability.
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a gel composition in which water separation is unlikely to occur without the gel becoming hard or reacting with a polyvalent cation to precipitate.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION As a result of repeated researches to solve the above problems, the present inventor precipitates polyvalent cations or hardens the gel by adding pullulan to a gel containing a polysaccharide as a gelling agent. The present invention was completed by finding that a gel composition having no water separation was obtained.
That is, the present invention is a gel composition containing a polysaccharide gelling agent and pullulan, and the polysaccharide gelling agent used in the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is normally used as a gelling agent. Examples thereof include carrageenan, gelatin, agar, pectin, xanthan gum, mannan and the like. These polysaccharides can be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among them, carrageenan is preferable, and among them, κ carrageenan and ι carrageenan are more preferable.
Moreover, the compounding quantity of polysaccharide is 0.3-5 weight% normally with respect to the gel composition total weight, Preferably it is 0.5-3 weight%, More preferably, it is 1-3 weight%. The compounding ratio between the polysaccharide, which is a gelling agent, and pullulan is usually preferably 1: 0.5 to 1: 3, more preferably 1: 1.5. When the blending ratio of the pullulan is less than this, water separation cannot be prevented, and when the blending ratio is large, the texture becomes soft and the texture becomes worse. The pullulan used in the present invention is a neutral simple polysaccharide produced outside the cell when culturing Aureobasidium pullulans, and maltotriose composed of three glucoses by α-1,4 bonds is α-1,6. It is a product that is repeatedly bonded in the form of a chain, and is used as a pharmaceutical binder or coating agent. As this pullulan, those usually used can be used without particular limitation.
In addition to the above components, the gel composition of the present invention can use components that are usually blended in pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, and foods as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
Examples of such components include active ingredients that exhibit medicinal effects, dispersion media, sweeteners, stabilizers, preservatives, pH adjusters, emulsifiers, solubilizers, colorants, and fragrances.
As an active ingredient which shows a medicinal effect, if it is the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical normally administered orally, it can be used without a restriction | limiting in particular. For example, acetaminophen, ibuprofen, loxoprofen and its salts, bromhexine hydrochloride, guaifenesin, guaiacol sulfonate and its derivatives, lysozyme chloride, dihydrocodeine phosphate, noscapine, dextromethorphan and its salts, methylephedrine hydrochloride, pseudoephedrine and its salts , Carbinoxamine maleate, caffeine, ascorbic acid, vitamin B group and derivatives thereof, picosulfate sodium, diclofenac sodium, oxaprozin, sofalcone, domperidone, famotidine, cimetidine, riboflavin butyrate, terfenadine, taurine, amylase, kakkonto extract , Methoxyphenamine and its salts, Kyary extract, licorice extract, vancomycin, cyclo Porin, loperamide hydrochloride, spocoramine and its salts, meclizine hydrochloride, chlorpheniramine maleate, etenzamide, phenylpropanolamine hydrochloride, cholestyramine, phenylephrine hydrochloride, bromvalerylurea, total belladonna alkaloids, antacids, healthy stomach crude drugs, dicyclomine hydrochloride, Examples include goshuyu extract, cinnamon extract, fennel extract, oyster extract, bromelain, carbazochrome, ubidecalenone, polyenephosphatidylcholine, soysterol, hepronicart, tocopherol acetate, and gourd.
Examples of the dispersion medium include dispersion media usually used for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs, and foods, such as water, alcohol, propylene glycol, glycerin, and a mixture thereof.
Examples of the sweetener include those commonly used in gel compositions, such as sugar, D-sorbitol, trehalose, xylitol, D-mannitol, maltitol, stevioside, sodium saccharin and the like.
Examples of the stabilizer include stabilizers usually used for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, such as EDTA-2Na, BHT, sodium sulfite, erythorbic acid, hydroxypropylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, propyl gallate and the like.
Examples of the preservative include preservatives usually used for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, for example, benzoic acid and its salt, sorbic acid and its salt, parabens, dehydroacetic acid and the like.
As the pH adjuster, a pH adjuster usually used in pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, for example, citric acid and its salt, tartaric acid and its salt, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, aqueous ammonia, sodium carbonate, lactic acid and its Examples thereof include salts, phosphoric acid and its salts, malic acid and its salts, glycine and the like.
As the emulsifier, an emulsifier usually used in pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, such as polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene block polymer, Examples include sorbitan fatty acid esters.
Examples of the solubilizer include solubilizers usually used for pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, such as polyethylene glycol, edible oil, fatty acid triglyceride and the like.
Examples of the fragrances include fragrances usually used in pharmaceuticals, quasi drugs and foods, such as menthols and various flavors, and essential oils.
Next, a method for preparing the gel composition of the present invention can be prepared by a method similar to a conventionally known gel preparation method. That is, among the above-described blending components, those that are dissolved in consideration of the blending amount and the solubility in the dispersion medium to be used are dissolved in an appropriate amount of the dispersion medium in advance by an appropriate method such as warming, and then the polysaccharide gel. An agent and pullulan are added and uniformly dispersed, and then heated to dissolve. For the components to be added that are not preferred to be exposed to high temperatures, after cooling to an appropriate temperature higher than the gel point, the components are dispersed or dissolved, and finally the liquid is filled into an appropriate container. Usually, the gel composition of this invention is obtained by cooling at normal temperature for 1-2 hours.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, Comparative Examples and Test Examples.
Example 1
Add 0.03 g of sodium picosulfate, 0.1 g of sodium citrate, 0.01 g of propylparaben, 0.0067 g of butylparaben, 0.3 g of sodium benzoate, 56.5 g of sorbitol, and 16.5 g of glycerin to 20 g of purified water, It melt | dissolved by heating to 50-70 degreeC.
To this was added a powder prepared by mixing 0.57 g of κ-carrageenan, 0.57 g of ι-carrageenan and 1 g of pullulan, sufficiently dispersed, dissolved by heating to 70-80 ° C., and then adding an appropriate amount of citric acid to pH 5 After adjusting to a predetermined container, it was filled into a predetermined container, cooled and solidified to 30 ° C. or lower to obtain the desired internal gel.
Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-2
An internal gel was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 for the components shown in Table 1.
Example 5
Add 0.03 g of sodium picosulfate, 0.1 g of sodium citrate, 0.01 g of propylparaben, 0.0067 g of butylparaben, 0.3 g of sodium benzoate, and 15 g of glycerin to 20 g of purified water, and warm to 50-70 ° C. And dissolved.
To this was added 0.57 g of κ-carrageenan, 0.57 g of ι-carrageenan, 1 g of pullulan and 20 g of sugar, and after sufficient dispersion, dissolved by heating to 70-80 ° C., and an appropriate amount of citric acid. In addition, after adjusting to pH 5, it was filled in a predetermined container and cooled to solidify at 30 ° C. or lower to obtain the desired internal gel.
Example 6
Prepared in the same manner as in Example 5.
Figure 0004336875
Test example (test method: measurement method of water separation)
The measuring method of Watanabe et al. Was referred to (Journal of Japanese Cooking Science 28, (2) 84-90 (1995)). After the prepared gel is stored in a high-temperature bath at 25 ° C. for one day, the weight in the container is measured, and this is defined as W1. Next, the gel is taken out of the container, and the liquid separated from the gel surface and the inner wall of the container is quickly wiped off with paper. Subsequently, the weight of this gel is measured and this is set to W2. Furthermore, this was returned to the previous container, the weight was measured, this was set to W3, and what was calculated by the following formula | equation was made into the water separation rate.
Water separation rate (wt%) = 100 × (W1-W3) / (W1 + W2-W3)
(Test method: gel strength)
The gel prepared by filling a cylindrical container with an inner diameter of 30 mm and a depth of 25 mm was stored at 25 ° C. for 1 day, and then the gel was compressed with a cylindrical plunger with a diameter of 5 mm at a speed of 2 cm / min. Was measured by a rheometer (FUDO RHEO METER RT-2100NJ-CW (RHEOTECH)) to obtain a gel strength.
(Test results)
The water separation rates of Examples 1 to 3 and the water separation rates of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are shown in Table 2 and FIG. 1, and the gel strength is shown in Table 2 and FIG. In Comparative Example 1, the water utilization rate is increased. In Comparative Example 2, although the water utilization rate is low, the gel becomes hard. On the other hand, in Examples 1 to 3, the gel was not hardened and water separation was remarkably suppressed.
Figure 0004336875
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The gel composition obtained by the above-described method can be obtained as a gel composition in which water separation is prevented without being precipitated by a polyvalent cation or the gel becoming hard.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the water separation rate of the gel compositions prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
2 is a diagram showing the gel strength of the gel composition prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.

Claims (3)

カラギーナンおよびプルランを含有することを特徴とする、薬効を示す有効成分含有ゲル医薬品A gel drug containing an active ingredient having medicinal effects, comprising carrageenan and pullulan. カラギーナンがκカラギーナンおよびιカラギーナンから選ばれる1種または2種である請求項1に記載の薬効を示す有効成分含有ゲル医薬品The active ingredient-containing gel drug according to claim 1, wherein the carrageenan is one or two selected from κ carrageenan and ι carrageenan. カラギーナンとプルランの配合比がカラギーナン1に対しプルランが1〜3である請求項1又は2に記載の薬効を示す有効成分含有ゲル医薬品The active ingredient-containing gel drug according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compounding ratio of carrageenan and pullulan is 1 to 3 with respect to carrageenan 1.
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JP2007525451A (en) * 2003-04-14 2007-09-06 エフ エム シー コーポレーション Uniform and thermoreversible alginate film delivery system
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JP5026348B2 (en) * 2008-06-09 2012-09-12 三栄源エフ・エフ・アイ株式会社 Thickener for chewing and swallowing difficulties
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