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JP4337189B2 - Assembling method of tapered roller bearing - Google Patents
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JP4337189B2 - Assembling method of tapered roller bearing - Google Patents

Assembling method of tapered roller bearing Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4337189B2
JP4337189B2 JP32314999A JP32314999A JP4337189B2 JP 4337189 B2 JP4337189 B2 JP 4337189B2 JP 32314999 A JP32314999 A JP 32314999A JP 32314999 A JP32314999 A JP 32314999A JP 4337189 B2 JP4337189 B2 JP 4337189B2
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Prior art keywords
tapered roller
small
diameter
diameter side
reference example
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JP2001140900A (en
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大助 松▲崎▼
鈴木  寛
泰 尾崎
誠 前佛
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NSK Ltd
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NSK Ltd
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C43/00Assembling bearings
    • F16C43/04Assembling rolling-contact bearings
    • F16C43/06Placing rolling bodies in cages or bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/34Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load
    • F16C19/36Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers
    • F16C19/364Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings for both radial and axial load with a single row of rollers with tapered rollers, i.e. rollers having essentially the shape of a truncated cone
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/46Cages for rollers or needles
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2240/00Specified values or numerical ranges of parameters; Relations between them
    • F16C2240/40Linear dimensions, e.g. length, radius, thickness, gap
    • F16C2240/70Diameters; Radii

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mounting Of Bearings Or Others (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、円錐ころ軸受組立方法に係り、詳しくは、保持器の寸法および形状精度の向上等を図る技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
工作機械や鉄道車両等の機械装置では、スピンドルや車軸等を回転自在に支持するべく、種々の転がり軸受が用いられている。転がり軸受は、通常、内外の軌道輪(内外輪)と、内外輪間に配設された多数の転動体と、これら転動体どうしの接触や転動体の脱落を防止する保持器とから構成されている。例えば、工作機械用の軸受装置には、ラジアル荷重とアキシャル荷重とを負担させるべく、図53に半裁縦断面視で示したような単列の円錐ころ軸受1が一般に用いられている。この円錐ころ軸受1は、外周側にテーパ状の軌道面3を有する内輪5と、内輪5を囲繞する形で配置された内周面にテーパ状の軌道面7を有する外輪9と、内輪5と外輪9との間に介装された多数個の円錐ころ11と、これら円錐ころ11を保持する保持器(例えば、鋼板製プレス形保持器)13とから構成されている。内輪5は、軌道面3の小径端側および大径端側にころの軸方向での係止を行うべく、小径側鍔15および大径側鍔17をそれぞれ有している。
【0003】
上述した円錐ころ軸受1では、保持器13の製作にあたって図54〜図60に示した工程が採られる。すなわち、図54のブランク抜き工程において図示しない素材鋼板から円盤状のブランク71が打ち抜かれ、図55の絞り工程においてブランク71からカップ形状のワーク73が成形され、図56の芯抜き工程においてワーク73の底面に芯孔75(基準孔)が穿孔され、図57のポケット抜き工程においてワーク73の外周にポケット27および柱部25が形成され、図58の内径抜き工程においてワーク73の底面に底孔77が形成され、図59の窓押し工程において柱部25の内側に円錐ころ11との当接面が形成され、図60の旋削縁切り工程においてワーク73の大径側端部が所定の寸法に整えられる。これにより、大径リング部23と小径リング部21とが多数本の柱部25により連結された保持器13が製作される。図中、符号29は小径リング部21の端部に形成されたカール部を示してある。
【0004】
ところで、上述した円錐ころ軸受1では、円錐ころ11と保持器13とを内輪5に組み付けるにあたり、円錐ころ11と小径側鍔15との干渉を避ける必要がある。そのため、保持器13を正規の形状・寸法に一旦成形した後、図61に示す底押し工程によって柱部25の小径リング部21側部分を押し拡げ、ころ内接円径Dを増大させる方法が採られている。図61中、符号79で示した部材は底押しパンチである。これにより、柱部25は、一時的に外側に突出したく字形状に曲げられるが、円錐ころ11と保持器13とを内輪5に組み付けた後には、図62に示す加締め工程によって正規形状に復元される。図62中、符号81で示した部材は加締め治具である。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の円錐ころ軸受では、柱部25が底押し工程と加締め工程とで二度にわたって塑性変形させられることに起因し、軸受性能や耐久性が低下する問題が生じていた。周知のように、プレス形の保持器13においては、円錐ころ11と摺接する柱部25の寸法や形状が最も重要である。ところが、上述した従来の製造方法では、柱部25の小径リング部21側部分に残留変形が少なからず生じると共に、その残留変形も各柱部25間で不均一になることが多い。その結果、円錐ころ11と柱部25との間で部分的なスキューが生じたり、円錐ころ11と各柱部25との摺接状態が不均一になることが避けられず、円錐ころ軸受1の円滑な回転が阻害されたり、円錐ころ11の局部的な摩耗や発熱が生起されるのである。また、従来の製造方法では、柱部25をく字形状に曲げ変形させるため、底押し工程時における大径リング部23や小径リング部21の円錐ころ11との干渉を避けるべく、図63に示したように円錐ころ11が保持されるポケット27の軸方向長さ(窓丈)Lを必要以上に大きくとる必要があった。これにより、ポケット27内での円錐ころ11の位置規制が行い難くなる他、保持器13の強度低下も余儀なくされていた。本発明は、上記状況に鑑みなされたもので、保持器の寸法および形状精度の向上等を図り、もって性能や耐久性を向上させた円錐ころ軸受の組立方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
【0007】
【0008】
【0009】
【0010】
【0011】
【0012】
【0013】
【0014】
【0015】
【0016】
【0017】
【0018】
【0019】
【0020】
【0021】
【0022】
請求項1の発明では、外周側にテーパ状の軌道面を有する内輪と、内周面にテーパ状の軌道面を有する外輪と、前記内輪と前記外輪との間に介装された多数本の円錐ころと、これら円錐ころの保持に供される多数個のポケットを有し、当該円錐ころを前記内輪と前記外輪との間で転動自在に支持するテーパ形状の金属製保持器と、前記内輪の小径側端部に形成され、その内側面が前記円錐ころの小径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の小径側鍔と、前記内輪の大径側端部に形成され、その内側面が前記円錐ころの大径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の大径側鍔とを備えた円錐ころ軸受の組立方法であって、前記金属製保持器の前記ポケットは前記円錐ころが径方向に通り抜けることができない大きさの台形状に形成されており、前記ポケットに内側から前記円錐ころを嵌入させた後に前記金属製保持器内に拡径手段を挿入して当該金属製保持器に保持された円錐ころの小径端を外側に押圧しつつ当該金属製保持器から突出した前記円錐ころを押圧手段によりポケットの大径側端面に押し付けると共に、当該金属製保持器の大径側端部を係止手段により係止することにより前記金属製保持器の小径側端部を拡径させ、該小径側端部が拡径した状態の当該金属製保持器の大径側端部から前記内輪を挿入し、当該金属製保持器に当該内輪を所定の押圧力をもって軸方向に接近させ、前記円錐ころの小径端部の外周面に前記内輪を接触させて当該金属製保持器の前記小径側端部をさらに拡径させることにより、当該円錐ころに前記小径側鍔を乗り越えさせて当該円錐ころの当該内輪への組み付けを行う工程を含むものを提案する。
本発明の組立方法では、円錐ころは、外側に押圧されると共にポケットの大径側端面に押し付けられることにより、その内接円径が大きくなり、ごく小さな押圧力で小径側鍔を乗り越えるようになる。
【0023】
【実施形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態および参考例を図面に基づき詳細に説明する。図1には実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころ軸受の一例を半裁縦断面視により示し、図2には当該円錐ころ軸受の保持器を平面視により示してある。図1に示したように、第1実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころ軸受1は、外周側にテーパ状の軌道面3を有する内輪5と、この内輪5を囲繞する形で配置されて内周側にテーパ状の軌道面7を有する外輪9と、内輪5と外輪9との間に介装された多数本の円錐ころ11と、円錐ころ11を保持する鋼板製の保持器13とから構成されている。内輪5は、円錐ころ11を軸方向に係止するべく、小径端側に内側面が円錐ころ11の小径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の小径側鍔15を有すると共に、大径端側にも内側面が円錐ころ11の大径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の大径側鍔17を有している。本実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころ軸受の場合、小径側鍔15の外周面は外端側に向けて小径となるテーパ状に形成されている。尚、小径側鍔15の外径Dfは、円錐ころ11や保持器13の脱落を防止するべく、円錐ころ11の内接円径Diに対して所定量大きく設定されている。
【0024】
保持器13は、鋼板を素材として従来装置と同様のプレス成型法で製作されており、図2に示したように、小径リング部21と大径リング部23とが多数本の柱部25により連結されている。図2中、符号27は円錐ころ11が嵌り込むポケットであり、両リング部21,23と柱部25とにより画成されている。また、保持器13は、小径リング部21の端部に従来装置のようなカール部を有しておらず、図1に示したように、その軸方向断面が単純な直線状となっている。
【0025】
さて、本実施形態では、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を組み付けるにあたり、以下のような手順が採られる。先ず、組立作業者は、保持器13の各ポケット27に内側から円錐ころ11を嵌入させた後、図3に示したように、保持器13内に拡径治具31を挿入し、各円錐ころ11の小径端を外側に押圧する。この際、保持器13は、小径リング部21にカール部が形成されていないために比較的容易に弾性変形し、小径リング部21および柱部25が円錐ころ11に押圧されることで拡径する。
【0026】
次に、組立作業者は、図4に示したように、保持器13から突出した小径側端部を押圧治具33により押圧して円錐ころ11をポケット27の大径側端面(大径リング部23の内端面)に押し付けると共に、保持器13の大径側端部を係止治具35により係止させる。これにより、円錐ころ11は、小径リング部21および柱部25の変形(拡径)により外側に移動すると同時に、ポケット27の大径側内側面(大径リング部23の内端面)に当接することになり、その内接円径Diが大きくなる。
【0027】
しかる後、組立作業者は、図5に示したように、拡径治具31の先端に内輪5を載置した後、内輪5を円錐ころ11内に進入させるべく、油圧装置等を用いて内輪5および拡径治具31を図5中下方に移動させる。すると、図6に示したように、円錐ころ11の小径側端部が内輪5の小径側鍔15に一旦当接するが、円錐ころ11の内接円径Diが大きくなっていることに、小径側鍔15が外端側に向けて小径となるテーパ状に形成されていることも相俟って、円錐ころ11が比較的容易に小径側鍔15を乗り越えて内輪5の軌道面3に嵌入する。この際、円錐ころ11が外側に移動することに伴って、保持器13の小径リング部21および柱部25が若干拡径するが、両部材は既に拡径治具31により拡径されているため、油圧装置等に要求される押圧力(組付荷重)は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。尚、円錐ころ11が内輪5の軌道面3内に嵌入した後、組立作業者が各治具31,33,35を取り外すと、図7に示したように、保持器13が元形状に弾性復帰して円錐ころ11を確実に保持するようになる。
【0028】
また、図8には、円錐ころ軸受1において、拡径治具31や押圧治具33を用いることなく、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を組み付ける第1参考例を示してある。この場合、円錐ころ11と小径側鍔15とのラップ量が比較的大きくなるが、円錐ころ11は小径側鍔15のテーパに案内されて外側に移動するため、油圧装置等の組付荷重を所定量大きくすることにより、保持器13の小径リング部21および柱部25は上述した例と同様に拡径し、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13が組み付けられる。
【0029】
図9には、第2参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で分解半裁縦断面視により示してある。図9に示したように、第2参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1に示す円錐ころ軸受と略同様の構成を採っているが、小径リング部21には従来装置と同一のカール部29が設けられている。また、本参考例では、保持器13内で円錐ころ11を外方に押し付けたときの内接円径をDiとし、小径側鍔15の外径をDfとしたとき、内接円径Diと小径側鍔15の外径Dfとの関係が0.002<(Df−Di)/Df<0.015となるように設定されている。
【0030】
本発明者等は、円錐ころ11の内接円径Diと小径側鍔15の外径Dfを様々に変化させ、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付けることを試みた。その結果、図10に示したように、内接円径Diと小径側鍔15の外径Dfとの差を小径側鍔15の外径Dfで除した値((Df−Di)/Df)が増大するのに応じて組付荷重が増大するが、(Df−Di)/Df≦0.002の範囲においては、組付後に内輪5から円錐ころ11や保持器13が脱落する事例が発生した。また、(Df−Di)/Df≧0.015の範囲においては、小径側鍔15との圧接により円錐ころ11の小径端側に生じる圧痕が5μm以上の深さになることが判明した。本参考例では、内接円径をDiと小径側鍔15の外径Dfとを0.002<(Df−Di)/Df<0.015の範囲に設定したことで、これらの不具合が防止しながら、比較的小さな組付荷重をもって内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を組み付けることができた。尚、第2参考例では小径側鍔15の外周面を円筒状にしたが、図1に示す実施形態のものと同様にテーパ状にしてもよい。
【0031】
図11には第3参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を半裁縦断面視により示し、図12には第3参考例の一部変形例を半裁縦断面視により示してある。図11,図12に示したように、第3参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1に示す円錐ころ軸受と略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13は、小径側に外輪9の軌道面7に案内される略Z字断面形状の小径側拡径部41が柱部25から小径リング部21にかけて形成され、大径側にも外輪9の軌道面7に案内される略Z字断面形状の大径側拡径部43が柱部25から大径リング部23にかけて形成されている。
【0032】
第3参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、保持器13の柱部25が容易に弾性変形し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。図13には円錐ころ11の拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示しているが、実線で示した本参考例では、保持器13に拡径部を備えない一点鎖線で示したものに較べ、同一拡径量における組付荷重が有意に小さくなっていることが判る。また、本参考例では、柱部25を部分的に細くする必要がなく、更に変形例においては円錐ころ11の全長にわたって柱部25による支持が行われるため、円錐ころ11を安定して保持できる。尚、本実施形態では柱部25の弾性変形が容易に行われるように、保持器13の素材として薄鋼板を用いることが望ましい。この場合、保持器13の剛性が当然に低下し、運転中の遠心力によって保持器13が撓み変形する虞が生じるが、小径側拡径部41および大径側拡径部43が外輪9の軌道面7に案内されるため、その撓み変形量はごく小さく抑えられる。
【0033】
図14には第4参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示し、図15には第4参考例の一部変形例を示してある。図14,図15に示したように、第4参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1に示す円錐ころ軸受と略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、図14に示したものでは、保持器13の板厚が大径側から小径側に向けて漸減すると共に、小径リング部21の端部にはカール部29が形成されている。また、図15に示したものでも、保持器13の板厚が大径側から小径側に向けて漸減しているが、保持器13の軸方向断面は第1実施形態と同様に単純な直線状となっている。
【0034】
第4参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、保持器13の小径側部分が容易に弾性変形し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。図16には円錐ころ11の拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示しているが、実線で示した本参考例では、保持器13が一律の板厚で形成された一点鎖線で示したものに較べ、同一拡径量における組付荷重が有意に小さくなっていることが判る。また、本参考例では、柱部25を部分的に細くする必要がなく、更に変形例においては円錐ころ11の全長にわたって柱部25による支持が行われるため、円錐ころ11を安定して保持できる。
【0035】
図17には第5参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を半裁縦断面視により示し、図18には同参考例の保持器を斜視により示し、図19には図18中のA部拡大図を示してある。第5参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1に示す円錐ころ軸受と略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、図17,図18に示したように、保持器13は、小径リング部21がポケット27と同位相の凹部45を有する波形に形成されている。
【0036】
第5参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、保持器13の小径リング部21が容易に弾性変形し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。図20には円錐ころ11の拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示しているが、実線で示した本実施形態では、小径リング部を単純な円形断面とした一点鎖線で示したものに較べ、同一拡径量における組付荷重が有意に小さくなっていることが判る。また、本実参考例では、柱部25を部分的に細くする必要がなく、更に変形例においては円錐ころ11の全長にわたって柱部25による支持が行われるため、円錐ころ11を安定して保持できる。尚、図21には、第5参考例の一部変形例の要部を示しているが、この変形例では小径リング部21がポケット27と同位相の凸部47を有する波形となっており、組み付け時における作用は第5参考例と同様である。
【0037】
図22には第6参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を半裁縦断面視により示し、図23には同参考例の保持器を平面視により示してある。第6参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1のものと略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13のポケット27の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13は、図23に示したように、二点鎖線で示した図1のもの(単純なテーパ形状)に対し、ポケット27の小径側に拡幅部51が形成されている。
【0038】
第6参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、図24に示したように、円錐ころ11がポケット27の拡幅部51で傾斜する。これにより、図1のものと同様に保持器13の小径リング部21が容易に弾性変形することも相俟って、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。図25には円錐ころ11の拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示しているが、実線で示した本参考例では、保持器13の軸方向断面を直線状にしただけの図1のもの(破線で示す)の他、カール部を備えた従来装置と同様のものを用いた場合(一点鎖線で示す)や、カール部は残してポケット27に拡幅部51のみを形成した場合(二点鎖線で示す)に較べ、同一拡径量における組付荷重が有意に小さくなっていることが判る。
【0039】
図26,図27には、第6参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器13の要部を示している。すなわち、図26には拡幅部51を矩形にしたものを示し、図27にはポケット27の小径側と大径側とにそれぞれ拡幅部51,53を形成したものを示しているが、これら一部変形例の作用は第6参考例と同様である。
【0040】
図28には第7参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を半裁縦断面視により示し、図29には同参考例の保持器を斜視により示し、図30には同保持器を平面視により示してある。第7参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1の円錐ころ軸受と略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13は、図29,30に示したように、小径リング部21にポケット27に連続する二つの切欠き55が形成されている。
【0041】
第7参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、小径リング部21および柱部25が円錐ころ11に押圧されることで図1に示すものより更に容易に拡径し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重が比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。尚、図31には、第7参考例の一部変形例の要部を示しているが、この変形例の小径リング部21には各ポケット27に連続する切欠き55がそれぞれ形成されており、第7実施形態の保持器13に較べて更に小径リング部21が拡径しやすくなっている。
【0042】
図32には第8参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示してある。第8参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1に示すものと略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13は、小径側端部から軸方向に全長の1/2の範囲において、軸方向断面が円錐ころ11のピッチ円錐角と同一で、かつ、ポケット27の幅が円錐ころ11のピッチ円半径と同一に形成されている。
【0043】
第8参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、図33に示したように、小径側鍔15に当接した円錐ころ11がポケット27の前半部で傾斜する。これにより、ころ内接円径が一時的に拡大し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。尚、図34には、第8参考例の一部変形例を示しているが、この変形例の小径リング部21にはカール部29が形成されており、小径リング部21の剛性が第8参考例のものより高くなっている。
【0044】
図35には第9参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示し、図36には同保持器を平面視により示してある。第9参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1のものと略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13では、図36に示したように、小径側端部に隣接する二つのポケット27どうしを連続させる切欠き59が形成されている。
【0045】
第9参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、柱部25が円錐ころ11に押圧されることで容易に拡径し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。尚、図37には、第9参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器13を示しているが、この変形例では全てのポケット27の小径側端部が連続することにより小径リング部21が実質的に存在せず、第9参考例の保持器13に較べて更に柱部25が拡径しやすくなっている。
【0046】
図38には第10参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示してある。第10参考例の円錐ころ軸受1は、図1のものと略同様の構成を採っているが、保持器13の形状が異なっている。すなわち、本参考例の保持器13は、軸方向断面の角度P1が円錐ころのピッチ円錐角P2より大きく、かつ、ポケット27の小径側端部近傍における直径が円錐ころのピッチ円半径と同一となっている。
【0047】
第10参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際、図39に示したように、円錐ころ11がポケット27の前半部で傾斜する。これにより、ころ内接円径が一時的に拡大し、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。
【0048】
図40には第11参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受の内輪5を斜視により示してある。第11参考例の内輪5は、図1のものと略同様の形状となっているが、小径側鍔15には、保持器13を弾性限度内で楕円状に変形(図40では誇張して描いている)させたときに保持器13の短径側に保持された円錐ころ11が位置する部位に、各3個ずつの切欠き61,63が形成されている。
【0049】
第11参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を組み付ける際において、治具等により保持器13を楕円状に変形させると、図41に示したように、円錐ころ11が切欠き61,63を通過することができるようになる。これにより、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重はごく小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。
【0050】
図42には第12参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受の内輪5を斜視により示してある。第12参考例の内輪5は、図1のものと略同様の形状となっているが、小径側鍔15には、円錐ころ11と同ピッチで複数(図示例では、円錐ころ11の半数)の切欠き65が形成されている。
【0051】
第12参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を圧入法によって組み付ける際において、図43に示したように、半数の円錐ころ11は殆ど抵抗無く小径リング部21を通過する。これにより、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重は比較的小さく済む他、小径リング部21が拡径することも相俟って小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も殆ど生じない。尚、第12参考例では切欠き65を円錐ころ11の半数だけ形成するようにしたが、円錐ころ11の全個数分の切欠き65を設けるようにしてもよく、この場合には組付荷重は更に小さくできる。
【0052】
図44には第13参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を半裁縦断面視により示し、図45には同参考例の内輪5を斜視により示してある。第13参考例の内輪5は、図1のものと略同様の形状となっているが、小径側鍔15には、保持器13に保持された各円錐ころ11の通過に供される切欠き67が円錐ころ11と同数(図45には6箇所のみ示す)かつ同ピッチで形成されている。
【0053】
第13参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5に円錐ころ11および保持器13を組み付ける際において、円錐ころ11は切欠き67から抵抗無く小径リング部21を通過する。これにより、油圧装置等に要求される組付荷重はごく小さく済む他、小径リング部21が拡径することなく、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も全く生じない。尚、図46には、第13参考例の一部変形例を半裁縦断面視により示しているが、この変形例では上記構成に対して内輪5における小径リング部21の内側に鋼製リング69を装着し、内輪5からの円錐ころ11や保持器13の脱落を完全に防止している。
【0054】
図47には第14参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示し、図48には第14参考例の保持器13を平面視により示してある。第14参考例の保持器13は、図1のものと略同様の形状となっているが、ポケット27の小径側と大径側とにそれぞれ拡幅部51,53が形成されている。
【0055】
第14参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5への円錐ころ11および保持器13の組み付けにあたっては、内輪5の外周に保持器13を位置させた後、図49に示したように、保持器のポケット27に外周側から円錐ころ11を嵌入させる。この際、ポケット27に拡幅部51,53が形成されているため、柱部25が比較的容易に弾性変形し、円錐ころ11の嵌入に要求される組付荷重はごく小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も全く生じない。
【0056】
図50には第15参考例に係る円錐ころ軸受を外輪を除いた状態で半裁縦断面視により示し、図51には第15参考例の保持器13を斜視により示してある。第15参考例の保持器13は、図1のものとは異なり、軸方向中央部(柱部25)を外周側に突出させている。
【0057】
第15参考例では、このような構成を採ったことにより、内輪5への円錐ころ11および保持器13の組み付けにあたっては、内輪5の外周に保持器13を位置させた後、図52に示したように、保持器のポケット27に外周側から円錐ころ11を嵌入させる。この際、外周側に突出した柱部25が比較的容易に弾性変形し、円錐ころ11の嵌入に要求される組付荷重はごく小さく済む他、小径側鍔15との接触による円錐ころ11の損傷も全く生じない。
【0058】
以上で具体的実施形態及び参考例の説明を終えるが、本発明の態様はこの実施形態及び参考例に限られるものではない。例えば、上記実施形態及び参考例は工作機械のスピンドルの支持等に供される単列円錐ころ軸受に本発明を適用したものであるが、鉄道車両の車軸用軸受装置等に用いられる複列円錐ころ軸受や4列円錐ころ軸受等に本発明を適用してもよい。また、第1実施形態で採用した組立方法を第2〜第12参考例において用いてもよい。また、第3〜第12参考例では小径リング部の外周面を円筒状としたが、外端側に向けて小径となるテーパ状としてもよい。更に、上記実施形態及び各参考例を構成する部材の具体的形状等についても、設計上の都合等により適宜変更可能である。
【0059】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明に係る円錐ころ軸受の組立方法によれば、内輪への組み付け時に円錐ころの内接円半径を予め大きくするため、組付荷重を低減させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころ軸受の例を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図2】図1の円錐ころ軸受の保持器を示す平面図である。
【図3】本発明の上記一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図4】本発明の上記一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図5】本発明の上記一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図6】本発明の上記一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図7】本発明の上記一実施形態の方法に係る円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図8】第1参考例の円錐ころおよび保持器の内輪への組付手順を示す説明図である。
【図9】第2参考例の円錐ころ軸受を示す分解半裁縦断面図である。
【図10】第2参考例の円錐ころの内接円径と小径側鍔の外径とを示す図である。
【図11】第3参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図12】第3参考例の一部変形例を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図13】第3参考例での円錐ころの拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示すグラフである。
【図14】第4参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図15】第4参考例の一部変形例を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図16】第4参考例の円錐ころの拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示すグラフである。
【図17】第5参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図18】第5参考例の保持器を示す斜視図である。
【図19】図18中のA部拡大図である。
【図20】第5参考例での円錐ころの拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示すグラフである。
【図21】第5参考例の一部変形例を示す要部拡大斜視図である。
【図22】第6参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図23】第6参考例の保持器を示す平面図である。
【図24】第6参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図25】第6参考例での円錐ころの拡径量と組付荷重との関係を示すグラフである。
【図26】第6参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器を示す平面図である。
【図27】第6参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器を示す平面図である。
【図28】第7参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図29】第7参考例の保持器を示す斜視図である。
【図30】第7参考例の保持器を示す平面図である。
【図31】第7参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器を示す平面図である。
【図32】第8参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図33】第8参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図34】第8参考例の一部変形例を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図35】第9参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図36】第9参考例の保持器を示す平面図である。
【図37】第9参考例の一部変形例に係る保持器を示す平面図である。
【図38】第10参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図39】第10参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図40】第11参考例の円錐ころ軸受内輪を示す斜視図である。
【図41】第11参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図42】第12参考例の円錐ころ軸受内輪を示す斜視図である。
【図43】第1参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図44】第13参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図45】第14参考例の内輪を示す斜視図である。
【図46】第14参考例の一部変形例を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図47】第15参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図48】第15参考例の保持器を示す平面図である。
【図49】第15参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図50】第16参考例の円錐ころ軸受示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図51】第16参考例の保持器を示す斜視図である。
【図52】第16参考例の作用を示す説明図である。
【図53】従来の円錐ころ軸受を示す半裁縦断面図である。
【図54】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図55】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図56】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図57】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図58】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図59】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図60】一般的な保持器の製造工程を示す説明図である。
【図61】従来装置における保持器の底押し工程を示す説明図である。
【図62】従来装置における保持器の加締め工程を示す説明図である。
【図63】底押し工程による柱部の変形を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 円錐ころ軸受
3 軌道面
5 内輪
7 軌道面
9 外輪
11 円錐ころ
13 保持器
15 小径側鍔
17 大径側鍔
21 小径リング部
23 大径リング部
25 柱部
27 ポケット
29 カール部
31 拡径治具
33 押圧治具
35 係止治具
41 小径側拡径部
43 大径側拡径部
45 凹部
47 凸部
51,53 拡幅部
55,59,61,63,65,67 切欠き
69 鋼製リング
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tapered roller bearing. of In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for improving the size and shape accuracy of a cage.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In machine devices such as machine tools and railway vehicles, various rolling bearings are used to rotatably support a spindle, an axle, and the like. A rolling bearing is usually composed of inner and outer race rings (inner and outer rings), a large number of rolling elements disposed between the inner and outer rings, and a cage that prevents the rolling elements from contacting each other and from falling off the rolling elements. ing. For example, a single-row tapered roller bearing 1 as shown in a half-cut longitudinal sectional view in FIG. 53 is generally used for bearing devices for machine tools in order to bear a radial load and an axial load. The tapered roller bearing 1 includes an inner ring 5 having a tapered raceway surface 3 on the outer peripheral side, an outer ring 9 having a tapered raceway surface 7 on an inner circumferential surface disposed so as to surround the inner ring 5, and an inner ring 5. And a plurality of tapered rollers 11 interposed between the outer ring 9 and a retainer (for example, a steel plate press retainer) 13 that holds the tapered rollers 11. The inner ring 5 has a small-diameter side rod 15 and a large-diameter side rod 17 for locking the rollers in the axial direction on the small-diameter end side and the large-diameter end side of the raceway surface 3, respectively.
[0003]
In the tapered roller bearing 1 described above, the steps shown in FIGS. That is, a disk-shaped blank 71 is punched from a raw steel plate (not shown) in the blanking step of FIG. 54, a cup-shaped workpiece 73 is formed from the blank 71 in the drawing step of FIG. A core hole 75 (reference hole) is drilled in the bottom surface of FIG. 57, the pocket 27 and the pillar portion 25 are formed on the outer periphery of the work 73 in the pocket removing process of FIG. 59 is formed, a contact surface with the tapered roller 11 is formed inside the column portion 25 in the window pushing step of FIG. 59, and the large-diameter side end portion of the work 73 has a predetermined dimension in the turning edge cutting step of FIG. It is arranged. As a result, the cage 13 in which the large-diameter ring portion 23 and the small-diameter ring portion 21 are connected by the multiple column portions 25 is manufactured. In the drawing, reference numeral 29 indicates a curled portion formed at the end of the small diameter ring portion 21.
[0004]
By the way, in the tapered roller bearing 1 described above, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, it is necessary to avoid interference between the tapered roller 11 and the small-diameter side flange 15. Therefore, after the cage 13 is once formed into a regular shape and size, a method of increasing the roller inscribed circle diameter D by expanding the portion on the small diameter ring portion 21 side of the column portion 25 by the bottom pushing step shown in FIG. It is taken. In FIG. 61, a member denoted by reference numeral 79 is a bottom push punch. Thereby, the column part 25 is temporarily bent into a square shape protruding outward, but after the tapered roller 11 and the retainer 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, it is made into a regular shape by a caulking process shown in FIG. Restored. In FIG. 62, a member denoted by reference numeral 81 is a caulking jig.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the conventional tapered roller bearing, there is a problem that the bearing performance and durability are deteriorated due to the column portion 25 being plastically deformed twice in the bottom pushing process and the caulking process. As is well known, in the press-type cage 13, the size and shape of the column portion 25 that is in sliding contact with the tapered roller 11 are the most important. However, in the above-described conventional manufacturing method, there is a considerable amount of residual deformation in the portion of the column portion 25 on the small diameter ring portion 21 side, and the residual deformation is often nonuniform among the column portions 25. As a result, it is inevitable that a partial skew occurs between the tapered roller 11 and the column portion 25 or that the sliding contact state between the tapered roller 11 and each column portion 25 becomes uneven, and the tapered roller bearing 1. The smooth rotation of the tapered roller 11 is impeded, and local wear and heat generation of the tapered roller 11 are caused. Further, in the conventional manufacturing method, since the column portion 25 is bent and deformed into a square shape, in order to avoid interference with the tapered roller 11 of the large-diameter ring portion 23 and the small-diameter ring portion 21 during the bottom pushing step, FIG. As shown, the axial length (window length) L of the pocket 27 in which the tapered roller 11 is held needs to be larger than necessary. This makes it difficult to restrict the position of the tapered roller 11 in the pocket 27, and also reduces the strength of the cage 13. The present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and has improved the dimensions and shape accuracy of the cage, and has improved performance and durability. Assembly method The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0007]
[0008]
[0009]
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
[0018]
[0019]
[0020]
[0021]
[0022]
Claim 1 In the invention, an inner ring having a tapered raceway surface on the outer peripheral side, an outer ring having a tapered raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface, and a plurality of tapered rollers interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring, A tapered metal cage having a large number of pockets for holding the tapered rollers, and supporting the tapered rollers so as to roll between the inner ring and the outer ring; and a small diameter of the inner ring An outward flange-shaped small-diameter side flange that is formed on the side end portion and whose inner side faces the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller, and a large-diameter side end of the inner ring, the inner side surface of which is the tapered roller The tapered roller bearing is provided with an outward flange-shaped large-diameter side flange facing the large-diameter side end surface of the metal cage, and the tapered roller may pass through the pocket of the metal cage in the radial direction. It is formed in a trapezoidal shape that cannot be done in the pocket After inserting the tapered roller from the side, the diameter expanding means is inserted into the metal cage and the small diameter end of the tapered roller held by the metal cage is pressed outward from the metal cage. The protruding tapered roller is pressed against the large-diameter side end face of the pocket by the pressing means, and the large-diameter side end of the metal cage is locked by the locking means, thereby reducing the small-diameter side end of the metal cage. The inner ring is inserted from the large-diameter end of the metal cage in a state where the small-diameter end is expanded, and the inner ring is inserted into the metal cage with a predetermined pressing force in the axial direction. And the inner ring is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter end portion of the tapered roller to further expand the diameter of the small-diameter side end portion of the metal cage, so that the tapered roller gets over the small-diameter side flange. Let the tapered roller be assembled to the inner ring Suggest that comprises performing a.
In the assembling method of the present invention, the tapered roller is pressed outward and pressed against the large-diameter side end surface of the pocket, so that the inscribed circle diameter is increased and the small-diameter side flange is overcome with a very small pressing force. Become.
[0023]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention And reference examples Will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In FIG. one Embodiment the method of Related to tapered roller bearing Example Is shown in a half cut longitudinal section view, FIG. The tapered roller bearing The cage is shown in plan view. As shown in FIG. 1, the first embodiment Related to the method The tapered roller bearing 1 includes an inner ring 5 having a tapered raceway surface 3 on the outer peripheral side, an outer ring 9 disposed so as to surround the inner ring 5 and having a tapered raceway surface 7 on the inner peripheral side, and an inner ring 5. And a plurality of tapered rollers 11 interposed between the outer ring 9 and a retainer 13 made of a steel plate that holds the tapered rollers 11. The inner ring 5 has a small-diameter side flange 15 having an outward flange shape whose inner surface faces the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller 11 on the small-diameter end side in order to lock the tapered roller 11 in the axial direction. Further, the inner side surface has a large-diameter side flange 17 having an outward flange shape facing the large-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller 11. This embodiment Tapered roller bearings In this case, the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter side flange 15 is formed in a tapered shape having a small diameter toward the outer end side. The outer diameter Df of the small-diameter side flange 15 is set larger by a predetermined amount than the inscribed circle diameter Di of the tapered roller 11 in order to prevent the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 from falling off.
[0024]
The retainer 13 is made of a steel plate as a raw material by a press molding method similar to that of the conventional apparatus. As shown in FIG. 2, the small-diameter ring portion 21 and the large-diameter ring portion 23 are formed by a large number of column portions 25. It is connected. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 27 denotes a pocket into which the tapered roller 11 is fitted, and is defined by both the ring portions 21 and 23 and the column portion 25. Further, the cage 13 does not have a curl portion as in the conventional device at the end of the small diameter ring portion 21, and as shown in FIG. 1, its axial cross section is a simple straight line. .
[0025]
Now, in the present embodiment, the following procedure is adopted when assembling the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 to the inner ring 5. First, the assembly operator inserts the tapered roller 11 into each pocket 27 of the cage 13 from the inside, and then inserts a diameter-expansion jig 31 into the cage 13 as shown in FIG. The small diameter end of the roller 11 is pressed outward. At this time, the cage 13 is relatively easily elastically deformed because the curled portion is not formed on the small diameter ring portion 21, and the diameter of the cage 13 is increased by pressing the small diameter ring portion 21 and the column portion 25 against the tapered roller 11. To do.
[0026]
Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the assembly operator presses the small-diameter side end projecting from the retainer 13 with the pressing jig 33 to bring the tapered roller 11 into the large-diameter side end surface of the pocket 27 (large-diameter ring). And the large diameter side end of the retainer 13 is locked by the locking jig 35. As a result, the tapered roller 11 moves outward due to deformation (expansion) of the small-diameter ring portion 21 and the column portion 25, and simultaneously contacts the large-diameter side inner surface of the pocket 27 (inner end surface of the large-diameter ring portion 23). As a result, the inscribed circle diameter Di increases.
[0027]
After that, as shown in FIG. 5, the assembly operator uses a hydraulic device or the like to place the inner ring 5 at the tip of the diameter expansion jig 31 and then to allow the inner ring 5 to enter the tapered roller 11. The inner ring 5 and the diameter expansion jig 31 are moved downward in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the small diameter side end of the tapered roller 11 once comes into contact with the small diameter side flange 15 of the inner ring 5, but the inscribed circle diameter Di of the tapered roller 11 is increased. Combined with the fact that the side flange 15 is formed in a tapered shape having a small diameter toward the outer end side, the tapered roller 11 can easily get over the small diameter side flange 15 and fit into the raceway surface 3 of the inner ring 5. To do. At this time, as the tapered roller 11 moves outward, the small-diameter ring portion 21 and the column portion 25 of the retainer 13 are slightly expanded in diameter, but both members have already been expanded in diameter by the diameter expansion jig 31. Therefore, the pressing force (assembly load) required for the hydraulic device or the like is relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. When the assembly operator removes the jigs 31, 33, 35 after the tapered roller 11 is fitted into the raceway surface 3 of the inner ring 5, the cage 13 is elastically restored to its original shape as shown in FIG. The tapered roller 11 is securely held by returning.
[0028]
In addition, in FIG. The cone In the roller bearing 1, the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 without using the diameter expansion jig 31 or the pressing jig 33. First reference example Is shown. In this case, the amount of lap between the tapered roller 11 and the small-diameter side flange 15 is relatively large. However, the tapered roller 11 is guided by the taper of the small-diameter side flange 15 and moves outward. By increasing the predetermined amount, the small-diameter ring portion 21 and the column portion 25 of the cage 13 are expanded in diameter as in the above-described example, and the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5.
[0029]
In FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. is there. FIG. As shown in the second Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. The small-diameter ring portion 21 is provided with the same curled portion 29 as that of the conventional device. Also book Reference example Then, when the inscribed circle diameter when the tapered roller 11 is pressed outward in the cage 13 is Di and the outer diameter of the small diameter side rod 15 is Df, the inscribed circle diameter Di and the small diameter side rod 15 are The relationship with the outer diameter Df is set to be 0.002 <(Df−Di) / Df <0.015.
[0030]
The inventors of the present invention tried to assemble the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 to the inner ring 5 by press-fitting methods by changing the inscribed circle diameter Di of the tapered roller 11 and the outer diameter Df of the small-diameter side flange 15 in various ways. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, a value obtained by dividing the difference between the inscribed circle diameter Di and the outer diameter Df of the small diameter side rod 15 by the outer diameter Df of the small diameter side rod 15 ((Df−Di) / Df). However, in the range of (Df−Di) /Df≦0.002, there are cases in which the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 drop off from the inner ring 5 after assembly. did. Further, it was found that in the range of (Df−Di) /Df≧0.015, the indentation generated on the small diameter end side of the tapered roller 11 due to the pressure contact with the small diameter side flange 15 has a depth of 5 μm or more. Book Reference example Then, by setting the inscribed circle diameter Di and the outer diameter Df of the small diameter side flange 15 in the range of 0.002 <(Df−Di) / Df <0.015, these problems can be prevented while The tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 could be assembled to the inner ring 5 with a relatively small assembly load. The second Reference example Then, the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter side flange 15 was cylindrical, As shown in FIG. Embodiment Things Similarly to the above, it may be tapered.
[0031]
FIG. 11 shows the third Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. Reference example This is a partial modification of FIG. As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. Ie book Reference example The retainer 13 is formed with a small-diameter side enlarged portion 41 having a substantially Z-shaped cross-section guided on the raceway surface 7 of the outer ring 9 on the small-diameter side from the column portion 25 to the small-diameter ring portion 21, and also on the large-diameter side. A large-diameter side enlarged portion 43 having a substantially Z-shaped cross section guided by the nine raceway surfaces 7 is formed from the column portion 25 to the large-diameter ring portion 23.
[0032]
Third Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the column portion 25 of the cage 13 is easily elastically deformed, which is required for a hydraulic device or the like. The assembly load can be relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. FIG. 13 shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of the tapered roller 11 and the assembly load. Reference example Then, it turns out that the assembly | attachment load in the same diameter expansion amount is significantly small compared with what was shown with the dashed-dotted line which does not equip the cage | basket 13 with an enlarged diameter part. Also book Reference example Then, it is not necessary to make the column part 25 thin, and in the modified example, since the support by the column part 25 is performed over the entire length of the tapered roller 11, the tapered roller 11 can be stably held. In the present embodiment, it is desirable to use a thin steel plate as the material of the cage 13 so that the elastic deformation of the column portion 25 is easily performed. In this case, the rigidity of the cage 13 is naturally reduced, and the cage 13 may be bent and deformed by the centrifugal force during operation. However, the small-diameter side enlarged portion 41 and the large-diameter side enlarged portion 43 are formed on the outer ring 9. Since it is guided by the raceway surface 7, the amount of bending deformation can be kept very small.
[0033]
FIG. 14 shows the fourth Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. 15 is shown in a half-cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed, and FIG. Reference example The some modification of is shown. As shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. That is, in the case shown in FIG. 14, the plate thickness of the cage 13 gradually decreases from the large diameter side toward the small diameter side, and a curled portion 29 is formed at the end of the small diameter ring portion 21. In the case shown in FIG. 15 as well, the plate thickness of the cage 13 gradually decreases from the large diameter side to the small diameter side, but the axial cross section of the cage 13 is a simple straight line as in the first embodiment. It has become a shape.
[0034]
4th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the small-diameter side portion of the cage 13 is easily elastically deformed, which is required for a hydraulic device or the like. The assembly load can be relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. FIG. 16 shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of the tapered roller 11 and the assembly load. Reference example Then, it turns out that the assembly | attachment load in the same diameter expansion amount is significantly small compared with what the retainer 13 was shown with the dashed-dotted line formed with uniform board thickness. Also book Reference example Then, it is not necessary to make the column part 25 thin, and in the modified example, since the support by the column part 25 is performed over the entire length of the tapered roller 11, the tapered roller 11 can be stably held.
[0035]
FIG. 17 shows the fifth Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. Reference example FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 5th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Tapered roller bearing shown in FIG. However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. That is, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the cage 13 is formed in a corrugated shape in which the small-diameter ring portion 21 has a recess 45 having the same phase as the pocket 27.
[0036]
5th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the small-diameter ring portion 21 of the cage 13 is easily elastically deformed, which is required for a hydraulic device or the like. In addition to the relatively small assembly load, the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. FIG. 20 shows the relationship between the amount of diameter expansion of the tapered roller 11 and the assembly load. In the present embodiment shown by the solid line, the small-diameter ring part is shown by a one-dot chain line having a simple circular cross section. In comparison, it can be seen that the assembly load at the same diameter expansion amount is significantly reduced. Actually Reference example Then, it is not necessary to make the column part 25 thin, and in the modified example, since the support by the column part 25 is performed over the entire length of the tapered roller 11, the tapered roller 11 can be stably held. In FIG. 21, the fifth Reference example However, in this modification, the small-diameter ring portion 21 has a waveform having a convex portion 47 having the same phase as the pocket 27, and the action at the time of assembly is the fifth. Reference example It is the same.
[0037]
FIG. 22 shows the sixth Reference example FIG. 23 shows the tapered roller bearing according to FIG. Reference example The cage is shown in plan view. 6th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Figure 1 and Although the substantially same structure is taken, the shape of the pocket 27 of the holder 13 is different. Ie book Reference example As shown in FIG. 23, the cage 13 is indicated by a two-dot chain line. FIG. A widened portion 51 is formed on the small diameter side of the pocket 27 with respect to the one (simple taper shape).
[0038]
6th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the tapered roller 11 is inclined at the widened portion 51 of the pocket 27 as shown in FIG. . This Figure 1 In the same manner as described above, the small-diameter ring portion 21 of the retainer 13 is easily elastically deformed, so that the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like can be relatively small, and the cone caused by contact with the small-diameter side rod 15 can be used. The roller 11 is hardly damaged. FIG. 25 shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of the tapered roller 11 and the assembly load. Reference example Then, the axial cross section of the cage 13 is just a straight line Figure 1 (Indicated by a broken line) In addition to the case where a device similar to a conventional device having a curled portion is used (indicated by a one-dot chain line), or when only the widened portion 51 is formed in the pocket 27 while leaving the curled portion (two points) It can be seen that the assembling load at the same diameter expansion amount is significantly smaller than that indicated by the chain line).
[0039]
26 and 27, the sixth Reference example The principal part of the holder | retainer 13 which concerns on a partial modification of this is shown. 26 shows that the widened portion 51 is rectangular, and FIG. 27 shows the widened portions 51 and 53 formed on the small diameter side and the large diameter side of the pocket 27, respectively. The sixth modification is the sixth Reference example It is the same.
[0040]
FIG. 28 shows the seventh Reference example FIG. 29 shows the tapered roller bearing according to FIG. Reference example The holder is shown in perspective, and FIG. 30 shows the holder in plan view. 7th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of The tapered roller bearing of FIG. Although the substantially same structure is taken, the shape of the holder | retainer 13 differs. Ie book Reference example As shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, the retainer 13 is formed with two notches 55 formed in the small diameter ring portion 21 and continuing to the pocket 27.
[0041]
7th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the small-diameter ring portion 21 and the column portion 25 are pressed against the tapered roller 11. What is shown in FIG. Further, the diameter of the tapered roller 11 can be increased more easily, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like can be relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. In FIG. 31, the seventh Reference example However, the small-diameter ring portion 21 of this modification is formed with a notch 55 continuous with each pocket 27, compared with the cage 13 of the seventh embodiment. In addition, the small-diameter ring portion 21 can be easily expanded.
[0042]
In FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. 1 is shown in a half cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed. 8th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of What is shown in FIG. However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. Ie book Reference example The retainer 13 has an axial cross section that is the same as the pitch cone angle of the tapered roller 11 in the range of ½ of the entire length in the axial direction from the end on the small diameter side, and the width of the pocket 27 is the pitch of the tapered roller 11. It is formed the same as the circle radius.
[0043]
8th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the retainer 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, as shown in FIG. Inclined in the first half of 27. As a result, the roller inscribed circle diameter temporarily increases, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like can be relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small diameter side flange 15. In FIG. 34, the eighth Reference example However, a curled portion 29 is formed on the small-diameter ring portion 21 of this variation, and the rigidity of the small-diameter ring portion 21 is the eighth. Reference example Higher than the ones.
[0044]
In FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to the present invention is shown in a half cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed, and FIG. 36 shows the cage in a plan view. 9th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Figure 1 However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. Ie book Reference example As shown in FIG. 36, the retainer 13 is formed with a notch 59 that allows two pockets 27 adjacent to the end portion on the small diameter side to be continuous with each other.
[0045]
9th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the retainer 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the diameter of the column portion 25 is easily increased by being pressed by the tapered roller 11, and the hydraulic device In addition to requiring a relatively small assembly load, the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. In FIG. 37, the ninth Reference example However, in this modification, the small-diameter ring ends 21 are not substantially present because the small-diameter side ends of all the pockets 27 are continuous. Reference example As compared with the cage 13, the column portion 25 is further easily expanded in diameter.
[0046]
FIG. Reference example The tapered roller bearing according to FIG. 1 is shown in a half cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed. 10th Reference example The tapered roller bearing 1 of Figure 1 However, the shape of the cage 13 is different. Ie book Reference example The cage 13 has an axial cross section angle P1 larger than the pitch cone angle P2 of the tapered roller, and the diameter in the vicinity of the small diameter side end of the pocket 27 is the same as the pitch circle radius of the tapered roller.
[0047]
10th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the retainer 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, the tapered roller 11 is inclined at the front half of the pocket 27 as shown in FIG. As a result, the inscribed circle diameter of the roller is temporarily increased, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like is relatively small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15.
[0048]
In FIG. Reference example The inner ring 5 of the tapered roller bearing according to FIG. 11th Reference example The inner ring 5 is FIG. The small diameter side rod 15 has a shape that is substantially the same as that of the cage 13 but when the cage 13 is deformed into an ellipse within the elastic limit (exaggerated in FIG. 40), the cage 13 Three notches 61 and 63 are formed in a portion where the tapered roller 11 held on the short diameter side is located.
[0049]
11th Reference example Then, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the retainer 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, when the retainer 13 is deformed into an elliptical shape by a jig or the like, as shown in FIG. The tapered roller 11 can pass through the notches 61 and 63. As a result, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like is very small, and the tapered roller 11 is hardly damaged by the contact with the small-diameter side flange 15.
[0050]
In FIG. Reference example The inner ring 5 of the tapered roller bearing according to FIG. 12th Reference example The inner ring 5 is Figure 1 However, a plurality of notches 65 (half of the tapered rollers 11 in the illustrated example) are formed on the small-diameter side flange 15 at the same pitch as the tapered rollers 11.
[0051]
12th Reference example Then, as a result of adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5 by the press-fitting method, as shown in FIG. Pass through 21. As a result, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like can be relatively small, and the small diameter ring portion 21 can be enlarged, and the tapered roller 11 is almost completely damaged by the contact with the small diameter side flange 15. Absent. The 12th Reference example Then, the notches 65 are formed by half of the tapered rollers 11, but notches 65 corresponding to the total number of the tapered rollers 11 may be provided. In this case, the assembly load can be further reduced.
[0052]
In FIG. 13 A tapered roller bearing according to a reference example is shown in a half-cut longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. Reference example The inner ring 5 is shown in perspective. 13th The inner ring 5 of the reference example is Figure 1 However, in the small-diameter side flange 15, the same number of notches 67 as the tapered rollers 11 (6 in FIG. 45) provided for the passage of the tapered rollers 11 held by the cage 13 are provided. Only the portion is shown) and formed at the same pitch.
[0053]
13th In the reference example, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, the tapered roller 11 passes through the small diameter ring portion 21 from the notch 67 without resistance. As a result, the assembly load required for the hydraulic device or the like is very small, and the small diameter ring portion 21 does not expand, and the tapered roller 11 is not damaged at all by contact with the small diameter side flange 15. In FIG. 46, 13th Although a partial modification of the reference example is shown in a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view, in this modification, a steel ring 69 is attached to the inside of the small-diameter ring portion 21 in the inner ring 5 with respect to the above configuration, and the cone from the inner ring 5 is provided. The roller 11 and the cage 13 are completely prevented from falling off.
[0054]
In FIG. 14th The tapered roller bearing according to the reference example is shown in a half cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed, and FIG. 14th The cage 13 of the reference example is shown in plan view. 14th The cage 13 of the reference example is Figure 1 However, wide portions 51 and 53 are formed on the small diameter side and the large diameter side of the pocket 27, respectively.
[0055]
14th In the reference example, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, the cage 13 is positioned on the outer periphery of the inner ring 5, and then as shown in FIG. Then, the tapered roller 11 is fitted into the pocket 27 of the cage from the outer peripheral side. At this time, since the widened portions 51 and 53 are formed in the pocket 27, the column portion 25 is elastically deformed relatively easily, and the assembly load required for the insertion of the tapered roller 11 is very small. The tapered roller 11 is not damaged at all by the contact with the flange 15.
[0056]
In FIG. 15th The tapered roller bearing according to the reference example is shown in a half cut longitudinal sectional view with the outer ring removed, and FIG. 15th The cage 13 of the reference example is shown in perspective. 15th The cage 13 of the reference example is Figure 1 Unlike the above, the central portion in the axial direction (column portion 25) is protruded to the outer peripheral side.
[0057]
15th In the reference example, by adopting such a configuration, when the tapered roller 11 and the cage 13 are assembled to the inner ring 5, the cage 13 is positioned on the outer periphery of the inner ring 5, and then as shown in FIG. Then, the tapered roller 11 is fitted into the pocket 27 of the cage from the outer peripheral side. At this time, the column portion 25 protruding to the outer peripheral side is elastically deformed relatively easily, and the assembly load required for the insertion of the tapered roller 11 is very small, and the tapered roller 11 is brought into contact with the small-diameter side flange 15. There is no damage at all.
[0058]
This is the end of the description of the specific embodiment and the reference example, but the aspect of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment and the reference example. For example, in the above embodiment and the reference example, the present invention is applied to a single-row tapered roller bearing used for supporting a spindle of a machine tool, etc., but a double-row cone used in a bearing device for an axle of a railway vehicle or the like. The present invention may be applied to a roller bearing or a four-row tapered roller bearing. Further, the assembly method employed in the first embodiment is the second to twelfth. Reference example May be used. Also, the third to the twelfth Reference example Then, although the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter ring portion is a cylindrical shape, it may be a tapered shape having a small diameter toward the outer end side. Furthermore, the above Embodiments and reference examples The specific shape or the like of the members constituting the can also be appropriately changed depending on the design convenience.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above explanation The present invention According to the assembly method of the tapered roller bearing according to the present invention, the inscribed circle radius of the tapered roller is increased in advance when assembled to the inner ring, so that the assembly load can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 of the present invention Method of an embodiment Related to tapered roller bearing An example of It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view.
[Figure 2] Fig. 1 tapered roller bearing It is a top view which shows the holder | retainer of.
[Fig. 3] According to the method of the above embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
[Fig. 4] According to the method of the above embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
[Figure 5] According to the method of the above embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
[Fig. 6] According to the method of the above embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
[Fig. 7] According to the method of the above embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
[Fig. 8] Of the first reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows the assembly | attachment procedure to the inner ring | wheel of a tapered roller and a holder | retainer.
FIG. 9 Tapered roller bearing of second reference example FIG.
FIG. 10 Tapered roller of the second reference example It is a figure which shows the inscribed circle diameter of this and the outer diameter of a small diameter side rod.
FIG. 11 Of the third reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. Of the third reference example It is a half-cut longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a partial modification.
FIG. 13 Third reference example It is a graph which shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of a tapered roller and assembly | attachment load.
FIG. 14 Of the fourth reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 15 Of the fourth reference example It is a half-cut longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows a partial modification.
FIG. 16 Of the fourth reference example It is a graph which shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of a tapered roller, and an assembly load.
FIG. 17 Of the fifth reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 18 Of the fifth reference example It is a perspective view which shows a holder | retainer.
FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of a part A in FIG.
FIG. 20 5th reference example It is a graph which shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of a tapered roller and assembly | attachment load.
FIG. 21 Of the fifth reference example It is a principal part expansion perspective view which shows a partial modification.
FIG. 22 Of the sixth reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 23 Of the sixth reference example It is a top view which shows a holder | retainer.
FIG. 24 Of the sixth reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows an effect | action.
FIG. 25 Sixth reference example It is a graph which shows the relationship between the diameter expansion amount of a tapered roller and assembly | attachment load.
FIG. 26 Sixth reference example It is a top view which shows the retainer which concerns on a partial modification of this.
FIG. 27 Sixth reference example It is a top view which shows the retainer which concerns on a partial modification of this.
FIG. 28 Of the seventh reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 29 Seventh reference example FIG.
FIG. 30 Seventh reference example It is a top view which shows the holder | retainer of.
FIG. 31 Seventh reference example It is a top view which shows the retainer which concerns on a partial modification of this.
FIG. 32 Of the 8th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 33 Eighth reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of.
FIG. 34 Eighth reference example FIG.
FIG. 35 Of the 9th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 36 Ninth reference example It is a top view which shows the holder | retainer of.
FIG. 37 Ninth reference example It is a top view which shows the retainer which concerns on a partial modification of this.
FIG. 38 Of the 10th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 39 10th reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of.
FIG. 40 Of the 11th reference example Tapered roller bearings of It is a perspective view which shows an inner ring | wheel.
FIG. 41 11th reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of.
FIG. 42 Of the 12th reference example Tapered roller bearings of It is a perspective view which shows an inner ring | wheel.
FIG. 43 First reference example It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of.
FIG. 44 Of 13th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 45 14th It is a perspective view which shows the inner ring | wheel of a reference example.
FIG. 46 14th It is a half-cut longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the partial modification of a reference example.
FIG. 47 15th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 48 15th It is a top view which shows the holder | retainer of a reference example.
FIG. 49 15th It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of a reference example.
FIG. 50 Of the 16th reference example Tapered roller bearings The It is a half cut longitudinal cross-sectional view shown.
FIG. 51 16th It is a perspective view which shows the holder | retainer of a reference example.
FIG. 52 16th It is explanatory drawing which shows the effect | action of a reference example.
FIG. 53 is a half cut longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional tapered roller bearing.
FIG. 54 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 55 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 57 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 58 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 59 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
FIG. 60 is an explanatory diagram showing a manufacturing process of a general cage.
61 is an explanatory view showing a bottom pushing process of a cage in a conventional apparatus. FIG.
FIG. 62 is an explanatory view showing a cage caulking step in a conventional apparatus.
FIG. 63 is an explanatory diagram showing the deformation of the pillar portion by the bottom pushing process.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Tapered roller bearing
3 Track surface
5 inner ring
7 Track surface
9 Outer ring
11 Tapered rollers
13 Cage
15 Small diameter side
17 Large diameter side
21 Small diameter ring
23 Large diameter ring
25 Column
27 pockets
29 curl
31 Diameter expansion jig
33 Pressing jig
35 Locking jig
41 Small diameter side expanded part
43 Large diameter side expanded part
45 recess
47 Convex
51, 53 Widening part
55, 59, 61, 63, 65, 67 Notch
69 Steel ring

Claims (1)

外周側にテーパ状の軌道面を有する内輪と、
内周面にテーパ状の軌道面を有する外輪と、
前記内輪と前記外輪との間に介装された多数本の円錐ころと、
これら円錐ころの保持に供される多数個のポケットを有し、当該円錐ころを前記内輪と前記外輪との間で転動自在に支持するテーパ形状の金属製保持器と、
前記内輪の小径側端部に形成され、その内側面が前記円錐ころの小径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の小径側鍔と、
前記内輪の大径側端部に形成され、その内側面が前記円錐ころの大径側端面と対峙する外向きフランジ状の大径側鍔とを備えた円錐ころ軸受の組立方法であって、
前記金属製保持器の前記ポケットは前記円錐ころが径方向に通り抜けることができない大きさの台形状に形成されており、
前記ポケットに内側から前記円錐ころを嵌入させた後に前記金属製保持器内に拡径手段を挿入して当該金属製保持器に保持された円錐ころの小径端を外側に押圧しつつ当該金属製保持器から突出した前記円錐ころを押圧手段によりポケットの大径側端面に押し付けると共に、当該金属製保持器の大径側端部を係止手段により係止することにより前記金属製保持器の小径側端部を拡径させ、該小径側端部が拡径した状態の当該金属製保持器の大径側端部から前記内輪を挿入し、当該金属製保持器に当該内輪を所定の押圧力をもって軸方向に接近させ、前記円錐ころの小径端部の外周面に前記内輪を接触させて当該金属製保持器の前記小径側端部をさらに拡径させることにより、当該円錐ころに前記小径側鍔を乗り越えさせて当該円錐ころの当該内輪への組み付けを行う工程を含むことを特徴とする円錐ころ軸受の組立方法。
An inner ring having a tapered raceway surface on the outer peripheral side;
An outer ring having a tapered raceway surface on the inner peripheral surface;
A number of tapered rollers interposed between the inner ring and the outer ring;
A taper-shaped metal cage having a plurality of pockets for holding these tapered rollers, and supporting the tapered rollers so as to roll freely between the inner ring and the outer ring;
An outward flange-shaped small-diameter side flange formed on the small-diameter side end of the inner ring, the inner surface of which faces the small-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller;
A method for assembling a tapered roller bearing comprising an outer flange-shaped large-diameter side flange formed on the large-diameter side end of the inner ring and having an inner surface facing the large-diameter side end surface of the tapered roller,
The pocket of the metal cage is formed in a trapezoidal shape in which the tapered rollers cannot pass through in the radial direction,
After inserting the tapered roller into the pocket from the inside, a diameter expanding means is inserted into the metal cage and the small diameter end of the tapered roller held by the metal cage is pressed outward while the metal roller is pressed. The tapered roller protruding from the cage is pressed against the large-diameter side end surface of the pocket by pressing means, and the large-diameter side end of the metal cage is locked by the locking means, thereby reducing the small diameter of the metal cage. The inner ring is inserted from the large-diameter side end of the metal cage in a state where the diameter of the side end is expanded and the small-diameter side end is expanded, and the inner ring is inserted into the metal cage by a predetermined pressing force. The inner ring is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter end of the tapered roller to further expand the small-diameter side end of the metal cage, thereby allowing the tapered roller to move toward the small-diameter side. Get over the collar and the tapered roller Method of assembling a tapered roller bearing, which comprises a step for assembly of the wheel.
JP32314999A 1999-11-12 1999-11-12 Assembling method of tapered roller bearing Expired - Fee Related JP4337189B2 (en)

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