JP4339210B2 - Assembling method of unit for wave-dissipating structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method of assembling the unit for wave dissipating structure.

On the revetment, as shown in Patent Document 1, a packing material layer (crushed stone or chestnut layer) is provided on an inclined foundation wall surface, and the surface of the packing material layer is covered with a plurality of massive surface members (stone). A structure in which the revetment surface is constituted by a lump surface member has been proposed. Specifically, the stuffing material layer is a structure in which each stuffing material is integrated and integrated, and is configured to approach the foundation wall surface using the entire weight of each stuffing material layer. In order to prevent the stuffing material on the surface side in the stuffing material layer from collapsing, it is attached to the stuffing material layer via an anchor member.
By the way, in the structure including the revetment, when the porosity of the surface layer is increased (for example, 50 to 60%), and the porosity on the inner side is made smaller than the porosity of the surface layer (for example, 30 to 50%). Based on the structure on the surface side (the porosity is large), favorable results can be obtained with respect to wave breaking, guidance to the inside of the wave, splash generation suppression accompanying breaking, etc., and the structure on the inner side (low Based on the void ratio), a high wave extinction effect (attenuation effect) can be obtained with respect to the wave energy guided to the inside.
Patent No. 2983207

  However, in the above structure, in order to ensure high wave-dissipating performance, it is necessary to make the structure as described above (structure with different porosity) and to maintain such a structure (internal material is In order not to be washed away), each massive surface member must be attached to the stuffing material layer using an anchor member, and the surface layer must be formed by the massive surface member. Coupled with having to be scaled, it takes a considerable amount of time and is burdensome.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the technical problem thereof is a wave-dissipating structure for assembling a wave-dissipating structure unit that can easily construct a wave-dissipating structure that exhibits high wave-dissipating performance. The object is to provide a method for assembling an object unit .

In order to achieve the above technical problem , the present invention (the invention according to claim 1 )
A plurality of massive surface members that are disposed so as to cover the opening on the opening side of the box and form a surface layer in the box in which one of the constituent surfaces is open; and inward of the surface layer in the box A method for assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure comprising: a filling material that is filled on the side to form an inner layer; and an anchor member that holds each of the massive surface members in contact with the inner layer. And
First, a box whose front and upper parts are continuously opened to the outside, a wall for covering the upper opening of the box, and one end of the anchor member are connected to the massive surface member. Prepare an anchored lump surface member provided with resistance increasing means at the end, and a filling material,
Next, in the box, the massive surface members of the massive surface member with anchors are stacked in a plurality of stages from the lower side on the front opening side of the box, and the anchor members connected to the massive surface members are substantially parallel to each other. On the other hand, each time the stacked surface members with anchors are stacked, the filling material is introduced from the opening of the box and the anchor members are embedded with the filling material,
Thereafter, the upper opening of the box is covered with the wall body on condition that the massive surface member with anchor and the filling material reach the upper part of the box.

In order to achieve the above technical problem , the present invention (the invention according to claim 2 )
A plurality of massive surface members that are disposed so as to cover the opening on the opening side of the box and form a surface layer in the box in which one of the constituent surfaces is open; and inward of the surface layer in the box A method for assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure comprising: a filling material that is filled on the side to form an inner layer; and an anchor member that holds each of the massive surface members in contact with the inner layer. And
First, a box whose front and upper portions are continuously opened to the outside, a wall for covering the upper opening of the box, and a lump-like surface with an anchor in which one end of an anchor member is connected to the lump-like surface member Prepare the material and filling material,
Next, in the box, the massive surface members of the massive surface member with anchors are stacked in a plurality of stages from the lower side on the front opening side of the box, and other anchor members connected to the massive surface members The end portion is connected to the inner wall of the box each time the massive surface members are stacked, while the filling material is introduced from the opening of the box each time the anchored massive surface members are stacked. Embedded each anchor member with the filling material,
Thereafter, the upper opening of the box is covered with the wall body on condition that the massive surface member with anchor and the filling material reach the upper part of the box.

In order to achieve the above technical problem , in the present invention (the invention according to claim 3 ),
Prepare a frame body having an opening on the upper side and the lower side, a net-like body, a massive surface member with an anchor in which one end portion of the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member, and a filling material,
First, the plurality of anchored massive surface members are accommodated in the frame body, and the anchor member of each anchored massive surface member is positioned above the massive surface member, and the plurality of anchored massive surface members The lower surface opening of the frame body is covered with a lump surface member of
Next, the filling material is filled up to the upper part of the frame through the upper opening of the frame,
Next, the net-like body is placed on the frame body so as to cover the upper opening of the frame body,
Next, attaching the other end of the anchor of the anchored massive surface member to the mesh body and attaching the mesh body to the frame body ,
The structure of the assembling method of the unit for wave-dissipating structure is characterized by the above.

In order to achieve the above technical problem , in the present invention (the invention according to claim 4 ),
An anchored lump in which one end of an anchor is connected to a frame, a net-like body, and a lump-like surface member that are open on the upper and lower sides and provided with a diameter-enlarged portion on the lower side. Prepare the surface member and filling material,
First, a plurality of anchored massive surface members are accommodated in the frame body, and the anchor surface members of the anchored massive surface members are positioned higher than the massive surface member, and the enlarged surface members are expanded. So that it can be fully packed in the diameter section,
Next, the filling material is filled up to the upper part of the frame through the upper opening of the frame,
Next, the net-like body is placed on the frame body so as to cover the upper opening of the frame body,
Next, attaching the other end of the anchor of the anchored massive surface member to the mesh, and attaching the mesh to the frame,
Next, the frame is inverted so that the massive surface member of the anchored massive surface member in the frame is positioned above the anchor member,
Next, the diameter-increasing part on the lower side of the frame is removed,
The structure of the assembling method of the unit for wave-dissipating structure is characterized by the above.

According to the invention according to claim 1 , as a unit for a wave-dissipating structure, a box having one of its constituent surfaces opened, and a surface layer disposed outside the box so as to cover the opening of the box and facing the outside are provided. A plurality of lump surface members to be formed; a filling material that is filled inwardly of the surface layer in the box to form an inner layer adjacent to the surface layer; and An anchor member that holds each of the layers in contact with the layer, the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member at one end thereof, and a resistance increasing means is provided at the other end of the anchor member, That in which the other end side of the anchor member is embedded in the inner layer can be specifically and accurately assembled.
As a result, if the unit for wave-dissipating structures is used, it is possible to easily construct a structure by stacking or laying it on a construction surface based on the shape of the box. From the viewpoint of ensuring wave performance, a wave-dissipating structure that exhibits high wave-dissipating performance by utilizing the fact that it is formed on a surface layer with a high porosity and an internal layer with a porosity lower than that surface layer Things can be easily constructed.
In addition, since each lump surface member and filling material are protected from external force based on each wall of the box, it is possible to prevent each lump surface member and filling material from being washed away with high certainty. High wave-dissipating performance can be maintained.
The anchor member is connected to the massive surface member at one end thereof, and a resistance increasing means is provided at the other end portion of the anchor member, and the other end side of the anchor member is embedded in the inner layer. Therefore, the bulky surface member is in contact with the inner layer by using the filling material which is filled in the box and engages with each other and the anchor member (resistance increasing means). It will be able to hold accurately.
Furthermore, when the anchor member is connected to the inner layer, it is only necessary to embed the other end side (resistance increasing means) from the one end portion of the anchor member with the filling material. It is possible to improve workability by eliminating work.

According to the invention according to claim 2 , as a unit for a wave-dissipating structure, a box in which one of the constituent surfaces is opened, and a surface layer disposed outside the box so as to cover the opening of the box and facing the outside are provided. A plurality of lump surface members to be formed; a filling material that is filled inwardly of the surface layer in the box to form an inner layer adjacent to the surface layer; and An anchor member that holds each of the anchor members so as to contact the layer, and the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member at one end thereof, and the other end portion of the anchor member faces the opening of the box. What is connected to the constituent wall can be assembled specifically and accurately.
As a result, if the unit for wave-dissipating structures is used, it is possible to easily construct a structure by stacking or laying it on a construction surface based on the shape of the box. From the viewpoint of ensuring wave performance, a wave-dissipating structure that exhibits high wave-dissipating performance by utilizing the fact that it is formed on a surface layer with a high porosity and an internal layer with a porosity lower than that surface layer Things can be easily constructed.
In addition, since each lump surface member and filling material are protected from external force based on each wall of the box, it is possible to prevent each lump surface member and filling material from being washed away with high certainty. High wave-dissipating performance can be maintained.
In addition, since the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member with one end thereof, and the other end of the anchor member is connected to the component wall facing the opening of the box, the entire unit for the wave-dissipating structure The weight becomes the movement resistance of the anchor member, and the massive surface member can be reliably prevented from falling off based on the extremely large movement resistance.

According to the invention according to claim 3 , as a unit for a wave-dissipating structure, a box having one of its constituent surfaces opened, and a surface layer disposed outside the box so as to cover the opening of the box and facing the outside are provided. A plurality of lump surface members to be formed; a filling material that is filled inwardly of the surface layer in the box to form an inner layer adjacent to the surface layer; and An anchor member that holds each of the anchor members so as to contact the layer, and the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member at one end thereof, and the other end portion of the anchor member faces the opening of the box. is connected to the composite walls, construction wall facing the opening of the box is configured with a mesh-like body, what the other end of the anchor member is connected to the mesh-like body, specifically and target So that can be assembled into.
As a result, in the wave-dissipating structure unit, in addition to producing the same effect as the wave-dissipating structure unit according to claim 2, the mesh of the mesh-like body and the wire material that partitions the mesh are used. The connecting operation of the other end of the anchor member can be facilitated.

According to the invention according to claim 4 , as a unit for a wave-dissipating structure, a box having one of its constituent surfaces opened, and a surface layer disposed outside the box so as to cover the opening of the box and facing the outside are provided. A plurality of lump surface members to be formed; a filling material that is filled inwardly of the surface layer in the box to form an inner layer adjacent to the surface layer; and Anchor members that hold the layers so as to contact each other are provided, and each of the massive surface members protrudes more than the opening end face of the box can be specifically and accurately assembled.
As a result, if the unit for wave-dissipating structures is used, it is possible to easily construct a structure by stacking or laying it on a construction surface based on the shape of the box. From the viewpoint of ensuring wave performance, a wave-dissipating structure that exhibits high wave-dissipating performance by utilizing the fact that it is formed on a surface layer with a high porosity and an internal layer with a porosity lower than that surface layer Things can be easily constructed.
In addition, since each lump surface member and filling material are protected from external force based on each wall of the box, it is possible to prevent each lump surface member and filling material from being washed away with high certainty. High wave-dissipating performance can be maintained.
Moreover, since each lump-like surface member protrudes from the opening end surface of the box, the roughness can be increased in the wave-dissipating structure constructed by the unit for the wave-dissipating structure, and the flowing water energy, wave Energy absorption and attenuation effects can be enhanced.
In addition, the amount of filling material that can be filled in the box is increased (the porosity is reduced), and the wave-dissipating effect can be enhanced.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 8 show a first embodiment. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an upright wave breakwater used at sea. In this wave-dissipating revetment 1, a foundation rubble 2 is formed at the lower part thereof, and a concrete block 3 is stacked on the upper surface of the foundation rubble 2 while aligning the front surface (left side in FIG. 1).

  A plurality of wave-extinguishing structure units 4 according to the embodiment are stacked on the top of the concrete block 3. Each wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is stacked upright with its front face aligned with the front face of the concrete block 3, and each front face of the concrete block 3 and the plurality of wave-dissipating structure units 4 is vertical. A revetment wall is formed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each of the wave-dissipating structure units 4 is filled in a box 5, a plurality of anchored massive surface members 6 housed in the box 5, and the box 5. And walnut stone 7 as a filling material.

  The box 5 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape using a concrete wall as a water-impermeable wall. This box 5 has a pair of side wall parts 8, an upper wall part 9, a bottom wall part 10, and a back wall part 11 as concrete walls, and each of these wall parts 8 to 11 forms its outer shape, The front portion is formed with a front portion opening 12 without a wall, and the internal space of the box 5 faces the outside through the front portion opening 12. In the present embodiment, as the box 5, a concrete wall 30 constituting the upper wall portion 9 with respect to the one in which the pair of side wall portions 8, the bottom wall portion 10, and the back wall portion 11 are integrally formed, A mounting tool such as an embedded nut or a bolt or a fitting that uses a fitting (not shown) is used. The sizes are as follows: height L1 = 2400 mm, horizontal width L2 = 2400 mm, depth L3 = 2500 mm. Has been.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4, and 5, the box 5 has a protrusion 13 formed on the upper end surface (upper surface) of the both side wall portions 8, and the bottom wall portion 10 of the box 5. A recess 14 is formed in the (lower end surface of the side wall portion 8). The protrusion 13 is fitted into the recess 14 of the box 5 disposed on the upper stage of the box 5 including the protrusion 13, and the recess 14 protrudes from the box 5 disposed on the lower stage of the box 5 including the recess 14. The portion 13 is to be received in a fitted state, and thereby, the boxes 5 are restricted from moving in the front-rear direction (left-right direction in FIG. 1) while being stacked upright in the up-down direction. It is supposed to be. A plurality of attachment holes 15 for attaching an anchor member 17 to be described later are formed on the inner surface of the back wall portion 11 of the box 5 (see FIG. 3 and the like). The plurality of attachment holes 15 are formed in advance or on the inner surface of the back wall 11 using a drill or the like when attaching the anchor member 17.

  Each anchored massive surface member 6 housed in the box 5 is integrally provided with a natural stone 16 as an massive surface member and an anchor member 17, as shown in FIGS. Yes. The natural stone 16 is preferably as strong as possible. In the present embodiment, a natural stone having a size of about 600 mm is used. In this embodiment, the anchor member 17 includes two constituent wire rods 18a and 18b constituting the wire rod 18, and a turnbuckle 19 as a length adjusting means for connecting the two constituent wire rods 18a and 18b. . One component wire 18a has one end connected to the natural stone 16 and the other end (formed with a male thread) connected (screwed) to the turnbuckle 19. One of the constituent wires 18a is connected to the natural stone 16 by forming a hole in the natural stone 16, and inserting one end portion of the one constituent wire together with the adhesive into the hole, so that the natural stone 16 is integrated. For example, a nut (for example, an anchor type) is embedded, and one end portion (one having a male screw formed) of one of the constituent wire rods 18a is screwed into the nut and integrated. The other constituent wire rod 18b is connected (screwed) to the turnbuckle 19 at one end portion (with a male thread), and the other end portion is an attachment end for the attachment hole 15 on the inner surface of the back wall portion 11 of the box 5. It is considered to be a part. The turnbuckle 19 can be rotated relative to the constituent wire 18a (18b). With this turnbuckle 19, the other end of one constituent wire 18a and one end of the other constituent wire 18b The length of the anchor member 17 as a whole can be adjusted by approaching and separating them.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, each of the anchored massive surface members 6 is arranged such that each natural stone 16 closes the front opening 12 on the front opening 12 side of the box 5. The anchor member 17 extends substantially horizontally inside the box 5. The natural stone 16 closing the surface opening 12 of the box 5 forms a surface layer 20 on the opening side of the box 5, and the surface layer 20 (each natural stone 16) is the surface opening of the box 5. It is made to be substantially flush with the 12 end faces (a state that does not protrude). In each anchor member 17, the other end of the wire 18 (the other constituent wire 18 b) is inserted together with an adhesive into the attachment hole 15 in the inner surface of the back wall 11 of the box 5, and the anchor member 17 is inserted into the back wall 11 of the box 5. These anchor members 17 prevent the natural stones 16 from falling out of the box 5. In this case, the function of the turnbuckle 19 in each anchor member 17 is used (adjustment of the total length of the anchor member 17) and the position of the natural stone 16 is adjusted as necessary.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the cracked stone 7 is filled in the box 5 on the inner side (rear side) than the surface layer 20. Each cracked stone 7 meshes with each other by filling in the box 5 and is difficult to move, and the surface layer 20 (a plurality of natural stones 16) in the surface opening 12 of the box 5 causes the surface opening. The internal layer 21 is composed of the filled crushed stone 7. The cracked stone 7 is smaller than the natural stone 16 (having a diameter of about 200 mm). The porosity of the inner layer 21 formed by the cracked stone 7 is constituted by the natural stone 16. It is smaller than the porosity of the surface layer 20.

  As a result, each wave-dissipating structure unit not only exhibits a protective function as a revetment wall component, but also breaks the waves, guides the waves to the inside, based on the structure on the surface side (large porosity) In terms of suppressing the occurrence of splashes due to breaking waves, etc., it exhibits a favorable result and, based on the structure on the inner side (low porosity), exhibits a high wave-quenching effect (attenuation effect) for waves guided to the inside. It has become. Further, in each of the units for wave-dissipating structures, even if the porosity is the same (for example, 50%), even if the surface is a large void and the inside is a small void, the wave can be efficiently eliminated. A wave effect can be obtained.

  On the back side (rear side) of the foundation rubble 2, the concrete block 3, and the plurality of stacked units 4 for wave-dissipating structures, as shown in FIG. A layer 22 and a sand layer 23 are provided. The backside crushed stone layer 22 is filled with the crushed stone 24 up to the height of the substantially upper surface of the uppermost wave-dissipating structure unit 4, and the thickness of the backside crushed stone layer 22 varies from the basic rubble 2 to the uppermost concrete. At the height of about 3 squares, it is inclined to expand to the land side from the lower side to the upper side, and from the uppermost concrete block 3 to the upper end surface of the back crushed stone layer 22, the sea side as it goes upwards. It is inclined to narrow. Thereby, the installation stability of the backside crushed stone layer 22 is ensured, and the backside crushed stone layer 22 is prevented from falling to the sand layer 23 side. The sand layer 23 is disposed so as to be adjacent to the backside crushed stone layer 22. In a region where the sand layer 23 covers the backside crushed stone layer 22, the sand layer 23 is interposed between the sand layer 23 and the backside crushed stone layer 22. A sandproof sheet 25 is laid.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a top end block 26 is provided on the uppermost wave-dissipating structure unit 4, and the backside crushed stone layer 22 and the sand layer are located on the land side of the top end block 26. A top concrete layer 28 is laid on 23 via a stone layer 27. The top end block 26 forms a flat surface above the stacked wave-dissipating structure units 4 with the top surface thereof, and the top end concrete layer 28 forms a flat surface continuous with the top surface of the top end block 26. Yes. In FIG. 1, symbol H1 indicates the high water level of the sea surface, and H2 indicates the low water level of the sea surface.

Therefore, in such a wave breakwater 1, each wave-breaking structure unit 4 that constructs the wave breakwater 1 is preliminarily provided with a surface layer 20 having a large porosity and a void ratio smaller than that of the surface layer 20. Since the formed inner layer 21 is formed, high wave-dissipating performance is exhibited.
Moreover, it can pile up easily based on the shape as the box 5 of each wave-dissipating structure unit 4, and the upright wave-breaking revetment 1 can be easily constructed.
Moreover, since each natural stone 16 (bulk surface member) and cracked stone 7 (filling material) are protected from external forces based on the respective wall portions 8 to 11 of the box 5, each natural stone 16 and cracked stone 7 are washed away. This can be prevented with high certainty, and high wave-dissipating performance can be maintained over a long period of time.

Next, a method for assembling the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 used for the wave-dissipating revetment will be described.
First, the box 5, the plurality of anchored massive surface members 6, and the split stone 7 are prepared. In this case, the box 5 excludes the concrete wall 30 constituting the upper wall portion 9 (see FIGS. 4 to 6), and the internal space of the box 5 is exposed to the outside via the front opening 12 and the upper opening 29. Keep open.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality (three in the figure) anchored massive surface members 6 are arranged on the bottom wall portion 10 in the box 5. In this case, the anchor member 17 of each massive surface member 6 with an anchor is positioned so as to be located on the inner side of the natural stone 16 and extend substantially horizontally toward the back wall 11 side. Six natural stones 16 are arranged on the front opening 12 side, and the space between the side wall portions 8 is covered with natural stones 16. At this time, although the massive surface member 6 with an anchor is a long member, the box 5 is opened not only by the top opening 12 but also by the upper opening 29. The storing and arranging work is easily performed.

Next, the other end portion of each anchor member 17 (wire rod 18) (the other end portion of the other constituent wire rod 18b) is inserted into the attachment hole 15 on the inner surface of the back wall portion 11 of the box 5 together with the adhesive, and the anchor member 17 is inserted. Is integrated into the back wall 11. At this time, the entire extension length of each anchor member 17 is appropriately adjusted by the turnbuckle 19 so that the natural stone 16 of each anchored massive member 6 is located at a predetermined position.
In addition, regarding the integration of the anchor member 17 with the back wall portion 11, other means such as a metal hit anchor may be used instead of the adhesive.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the walnut stone 7 is filled in the box 5 on the inner side of the natural stone 16 of the anchored massive surface member 6. In this case, the walnut stone 7 is filled up to the height of the upper part of each natural stone 16, and the filling layer of the walnut stone 7 embeds each anchor member 17 and the next new massive surface member 6 with an anchor. A laying surface for laying is formed. Thereafter, the laying operation of the anchored massive surface member 6 and the filling operation of the walnut stone 7 are sequentially repeated, and the operation is performed up to the upper portion of the box 5 as shown in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the concrete wall 30 is attached to the upper portion of the box 5, and the upper wall portion 9 is formed on the upper portion of the box 5. This means that the assembly of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 has been completed, and such a wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is provided for the construction of the upright wave-dissipating revetment 1.

  Next, a method of using the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 (a construction method for constructing an upright wave-dissipating revetment 1 as a wave-dissipating structure) will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 7, the concrete blocks 3 are arranged on the upper surface of the above-mentioned basic rubble 2, and on the back side thereof, the crushed stone 24 is filled up to the upper surface of the uppermost concrete block 3 and the backside crushed stone Layer 22 is formed.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is disposed on the concrete block 3. At this time, the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is arranged so that the end surface of the surface opening 12 is flush with the surface of the concrete block 3 while the surface opening 12 faces the sea side.

  Next, on the back side of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4, the crushed stone 24 is filled up to the upper surface, and the back crushed stone layer 22 is stacked upward. In this case, the land-side boundary surface 32 of the back-side crushed stone layer 22 is inclined so as to approach the sea side (the unit 4 for the wave-dissipating structure) as it goes upward, and the land-side boundary surface of the back-side crushed stone layer 22 A sandproof sheet 25 is laid on 32. Thereafter, the stacking operation of the unit 4 for the wave-dissipating structure, the filling of the crushed stones 24 behind the unit (addition of the crushed crushed stone layer 22), and the land-side boundary of the crushed crushed stone layer 22 to be piled up The operation of laying the sandproof sheet 25 on the surface 32 is repeated, and the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is stacked until reaching a predetermined level, and the top end block 26 is placed on the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 at the uppermost level. It is laid (see FIG. 1).

  Next, on the back side of the unit 4 for the wave-dissipating structure, the sand is refilled on the land-side boundary surface 32 of the back crushed stone layer 22 to a height near the lower part of the top end block 26, and the sand layer 23 The backside crushed stone layer 22 forms an adjacent layer. In this case, in the region above the concrete block 3, the sandproof sheet 25 is interposed between the sand layer 23 and the backside crushed stone layer 22, and the sand of the sand layer 23 enters the backside crushed stone layer 22. It will be prevented.

  Next, a top concrete layer 28 is formed on the upper end surface of the backside crushed stone layer 22 and the upper end surface of the sand layer 23 through a stone layer 27. The top concrete layer 28 is formed so that the top surface thereof is continuous with the top surface of the top block 26, and the upright breakwater revetment 1 is constructed by finishing this work.

  9 and 10 are the second embodiment, FIGS. 11 and 12 are the third embodiment, FIG. 13 is the fourth embodiment, FIG. 14 is the fifth embodiment, FIG. 15 is the sixth embodiment, and FIGS. 18 is the seventh embodiment, FIG. 19 is the eighth embodiment, FIGS. 20 to 25 are the ninth embodiment, FIGS. 26 and 27 are the tenth embodiment, FIG. 28 is the eleventh embodiment, and FIGS. Shows the twelfth embodiment, and FIG. 35 shows the thirteenth embodiment. In each of the embodiments, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The second embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 shows a modification of the wave-extinguishing structure unit 4 according to the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, one end of the wire 18 is connected to the natural stone 16 as the massive surface member 6 with an anchor, and a stopper portion (formed in a ring shape by bending the wire is formed on the other end of the wire 18. A stopper panel 34 having an insertion hole (not shown) at the center is prepared, and the wire 18 is inserted into the hole of the stopper panel 34, and the stopper panel 34 is the stopper portion 33. It is regulated so that it cannot be escaped.

  In the present embodiment, each of the massive surface members 6 with anchors is formed in such a manner that the anchor member 17 is embedded in the inner layer 21 in the box 5 and the inner layer (the cut stone 7 is engaged). 1) and the stopper panel 34 are engaged, and the movement resistance of the anchor member 17 is secured based on the engagement.

Therefore, even if the other end portion of the wire 18 in the anchor member 17 is not attached to the box back wall portion 11, the inner layer 21 is configured only by burying the anchor member 17 (the stopper panel 34 or the like) in the inner layer 21. The natural stone 16 can be prevented from falling out of the box 5 by engaging the split stone 7 and the stopper panel 34.
Moreover, in the assembly process of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4, as shown in FIG. 10, the massive surface member 6 with an anchor is disposed in the box 5, and the anchor member 17 is simply embedded with the cracked stone 7. The work of attaching the other end of the anchor member 17 to the box back wall 11 can be omitted, and the assembling work can be simplified.

  In the third embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the box 5 is formed by a lattice-like wall portion 8 to 11 (wall body having a lattice 35 (for example, about 0.2 m on a side)) that is a wall through which flowing water can pass. The flow of flowing water between the inside and outside of the box 5 is ensured not only based on the front opening 12 but also based on the lattices 35 of the wall portions 8 to 11. In this embodiment, the box 5 is formed by assembling a wall portion formed using a band material (iron material, cast iron, plastic (including fiber reinforced plastic), etc.) (bolt, nut, etc.). May be formed using concrete. A plurality of anchored massive surface members 6 are housed in the box 5 as in the above embodiments. Each anchored massive surface member 6 is provided with a stopper panel 34 or the like at the other end of the anchor member 17 as shown in the second embodiment in order to ensure its movement resistance. (Written stone 7) 21 may be engaged, but in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 12, the lattice partition material 36 (strip material) of the back wall 11 is used for connection. Further, a ring-shaped portion 37 is formed at the other end of the wire 18 (anchor member 17), and the ring-shaped portion 37 and the lattice partition material 36 of the back wall portion 11 are connected via a shackle 38 as a connecting means. Has been. Also in the assembly of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4, the same method as in the first embodiment (initially, the front and upper portions of the box 5 are opened, and after the surface layer 20 and the inner layer 21 are formed, the upper openings are opened. Are closed to form the upper wall portion 9).

  Therefore, if the revetment 1 is constructed using this wave-extinguishing structure unit 4, the inner layers 21 in each box 5 communicate with each other through the lattice 35 of each box 5, and the wave energy is attenuated. The effect can be enhanced.

  The fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 13 shows a modification of the third embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, a hook portion 39 is attached as an attachment member for attaching the anchor member 17 to the inner surface of the back wall portion 11, and the ring-shaped portion 37 of the anchor member 17 is connected to the hook portion 39 as a connecting means. It is connected via a shackle 38.

  The fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 14 shows a modification of the third embodiment. In the fourth embodiment, an insertion hole 41 for attaching the other end portion of the anchor member 17 (wire 18) is formed in the back wall portion 11, while a male screw 40 is formed in the other end portion of the anchor member 17. After inserting the other end of the wire 18 into the insertion hole 41 of the back wall 11, a nut 42 is screwed to the other end. Accordingly, the movement of the anchor member 17 to the outside of the front portion of the box 5 is restricted using the nut 42 as a stopper. In particular, in the present embodiment, the insertion hole 41 is formed at the intersection of the strips from the viewpoint of increasing the support strength.

  The sixth embodiment shown in FIG. 15 shows the contents of using the wave-extinguishing structure unit 4 according to the first embodiment for the construction of the steep wave-extinguishing wave breakwater 1. In the sixth embodiment, the wave-extinguishing structure units 4 are stacked on the foundation block 43 with a steep slope of, for example, 1: 0.5, and the surface layer 20 that forms the revetment wall faces upward. It is inclined to retract backwards as it goes. On the back surface of the stacked unit 4 for wave-dissipating structure, a sucking prevention member 44 for preventing sucking of earth and sand is laid. H represents the water level on the sea surface.

  The seventh embodiment shown in FIGS. 16 to 18 shows the contents of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 used for constructing the gentle-gradient wave-dissipating revetment 1. In the seventh embodiment, a large number of wave-dissipating structure units 4 are laid on the slope as the construction surface via the suction prevention member 44 with the surface layer 20 facing upward, The slope is protected by the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 and the wave-dissipating function is secured. In this case, it is preferable that the respective wave-extinguishing structure units 4 are connected to each other.

  The unit 4 for wave-dissipating structures used for the gentle-gradient wave breakwater 1 is the same as that used for the upright wave breakwater breaker (first embodiment) and the steep wave breakwater breakwater (second embodiment). In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 having a shallower (shorter) depth than those according to the first and second embodiments is provided. It is used. A hook portion 39 is attached as an attachment member to the inner surface of the back wall portion 11 of the box 5 in the wave-dissipating structure unit 4, and is formed on the other end portion of the anchor member 17 (wire 18) with respect to the hook portion 39. The ring-shaped portions 37 are connected via a plurality of shackles 38. The plurality of shackles 38 have a function of adjusting the position of the natural stone 16 constituting the surface layer portion 20 in addition to the function of connecting the anchor member 17 and the back wall portion 11 of the box 5. The assembling method of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 is also assembled by the same method as in the first embodiment.

In the eighth embodiment shown in FIG. 19, a concrete layer 45 is interposed between the inner layer 21 and the back wall portion 11, and is formed on the concrete layer 45 at the other end of each anchor member 17 (wire 18). A stopper 33 is embedded. Thereby, the natural stone 16 is firmly held by the concrete layer 45 via the anchor member 17, and the natural stone 16 can be prevented from falling off.
Regarding the assembly of the wave-dissipating structure unit 4, as in the case of the first embodiment, the anchored massive surface member 6 and the crushed stone 7 are sequentially stacked without the upper wall portion 9. However, at this time, concrete is filled accordingly (every time the anchored massive surface member 6 or the like is stacked).

In the ninth embodiment shown in FIG. 20 to FIG. 25, as the box 5, a frame body 49 (for example, made of concrete) that divides the front part opening 12 into a substantially square shape with one end side opening, and the other end side of the frame body 49. The wire mesh 46 (mesh) attached to close the other end side opening is used, and the mesh of the wire mesh 46 is used for connecting the other end of the anchor member 17. .
That is, in the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 according to this embodiment, the natural stone 16 is arranged on one end side of the frame body 49 (box 5) to form the surface layer 20, whereas each natural stone 16 thereof. The anchor member 17 is connected to one end of the anchor member 17 and the other end extends to the wire mesh 46 side. A ring-shaped portion 37 is formed at the other end portion of the anchor member 17, and the ring-shaped portion 37 is connected to a mesh section wire 47 through a shackle 38 as a connecting means. The movement (dropout) of 16 is prevented. In FIG. 20, the inner layer 21 interposed between the surface layer 20 and the wire mesh 46 is omitted.

  When assembling the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 according to the ninth embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 21, a frame 49 that will form the box 5 is installed on the lid 48.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 22, a plurality of anchored massive surface members 6 are accommodated in the frame 49 from the upper side opening (the other end side opening). At this time, in order to form the surface layer 20, the natural stone 16 of each anchored massive surface member 6 is placed below the anchor member 17, and the lower side in the frame 49 is spread by the natural stone 16.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 23, the cracked stone 7 is filled in the frame 49. This is to form the inner layer 21 in which the split stones 7 are engaged with each other. At this time, since the lower opening (one-end opening) of the frame 49 is closed by the natural stone 16 forming the surface layer 20, the split stone 7 does not flow down below the natural stone 16. Absent.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 24, a metal mesh 46 as a mesh body is attached to the upper portion of the frame 49, and the upper opening of the frame 49 is covered with the metal mesh 46 (formation of the box 5). A ring-shaped portion 37 at the other end of the anchor member 17 in each massive surface member 6 with an anchor is connected using a shackle 38. In this case, the metal mesh 46 may be attached to the frame 49 after the other end of the anchor member 17 is attached to the metal mesh 46.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 25, the frame 48 is reversed. At this time, the lid 48 reliably prevents the natural stone 16 and the split stone 7 from flowing out of the frame 49. After the frame body 48 is inverted, the lid body 48 is removed, and the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 according to the ninth embodiment is completed.

  The tenth embodiment shown in FIGS. 26 and 27 shows a modification of the ninth embodiment. In the tenth embodiment, the frame 49 is formed using a grid-like wall, and its lower opening is covered with a metal mesh 46 to form the box 5. As a result, the inner layers 21 of the wave-extinguishing structure units 4 communicate with each other on the basis of the lattices 35 of the lattice-like wall, and the wave energy attenuation effect can be enhanced. In FIG. 27, the cracked stone 7 constituting the inner layer 21 is omitted.

  The eleventh embodiment shown in FIG. 28 shows the content of using the wave extinguishing structure unit 4 for the rooting structure 55. In the present embodiment, the wave-extinguishing structure unit 4 (see FIG. 18) according to the seventh embodiment is laid in a rooting construction area 56 in seawater, and the surface layer 20 forms a rooting surface. ing. Thereby, the root-packing structure 55 constructed by the wave-damping structure unit 4 exhibits a root-hardening function and a wave-breaking function. In addition, the code | symbol H shows the water level of a sea surface, and the code | symbol 57 shows the natural stone group which protects a slope.

  The twelfth embodiment shown in FIG. 29 shows a modification of the eleventh embodiment. In the twelfth embodiment, the natural stone 16 of each anchored massive surface member 6 is protruded from the opening of the frame 49, and the roughness is increased. By using this unit 4 for wave-dissipating structures, it is possible to exhibit a firming function, reduce the flow velocity, and enhance the wave energy attenuation effect.

  When assembling the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 according to the twelfth embodiment, first, a plurality of anchored massive surface members 6 are arranged on a lid 48 as shown in FIG. At this time, each anchored massive surface member 6 is arranged such that its natural stone 16 is located below the anchor member 17.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 31, a frame body 49 having a support wall 50 (expanded diameter portion) whose inner diameter is larger than that of other portions is prepared, and the frame body 49 having the support wall 50 is supported. The plurality of anchored massive surface members 6 are covered with the wall 50 facing downward. Then, a plurality of natural stones 16 are stored in the supporting wall 50 to the full extent.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 32, the above-mentioned frame 49 is filled with the split stone 7. This is because, on the back side of the surface layer 20, the inner layer 21 in which the split stones 7 mesh with each other is formed. At this time, since the frame body 48 is closed by the natural stone 16 forming the surface layer 20, the split stone 7 does not flow down below the natural stone 16 (supporting wall 50 side).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 33, a metal mesh 46 as a mesh body is attached to the upper portion of the frame 49, and the upper opening of the frame 49 is covered with the metal mesh 46. And the ring-shaped part 37 of the anchor member 17 other end part in the massive surface member 6 with each anchor is connected to the wire mesh 46 using the shackle 38. In this case, the metal mesh 46 may be attached to the frame 49 after the other end of the anchor member 17 is attached to the metal mesh 46.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 34, the frame 48 is inverted. At this time, the lid 48 surely prevents the natural stone 16 and the split stone 7 from flowing out of the support wall 50 and the frame 49.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 29, the lid 48 and the support wall 50 are removed. As a result, the natural stones 16 protrude from the frame 49, the roughness of the surface portion is increased, and the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 according to the present embodiment is obtained.

  The thirteenth embodiment shown in FIG. 35 shows the content of using the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 for constructing an artificial leaf (wave-dissipating structure). In the present embodiment, the wave-dissipating structure unit 4 (see FIG. 18) according to the seventh embodiment is laid on an artificial leaf building mound 52 constructed with rubble, and each wave-dissipating structure unit. The wave energy extinguishing performance is to be ensured by 4. Thereby, after constructing the mound 52 for artificial leaf construction, high wave-dissipating performance can be obtained only by laying the wave-dissipating structure unit 4. In this case, it goes without saying that it is preferable to connect the units 4 for wave-dissipating structures to each other.

Although the embodiment has been described above, the present invention includes the following aspects.
(1) The massive surface member is not limited to the natural stone 16, and various materials such as pseudo stones, artificial stones, blocks, and thin plate-like members should be used as appropriate.
(2) The present invention is not limited to seawalls, retaining walls, etc. in the sea, but also applies to lakes, riverwalls, retaining walls, etc.
(3) As the box 5, use what assembled the concrete wall which comprises each wall parts 8-11.
(4) Instead of concrete, use iron, resin, etc. as the material of the non-permeable wall of the box 5.
(5) Use a wall having a hole for allowing the running water to communicate between the inside and the outside of the box 5 so that the wave pressure is attenuated by the hole.
(6) Instead of making the porosity of the inner layer 21 formed by the split stone 7 smaller than the porosity of the surface layer 20 formed by the natural stone 16, even if the porosity is the same, Making the size of the gap smaller than the size of the gap in the surface layer 20.
(7) The wave-extinguishing structure unit 4 according to each embodiment is appropriately used for the revetment 1, the consolidation structure 55, and the artificial leaf 51.

Explanatory drawing explaining the upright wave breakwater which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The perspective view which shows the unit for wave-dissipating structures used for construction | assembly of the upright wave-breakwater revetment which concerns on 1st Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the assembly process of the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the construction process of the upright wave breakwater which concerns on FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next construction process of FIG. The longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the unit for wave-dissipating structures concerning 2nd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the assembly process of the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. The perspective view explaining the unit for wave-extinguishing structures concerning 3rd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the connection aspect of the anchor member and grid | lattice-like wall (back wall part) used with the unit for wave-dissipating structures concerning 3rd Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the connection aspect of the anchor member which concerns on 4th Embodiment, and a grid | lattice-like wall (back wall part). Explanatory drawing explaining the connection aspect of the anchor member which concerns on 5th Embodiment, and a grid | lattice-like wall (back wall part). The longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the steep slope water breakwater which concerns on 6th Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the gentle gradient wave breakwater according to the seventh embodiment. The perspective view which shows the unit for wave-dissipating structures used for the gentle-gradient wave breakwater revetment which concerns on 7th Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. Sectional drawing explaining the unit for wave-extinguishing structures concerning 8th Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the unit for wave-dissipating structures concerning 9th Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the assembly process of the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the following assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the following assembly process of FIG. The perspective view which shows the unit for wave-dissipating structures concerning 10th Embodiment. Explanatory drawing explaining the internal structure of the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on 10th Embodiment. The longitudinal cross-sectional view explaining the root hardening structure which concerns on 11th Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the unit for wave-dissipating structures concerning 12th Embodiment. Explanatory drawing which shows the assembly process of the unit for wave-dissipating structures based on FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the next assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the following assembly process of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the artificial leaf which concerns on 13th Embodiment.

1 Wavebreak Revetment 4 Wavebreak Structure Unit 5 Box 6 Massive Surface Member with Anchor 7 Warrior Stone (Filling Material)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Back wall part 12 Front part opening 16 Natural stone 17 Anchor member 20 Surface layer 21 Inner layer 29 Upper opening 35 Lattice 36 Lattice division member 46 Wire mesh (net-like piece)
50 Support wall (expanded part)
51 Artificial reef 52 Artificial reef mound 55 Root structure

Claims (4)

A plurality of massive surface members that are disposed so as to cover the opening on the opening side of the box and form a surface layer in the box in which one of the constituent surfaces is open; and inward of the surface layer in the box A method for assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure comprising: a filling material that is filled on the side to form an inner layer; and an anchor member that holds each of the massive surface members in contact with the inner layer. And
First, a box whose front and upper parts are continuously opened to the outside, a wall for covering the upper opening of the box, and one end of the anchor member are connected to the massive surface member. Prepare an anchored lump surface member provided with resistance increasing means at the end, and a filling material,
Next, in the box, the massive surface members of the massive surface member with anchors are stacked in a plurality of stages from the lower side on the front opening side of the box, and the anchor members connected to the massive surface members are substantially parallel to each other. On the other hand, each time the stacked surface members with anchors are stacked, the filling material is introduced from the opening of the box and the anchor members are embedded with the filling material,
After that, on the condition that the anchored lump surface member and the filling material have reached the top of the box, the upper opening of the box is covered with the wall body,
A method of assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure characterized by the above. A plurality of massive surface members that are disposed so as to cover the opening on the opening side of the box and form a surface layer in the box in which one of the constituent surfaces is open; and inward of the surface layer in the box A method for assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure comprising: a filling material that is filled on the side to form an inner layer; and an anchor member that holds each of the massive surface members in contact with the inner layer. And
First, a box whose front and upper portions are continuously opened to the outside, a wall for covering the upper opening of the box, and a lump-like surface with an anchor in which one end of an anchor member is connected to the lump-like surface member Prepare the material and filling material,
Next, in the box, the massive surface members of the massive surface member with anchors are stacked in a plurality of stages from the lower side on the front opening side of the box, and other anchor members connected to the massive surface members The end portion is connected to the inner wall of the box each time the massive surface members are stacked, while the filling material is introduced from the opening of the box each time the anchored massive surface members are stacked. Embedded each anchor member with the filling material,
After this, on the condition that the massive surface member with anchor and the filling material have reached the upper part of the box, the upper opening of the box is covered with the wall body,
A method of assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure characterized by the above. Prepare a frame body having an opening on the upper side and the lower side, a net-like body, a massive surface member with an anchor in which one end portion of the anchor member is connected to the massive surface member, and a filling material,
First, the plurality of anchored massive surface members are accommodated in the frame body, and the anchor member of each anchored massive surface member is positioned above the massive surface member, and the plurality of anchored massive surface members The lower surface opening of the frame body is covered with a lump surface member of
Next, the filling material is filled up to the upper part of the frame through the upper opening of the frame,
Next, the net-like body is placed on the frame body so as to cover the upper opening of the frame body,
Next, attaching the other end of the anchor of the anchored massive surface member to the mesh body and attaching the mesh body to the frame body ,
A method of assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure characterized by the above. An anchored lump in which one end of an anchor is connected to a frame, a net-like body, and a lump-like surface member that are open on the upper and lower sides and provided with a diameter-enlarged portion on the lower side. Prepare the surface member and filling material,
First, a plurality of anchored massive surface members are accommodated in the frame body, and the anchor surface members of the anchored massive surface members are positioned higher than the massive surface member, and the enlarged surface members are expanded. So that it can be fully packed in the diameter section,
Next, the filling material is filled up to the upper part of the frame through the upper opening of the frame,
Next, the net-like body is placed on the frame body so as to cover the upper opening of the frame body,
Next, attaching the other end of the anchor of the anchored massive surface member to the mesh, and attaching the mesh to the frame,
Next, the frame is inverted so that the massive surface member of the anchored massive surface member in the frame is positioned above the anchor member,
Next, the diameter-increasing part on the lower side of the frame is removed,
A method of assembling a unit for a wave-dissipating structure characterized by the above.

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