JP4340243B2 - Building demolition method - Google Patents

Description

  For example, the present invention can be implemented by lifting an existing building having a multi-layered structure such as a large store building such as a housing complex, an office building, or a department store on the top floor (the roof or a floor slab on the lower floor). The present invention relates to a method for demolishing a building that is sequentially demolished from floor to floor.

  When dismantling existing buildings, if the building height is high and dismantling from the ground is impossible, the lifting machine will be lifted to the top floor and then dismantled sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor Often takes a method. If the floor strength of the existing building alone cannot support the load of the weight-removing machine, the floor slab must be reinforced in the vertical direction.

  In such a case, conventionally, as described in Non-Patent Document 1, the floor slab for several layers is supported by a strong steel support installed on the floor slab below the floor on which the weight lifting machine operates. In addition, the weight and work load of the weight-removing machine are distributed to the existing frame on each floor. After the dismantling of the upper floor, the removed strong support was gradually replaced to the lower floor.

  However, this conventional technique has the following problems. First, the interval and the number of strong supports to be installed are determined by considering the floor strength of the existing building, but the strong supports are usually installed in a grid shape with an interval of 1000 to 1500 mm. In a building having a large area per floor, the number of strong supports is enormous, for example, 6000 to 7000, and it is difficult to procure a necessary amount of strong supports.

  Secondly, if the floor strength of the existing building is weak, the interval between the strong supports will be narrow, so the strong support that stands will be an obstacle, and it will take a lot of effort and time to install and replace the strong support. is there.

  Thirdly, the strong support is heavy as much as 30kg per bottle, so its transportation is a heavy labor, and the replacement of the strong support is often done manually from the temporary opening and the stairs, It requires labor and is a work with considerable danger.

  Fourth, in a building with a large area per floor, the floor is divided into multiple work areas, and the removed strong support is collected and replaced in the lower layer for each work area that has been demolished. Because of this, the amount of companion work in the immediate vicinity of the dismantling machine is increased, considerable care is required to ensure safety, and workers who replace the strong support do not enter directly under the work area being dismantled Safety management is difficult.

"Guidelines for dismantling construction of reinforced concrete buildings, etc. (draft), commentary on pages 172 to 175": December 10, 1998 Published by Architectural Institute of Japan

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above points. The purpose of the present invention is to lift a weight-removal machine to the top floor and to sequentially dismantle from the upper floor to the lower floor. An object of the dismantling method is to make it possible to dismantle safely and quickly by eliminating the need to install and replace a steel strong support that supports the floor slab below the floor on which the dismantling machine operates.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, technical measures taken by the present invention are as follows. That is, the method for demolishing a building according to the first aspect of the present invention is based on the fact that the existing floor slab is cemented to the existing floor slab when the existing building is sequentially demolished from the upper floor to the lower floor by the weight dismantling machine that has been carried to the top floor. After constructing a bunch of cohesive fluids on-site and reinforcing the floor slab in the vertical direction, carry in the dismantling machine and disassemble the bunk pillars in sequence from the upper floor to the lower floor. It is characterized by.

  A method for demolishing a building according to claim 2 is a method for demolishing a building according to claim 1, wherein a reinforced concrete floor is used to transmit force to an existing frame of the building on the upper surface of the floor slab of the intermediate floor. After constructing the reinforced concrete floor to the floor slab of the uppermost floor by building a cast column of cement-based caking fluids in-situ, reinforcing the floor slab in the vertical direction, and then carrying in the de-weight machine It is characterized by dismantling the bundle pillars sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor.

  The method for demolishing a building according to the invention described in claim 3 is the method for demolishing the building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the core hole is drilled in the floor slab on the upper floor and then bundled below the core hole. It is characterized in that a column-shaped frame is built in and a cement-based caking fluid is cast into the column-shaped frame from the floor slab on the upper floor through the core hole to build a bundle column. .

  The method for demolishing a building according to the invention described in claim 4 is the method for demolishing a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein high-standard fluidized soil is used as the cement-based caking fluid. It is characterized by.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building demolition method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein a building pillar having a capital provided at the top is constructed.

The building demolishing method according to the invention described in claim 6 is the building demolishing method according to claim 3 , wherein a duct spiral pipe is used as a scraping frame.

The building demolition method according to the invention described in claim 7 is the building demolition method according to claim 3 , characterized in that a void tube (cylindrical cardboard product) is used as a disposal frame.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the floor slab below the floor on which the weight-removing machine operates is cemented when the weight-removing machine is lifted to the top floor and sequentially disassembled from the upper floor to the lower floor. Supporting with solid pillars of solidified fluids on site and dismantling the bundle pillars from the upper floor to the lower floor one after another, so there is no need to install and replace steel strong supports. There is no risky heavy work such as collecting a certain strong support and moving it from a temporary opening or staircase to a lower layer by human power, even in a building with a large area per floor, a companion work in the immediate vicinity of a weight lifting machine The amount is reduced and can be dismantled safely and quickly.

  In addition, because it is a bundled column made of cement-based caking fluid, it can be used even when the number of bundled columns is considerably large, such as when a building with a large area per floor is demolished. Yes, you don't have to worry about material procurement.

According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the above-described effect, a reinforced concrete floor for transmitting force to the existing frame of the building is constructed on the upper surface of the floor slab of the intermediate floor (for example, the second floor). Since a bunch of cast-in-solid cemented fluids will be built from the reinforced concrete floor to the top floor slab, the flow line of the vehicle carrying the demolition glass to the lower floor (for example, the first floor) of the reinforced concrete floor There is an effect that it can be secured. That is, when there is no space for unloading the demolition glass on the outer periphery of the building, the demolition glass is usually dropped to the first floor from the glass drop opening formed in the floor slab. If the forest is standing, it will not be possible to secure the flow line of the dismantled glass unloading vehicle, which will hinder the removal of waste materials.However, according to the present invention, a bundle pillar is not built below the reinforced concrete floor. Inconvenience can be avoided.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, after the core hole is drilled in the floor slab on the upper floor, a disposal frame for a bundle pillar is built below the core hole, and the core hole is formed from the floor slab on the upper floor. Since the cemented solidified fluid is placed in the discarding frame through the bundling column to construct the bundle pillar, the placing work is easier than the case where the casting port is provided on the side surface of the discarding frame. In addition, the upper and lower bundle pillars of the floor slab are connected together with a cement-based caking fluid placed in the core hole, and the axial force applied to the bundle pillars is reliably transmitted from the upper floor to the lower floor. There is an effect that can be done. In addition, because it is a discarding frame, not only is it unnecessary to remove the mold, but it does not require much strength as a mold, so it can be easily disassembled for each dismantling frame when disassembling a bundle pillar with a weight-removing machine. become.

  In the inventions according to claims 1 to 3, the cement-based caking fluid may be concrete (green concrete), but according to the invention according to claim 4, the cement-based caking fluid Since high-standard fluidized soil is used, material costs are lower than when concrete is used, and costs can be reduced.

  According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, since the bundle pillar having the capital provided at the top is constructed, the resistance against punching (shear fracture) of the floor slab is increased for the shaft diameter of the bundle pillar, and the floor slab The number of the bundle pillars can be suppressed as much as possible by setting a wide interval (interval between the bundle pillars) for supporting.

  As the discard frame, various materials can be used, but a duct spiral tube or a void tube (cylindrical cardboard product) can be used as in the inventions of claims 6 and 7. If it is light and inexpensive, it is possible to improve the workability and reduce the cost.

1 to 5 show a building demolition method according to the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an existing building having a multilayer structure such as a large store building such as an apartment house, an office building, or a department store. The illustrated building 1 has eight floors above ground, F _{1 to} F ₈ are floor slabs of the first to eighth floors, and R is a roof slab (roof slab). Reference numeral 2 denotes a pillar, and 3 denotes a beam, which constitutes a frame of the building 1.

When the above-described building 1 is sequentially dismantled from the upper floor to the lower floor by the dismantling machine A carried into the top floor, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. Floor slabs (existing floor slabs F _{2 to} F ₈ ) are built with cast columns 4 made of cement-based caking fluid, and floor slabs F _{2 to} F ₈ and roof slabs (roof slabs) After the reinforcement of R in the vertical direction, the dismantling machine A is carried into the roof slab R, and the dismantling machine A breaks the tower and the roof slab R, etc. The slope is formed, moved to the lower floor, and thereafter, the same operation is repeated, and the bundle pillars 4 are disassembled sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor as shown in FIG. . The dismantling glass of the bundle pillar 4 is handled together with other dismantling glass.

In addition, when the above building 1 is sequentially dismantled from the upper floor to the lower floor by the dismantling machine A carried into the top floor, the dismantling machine A is carried into the lower floor of the roof slab (in the illustrated example, the eighth floor). Then, if the dismantling machine A is used to dismantle from the upper floor to the lower floor, as shown in FIG.
A floor column slab F _{2 to} F ₈ is constructed by constructing a bundle column 4 by in-situ casting of cement-based caking fluid on the floor slab (existing floor slabs F _{2 to} F ₇ ) from the floor on which the weight lifting machine A works. after the vertical reinforcement, it will carry the dismantling heavy machinery a from an opening 5 formed in the roof slab (roof floor slab R) to the floor slab F _8. In this case, since the weight lifting machine A cannot be used to form the opening 5, the opening 5 is formed by the hand breaker, and the roadway opening (not shown) to the lower floor is formed by the weight lifting machine A. . In any of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the spacing and the number of the bundle pillars 4 are determined by considering the floor strength of the existing building. For example, a grid having a spacing of 2000 mm with respect to a floor slab having a span L of 6000 mm. Four bundle pillars 4 are built in the shape.

When there is a space for unloading the demolition glass on the outer periphery of the building 1, there is no inconvenience for carrying out the waste material even if the bundle column 4 is built on the floor slab F ₁ on the first floor, but in this embodiment, the outer periphery of the building 1 dismantling no space for unloading the glass, demolition glass dropped on the first floor from the floor slab F ₂ to F ₈ the formed glass dropped opening (not shown), which outside the building demolition Gala unloaded vehicle B Since it is intended to be carried out, an RC reinforced concrete floor 6 is constructed on the upper surface of the floor slab F ₂ on the second floor (which is an example of an intermediate floor) to transmit the force to the existing frame of the building. By building the bundle pillars 4 from the concrete floor 6 to the floor slab F _{8 on the} uppermost floor, the bundle pillars 4 are prevented from being forested on the first floor, and the flow line of the dismantled glass unloading vehicle B is secured.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the bundle pillar 4 is constructed by placing a cement-based caking fluid 8 inside a discard frame 7 built in a predetermined position. The top of the bundle pillar 4 is provided with a capital (a columnar portion having a diameter larger than the axis of the bundle pillar 4) 4a for increasing resistance to punching (shear fracture) of the floor slab. a is a core hole formed in the floor slab of the upper floor, 9 is a connecting reinforcing bar embedded in a state protruding up and down from the core hole a by a length necessary for fixing, 10 is a capital reinforcing reinforcing bar, and 11 is a round frame 7 is a stopper such as a concrete nail for fixing 7. Since the bundle pillar 4 only bears a compressive force, the reinforcing reinforcing bars are not embedded in the intermediate portion in the vertical direction of the shaft portion, and are in an unreinforced state. The inner diameter of the core hole a is set to 200 mm, the diameter of the shaft portion of the bundle pillar 4 is set to 250 mm, and the diameter of the capital 4a is set to 800 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the scraping frame 7 is manufactured using a light-weight spiral duct 12 for light ducts used for air conditioning equipment construction. A discarding frame portion 13 for forming a capital made of a thin iron plate of the same degree is provided. A plurality of attachment pieces 14 for the housing are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction at the lower end of the spiral tube 12 and the upper end of the capital-forming discarding frame portion 13. The spiral tube 12 serving as the scraping frame portion for forming the shaft portion of the bundle pillar 4 and the discarding frame portion 13 for forming the capital may be connected and integrated with each other. The spiral tube 12 is slidably inserted into a hole formed in the center of the bottom plate portion of the portion 13 so that the total length of the discard frame 7 can be finely adjusted according to the floor height.

Next, an example of the construction procedure of the bundle pillar 4 will be described based on the drawings. First, as shown in FIG. 7, after drilling a core hole a on the third floor of the floor slab F _3, the捨型frame 7 for Tababashira below the core hole a, the second floor of reinforced concrete floor 6 The connecting rebar 9 protruding upward is built in a state where it is inserted into the lower end opening of the discard frame 7 and fixed with a stopper 11 such as a concrete nail. The scraping frame portion 13 for forming the capital is lowered to an appropriate position with respect to the spiral tube 12.

  In the examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the connecting reinforcing bars 9 are arranged before placing the concrete on the reinforced concrete floor 6. However, as the connecting reinforcing bars 9 that protrude upward from the reinforced concrete floor 6, reinforcement After the concrete floor 6 is formed, the upper surface of the concrete floor 6 may be drilled to form a so-called post-placed anchor in which the connecting rebar 9 is driven (the same applies to the examples of FIGS. 11 and 12 described later).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8, with the capital reinforcing reinforcing bars 10 arranged inside the discarded frame portion 13, the discarded frame portion 13 is slid upward with respect to the spiral tube 12, and the floor on the third floor the lower surface of the slab F ₃ fixed with stopper 11, such as concrete nails.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, the connecting reinforcing bar 9 is inserted from above the core hole a and supported by the capital reinforcing reinforcing bar 10.

In this state, as shown in FIG. 10, a cement-based caustic fluid 8 is cast into the scraping frame 7 from the core hole a, and the bundle pillar 4 for one layer is built. Hereinafter, by repeating the same procedure, as shown in FIG. 1, to the top floor of the roof slab (roof floor slab R), or, as shown in FIG. 2, until the top floor of the floor slab F _8, vertical The bundle pillars 4 are constructed in a continuous manner, and then the dismantling machine A is lifted to the top floor and the dismantling work is started.

  Although not shown, in the state shown in FIG. 8, the cement-based caking fluid 8 is cast from the core hole a into the discard frame 7, and then the cement-based caking fluid 8 is not yet solidified. The connecting reinforcing bar 9 may be inserted from above the core hole a at an appropriate time.

  The cement-based caking fluid 8 may be concrete (fresh concrete), but in this embodiment, in order to reduce costs, high-standard fluidized soil is used instead of concrete. .

High-standard fluidized soil is prepared from construction-generated soil, cement, water, fine aggregate, and coarse aggregate, or by adding an admixture (high performance AE water reducing agent) to these. , Compressive strength comparable to concrete (for example, 28-day strength is about 18 to 24 N / mm ² ). Specifically, the material is adjusted by kneading other materials into the demolition soil obtained by screening muddy water obtained by adding water to the construction generated soil, and as the cement, for example, blast furnace cement type B is used. . As the fine aggregate, for example, river sand before grain size adjustment for ready-mixed concrete, sandy slag obtained by spraying pressurized water onto molten blast furnace slag and rapidly cooling it are used. As the coarse aggregate, for example, electric furnace oxidation slag, blast furnace slag crushed stone and the like are used.

  High-standard fluidized soil is much cheaper than concrete and fluidized so that it can be pumped, has good workability, and about 85% is made of recycled materials. Since it has many advantages such as being friendly to the global environment, it has already been used as a substitute for non-structural and temporary use concrete. In the illustrated embodiment, the bundle pillars 4 are formed by in-situ high-grade fluidized soil having such many advantages. Concrete is used for the reinforced concrete floor 6, but the cost can be further reduced by using high-standard fluidized soil for this part as well.

  According to the above configuration, when lifting the weight lifting machine A to the top floor and sequentially dismantling from the upper floor to the lower floor, the floor slabs below the floor on which the weight lifting machine A works are cemented. Because it is supported by bundled pillars 4 made by in-situ casting of sexual fluid 8 and the bundled pillars 4 are disassembled sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor, there is no need to install and replace steel strong support, and heavy loads The heavy duty support is recovered, and the dangerous heavy work of moving from temporary openings and staircases to lower layers by human power is eliminated. Even in a building with a large area per floor, the companion in the immediate vicinity of the lifting machine The amount of work is reduced and it can be dismantled safely and quickly.

In particular, in the embodiment shown in the drawing, the cemented solidified fluid 8 is cast on the scraping frame 7 to build the bundle pillars 4, so that not only the time and labor for removing the mold is required but also the mold frame. Therefore, when the bundle pillar 4 is disassembled by the disassembling machine A, the dismantling frame 7 can be easily disassembled. In addition, since the ready-made duct spiral pipe 12 is used as the scraping frame 7, a high-standard fluidized soil that is lightweight and has good workability and is cheaper than concrete is used as the cement-based caking fluid 8. This can be implemented at low cost.

  In addition, since the cement-based caking fluid 8 is a bundled column 4 that is cast on-site, even when the number of the bundled columns 4 is considerably large as in the case of dismantling a building having a large area per floor, Because it is a bundle column 4 with a capital 4a at the top, the resistance against punching (shear failure) of the floor slab is increased for the shaft diameter of the bundle column 4, and the floor slab is supported. It is possible to suppress the number of bundle pillars 4 as much as possible by setting a wide interval (interval between bundle pillars), and therefore, it is not necessary to procure material procurement.

The column 4 may be constructed from the _first floor slab F ₁ to the top floor slab F ₈ or roof slab (roof floor slab R), but in the illustrated embodiment, the second floor slab F _2. A reinforced concrete floor 6 is constructed on the upper surface to transmit force to the existing frame of the building 1 and cemented from the reinforced concrete floor 6 to the top floor slab F ₈ or roof slab (roof floor slab R). When the bundling pillar 4 is built by on-site casting of the caking fluid 8, the flow line of the vehicle B carrying out the dismantling glass can be secured on the first floor, and there is no space for unloading the dismantling glass on the outer periphery of the building 1 However, it does not interfere with the removal of waste materials.

  In addition, after the core hole a is drilled in the upper floor slab, a bunch column frame 7 is built below the core hole a, and the discarded floor 7 is disposed from the upper floor slab through the core hole a. Since the cement-based caking fluid 8 is placed in the mold 7 to build the bundle pillars 4, the placing work is easier than in the case where a casting port is provided on the side surface of the discard frame 7. In addition, the bundle pillars 4 and 4 above and below the floor slab are integrally connected with a cement-based caking fluid 8 placed in the core hole a, so that the axial force applied to the bundle pillar 4 can be reliably transmitted from the upper floor. Can communicate to the lower floor.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the bundle pillar 4 having the capital 4 a at the top is constructed, but depending on the floor strength of the existing building 1 and the interval between the bundle pillars, a bundle pillar without capital may be used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, a cylindrical mounting metal 15 in which the spiral tube 12 used for the discard frame 7 is slightly shorter than the floor height and is slidably fitted to the upper end side of the spiral tube 12 is provided. It is desirable to fix to the lower surface of the floor slab with a stopper 11 such as a concrete nail. If comprised in this way, the full length of the discard frame 7 can be finely adjusted according to the floor height by the slide of the mounting hardware 15, and even if the connecting rebar 9 constructed in advance protrudes from the floor surface, the spiral tube 12 This is because it can be built easily.

  As shown in the figure, the connecting rebar 9 inserted into the core hole a is temporarily supported by a temporary spacer 16 installed on the floor slab, and a cement-based caking fluid is applied to the disposal frame 7. After placing the cement-based caking fluid in the scrapping frame 7, the connecting rebar 9 is inserted from above the core hole a at an appropriate time when the cement-based caking fluid is not yet solidified. It may be inserted.

  FIG. 12 shows another embodiment, which is characterized in that a void tube (cylindrical cardboard product) 17 is used as the discard frame 7. According to this configuration, the discard frame 7 is light and inexpensive, and the workability can be improved and the cost can be reduced. The lower end portion of the void tube 17 is inserted into and supported by a cylindrical attachment 15 fixed to the floor surface with a stopper 11 such as a concrete nail, and the upper end portion of the void tube 17 is placed on the lower surface of the floor slab on the upper floor. It is slidably inserted into and supported by a cylindrical portion 13a connected to the lower surface of the bottom plate portion of the fixed capital forming scraping frame portion 13. The other configuration, the building column construction procedure, and the disassembly method are the same as those in the embodiment of FIGS.

As described above, the present invention has been described based on the illustrated embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. For example, the reinforced concrete floor 6 is constructed on the second floor and the third floor. The reinforced concrete floor 6 is constructed on the floor, and the bundle pillar 4 is constructed from these reinforced concrete floor 6 to the floor slab F ₈ or the roof slab (the roof slab R) on the top floor. Needless to say, the present invention can be carried out in various modes within a range not to be performed.

It is a schematic vertical side view which illustrates the building demolition method which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic vertical side view which illustrates the building demolition method which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic longitudinal side view which shows the state which the dismantling progressed to the 5th floor. It is a vertical side view of the principal part in the 2nd floor which shows the state in which the bundle pillar was built. It is a vertical side view of the principal part in the standard floor which shows the state in which the bundle pillar was built. It is a perspective view of a discard mold. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining the construction procedure of a bundle pillar. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining the construction procedure of a bundle pillar. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining the construction procedure of a bundle pillar. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining the construction procedure of a bundle pillar. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining other embodiment. It is a vertical side view of the principal part explaining other embodiment.

1 Building 4 Tababashira 6 reinforced concrete floor 8 cementitious fluids A dismantling heavy machine B demolition Gala unloaded vehicle F ₁ to F ₈ Floor slab R rooftop floor slab (roof slabs)

Claims (7)

  In order to dismantle the existing building from the upper floor to the lower floor in order by using the weight dismantling machine that has been transported to the top floor, the existing floor slabs are built with cast pillars of cement-based caking fluids that are cast in-situ. A method for demolishing a building, wherein after the slab is reinforced in the vertical direction, a dismantling machine is carried in, and the bundle pillars are disassembled sequentially from the upper floor to the lower floor.   The building demolition method according to claim 1, wherein a reinforced concrete floor for transmitting force to the existing frame of the building is constructed on the upper surface of the floor slab of the intermediate floor, and the floor slab of the uppermost floor is formed from the reinforced concrete floor. After constructing a bunch of cement-based caking fluids in-situ and reinforcing the floor slab in the vertical direction, carry in the dismantling machine and disassemble the bunk columns in sequence from the upper floor to the lower floor. A method of demolishing a building, characterized by   3. The method for demolishing a building according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a core hole is drilled in a floor slab on an upper floor, and then a floor frame for a bundle pillar is built below the core hole, and a floor on the upper floor is built. A method for demolishing a building, wherein a bundle column is constructed by placing a cement-based caking fluid from a slab through the core hole into the scraping frame.   The building demolition method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a high-standard fluidized soil is used as the cement-based caking fluid.   The building dismantling method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a building pillar having a capital provided at the top is built. The building demolition method according to claim 3 , wherein a duct spiral pipe is used as a discard frame. The building demolition method according to claim 3 , wherein a void tube is used as a discarding frame.

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