JP4345343B2 - Exhaust gas treatment equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for an internal combustion engine, for example, for a diesel engine or a gas turbine of a private power generation facility.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the subway station, in-house power generation facilities are provided in preparation for a commercial power failure. The power generation facility is a combination of a diesel engine and a generator, and is usually installed in the generator room inside the station building built underground.
[0003]
When this generator is operated, hot exhaust gas is generated. The exhaust gas contains components harmful to the human body such as black smoke, NOX, and SOX, and if discharged to the ground as it is, it causes environmental pollution. Therefore, conventionally, a water spray type cooler is arranged at the front stage and a coil type cooler is arranged at the rear stage (see, for example, Patent Document 1), so that the exhaust gas of the diesel engine (usually about 500 ° C.) is about 50 ° C. After that, it was cooled down to the temperature of 1, and then the black smoke component was removed with an electric dust collector and then discharged to the ground.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-182615 (page 3-4, FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Such a conventional water spray type cooler is arranged at the front stage, and the coil type cooler is arranged at the rear stage, so that the temperature of about 50 ° C. is not affected even if the exhaust gas of the diesel engine is released into the ground atmosphere. In the method of removing the black smoke component with an electric dust collector type smoke extinguisher, air mixed with a highly humid and highly acidic gas is introduced into the electric dust collector and used for the charged part. There is a problem that the Nichrome wire that is used is corroded and needs to be replaced in a short period of time, which requires labor and cost for maintenance.
[0006]
In addition, the cooling water sprayed in the water spray type cooler is discharged as drain after exchanging heat with the high-temperature gas, but when the heat exchange efficiency is low, the drainage temperature becomes low and the cooling capacity of the high-temperature gas is secured. In order to do this, there is a problem that the amount of cooling water used must be increased.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and treats the smoke component of the high-temperature exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine with a smoke removal filter, and heats the high-temperature air with an air washer having a water tank for circulating the jet water. It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine that is easy to maintain and saves energy by cooling using heat of vaporization.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, an exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention is an exhaust gas treatment device that cools high-temperature exhaust gas of a waste heat treatment device internal combustion engine and further removes smoke components of the exhaust gas and then releases it to the atmosphere. A smoke removal filter that removes the smoke component of the exhaust gas, and an air washer that cools the high-temperature air after removal of the smoke component using heat of vaporization, and the air washer includes a cylindrical box and , a water spray pipe for distribution of water in the box, a plurality of water spray nozzles on its water spray pipe, you fine by collision with sprayed water by utilizing the inner cylindrical wall of said box fine consists of a fine water droplet generator, said box pivots the exhaust gas introduced by using a cyclone and to promote mixing of the water spray to cool by using the vaporization heat of the hot air And wherein the door.
[0009]
In addition , the raw material for waste heat gas is A heavy oil, light oil or gas.
[0010]
The high-temperature exhaust gas is treated by a honeycomb filter using a ceramic material or a diesel particulate filter.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes a soot removal filter that removes the smoke component of high-temperature exhaust gas, and an air washer that cools the high-temperature air after removal of the smoke component using vaporization heat. The air washer is provided with a cylindrical box, a water spray pipe for distributing water in the box, and a plurality of water spray nozzles in the water spray pipe, and the cylindrical inner wall surface of the box using consists of a fine fine water droplet generator you fine by collision with sprayed water, the box, by pivoting the exhaust gas introduced by using a cyclone to promote mixing of the water spray, The hot air is cooled using the heat of vaporization . As a result, a large amount of fine water droplets can be generated to improve the vaporization efficiency, and energy can be saved by reducing the amount of cooling water used.
[0012]
Further , the raw material of the internal combustion engine is A heavy oil, light oil or gas. This makes it possible to treat high-temperature exhaust gas for an internal combustion engine that uses various raw materials as fuel.
[0013]
Furthermore, the removal of the soot component honeycomb filter or Diesel circular - is obtained shall be made in the filter. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently remove the smoke component in the exhaust gas state.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0015]
Example 1
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an external reference diagram of an air washer section according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the main configuration of the exhaust gas treatment device for an internal combustion engine is configured by a combination of a smoke removal filter box 21, an air washer 31, and a dehumidifying coil 61. The smoke removal filter box 21 is connected to the lower part 22 of the box space through the primary exhaust pipe 12 with high-temperature exhaust gas generated from the private generator 11. A dust collection unit 26 is connected to the bottom of the box space lower part 22, a smoke removal filter 23 is provided on the upper part, and a box space upper part 24 is provided on the upper part. The box space upper part 24 is connected through a secondary exhaust pipe 25 to a cylindrical air washer part inlet 28 of an air washer part 31 installed in a lateral direction in which a cylindrical center line is parallel to the floor surface. The air washer portion 31 has an appearance as shown in FIG. And the connection to the air washer part inlet 28 is attached to one end part of the air washer part 31 so that high temperature air is introduced in the tangential direction of the cylinder. An eliminator 34 is disposed at the other end, connected to the primary side of the dehumidifying coil 61 via the primary exhaust duct 62 at the air washer outlet 29, and secondary exhaust is provided at the secondary side of the dehumidifying coil 61. It is connected to an outside air discharge port 64 through a duct 63. On the other hand, a cylindrical tubular member 33 is disposed in the air washer portion 31 in the lateral direction, and a cold water injection pipe 35 is disposed at the center position of the tubular member 33 in parallel with the inner wall surface 32. A cold water injection nozzle 36 is attached to the injection pipe 35 with the injection port facing the inner wall surface 32, and has a fine water droplet generator 37 that generates fine water droplets. A water supply tank 41 that also serves to collect and replenish the injected water is provided at the lower cylindrical position of the air washer portion 31. The water supply tank 41 is injected with the cold water via an injection pump 42, an injection valve 43, and a pressure gauge 44. It is connected to the pipe 35. The water supply tank 41 is connected to a drain port 51 via a temperature sensor 52 and a drain valve 53, and is connected to a water supply pump 56 via a replenishment valve 54. The dehumidifying coil 61 is connected to a water supply pump 56 via a cold water valve 58. On the other hand, a high-pressure air pipe 73 is provided in the box space upper part 24 of the smoke removal filter box 21, and an air injection nozzle 74 is attached toward the filter opening 27. And it is connected to the air compressor 72 via the high-pressure air tank 71.
[0016]
The high-temperature exhaust gas treatment operation when the private generator 11 having the above-described configuration is operated will be described. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated from the private generator 11 includes, for example, soot particles, NOX, SOX components, oil mist and the like in a diesel engine, and the temperature is about 350 to 500 ° C. The high-temperature exhaust gas is sent to the box space lower part 22 of the soot removal filter box 21, and for example, a honeycomb filter is used as the soot removal filter 23, and the soot particles are attached to the elements of the honeycomb filter when passing therethrough. Remove. The high-temperature air from which the smoke has been removed is introduced into the air washer portion 31 through the secondary exhaust pipe 25, and the high-temperature air is cooled while generating a rotating air flow in the cylindrical member 33, and It is sent to the primary exhaust duct 62. Explaining the cooling method here, the high temperature air introduced into the air washer portion 31 injects cold water from the cold water injection nozzle 36 toward the inner wall surface 32 and collides with the inner wall surface 32 to promote the vaporization of water. Fine water droplets are generated. As a result, an atmosphere in which a large amount of fine water droplets are present inside the air washer portion 31 is obtained, and the introduced air increases the chance of contact with the fine water droplets by generating a rotating air flow in the cylinder, and evaporative cooling efficiency with the fine water droplets is increased. The hot air is cooled to about 50 ° C. to the maximum extent.
[0017]
However, the cooled air retains a large amount of water droplets, and if it is discharged as it is, dew condensation between the secondary exhaust duct 63 and the outside air discharge port 64 becomes a problem, so a plurality of shielding plates are overlapped in parallel. The eliminator 34 removes water droplets having a large particle diameter by a collision effect, and further, a dehumidifying coil 61 for exchanging heat between the cooling water and the cooled air is disposed. The air is discharged from the outside air outlet 64 through 63. Here, the cold water spray pressure is adjusted using the pressure gauge 44 and the injection valve 43.
[0018]
On the other hand, the supply cooling water is supplied from the water supply pump 56 to the water supply tank 41 while adjusting the supply amount of the supply cooling water by the supply valve 54. The water temperature in the water supply tank 41 rises as a result of mixing with high-temperature air, but since the high-temperature air temperature is as high as about 350 to 500 ° C., the water temperature used by spraying can be reused. However, when the water temperature exceeds a certain level, it is necessary to always supply cooling water, and at the same time, drainage is performed by opening and closing the drain valve 53. That is, the temperature sensor 52 is provided in the drain pipe 55, and when the water temperature in the water supply tank 41 rises and the drainage set temperature becomes 45 ° C. or more, the drain valve 53 is opened and drained, and at the same time the replenishment valve 54 is opened. Control to supply new cold water. Thereby, cooling water can be used effectively. The dehumidifying coil 61 uses a cold water valve 58 to adjust the amount of cooling water required for dehumidification, and the reflux water that has become hot due to dehumidification merges with the cold water supplied from the cold water generator through the return pipe. It can be used effectively to use cooling water. For example, when the temperature of the cooling water is confirmed to be about 10 ° C. and the high temperature air is about 250 ° C. sent to the air washer portion 31, the outlet air of the air washer portion 31 becomes about 50 ° C. After passing through the dehumidifying coil 61, the temperature was about 35 ° C. Looking at the temperature of the cooling water at this time, the temperature of the dehumidifying cooling water increased by the dehumidifying coil 61 was about 20 ° C., and the temperature of the water in the water supply tank 41 was about 45 ° C. The water temperature of the dehumidifying cooling water that has become high in the dehumidifying coil 61 is always lower than the water temperature in the water supply tank 41, that is, 45 ° C.> 20 ° C. For this reason, the return water of the dehumidifying coil is merged with the cooling water piping, so that the cooling water can be reused and energy saving can be realized. Further, the cooling water jetted from the cold water jet nozzle 36 has a water temperature of about 35 to 45 ° C. after recovering the heat of the high-temperature air, and the drainage set temperature is 45 ° C. or lower. Energy saving operation can be realized by returning and reusing as spray water. Accordingly, when maintenance is performed in the above-described configuration, it is only necessary to remove the smoke from the dust collection unit 26 and clean the air washer unit 31, so that it is not necessary to replace the charged nichrome wire in the past. . In addition, since the amount of cooling water to be used can be reduced, energy saving and initial cost can be reduced.
[0019]
On the other hand, regarding the maintenance of the filter, if the smoke removal filter 23 is clogged during operation, the processing air volume decreases, so it is necessary to remove the clogging. Therefore, when the generator is stopped, the high pressure air from the air compressor 72 is forcibly jetted from the air jet nozzle 74 provided in the high pressure air pipe 73 to the soot removal filter opening 27 via the backwash air pressure tank 71, and the soot removal filter 23. The soot and soot accumulated on the dust is removed and discharged to the dust collecting unit 26 for dust collection. By performing this periodically, the smoke removal filter 23 can be continuously used, and an inexpensive and easy-to-maintain apparatus can be provided.
[0020]
The air washer portion 31 is formed of a box, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the air washer portion 31 has the shape of the circular cylindrical member 33, but may be an elliptical shape or a polygonal shape.
[0021]
In addition, when there is much pressure loss, the air blower 81 can also be connected in the secondary exhaust duct 63. FIG.
[0022]
When removing NOX and SOX components, there are a method of applying a catalyst to a honeycomb filter and decomposing it, or a method of using a diesel particulate filter (DPF).
[0023]
The temperature sensor 52 may be provided in the water supply tank 41.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, the smoke component of the high-temperature exhaust gas is removed by the smoke removal filter, and then the high-temperature air is cooled by the air washer using the heat of vaporization. At that time, the smoke component is removed first, and the air from which the smoke component is removed passes through the subsequent devices. Therefore, frequent parts replacement of the electric dust collection unit, air washer unit and Frequent cleaning of the fin surface of the coil is not necessary, and maintenance work and costs can be greatly reduced.
[0025]
In addition, the air washer part is provided with a water spray pipe for supplying water and a plurality of water spray nozzles to generate fine water droplets by colliding the sprayed water, and to keep the high-temperature exhaust gas flow passage distance long. The cyclone structure capable of promoting the contact between the high-temperature exhaust gas and fine water droplets makes it possible to reduce the amount of cooling water and realize energy saving operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an external reference diagram of an air washer according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Private generator 12 Primary exhaust piping 21 Smoke removal filter box 22 Box space lower part 23 Smoke removal filter 24 Box space upper part 25 Secondary exhaust piping 26 Dust collection part 27 Filter opening part 28 Air washer part inlet 29 Air washer part outlet 31 Air Washer portion 32 Cylinder inner wall surface 33 Cylindrical member 34 Eliminator 35 Water spray pipe 36 Water injection nozzle 37 Fine water droplet generation portion 41 Water supply tank 42 Injection pump 43 Injection valve 44 Pressure gauge 51 Drain port 52 Temperature sensor 53 Drain valve 54 Refill valve 55 drain pipe 56 feed water pump 58 the cold water valve 61 dehumidification coil 62 primary exhaust duct 63 secondary duct 64 external air outlet 71 backwash air tank 72 et Ako compressors 73 the high pressure air pipe 74 air injection nozzle 81 Blower

Claims (3)

In the exhaust gas treatment device that cools the high-temperature exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine and further releases the smoke component of the exhaust gas and then releases it to the atmosphere,
A smoke removal filter for removing the smoke component of the high-temperature exhaust gas;
An air washer for cooling the high-temperature air after the smoke component removal using vaporization heat;
The air washer part is
A cylindrical box,
A water spray pipe for distributing water in the box;
The water spray pipe into a plurality of water spray nozzles consists of a fine fine water droplet generator you miniaturization by utilizing inner cylindrical wall collisions nebulized water in the box,
The box is an exhaust gas treatment apparatus characterized in that exhaust gas introduced using a cyclone is swirled to promote mixing with spray water and high-temperature air is cooled using vaporization heat. 2. The exhaust gas processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the raw material for the waste heat gas is A heavy oil, light oil or gas. The exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the high-temperature exhaust gas is treated by a honeycomb filter using a ceramic material or a diesel particulate filter.

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