JP4347244B2 - Control method of regenerative combustion burner - Google Patents
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本発明は、例えば金属(特に鉄鋼)の加熱を目的とする工業炉(加熱炉)で使用する蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for controlling a regenerative combustion burner used in an industrial furnace (heating furnace) for the purpose of heating metal (particularly steel), for example.
製鉄所等で鋼材を加熱するバーナーとして近年蓄熱式燃焼バーナーが使用され、対となるバーナーの燃焼と蓄熱を短時間(例えば、1分)毎に繰り返して、熱効率を向上させることが一般に行われている。そして、トンネル状の加熱炉の側壁にこのバーナーを複数(通常は偶数台)対向するように配置して、隣り合うバーナーが一方が燃焼、もう一方が蓄熱という運転状態を採る千鳥燃焼や、一方の側壁のバーナーが燃焼、対向する側壁のバーナーが蓄熱という運転状態を採る片側燃焼が一般に使用されている。この蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの燃焼制御方法としては、例えば、特許文献1に記載のように、それぞれ燃焼と蓄熱を交互に行う対となるバーナーを単位として制御を行っている。従って、蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御プログラムは、対となるバーナーを単位として作成されており、対を構成するバーナーを運転中に自由に変更することはできなかった。
In recent years, a regenerative combustion burner has been used as a burner for heating steel materials in steelworks, etc., and it is generally performed to improve the thermal efficiency by repeating the combustion and heat storage of a pair of burners every short time (for example, 1 minute). ing. A plurality of (usually an even number of) burners are arranged on the side wall of the tunnel-shaped heating furnace so that the adjacent burners burn one side and the other is heat storage. One-sided combustion is generally used in which the burner on the side wall of the cylinder burns and the burner on the opposite side wall takes heat. As a combustion control method of this heat storage type combustion burner, for example, as described in
しかしながら、このような従来の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法において、1台のバーナーに不具合が発生した場合には、この1台のバーナーと対となっている他の1台のバーナーの運転も止める必要がある。従って、異なる対のあるバーナーの片側が故障した場合には、4台のバーナーを間引いて運転する必要があり、これでは加熱炉に供給される熱量に不足が生じる場合があった。
一方、バーナー対の構成を変えて運転しようとすることも考えられるが、不具合状態に応じた制御プログラムの大規模な変更が発生するので行われておらず、特に、オンラインでの変更は非常に困難であった。従来の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーのプログラムは、一般にあるバーナーの燃焼−蓄積の1サイクルが、基準となる1サイクル(通常2分程度)の中のどのタイミングで起動されるのか、起動のタイミングでどの様に運転されるのかがいくつかの場合に従って限定的に記述されている。従って、運転の形態を変更しようとする場合には、プログラムそのものを変更する必要が生じる。
However, in such a conventional heat storage type combustion burner control method, when a failure occurs in one burner, the operation of the other burner paired with this one burner is also stopped. There is a need. Therefore, when one side of a burner with a different pair breaks down, it is necessary to operate with four burners being thinned out, which may cause a shortage in the amount of heat supplied to the heating furnace.
On the other hand, it is conceivable to change the configuration of the burner pair, but it is not done because a large-scale change of the control program according to the failure state occurs, especially online change is very It was difficult. The program of the conventional regenerative combustion burner is based on the timing at which the combustion-accumulation cycle of a conventional burner is started at one of the standard cycles (usually about 2 minutes). It is described in a limited way according to some cases. Therefore, when the operation mode is to be changed, it is necessary to change the program itself.
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、例えば、蓄熱式燃焼バーナーに部分的に不具合があっても、加熱炉全体の影響を極力少なくすることが可能で、かつ、従来対となって制御していた蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの枠を外して、個別に制御可能な蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances. For example, even if a heat storage type combustion burner has a partial defect, it is possible to reduce the influence of the entire heating furnace as much as possible, and it is a conventional pair. An object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a regenerative combustion burner that can be individually controlled by removing the frame of the regenerative combustion burner that has been controlled.
前記目的に沿う本発明の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法は、複数のバーナーを備え、前記各バーナーが燃焼と蓄熱を繰り返す蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法において、
前記他のバーナーとの関係において前記各バーナーにそれぞれ独立に運転属性(パラメータ)を設定し、前記各バーナーを燃焼中であっても運転属性を変更可能とし、前記運転属性には、連続及び交番の選択、間引き運転の有無、運転順序、切替えタイミング及び燃料の投入比率を含んでいる。
The control method of the regenerative combustion burner of the present invention that meets the above-mentioned object comprises a plurality of burners, and the control method of the regenerative combustion burner in which each burner repeats combustion and heat storage.
Wherein in relation to the other burners set the operation attribute (parameter) independently in each burner, said to allow changes the operation attribute even during the combustion of each burner, the operation attributes, continuous and It includes selection of alternation, presence / absence of decimation operation, operation sequence, switching timing, and fuel injection ratio .
請求項1記載の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法においては、例えば、バーナーの一つに不具合が生じても、該不具合となったバーナーと対となっているバーナーを止めることがなく、即ち、運転から除外するバーナーの数を最低限にして燃焼状態を継続させることができる。
また、このバーナーを使用する加熱炉全体のバーナーの加熱パターンの変更がある場合、対となるバーナー毎の制御では必要とする加熱パターンに制御できないことがあるが、本発明の場合、加熱状況に関係する運転属性を変更することによって、より適正な加熱パターンの変更が容易にできる。
更に、従来の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法においては、全体が対となるバーナーの運転を条件として一つのプログラムによって構成されているので、変更が極めて困難であるが、本願発明の場合、プログラムの変更を伴うことなく設定できる。本発明では、前記燃焼−蓄熱又は蓄熱−燃焼の1サイクル中に前記属性の値を常時監視して燃焼状態、蓄熱状態や休止状態に移行するタイミングと属性に応じてどの様な状態に移行するのかという運転内容を決定・実行する様に記述したプログラムを、加熱炉に設置された全バーナー毎に個別に準備する。例えば、切替えタイミング属性が2の時は1サイクル中の2秒目に切替え動作を起動するが、この切替えタイミング属性が8に変更された場合は1サイクル中の8秒目に切替え動作を起動する、この時運転順序属性が1で千鳥燃焼中であれば燃焼−蓄熱という動作を選択して動作する、という具合である。この様に属性を変更すれば異なった運転形態をプログラムの変更無しに実現することが出来る。
In the control method for regenerative combustion burner according to claim 1 Symbol placement, for example, even if a defect in one of the burners, without stopping the burner has a burner paired with a unmoving condition, i.e., The combustion state can be continued by minimizing the number of burners excluded from operation.
In addition, when there is a change in the heating pattern of the burner for the entire heating furnace that uses this burner, it may not be possible to control the heating pattern required by the control of each paired burner. A more appropriate heating pattern can be easily changed by changing the related operation attributes.
Furthermore, in the conventional method for controlling a regenerative combustion burner, since the whole is constituted by one program on the condition of operation of a pair of burners, it is extremely difficult to change. Can be set without change. In the present invention, the value of the attribute is constantly monitored during one cycle of the combustion-heat storage or the heat storage-combustion, and the state is shifted to any state depending on the timing and the attribute for shifting to the combustion state, the heat storage state, or the rest state. A program written to determine and execute the operation content is prepared individually for each burner installed in the furnace. For example, when the switching timing attribute is 2, the switching operation is started at the second second in one cycle. When this switching timing attribute is changed to 8, the switching operation is started at the eighth second in one cycle. At this time, if the operation order attribute is 1 and zigzag combustion is being performed, the operation of combustion-heat storage is selected and operated. If the attributes are changed in this way, different operation modes can be realized without changing the program.
続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。
ここで、図1は本発明の一実施の形態に係る蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法における正常運転時の蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの燃焼と蓄熱を示す説明図、図2は同方法を用いて加熱炉の全体で燃焼ゾーンの切替えを行った場合の説明図である。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention.
Here, FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing combustion and heat storage of a regenerative combustion burner during normal operation in a control method for a regenerative combustion burner according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a heating furnace using the same method. It is explanatory drawing at the time of switching a combustion zone in the whole.
まず、バーナー1本毎に、(1)蓄熱燃焼をするか(交番燃焼)又は連続燃焼をするか、(2)間引き運転をするか否か、(3)燃焼蓄熱の運転順序、(4)燃焼と蓄熱の切替えタイミング、(5)燃料投入量割合(燃料投入比率)、の燃焼条件(パラメータ)を設定する。
そして、(1)の場合、蓄熱燃焼を1、連続燃焼を0と定義する。(2)の場合、間引きをする場合には1、間引かない場合には0とする。(3)の場合、片側燃焼と千鳥燃焼でそれぞれ燃焼と蓄熱を行う順番を定義する。例えば、1を選択した千鳥燃焼の時には燃焼−蓄熱、片側燃焼の時には燃焼−蓄熱、2を選択した千鳥燃焼の時には蓄熱−燃焼、片側燃焼の時には蓄熱−燃焼、3を選択した千鳥燃焼の時には蓄熱−燃焼、片側燃焼の時には燃焼−蓄熱、4を選択した千鳥燃焼の時には燃焼−蓄熱、片側燃焼の時には蓄熱−燃焼、という具合である。(4)の場合、切替え時間(通常60秒)のどのタイミングで燃焼/蓄熱の切替えを開始するかを定義する。(5)の場合、最大燃料投入量を100としての実際に投入する燃料の割合で定義する。
以上の定義によって、一つの燃焼区間に、例えば8台のバーナー(1A、1B〜4A、4B)が対向するように配置される加熱炉の場合には、以下の表1のように、パラメータを設定する。
First, for each burner, (1) whether to perform heat storage combustion (alternate combustion) or continuous combustion, (2) whether to perform decimation operation, (3) operation sequence of combustion heat storage, (4) The combustion conditions (parameters) of the switching timing between combustion and heat storage and (5) the ratio of fuel input amount (fuel input ratio) are set.
In the case of (1), 1 is defined as heat storage combustion and 0 is defined as continuous combustion. In the case of (2), 1 is set when thinning is performed, and 0 is set when thinning is not performed. In the case of (3), the order of performing combustion and heat storage in one-side combustion and staggered combustion is defined. For example, in the case of staggered combustion with 1 selected, combustion-heat storage, in the case of single-sided combustion, combustion-heat storage, in the case of 2 selected staggered combustion, in the case of heat storage-combustion, in the case of single-sided combustion, with heat storage-combustion, in the case of 3 selected staggered combustion In the case of heat storage-combustion, one-side combustion, combustion-heat storage, in the case of staggered combustion with 4 selected, combustion-heat storage, in the case of one-side combustion, heat storage-combustion. In the case of (4), it is defined at which timing of the switching time (usually 60 seconds) the combustion / heat storage switching starts. In the case of (5), the maximum fuel input amount is defined as 100, and the ratio of the actually input fuel is defined.
With the above definition, in the case of a heating furnace in which, for example, eight burners (1A, 1B to 4A, 4B) are opposed to one combustion section, the parameters are set as shown in Table 1 below. Set.
この例では、1Aのバーナーは、(1)交番燃焼、(2)運転(間引きされない)、(3)片側燃焼時:燃焼−蓄熱、千鳥燃焼時:燃焼−蓄熱、(4)切替え周期の2秒目に切替え動作開始、(5)燃料投入量80%(即ち、100回の切替え動作のうち80回のみ燃焼と蓄熱を行い、20回は自動的に休止する)、という燃焼条件を有する。
また、2Bのバーナーは、(1)交番燃焼、(2)運転(間引きされない)、(3)片側燃焼時:蓄熱−燃焼、千鳥燃焼時:燃焼−蓄熱、(4)切替え周期の5秒目に切替え動作開始、(5)燃料投入量90%(即ち、100回の切替え動作のうち90回のみ燃焼と蓄熱を行い、10回は自動的に休止する)、という燃焼条件を有する。
これら以外のバーナーについても表1の燃焼条件に設定して加熱炉を運転する。この様子を、図1に示す。なお、図2に示すように、この加熱炉においては、8ゾーンの加熱帯があって、それぞれのゾーンにバーナー1A、1B〜バーナー4A、4Bを有する。
In this example, the 1A burner has (1) alternating combustion, (2) operation (not thinned out), (3) one-side combustion: combustion-heat storage, zigzag combustion: combustion-heat storage, (4) 2 in the switching cycle The combustion condition is that the switching operation starts at the second time, and (5) the fuel input amount is 80% (that is, combustion and heat storage are performed only 80 times out of 100 switching operations and automatically paused 20 times).
Also, the burner of 2B is (1) alternating combustion, (2) operation (not thinned out), (3) one-side combustion: heat storage-combustion, zigzag combustion: combustion-heat storage, (4) 5th second of switching cycle (5) The combustion condition is that the fuel input amount is 90% (that is, combustion and heat storage are performed only 90 times out of 100 switching operations, and 10 times are automatically stopped).
Burners other than these are also set to the combustion conditions shown in Table 1 to operate the heating furnace. This is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, this heating furnace has eight zones of heating, and each zone has burners 1A, 1B to 4A, 4B.
蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの運転を行っている途中に、例えばバーナー1Aに不具合が発生した場合、従来技術では、バーナー1Aとバーナー1Bを対として間引いて運転対象から外し、更にバーナー3Bに不具合が発生した場合にはバーナー3Aとバーナー3Bとを対として運転対象から外す処置を行っている。
一方、本発明の場合には、前記の運転条件(運転属性)で蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの運転を行っている途中に、バーナー1Aに不具合が発生した場合には、表2のようにバーナー1Aとバーナー1Bとを間引く(即ち、1)にする。なお、ここで、バーナー1Aのみを間引いてバーナー1Bを燃焼させることもできる。この場合、千鳥燃焼であれば、一方の側壁の燃焼バーナーが2台で蓄熱バーナーが1台、もう一方の側壁の燃焼バーナーが2台で蓄熱バーナーが2台という状態と、一方の側壁の燃焼バーナーが1台で蓄熱バーナーが2台、もう一方の側壁の燃焼バーナーが2台で蓄熱バーナーが2台という状態が繰り返されることとなる。この様な場合には、燃料や空気、排ガスの配管の圧力損失に不均衡が生じて、バーナーの蓄熱時に排ガス温度の上昇傾向が見られることが懸念されるが、配管の径を大きくして圧力損失の不均衡を極力抑える処置を行い、それでも排ガス温度上昇が許容範囲を超えた場合には対で間引く等の処置を行うことで問題を回避することが出来る。
During the operation of the regenerative combustion burner, for example, if a failure occurs in the burner 1A, in the conventional technology, the burner 1A and the burner 1B are thinned out as a pair and removed from the operation target, and further the failure occurs in the
On the other hand, in the case of the present invention, if a failure occurs in the burner 1A during the operation of the regenerative combustion burner under the above operating conditions (operating attributes), The burner 1B is thinned out (ie, 1). Here, it is also possible to burn out the burner 1B by thinning out only the burner 1A. In this case, in the case of staggered combustion, there are two combustion burners on one side wall and one heat storage burner, two combustion burners on the other side wall and two heat storage burners, and combustion on one side wall. The state of one burner and two heat storage burners, two combustion burners on the other side wall, and two heat storage burners will be repeated. In such a case, there is a concern that the pressure loss of the fuel, air, and exhaust gas piping may cause an imbalance, and the exhaust gas temperature tends to increase during the heat storage of the burner. The problem can be avoided by taking measures to suppress the pressure loss imbalance as much as possible and still taking measures such as thinning out in pairs when the exhaust gas temperature rise exceeds the allowable range.
そして、バーナー1Aとバーナー3Bが不具合になった場合には、バーナー1Aとバーナー3Bのみを間引く。この場合、表3に示すように、バーナー3Aの切替えタンミングを、バーナー1Bに合わせて、2秒とする。これによって、バーナー1Bとバーナー3Aとがバーナー対となって燃焼及び蓄熱が円滑に行われる。
When the burner 1A and the
以上の表1〜3に示す例では、1つのゾーンについて説明を行ったが、この本発明を加熱炉に設定されているバーナー全て(図2参照)に適用することによって、自由自在に運転の形態を変更することができる。
表4に示す例は、急速加熱パターンの例で、加熱炉の入口側では加熱炉の入熱が高く、出口側に向けて徐々に入熱が低くなっている。
In the examples shown in Tables 1 to 3 described above, one zone has been described. By applying the present invention to all the burners set in the heating furnace (see FIG. 2), the operation can be freely performed. The form can be changed.
The example shown in Table 4 is an example of a rapid heating pattern, in which the heat input of the heating furnace is high on the inlet side of the heating furnace, and the heat input gradually decreases toward the outlet side.
前記実施の形態は、バーナー1A、3Bについて不具合が発生した場合について説明したが、その他のバーナーに不具合が生じた場合、加熱炉の運転状況(加熱条件、加熱温度)を変更する場合においても本発明は適用できる。
Although the said embodiment demonstrated the case where a malfunction generate | occur | produced about
1A〜4A、1B〜4B:バーナー 1A-4A, 1B-4B: Burner
Claims (1)
前記他のバーナーとの関係において前記各バーナーにそれぞれ独立に運転属性(パラメータ)を設定し、前記各バーナーを燃焼中であっても運転属性を変更可能とし、
前記運転属性には、連続及び交番の選択、間引き運転の有無、運転順序、切替えタイミング及び燃料の投入比率を含むことを特徴とする蓄熱式燃焼バーナーの制御方法。 In the control method of the regenerative combustion burner comprising a plurality of burners, wherein each of the burners repeats combustion and heat storage,
The operation attribute (parameter) is set independently for each burner in relation to the other burner, and the operation attribute can be changed even during combustion of each burner .
The method for controlling a regenerative combustion burner, wherein the operation attributes include selection of continuous and alternating, presence / absence of thinning operation, operation sequence, switching timing, and fuel injection ratio .
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| JP5167015B2 (en) * | 2008-07-30 | 2013-03-21 | 三建産業株式会社 | Regenerative burner combustion control method |
| JP5404532B2 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2014-02-05 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | Combustion control method of heat storage combustion type heat treatment furnace |
| JP5404533B2 (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2014-02-05 | 中外炉工業株式会社 | Combustion control method of heat storage combustion type heat treatment furnace |
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2005
- 2005-03-11 JP JP2005069381A patent/JP4347244B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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