JP4355414B2 - Granulation method and granulation apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, a predetermined amount of a granulated material and a liquid such as water are put into a horizontal granulation container in which a rotating shaft to which a stirring granulation blade is attached is provided in a horizontal direction, and the stirring granulation is performed. The blade is rotationally driven to perform primary granulation, then a predetermined amount of powder is secondarily charged, and the agitation granulation blade is further rotationally driven to perform secondary granulation. The present invention relates to a granulation method for obtaining a granulated product in a state where powder is coated on the surface of the granulated product, and a granulation apparatus used for carrying out this granulation method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The granulating apparatus is well known in the art without mentioning the literature name. The agitation type in which the granulated material in the granulating container is agitated with a stirring blade and granulated, and the cylindrical container is driven by rotation. Rolling granulation form that granulates granulated material, extrusion form that rotates and drives the screw in the cylinder and extrudes from the tip of the cylinder, vibration form that vibrates the tank containing the granulated material, etc. Many types of granulators are known. From these granulating apparatuses, a granulating apparatus suitable for the properties of the granulated material such as dehydrated cake, powder and incinerated ash is appropriately selected and granulated. By the way, it can be said that the forced agitation type granulator is suitable for granulation of a lump such as a dehydrated cake because the lump is also crushed to a certain extent and granulated with a stirring blade. This forced agitation type granulator is roughly composed of a granulation container and a mixing agitation blade that is driven to rotate inside the granulation container. Therefore, when the granulated material is supplied to the granulation container together with water and the mixing stirring blade is rotationally driven for a predetermined time, the lump is crushed and granulated. At this time, a batch operation in which a granulated container and water are supplied to the granulation container for granulation, and the granulated product is discharged, so-called supply, granulation, and discharge are repeated every predetermined cycle. The continuous operation is also possible in which the granulated product and water are continuously supplied from one end of the granulation container and the granulated product is continuously discharged from the other end.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the forced agitation granulator is crushed to a certain extent by a mixing agitating blade, such as a dehydrated cake, and is also granulated after different types of granulated materials are mixed uniformly. There are many advantages. However, it is recognized that the resulting granulated product and the granulating apparatus should be improved. More specifically, the granulated material is kneaded and granulated with water, but when granulated, the apparently granulated material has an increased density, and the water contained in the granulated material is formed. It oozes on the surface of the grain. That is, floating water is generated on the surface of the granulated product. If it does so, the granulated material discharged | emitted from a granulation container will adhere to each other for floating water, and will become a big lump. As a result, the granulation operation is wasted, and the subsequent handling of the granulated product is hindered. In addition, there is a problem that the strength of the granulated product discharged from the granulation container is small just by granulation.
[0004]
On the other hand, from the viewpoint of the granulating apparatus, it takes time to crush or mix the granulated material with only the mixing stirring blade, and it is not always satisfactory from the viewpoint of production efficiency. In addition, dehydrated cake originally contains moisture, and since the granulated material such as incinerated ash is granulated by adding water, it also contains moisture in the form of water vapor in the atmosphere. During the kneading granulation, the granulated material adheres to the inner peripheral surface of the granulating container as an adhering material. This deposit grows by being pressed against the inner peripheral surface by the action of the strong centrifugal force of the mixing and stirring blade that is driven to rotate, but more than the gap between the tip of the mixing and stirring blade and the inner peripheral surface of the granulation vessel. It is scraped off at the tip of the mixing stirring blade before growing. At this time, the adhering matter is compressed by the mixing stirring blade, so that it becomes a hard solidified product. Since the tip of the mixing agitating blade comes into contact with the hard solidified material and is driven to rotate, the mixing agitating blade is worn heavily. In addition, since it is rotationally driven by frictional contact, the power consumption increases. Furthermore, after the granulation operation is finished, the inside of the granulation container is cleaned, but hard deposits also become an obstacle to cleaning.
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a granulation method capable of producing a granulated product having relatively high strength and in which the obtained granulated product does not adhere to each other. It is aimed. It is another object of the present invention to provide a granulation method in which a lump such as a dehydrated cake is mixed, sheared, dispersed and granulated in a short time. Another object of the present invention is to provide a granulating apparatus used for carrying out these granulating methods.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved by granulating from primary granulation and secondary granulation, and granulating so that powder is applied to the surface of the primary granulated product by this secondary granulation. . Moreover, it is achieved by constituting so that the inner peripheral wall surface of a horizontal granulation container may be cooled from the outside. Furthermore, it is achieved by providing a chopper blade that is rotationally driven at a high speed together with the granulation stirring blade , and using them separately . That is, in order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 is a chopper blade that is rotationally driven at a relatively high speed while a rotating shaft to which a stirring granulation blade is attached is disposed in a horizontal direction. A horizontal granulation container having a predetermined amount of a granulated substance and a liquid are first charged, and the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade are rotationally driven to mix, shear, and disperse, and the chopper blade the rotary drive is stopped, the stirring granulation blade is 1 Tsugizotsubu to continue the driving rotation, then powder with secondary charged, 2 further continue rotation of the stirring granulation blade Tsugizo It is configured to obtain a sized product in a state where the powder is coated on the surface of the primary granulated product by the secondary granulation. In the invention according to claim 2, the rotating shaft to which a plurality of stirring granulation blades are attached at predetermined intervals in the axial direction is disposed in the horizontal direction and is driven to rotate at a relatively high speed. A predetermined amount of granulated material and liquid are continuously charged into one end of a horizontal granulation vessel having a chopper blade and relatively long in the axial direction, and the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade are A granulation method in which the granulated material and the liquid that have been fed are transferred to the other end by being driven to rotate, and the granulation method is performed at one end of the horizontal granulation container. The granulated material and the liquid are continuously firstly charged, mixed, sheared, and dispersed by the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade, and primary granulated by the stirring granulation blade in the intermediate portion, and then the end The powder is continuously secondarily charged in the part, and further the stirring granulation Roots by two Tsugizotsubu configured to obtain the sized product of the state where the powder is dusted on the surface of the primary granules by the second granulation continuously. According to a third aspect of the invention, in the granulation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when secondary charged, also configured to put a liquid for adjustment.
In the invention according to claim 4, the primary material supply unit into which the granulated material and the liquid are introduced near one end, and the sized product discharge from which the sized product is discharged near the other end. A horizontal granulation container that is relatively long in the axial direction, and is provided with a secondary material supply unit in which powder is mainly charged between the primary material supply unit and the sized product discharge unit, A rotating shaft to which a plurality of stirring granulation blades are attached at predetermined intervals in the direction, and a chopper blade that is driven to rotate at a relatively high speed in the horizontal granulation vessel, wherein provided in the horizontal granulation container in a horizontal direction, said chopper blade provided at a position corresponding to the primary material supply portion near the horizontal granulation vessel, whereby the granulation liquid to be introduced Is mixed and sheared by the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade at one end. Receiving a dispersing action, and in the middle portion, wherein the 1 Tsugizo particle by stirring granulation blade, then the powder is secondary charged at the end, together with the 2 Tsugizo particle by addition the stirring granulation blades, The inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation vessel is cooled from the outside.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIGS. 1A and 1B show a granulating apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention that performs granulation in a batch manner. A granulating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment includes a horizontal horizontal granulating container 2 in which an axial core is disposed in a horizontal direction. And in this horizontal granulation container 2, the rotating shaft 30 is provided in the horizontal direction.
[0007]
The horizontal granulation container 2 has a substantially cylindrical shape. An air vent 3 and a material supply port 4 that also serves as a water supply are provided above the horizontal granulation container 2, and a sized product discharge port 6 having an open / close lid 5 is provided below the material supply port 4. Yes. The material supply port 4 is closed with a lid when necessary, but is not shown in FIG. Both sides of the horizontal granulation container 2 are closed by side walls 7 and 7, and the lower ends of the side walls 7 and 7 are fixed to the foundation. As shown in FIG. 1B, a water jacket 10 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the horizontal granulation container 2 configured as described above. The water jacket 10 includes an outer peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation container 2 and a jacket outer peripheral wall 11 provided at a predetermined interval from the outer peripheral wall. The water jacket 10 is provided avoiding the material supply port 4 and the sized product discharge port 6. Although not shown in the figure, the inner walls of the side walls 7 are also provided as appropriate. The inside of the water jacket 10 configured as described above is a flow path for the cooling water, but a baffle plate, a guide plate, and the like are appropriately provided so that the cooling water does not short-circuit in the water jacket 10. Moreover, although the outer peripheral surface of the horizontal granulation container 2 facing the water jacket 10 is appropriately provided with heat radiation fins or the like in order to enhance the cooling effect of the inner peripheral wall, it is not shown in FIG.
[0008]
A water guide connector 12 is attached to the lower end portion of the water jacket 10, and a drainage connector 13 is attached to the upper end portion of the water jacket 10 so as to face the water guide connector 12. A water supply pipe 14 is connected to the water conduit connector 12, and a return pipe 15 is connected to the drainage connector 13. These water supply pipe 14 and return pipe 15 are indirectly connected to a refrigeration cycle 20 described later. As conventionally known, the refrigeration cycle 20 includes a compressor 21 that compresses a refrigerant, a condenser 22 that liquefies the refrigerant that has been compressed by the compressor 21 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and a high temperature in the condenser machine 22. An expansion valve 23 that lowers the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant that has become a high-pressure liquid, an evaporator 24 that takes heat from the refrigerant and evaporates it to produce a refrigeration action, and the like. And the evaporator 24 is arrange | positioned in the heat exchange container 25 currently formed with the heat insulating material. Therefore, when the refrigeration cycle 20 is operated, the inside of the heat exchange container 25 is cooled.
[0009]
One end of the water supply pipe 14 described above is connected to the bottom of the heat exchange vessel 25. Further, the end portion of the return pipe 15 is connected to the heat insulating cushion tank 26 in an open state, and the cushion tank 26 and the heat exchange container 25 are connected in a watertight state by a communication pipe 27. The water supply pipe 14 is provided with a water pump 28 that pumps cooling water from the heat exchange container 25 toward the water jacket 10. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the cushion tank 26 is once opened, but the cooling water is circulated. According to the present embodiment, the cushion tank 26 is provided with a water level gauge, and when the water level of the cushion tank 26 is lowered, the valve is opened so that water is appropriately supplied from the outside.
[0010]
As described above, the rotary shaft 30 is provided in the horizontal direction inside the horizontal granulation container 2 configured as described above. A plurality of arms 31, 31,... Are fixed to the rotating shaft 30 at predetermined intervals in the axial direction and the rotation angle direction, and the stirring granulation blades 32, 32 are attached to these arms 31, 31,. ... are attached. In this embodiment, the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,... Have a bowl shape, that is, an excavator shape, and the granulated material is float-diffusion mixed by these stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. Grained. The rotating shaft 30 to which such agitation granulation blades 32, 32,... Are attached is rotatably supported by bearings 33, (33) fixed to the side walls 7, 7 of the horizontal granulation vessel 2. On the outside thereof, it is connected to a motor 35 via a speed reduction mechanism 34. Therefore, when the motor 35 is started, the agitation granulation blades 32, 32,... Are driven to rotate at a relatively low speed in a predetermined direction via the speed reduction mechanism.
[0011]
According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the horizontal granulation vessel 2 is provided with chopper blades 40, preferably a plurality of chopper blades 40, in addition to stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. ing. The chopper blade 40 is provided in the vicinity of the lower part of the horizontal granulation vessel 2 and is lifted by the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,..., And shears and disperses the granules to be dropped. The motor 41 is driven to rotate at a relatively high speed independently of the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. The granulating apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment also includes a control device, a hopper that primarily stores the granulated material, and a weighing device that measures the granulated material. Not.
[0012]
Next, the operation of the above embodiment will be described. The refrigeration cycle 20 and the pump 28 are started. Then, the cooling water in the heat exchange container 25 is cooled by the evaporator 24 of the refrigeration cycle 20. The cooled cooling water circulates in the order of the water supply pipe 14, the water jacket 10, the return pipe 15, the cushion tank 26, the communication pipe 27, and the heat exchange container 25. Meanwhile, the inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation container 2 is cooled. The motor 35 is activated to drive the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. Further, the chopper blade 40 is driven by the motor 41. Then, a predetermined amount of granulated material, for example, dehydrated cake and water measured from the material supply port 4 is charged. Then, the dehydrated cake is mixed, sheared, and dispersed mainly by the chopper blade 40 in a short time, for example, 2 to 5 minutes. The chopper blade 40 is stopped. The mixed, sheared and dispersed dehydrated cake is then granulated by stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. By this primary granulation, water floats on the surface of the granulated product. Subsequently, weighed powder such as incineration ash is charged. At this time, when there is little floating water, adjustment water is also supplied so that a water film is formed on the surface of the primary granulated product. Secondary granulation is performed by the subsequent rotation of the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. As a result, a sized product in which the powder is coated on the surface of the granulated product is obtained. Open the opening / closing lid 5 and take out the sized product. This completes one batch of granulation. Thereafter, the same batch operation is performed for granulation.
[0013]
When the sized product is obtained as described above, since the inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation container 2 is cooled with cooling water, moisture in the internal space of the horizontal granulation container 2 is condensed on the surface of the inner peripheral wall. To do. At this time, since the inner peripheral wall is actively cooled, there is a large amount of condensed water and a thick water film is formed. On the other hand, the granulated material is scattered both when it is supplied to the horizontal granulation vessel 2 and when it is stirred by the stirring granulation blades 32, 32,. Then, it reaches the inner peripheral wall. By the way, according to this Embodiment, since the water film is formed in the inner peripheral wall, the granulated material which is going to reach the inner peripheral wall is trapped by the water film. Then, the adhered granulated material is peeled off due to vibration or other causes. Thereby, adhesion of a to-be-granulated material is prevented or removed.
[0014]
It is clear that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, since the chopper blade 40 is provided in the above embodiment, a lump such as a dehydrated cake is mixed, sheared, and dispersed in a short time and is easily granulated. Obviously, when powdered, it can be carried out without the chopper blade 40. It is also clear that the water can be supplied from a dedicated water nozzle. In particular, when water is sprayed from the watering nozzle at the time of the secondary charging, water is evenly sprayed on the surface of the primary granulated material, and the “blown” effect is enhanced. In the above embodiment, since water is used as the cooling medium, the heat capacity is large and the cooling effect is high. Furthermore, it can also be cooled with simple water. In the embodiment described above, the granulated material is one type of dehydrated cake, but it is also clear that granulation can be performed in the same manner from several types of materials. Furthermore, it is clear that a liquid in which, for example, a chelating material is added to the water to be added can be applied.
[0015]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention for continuous granulation will be described with reference to FIGS. Note that components similar to those in the first embodiment are simply described by adding the dash "'" or "" to the same reference numerals. FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view for understanding the outline of the granulating apparatus 1 ′ that continuously granulates. As shown in FIG. 2, according to the second embodiment, the horizontal type is shown. The granulation vessel 2 'is relatively long in the axial direction. Then, a driving device including a motor 35 ′, a speed reduction mechanism 34 ′, and the like is provided at one end as in the first embodiment. In FIG. 2, a primary material supply port 4 ′ for continuously feeding the granulated material is provided in the upper part near the end. In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the secondary material supply port 4 ″ is located closer to the right end than the middle part of the horizontal granulation vessel 2 ′, and the size is continuously adjusted to the lower part of the other right end. A granulated product discharge port 6 ′ for discharging the product is provided, and the agitation granulation blades 32 ′, 32 ′ are attached to the rotary shaft 30 ′ at predetermined intervals in the axial direction and the rotational angle direction. However, the chopper blades 40 ′, 40 ′,... Are provided only in the vicinity of the material supply port 4 ′, and the granulating liquid addition nozzles 5 ′, 5 ′ are also provided in the vicinity of the material supply port 4 ′. The arrangement of the material supply port 4 ′, the second material supply port 4 ″, the sized product discharge port 6 ′, the chopper blades 40 ′, 40 ′,. The inside is divided into a pretreatment zone S, a first granulation zone Z1, a second granulation zone Z2 and the like in order from the left in FIG.
[0016]
Therefore, the motor 35 ′ is activated to drive the stirring granulation blades 32 ′, 32 ′,... And the chopper blades 40 ′, 40 ′,. When a granulated material such as a dehydrated cake and water are continuously added from the granulation liquid addition nozzles 5 ′ and 5 ′, the dehydrated cake is moved forward by the chopper blades 40 ′, 40 ′,. Mixing, shearing, and dispersing in the processing zone S. Then, it is sent to the next first granulation zone Z1 by floating, stirring action, etc. of the stirring granulation blades 32 ′, 32 ′,. The mixed, sheared, and dispersed dewatered cake is granulated by the stirring granulation blades 32 ′, 32 ′,... In the first granulation zone Z1. By this primary granulation, water floats on the surface of the granulated product. Similarly, a powder addressed to a predetermined amount, for example, incineration ash, is continuously fed from the second material supply port 4 ″. At this time, when there is little floating water, a water film is formed on the surface of the primary granulated product. In the second granulation zone Z2, secondary granulation is performed by the rotation of the stirring granulation blades 32 ', 32',. In the second embodiment, the refrigeration cycle and the like are shown in FIG. 2 in the second embodiment. Although not shown, since the water jacket 10 'is provided, adhesion of the granulated material to the inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation container 2' is prevented or removed.
[0017]
The second embodiment can be variously modified. For example, the shape of the stirring granulation blades 32 ′, 32 ′,... Is made so that the material to be granulated is sequentially fed from the mixing / shearing / dispersing zone S to the second granulating zone Z2 via the first granulating zone Z1. Obviously, the shape can be changed. Also, it is obvious that modifications or changes can be made in the same manner as the modification of the first embodiment. The sized product discharge port 6 ′ can also be provided below the horizontal granulation container 2 ′ as indicated by a large arrow A in FIG.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a horizontal granulation container having a chopper blade that is rotationally driven at a relatively high speed while a rotating shaft to which a stirring granulation blade is attached is disposed in a horizontal direction. First, a fixed amount of granulated material and liquid are added, the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade are rotationally driven to mix, shear, and disperse, and the rotation driving of the chopper blade is stopped and the stirring grain blades 1 Tsugizotsubu to continue the driving rotation, then the powder secondarily charged, further 2 Tsugizotsubu to continue the rotation of the stirring granulation blades, this secondary granulation Since the sized product in which the powder is coated on the surface of the primary granulated product is obtained, the obtained sized product does not adhere to each other. Further, since the sized product is obtained in a state of being covered, the strength is also large. Furthermore , the effect peculiar to this invention that the aggregated granulated material like a dewatering cake is mixed, sheared, and dispersed in a relatively short time is obtained.
According to another invention, at one end of the horizontal granulation vessel, the material to be granulated and the liquid are continuously supplied into the primary and mixed, sheared and dispersed by the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade. Then, primary granulation is performed by the stirring granulation blade at the intermediate portion, and then powder is continuously secondary charged at the end portion, and further secondary granulation is performed by the stirring granulation blade. Since the granulated product in which the powder is coated on the surface of the primary granulated product is continuously obtained by granulation, the effect of continuous granulation can be further obtained in addition to the effect described above. According to still another invention, since the inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation container into which the granulated material and liquid are charged is cooled from the outside, dew condensation water is generated on the inner peripheral wall surface and scattered. The granulated material that tries to reach the inner wall surface is captured by the dew condensation water and then flows along with the dew condensation water. Thereby, the effect which prevents that a to-be-granulated material adheres to the inner peripheral wall surface of a horizontal granulation container and raise | generates a trouble is further acquired.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a first embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a schematic perspective view showing a part thereof broken, and (b) shows one process in a granulated state. It is a typical sectional view shown.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a part of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a part of the second embodiment of the present invention together with a granulated state.
[Explanation of symbols]
2, 2 'Horizontal granulation container 4, 4' Material supply port 6, 6 'Granulated product discharge port 10 Water jacket 30, 30' Rotating shaft 32, 32 'Agitation granulation blade 40, 40' Chopper blade

Claims (4)

A horizontal granulation container having a chopper blade that is rotationally driven at a relatively high speed while a rotating shaft to which a stirring granulation blade is attached is disposed in a horizontal direction, and a predetermined amount of granulated material and liquid are placed in the horizontal granulation vessel. primary charged to mixing and shearing-dispersing driven to rotate and the stirring granulator blades and chopper blades, and the rotational drive of the chopper blade was stopped, the stirring granulation blades continue to drive rotation 1 and Tsugizotsubu, then powder secondarily turned further to continue the rotation of the stirring granulation blade 2 Tsugizotsubu, powder on the surface of the primary granules by the second granulation A granulation method characterized by obtaining a sized product in a state of being coated. A comparatively axial direction having a chopper blade that is rotationally driven at a relatively high speed and has a rotational shaft horizontally disposed with a plurality of stirring granulation blades attached at predetermined intervals in the axial direction A predetermined amount of the granulated material and liquid were continuously added to one end of a long horizontal granulation vessel, and the agitation granulation blade and the chopper blade were driven to rotate. A granulation method of granulating while the granulated material and liquid are transferred to the other end,
At one end of the horizontal granulation vessel, the granulated material and the liquid are continuously firstly charged and mixed, sheared and dispersed by the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade, and at the intermediate portion, Primary granulation is performed with the stirring granulation blade, and then the powder is continuously secondarily charged at the end, and further secondary granulation is performed with the stirring granulation blade, and primary granulation is performed by the secondary granulation. A granulation method characterized by continuously obtaining a sized product in which a powder is coated on the surface of the product. The granulation method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein a liquid for adjustment is also charged at the time of the secondary charging. The primary material supply unit into which the granulated material and the liquid are charged near one end, the sized product discharge unit from which the sized product is discharged near the other end, and the primary material supply A horizontal granulation container having a relatively long axial direction in which a secondary material supply unit into which powder is mainly charged is provided between the unit and the sized product discharge unit, and a plurality of axially spaced apart granulation containers. It consists of a rotating shaft to which a single agitation granulation blade is attached, and a chopper blade that is driven to rotate at a relatively high speed in the horizontal granulation vessel,
The rotating shaft is provided in the horizontal direction inside the horizontal granulation container, and the chopper blade is provided at a position corresponding to the vicinity of the primary material supply unit of the horizontal granulation container, whereby the workpiece to be charged is introduced. The granulated product and the liquid are mixed, sheared and dispersed by the stirring granulation blade and the chopper blade at one end, and are primarily granulated by the stirring granulation blade at the intermediate portion, and then the end portion. In which the powder is secondarily charged and further subjected to secondary granulation by the stirring granulation blade , and the inner peripheral wall of the horizontal granulation vessel is cooled from the outside. Grain device.

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