JP4355863B2 - High pressure reaction vessel - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-pressure reaction vessel for reacting an object to be treated in an environment of water in a supercritical region, and is advantageously used for the decomposition treatment of hardly decomposable organic substances.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a high-pressure reaction vessel, there is conventionally known a double-tube structure in which an inner cylinder having an open end is placed in an outer cylinder (see, for example, JP-A-7-313987). In such a high-pressure reaction vessel, water is pressurized to a critical pressure or higher with a pump and heated with a heater, and this is put into an outer space formed between the rear end side of the outer cylinder and the inner and outer cylinders and sent to the front end side. Heat is absorbed from the inner cylinder side, raised to a temperature near the critical temperature, inverted and placed in the inner cylinder, while raw water containing the material to be treated and oxygen from the oxidizing agent are put into the inner cylinder from the tip side. By mixing water heated to a high temperature with raw water and oxygen, an object to be treated and oxygen in the raw water are oxidized in an inner cylinder under an environment near the critical region of water, The raw water is converted into a reaction fluid that has become a temperature higher than the critical temperature due to the heat generated during decomposition while being decomposed, and is cooled by exchanging heat with the water introduced from the rear end side and discharged from the rear end. The treated product can be oxidized. According to such an apparatus utilizing a reaction in an environment near the supercritical region, even if the object to be processed contains a hardly decomposable harmful organic substance, it is decomposed into harmless molecules and discharged. be able to.
[0003]
However, such a high pressure reaction vessel has the following problems. That is:
(1) Since the water introduced into the outer cylinder must basically be heated to the supercritical temperature by the final stage of heat exchange between the inner and outer cylinders, the water is brought to a certain temperature before being introduced into the outer cylinder. It was necessary to preheat. Therefore, the amount of heat that can be removed from the reaction fluid is reduced, and the amount of water that is condensed from the supercritical state is small. As a result, the effect of flowing out scale components such as inorganic salts as reaction products with condensed water was small, and the amount of scale adhered to the reaction vessel was large. Also, the heat recovery efficiency in the reaction vessel was low.
(2) As described above, water is preheated to obtain the target final temperature. At this time, it is necessary to control the temperature of the preheater by predicting the temperature rise of the water due to heat absorption in the reaction vessel. . Therefore, the temperature control becomes indirect, and the target final temperature cannot be accurately controlled. Therefore, it is not easy to change the set temperature, and the degree of freedom in operation is lacking.
(3) On the tip side of the inner cylinder, the heat of the reaction part is transferred to the water side through the inner cylinder wall, so that the reaction temperature tends to decrease and adversely affects the reaction conditions.
(4) Water is heated in the outer cylinder to increase the temperature, and since the reaction part opens into the outer cylinder and both are conductive, the inner surface of the outer cylinder is easily corroded by the object to be processed. For this reason, a high-grade material having high corrosion resistance must be used for the high pressure outer cylinder, and an extra thickness in consideration of corrosion has to be provided, resulting in an increase in product cost.
[0004]
As a high-pressure reaction vessel that can solve a part of the above problems, there has been proposed one that equalizes the pressure between the inner and outer cylinders, prevents corrosion of the outer cylinder without making the inner cylinder a pressure vessel, and reduces costs. (See JP-A-9-85075). However, the feature of this container is that the pressure resistance performance and the corrosion resistance performance are separated from each other. In this container, no consideration is given to improvement of thermal performance, reduction of scale adhesion, and the like.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, reduces the corrosion resistance of the pressure-resistant portion, and lowers the cost. Also, the thermal performance is good, the scale adhesion is reduced, and the high-pressure operation is high. It is an object to provide a reaction vessel.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a high-pressure reaction vessel for reacting and processing an object to be processed in a supercritical water environment.
Is heated to above the critical temperature of the temperature when issued from the water outlet and the water outlet for water inlet and said from while the other side which is in the direction above the side out the high-pressure water for admitting high pressure water from one side And a water re-inlet for re-entering the high-pressure water to which oxygen is added from the other side, a raw material inlet for re-entering the object to be treated from the other side, and a fluid after the object to be treated has been reacted A pressure vessel having a fluid outlet for exiting from one side and an outer space partitioned from the pressure vessel from the one side end toward the other side to the vicinity of the other side end are formed. An intermediate partition provided inside the pressure-resistant container, and an inner space partitioned from the other side end toward the one side so as to become a reaction part for the reaction And forming the intermediate partition Said in an inner partition member provided on the inner side of the partition member, sealing means provided on said direction of the end of the gap to limit the conduction of the fluid in the gap so as to form a gap between, And the water inlet and the water outlet are provided so as to conduct to the outer space, and the water re-inlet, the raw material inlet and the fluid outlet are heated and oxygen is added thereto. And the object to be processed react to generate heat, reach a supercritical temperature, and reveal an environment of water in the supercritical region. And
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an example of the structure of a high-pressure reaction vessel to which the present invention is applied and an example of the overall configuration of a supercritical reaction apparatus capable of exhibiting the function of such a high-pressure reaction vessel.
The high-pressure reaction vessel is for reacting and processing an object to be treated such as a harmful organic substance in a water environment in a supercritical region at a pressure of 218 atm and a temperature of 374 ° C. or more. A pressure-resistant container 1 composed of lids 1b and 1c which are one end and the other end, an intermediate cylinder 2 as an intermediate partition provided on the inner side, an inner cylinder 3 as an inner partition provided on the inner side, a seal It is comprised by the sealing material 4 etc. as a means.
[0008]
The pressure vessel 1 has a water inlet 5 for supplying high-pressure water from the lid 1b side which is one side, a water outlet 6 for discharging high-pressure water from the lid 1c side which is the other side, and high-pressure water again from the lid 1c side. Water re-inlet 7, waste liquid inlet 8 which is a raw material inlet for putting waste liquid containing a hard-to-decompose organic substance or the like as an object to be processed from the lid 1c side, and the fluid after the waste liquid has been subjected to reaction treatment is taken out from the lid 1b side Fluid outlets 9 and the like. For the outer cylinder 1a which is the main part of the pressure vessel 1, for example, a tube piece having a flange on a thick stainless steel pipe is used as a material having a normal degree of corrosion resistance. For the lids 1b and 1c, a highly corrosion-resistant material such as Incoloy (trade name) is used. As the lids 1b and 1c, screw joint members having pressure resistance and airtightness are advantageously used instead of flanges.
[0009]
The intermediate cylinder 2 forms an outer flow path 10 which is an outer space partitioned from the pressure vessel 1 from the lid 1b which is the end on the lid 1b side toward the lid 1c side and close to the lid 1c which is the end. It is provided to do. The intermediate cylinder 2 is also made of a highly corrosion resistant material like the lid. The inner cylinder 3 forms a reaction portion 11 as an inner space which is extended from the lid 1c which is an end on the lid 1c side to the lid 1b side and is partitioned so as to become a reaction portion for reaction. A gap 12 is formed between the intermediate cylinder 2 and the intermediate cylinder 2. The inner space of the intermediate cylinder 2 from the extended tip 3 a of the inner cylinder 3 to the lid 1 b becomes a cooling unit 13. The inner cylinder 3 is also made of the same material as the intermediate cylinder 2.
[0010]
The length of the inner cylinder 3 varies depending on the type of the object to be treated, the temperature and pressure of the high-pressure water to be introduced, the flow rate thereof, and other reaction conditions, and is determined so as to suit the actual apparatus. This length may be such that the reaction is almost completed in the inner cylinder 3, but it is desirable that the length is long so that the cooling action by the cooling unit 13 does not adversely affect the reaction. If necessary, a batch processing test may be performed to determine the residence time of the internal fluid necessary for the reaction, and the length satisfying the residence time may be determined from the processing amount and the flow rate. On the other hand, the length of the cooling unit 13 formed from the tip 3a of the inner cylinder to the lid 1b is determined by the length of the pressure-resistant container 1 and the position of the tip 3a. In this case, the length of the cooling unit 13 is preferably long from the viewpoint of the cooling effect, but if this is lengthened, the length of the pressure vessel 1 and the intermediate cylinder 2 becomes long and the device cost becomes high. Therefore, it is determined so as to be optimal in actual design.
[0011]
The sealing material 4 restricts fluid conduction in the gap 12. That is, each part in the high-pressure reaction vessel has the same high-pressure condition, but has a certain pressure difference in the flow direction of the internal fluid. In this example, the sealing material 4 is fixed to the inner cylinder 3 and the intermediate cylinder By conducting pressure contact with the second side, conduction between the outer flow path 10 and the reaction section 12 and the cooling section 13 is interrupted. In this case, between the intermediate cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 expands / contracts in opposite directions during operation and during cooling, there is a possibility that some leakage will occur in the seal material 4 portion. Such leakage is tolerated with virtually no problem. In addition, as a sealing means, for example, a structure that assumes a small amount of leak, such as a labyrinth seal, or a structure that seals by providing a contracted tube portion or a expanded tube portion in a part of the intermediate tube 2 or the inner tube 3 is used. The thing etc. may be sufficient.
[0012]
In such a structure, the water inlet 5 and the water outlet 6 are provided so as to be connected to the outer flow path 10, and the water re-inlet 7, the waste liquid inlet 8 and the fluid outlet 9 are provided so as to be connected to the reaction unit 11. It has been. In this example, the water re-inlet 7 and the waste liquid inlet 8 are provided separately, but if this is done, the oxidation reaction of the waste liquid described later can be started after entering the reaction section 11. However, it is also possible to reduce the number of the pipe systems introduced into them into one common line near the inlet, reduce the number of the inlets 7 and 8 as one inlet, and facilitate the opening of the lid.
[0013]
The supercritical reaction apparatus that enables the operation of such a high-pressure reaction vessel includes a pump 20 that pumps degassed water or clean water to the water inlet 5 at a high pressure, a heat recovery device 21 that recovers heat externally, and a water outlet 6. The high-pressure water that has come out can be freely heated to a higher temperature as needed, and the heated high-temperature and high-pressure water can be supplied to the water re-inlet 7. The oxidant can be added to the inlet or outlet of the heater 22 or both. An oxygen supply system 23 for supplying oxygen by means of a temperature, a temperature controller 24 for controlling the temperature or reaction temperature of high-pressure high-temperature water at the outlet of the heater 22, and a waste liquid supply system for supplying waste liquid to the waste liquid inlet 8 by a pump (not shown). 25, an alkali agent injection system 26 for injecting an alkali agent thereto, a gas-liquid solid separator 27 for separating the liquid, water, vapor, solid and non-condensable gas by introducing the fluid discharged from the fluid outlet 9, and separating from this The heated gas into the heat A first flash tank 28 that is introduced through the collector 21 to condense water vapor and separate non-condensable gas, and is provided in front of the first flash tank 28 for maintaining the upstream pressure at a high pressure and reducing the downstream pressure. A constant pressure valve 29, a drain separator 30 for allowing liquid to pass through, a second constant pressure valve 31 for maintaining the upstream system at a high pressure and depressurizing the downstream side, and depressurizing high-temperature high-pressure water to a pressure close to atmospheric pressure to generate water vapor. A second flash tank 32 for flash evaporation, a water vapor and gas discharge pipe 33 for maintaining the pressure in the second flash tank 32 at a low pressure, and the like are configured. The first and second flash tanks 28 and 32 are respectively provided with a water vapor and non-condensable gas outlet 28a and a liquid outlet 32a containing an undissolved solid.
[0014]
The supercritical reaction apparatus as described above is operated as follows, and the high-pressure reaction vessel operates as follows.
The pump 20 is operated and deaerated water or clean water is pumped. The constant pressure valves 29 and 31 maintain the upstream pressure as a supercritical pressure of water, for example, at about 230 atm. In this way, the clean high-pressure water pumped from the pump 20 at room temperature with supercritical pressure recovers its heat by cooling the gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 27 with the heat recovery device 21, and the temperature rises to some extent. Then, the high temperature fluid after the reaction in the cooling unit 13 is cooled at the upstream portion thereof, and the temperature is raised to, for example, about 200 ° C., and further raised in the outer flow channel 10. Then, the water is discharged from the water outlet 6 at about 300 ° C., heated by the heater 22 and the temperature controller 24 to a critical temperature of 374 ° C. or higher, and oxygen is injected, and the water re-inlet 7 enters a supercritical state. From this time, it is put in the reaction section 11 of the high pressure reaction vessel.
[0015]
In parallel with the flow of supercritical water, a waste liquid containing a hardly decomposable organic substance is introduced into the reaction section 11 from the waste liquid inlet 8 together with an alkaline agent, and in this state, the temperature rises at once by contact with the supercritical water. To do. As a result, the organic matter in the waste liquid reacts with oxygen in the supercritical state environment of water to generate heat, and the mixed fluid reaches the supercritical temperature. By maintaining such a high temperature environment, the oxidation reaction is completed in the entire waste liquid flowing in, and the hardly decomposable harmful organic substances are supercritical gas such as CO2, N2, SO2, HCL or inorganic substances. The acid reacts with alkali to form a salt. In this case, in the present invention, since the gap 12 sealed with the sealing material 4 is provided between the inner cylinder and the intermediate cylinder, the gap 12 is filled with the gas, and the gap between the reaction portion 11 and the external space 10 is obtained. A heat insulation effect is produced, temperature drop in the reaction part 11 is suppressed, and a high temperature state necessary as a reaction condition is favorably maintained. The alkaline agent is for neutralizing an acid such as hydrochloric acid generated when the acid generation component such as chlorine is contained in the waste liquid to form a salt to prevent corrosion.
[0016]
The fluid after the oxidation reaction under supercritical conditions is in a state where the supercritical water is the main component as described above and various gases generated therein and a small amount of precipitated inorganic solid matter are mixed. Such a fluid is cooled in the cooling unit 13 by the high-pressure water flowing through the outer flow path 10 as described above. In that case, since the high-pressure water flowing through the outer flow path 10 is relatively low temperature, the cooling efficiency is good. Therefore, by setting the cooling unit 13 to a certain length, the temperature of the fluid after the reaction is lower than a critical temperature of about 300 ° C. Can be cooled down, and a considerable amount can be condensed.
[0017]
On the other hand, a part of the inorganic substance produced by the oxidation reaction is in a dry micron-sized powder immediately after the reaction, but when cooled in the cooling section, it has a scale with adhesion. Become an ingredient. However, as described above, the supercritical water is cooled and a considerable amount thereof is condensed to become water, so that it is discharged together with this water. As a result, the adhesion of scale to the inside of the intermediate cylinder can be reduced.
[0018]
The discharged fluid enters the gas-liquid separator 27 and is taken out as gas, water, and solid content from above and below, respectively. As described above, the gas passes through the heat recovery device 21 and is cooled by preheating the high-pressure water, passes through the constant pressure valve 29, is reduced to near atmospheric pressure, and is ejected into the water of the first flash tank 28. Is absorbed from the gas outlet 28a. The water vapor introduced along with the gas is condensed and discharged from the liquid outlet 28b.
[0019]
Water and solid content are ejected into the second flash tank 32 through the drain separator 30 and the constant pressure valve 31. The water vapor generated therein and the gas separated and mixed in the water are discharged from the gas outlet 32 b and introduced into the first flash tank 28. Water and solids are discharged from the liquid outlet 32a. Although not shown, the water in the first and second flash tanks is cooled by a cooling pipe or the like. Further, the water discharged from these may be reused as clean water supplied to the pump 20 after necessary treatments such as deaeration, pH adjustment, and softening.
[0020]
In the supercritical reaction apparatus operated as described above, according to the high-pressure reaction vessel to which the present invention is applied, the high-pressure water that has absorbed heat from the high-temperature fluid in the cooling section 13 in the outer flow path 10 is inverted as in the conventional case. Since the whole amount is once taken out and reheated by the heater 22 without being put into the inner reaction part, the high-pressure water is surely put in the vicinity of the critical temperature or sufficiently higher before being put into the reaction part 11. To reach the temperature condition necessary for starting the reaction. In addition, since the final temperature can be easily and freely set by the heater 22 so as to meet the reaction conditions that may change to some extent depending on the object to be treated, operational flexibility can be obtained.
[0021]
In addition, since the high pressure water is finally heated by the heater 22 in this way, it is not necessary to raise the temperature to the critical temperature in the high pressure reaction vessel. It is not necessary to preheat to a high temperature with a heater. In this example, the exhaust heat is recovered by the heat recovery device 21. Therefore, the high-temperature fluid after the reaction is cooled by the high-pressure water having a relatively low temperature in the outer flow path 10, and the heat transfer temperature difference in the cooling section is increased, so that the cooling effect is improved. As a result, the reaction fluid can be lowered to a temperature lower than that of the conventional one by heat recovery only by making the cooling unit 13 to a certain length, and a corresponding amount can be condensed. Therefore, according to the present invention, the thermal performance can be improved while suppressing the apparatus cost without lengthening the pressure vessel and the intermediate cylinder so much.
[0022]
Furthermore, since the gap 12 is formed by providing a triple portion in the high-pressure reaction vessel, this portion is filled with a reaction gas to exert a heat insulation effect, and heat transfer between the fluid in the reaction section and the external high-pressure water is performed. The high temperature in the supercritical state in the reaction part 11 can be maintained, and good reaction conditions can be maintained. In addition, only high-pressure water is allowed to flow into the outer flow path 10, and waste liquid and oxygen are not put therein, and there is no opening reversal portion where the high-pressure water is electrically connected to the reaction water as in the prior art. Therefore, the inside of the outer cylinder 1a of the pressure vessel 1 is not corroded by components, reaction products and oxygen in the waste liquid. As a result, it is not necessary to use a high-grade corrosion-resistant material for the outer cylinder 1a, and it is not necessary to provide an extra thickness for corrosion.
[0023]
On the other hand, since the intermediate cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are corroded by reaction products and the like, it is necessary to use a highly corrosion resistant material for these. However, since the inside of the high-pressure reaction vessel is almost at the same pressure by the constant pressure valves 29 and 31, the intermediate cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are hardly subjected to circumferential stress due to pressure. Therefore, a thin material can be used for these. As a result, the cost of the high-pressure reaction vessel can be reduced as a whole.
[0024]
Further, since the waste liquid does not flow in the outer flow path 10 as described above, there is no scale component and scale does not adhere to the wall surface. On the other hand, inside the intermediate cylinder 2, since the amount of condensate of the fluid in the critical state increases due to the improvement of the cooling effect as described above, most of the scale components that are cooled and cause adhesion are discharged to the outside together with the condensate. be able to. As a result, adhesion of scale to the inside of the intermediate cylinder is reduced. In addition, since the high pressure water sent to the heater 22 does not contain a non-condensable gas, heat exchange efficiency is good in heat exchange with the reaction fluid or heating in the heater.
[0025]
FIG. 2 shows an example in which a guide cylinder 14 and a scale peeling member 15 are provided in a high-pressure reaction vessel as a structural part for scaling.
The guide cylinder 14 guides the fluid after the reaction in the reaction unit 11 to be ejected from the central portion. As a result, the ash-like scale component generated by the reaction existing in the fluid is ejected to the lower side of the fluid that has already been cooled and liquefied in the cooling unit 13, and is mixed and adsorbed thereto. Then, such a scale component directly hits the wall surface of the intermediate cylinder 2 in the cooling unit 13 to be cooled, thereby preventing a problem of being attached to the wall surface as it is.
[0026]
The scale peeling member 15 is formed by attaching a notch spiral 15b around the core material 15a, and is detachably attached to the inner cylinder 3 by fitting or the like. The expansion / contraction action due to heat, that is, in use and in the cold state The intermediate cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 3 are used to expand and contract in opposite directions, and the scale attached to the inner surface of the intermediate cylinder 2 is scraped off at the leading edge of the spiral.
[0027]
By providing such a structural portion, it is possible to reduce the adhesion of the scale, and to reduce the maintenance work for removing the scale by disassembling the high-pressure reaction vessel. Further, when the apparatus is stopped, the scale attached to the inner surface of the intermediate cylinder 2 can be scraped off by simply rotating the inner cylinder 3 together with the lid 1c without opening the container, thereby facilitating the work. Can do.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a high-pressure reaction vessel for reacting an object to be processed in a supercritical water environment includes a pressure vessel, an intermediate divider, and an inner divider each having necessary components. And high pressure water from the water inlet on one side of the pressure vessel into the outer space formed between the intermediate partition, and once out from the water outlet to heat appropriately. It can be heated freely by means. As a result, before entering high pressure water from the water re-entry into the inner space, it is necessary to start the reaction to reliably raise the temperature to a temperature close to the critical temperature or sufficiently higher, and to decompose the material to be treated. A certain temperature can be reliably reached. In addition, when it is necessary to change the set temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure water introduced from the water re-entrance, the temperature can be changed easily and freely by adjusting the heater to be provided outside. A degree of freedom in driving can be obtained.
[0029]
The intermediate partition and the inner partition are provided from one end and the other end, respectively, and the inner partition reaches one end so as to form an inner space up to the position where the reaction takes place inside. Since the inner space is provided as a reaction processing part of the object to be processed, the inside of the intermediate partition formed continuously therewith can be used as a cooling part for the fluid after the reaction. In this case, since the high-pressure water can be finally heated by an external heating means as described above, it is put into the external space at an appropriately low temperature without special preheating, and the recovery efficiency of the reaction heat is improved, and the cooling part is appropriately The condensate amount of the reaction fluid can be increased by increasing the length.
[0030]
Furthermore, since a gap is formed between the intermediate partition and the inner partition and the conduction of the gap is limited by the sealing means, the gas generated by the reaction treatment of the object to be processed in the inner space is filled in the gap. It exerts an adiabatic effect, greatly restricts heat transfer between the fluid in the reaction space in the inner space and the high-pressure water in the outer space, maintains a high supercritical temperature in the reaction portion, and maintains good reaction conditions. Can last. Also, only high-pressure water is allowed to flow into the outer space, and the object to be treated and oxygen are not put into the outer space. Will not be corroded by. As a result, it is not necessary to use a high-grade and expensive corrosion-resistant material for the main part of the pressure vessel, and it is not necessary to provide an extra thickness for corrosion.
[0031]
On the other hand, since the intermediate partition and the inner partition are corroded by reaction products and the like, it is necessary to use a highly corrosion-resistant material for these. However, since the inside of the high-pressure reaction vessel is generally brought to substantially the same pressure by a constant pressure valve or the like, the circumferential stress due to the pressure is hardly applied to both partitions. Therefore, a thin material can be used for these. As a result, the cost of the high-pressure reaction vessel can be reduced as a whole.
[0032]
Further, since the object to be processed is not put in the outer space as described above, there is no scale component and scale does not adhere to the wall surface. On the other hand, inside the intermediate partition, it is possible to condense a lot of fluid in the supercritical state as described above, so that most of the scale components that have been cooled and become adherent are adsorbed and dissolved in the condensed water, At the same time, it can be discharged to the outside. As a result, adhesion of scale to the inside of the intermediate partition is reduced. Moreover, since the high-pressure water sent to the external heating means does not contain non-condensable gas, the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange with the fluid after the reaction and the heating with the heater is good also in this respect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration example of a supercritical reaction apparatus including a high-pressure reaction vessel.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a high-pressure reaction vessel provided with a structural part for scaling.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pressure-resistant container 1a Outer cylinder (pressure-resistant container)
1b, 1c Lid (pressure vessel, one end and the other end)
2 Intermediate cylinder (intermediate partition)
3 Inner cylinder (inner partition)
4 Sealing material (sealing means)
5 Water inlet 6 Water outlet 7 Water re-inlet 8 Waste liquid inlet ( raw material inlet )
9 Fluid outlet 10 Outer channel (outer space)
11 reaction part (inside space)
12 gap

Claims (1)

In a high-pressure reaction vessel for reacting and processing a workpiece in a supercritical water environment,
Is heated to above the critical temperature of the temperature when issued from the water outlet and the water outlet for water inlet and said from while the other side which is in the direction above the side out the high-pressure water for admitting high pressure water from one side And a water re-inlet for re-entering the high-pressure water to which oxygen is added from the other side, a raw material inlet for re-entering the object to be treated from the other side, and a fluid after the object to be treated has been reacted A pressure vessel having a fluid outlet for exiting from one side and an outer space partitioned from the pressure vessel from the one side end toward the other side to the vicinity of the other side end are formed. An intermediate partition provided inside the pressure-resistant container, and an inner space partitioned from the other side end toward the one side so as to become a reaction part for the reaction And forming the intermediate partition Said in an inner partition member provided on the inner side of the partition member, sealing means provided on said direction of the end of the gap to limit the conduction of the fluid in the gap so as to form a gap between, And the water inlet and the water outlet are provided so as to conduct to the outer space, and the water re-inlet, the raw material inlet and the fluid outlet are heated and oxygen is added thereto. And the object to be processed react to generate heat, reach a supercritical temperature, and reveal an environment of water in the supercritical region. High pressure reaction vessel.

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