JP4361442B2 - Braking device in experimental equipment using train model - Google Patents
Braking device in experimental equipment using train model Download PDFInfo
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- JP4361442B2 JP4361442B2 JP2004232130A JP2004232130A JP4361442B2 JP 4361442 B2 JP4361442 B2 JP 4361442B2 JP 2004232130 A JP2004232130 A JP 2004232130A JP 2004232130 A JP2004232130 A JP 2004232130A JP 4361442 B2 JP4361442 B2 JP 4361442B2
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Description
本発明は、列車が高速で所定空間やトンネル内を通過する際や、トンネルに突入及び退出する際に発生する圧力変動や低周波音の解明のため、列車模型を高速で発射させ、試験区間通過後に停止させる実験装置において、その発射装置から発射された列車模型を停止させる列車模型による実験装置における制動装置に関するものである。 The present invention allows a train model to be launched at a high speed in order to elucidate pressure fluctuations and low-frequency sound that occur when a train passes through a predetermined space or tunnel at high speed, and when entering and exiting a tunnel. The present invention relates to a braking device in an experimental apparatus using a train model that stops a train model emitted from the launching apparatus in the experimental apparatus that is stopped after passing.
列車模型による実験装置において、発射装置と制動装置の間は所定の距離が設けられており、その区間で列車通過による圧力変動や低周波音の測定を行う。 In the experimental apparatus using a train model, a predetermined distance is provided between the launching device and the braking device, and pressure fluctuation and low-frequency sound due to passage of the train are measured in that section.
発射装置から制動装置までは、ワイヤー（ピアノ線）が緊張装置によって張られており、列車模型はそのワイヤーに沿って、案内されて進む（下記特許文献１、２参照）。 From the launching device to the braking device, a wire (piano wire) is stretched by a tensioning device, and the train model is guided and advanced along the wire (see Patent Documents 1 and 2 below).
発射装置は、高速回転する一対の車輪を複数装備した装置からなり、列車模型をその高速回転する車輪の周囲に貼ってあるゴムの摩擦で挟んで放つ方式を採用しているが、制動装置はその列車模型が高速で発射されても確実に列車模型を停止させる必要がある。 The launching device consists of a device equipped with a pair of high-speed rotating wheels, and adopts a system in which the train model is released with the friction of rubber pasted around the high-speed rotating wheels, but the braking device is Even if the train model is launched at high speed, it is necessary to stop the train model without fail.
そこで、従来の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置は、高速発射された列車模型を減速させるため、エネルギーを吸収させるエアダンパー付きのクッションを装備している。すなわち、列車模型の先頭部でクッション材を押しながら減速する方式である。
しかしながら、上記した従来の制動装置では、列車模型の速度が高速になるとエネルギーが増え制動距離も延びるので、その制動装置の長さも長くなってしまう。 However, in the above-described conventional braking device, when the speed of the train model is increased, the energy increases and the braking distance is extended, so that the length of the braking device is also increased.
また、エアダンパー付きのクッションではその制動を安定に行うのに難があった。 In addition, the cushion with the air damper has a difficulty in stably performing the braking.
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、多くの直列に配置された摩擦板で模型車両を的確に安定に制動し停止させることができる列車模型による実験装置における制動装置を提供することを目的とする。 In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a braking device in an experimental device using a train model that can accurately and stably brake and stop a model vehicle with a number of friction plates arranged in series. .
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕列車模型を高速で発射させ、試験区間通過後に停止させる実験装置において、突入する弾丸形状の列車模型（３１）の中心線に対応した円形状の空間が形成される複数枚の摩擦板（７）と、前記列車模型（３１）の中心線に対応した前記摩擦板（７）の円形状の空間よりも大きめの円形状の空間（８Ａ）を有し、前記複数枚の摩擦板（７）それぞれの間に配置される剛性の高いスペーサ（８）と、前記摩擦板（７）と前記スペーサ（８）が挟着される制動筒（９）とを備え、この制動筒（９）を複数個直列に配置するようにしたものである。
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] A plurality of friction plates in which a circular space corresponding to the center line of an injecting bullet-shaped train model (31) is formed in an experimental apparatus that launches a train model at high speed and stops after passing through a test section (7) and a circular space (8A) larger than the circular space of the friction plate (7) corresponding to the center line of the train model (31 ) , and the plurality of friction plates ( 7) comprises a spacer (8) having high rigidity which is disposed between each, and a brake cylinder (9), wherein said friction plate (7) the spacer (8) is clamped, the brake cylinder (9) Are arranged in series .
〔２〕上記〔１〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記摩擦板がゴム板からなることを特徴とする。 [2] In the braking device in the experimental apparatus using the train model according to [1], the friction plate is made of a rubber plate.
〔３〕上記〔２〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記ゴム板に形成される前記円形状の空間が前記列車模型が通過する円形状の空間とこの円形状の空間に連通する垂直方向の空間からなることを特徴とする。 [3] The brake device of the above-mentioned [2], the experimental apparatus according to the train model described communicating the circular space with the circular space in which the circular space formed in the rubber plate is the train model passes It is characterized by comprising a vertical space.
〔４〕上記〔３〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記ゴム板及びスペーサは、半割りカセットにより二分割され、それぞれ個別に支持されており、互いに離間されて対向配置されることを特徴とする。 [4] In the braking device in the experimental apparatus using the train model according to [3], the rubber plate and the spacer are divided into two parts by a half cassette, are individually supported, and are spaced apart from each other. It is characterized by that.
〔５〕上記〔４〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記二分割されたゴム板及びスペーサの、互いに離間された間隔を調整可能な前記制動筒のゴム板押し当て量調整ハンドルを具備することを特徴とする。 [5] The braking device in the experimental apparatus using the train model according to [4], wherein the rubber plate pressing amount adjusting handle of the braking cylinder capable of adjusting a distance between the two divided rubber plates and the spacers. It is characterized by comprising.
〔６〕上記〔５〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記制動筒のゴム板押し当て量を直列に配置された前記制動筒毎に前記列車模型の速度に応じて調整することを特徴とする。 [6] In the braking device in the experimental apparatus using the train model according to [5], the rubber plate pressing amount of the brake cylinder is adjusted according to the speed of the train model for each of the brake cylinders arranged in series. It is characterized by.
〔７〕上記〔１〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記制動筒の前記摩擦板の数を前記列車模型の走行速度に応じて調整することを特徴とする。 [7] The brake device of the above (1) Experimental device according train model, wherein said adjusting according to the number of the friction plates of the brake cylinder to the running speed of the train model.
〔８〕上記〔１〕又は〔７〕記載の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置において、前記制動筒の数を前記列車模型の走行速度に応じて調整することを特徴とする。 [8] In the braking system of the above [1] or [7] experimental apparatus according to the train model, wherein said adjusting according to the number of the brake cylinder to the running speed of the train model.
本発明によれば、以下のような効果を奏することができる。 According to the present invention, the following effects can be achieved.
（１）列車模型の形状をくりぬいたゴム板を複数並べた制動筒の中を列車模型がゴムと擦れながら通り抜ける際、列車模型の表面とゴム板との摩擦により減速させる。このように、直列に配置された制動筒の複数の摩擦板で列車模型を的確に制動し停止させることができる。 (1) When a train model passes through a braking cylinder in which a plurality of rubber plates formed by hollowing out the shape of the train model are rubbed with rubber, the train model is decelerated by friction between the surface of the train model and the rubber plate. In this way, the train model can be accurately braked and stopped by the plurality of friction plates of the brake cylinders arranged in series .
（２）制動筒毎に摩擦板の列車模型への押し付け圧の調整を行うことができる。 (2) The pressing pressure of the friction plate against the train model can be adjusted for each brake cylinder.
（３）摩擦板の押し付け圧が異なる制動筒の配置を適宜変更して配置し列車模型の的確な停止を行うことができる。 (3) The brake model can be appropriately stopped by appropriately changing the arrangement of the brake cylinders having different friction plate pressing pressures.
列車模型を高速で発射させ、試験区間通過後に停止させる実験装置において、突入する弾丸形状の列車模型の中心線に対応した円形状の空間が形成される複数枚の摩擦板と、前記列車模型の中心線に対応した前記摩擦板の円形状の空間よりも大きめの円形状の空間を有し、前記複数枚の摩擦板それぞれの間に配置される剛性の高いスペーサと、前記摩擦板と前記スペーサが挟着される制動筒とを備え、この制動筒を複数個直列に配置する。よって、直列に配置された前記制動筒の複数の摩擦板で模型列車を的確に制動して停止させることができる。 In the experimental device that launches the train model at high speed and stops after passing through the test section, a plurality of friction plates in which a circular space corresponding to the center line of the bullet-shaped train model to enter is formed, and the train model has a large circular space than circular space of the friction plate corresponding to the center line, and the high spacer rigidity which is disposed between each of said plurality of friction plates, said friction plates the spacer There a brake cylinder which is clamped to place the brake cylinder series a plurality. Therefore, the model train can be accurately braked and stopped by the plurality of friction plates of the brake cylinders arranged in series .
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
図１は本発明の実施例を示す列車模型による実験装置における制動装置の要部断面図、図２はゴム板の模式図であり、図２（ａ）はその平面図、図２（ｂ）はその側面図である。図３はスペーサの模式図であり、図３（ａ）はその平面図、図３（ｂ）はその側面図である。図４は図１の正面図、図５は図１の右側面図、図６はその制動装置を直列に配置した図、図７はその列車模型による実験装置の全体模式図、図８はその実験装置の全体を示す図面代用写真である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of a braking device in an experimental apparatus using a train model showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rubber plate, FIG. Is a side view thereof. FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the spacer, FIG. 3 (a) is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 (b) is a side view thereof. 4 is a front view of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a right side view of FIG. 1, FIG. 6 is a diagram in which the braking devices are arranged in series , FIG. 7 is an overall schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus using the train model, and FIG. It is a drawing substitute photograph which shows the whole experimental apparatus.
まず、本発明の列車模型による実験装置の全体構成について、図７及び図８を参照しながら説明する。 First, the overall configuration of the experimental apparatus using the train model of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
本発明にかかる列車模型による実験装置は、以下のように構成される。 The experimental apparatus using the train model according to the present invention is configured as follows.
緊張装置Ａと緊張装置Ｇとの間でピンと張られているワイヤー（ピアノ線）Ｂに案内される弾丸形状の列車模型Ｃが配置され、その列車模型Ｃは、一対の車輪を複数（ここでは４組）装備し、その一対の車輪をそれぞれ高速回転させることで車輪外周のゴムと列車模型との摩擦により列車模型Ｃを発射する発射装置Ｄで発射されて、列車模型Ｃは走行路（トンネルなどをセットする）Ｅを高速で走行し、その高速の列車模型Ｃは制動装置Ｆで制動されて停止する。ここで、発射装置Ｄから発射された列車模型Ｃが、例えば走行路Ｅ（試験区間）のトンネルに突入・退出したとき、トンネル内部に圧力波が形成されるだけでなく、トンネル外部には低周波音が形成される。本発明にかかる列車模型による実験装置は、このような圧力波や低周波音の分析を行うための装置である。そして、本発明は、特に、その列車模型Ｃの制動装置Ｆに特徴を有する。 A bullet-shaped train model C guided by a wire (piano wire) B stretched between the tensioning device A and the tensioning device G is arranged, and the train model C includes a plurality of wheels (here, 4 sets), and the pair of wheels are rotated at high speed, and the train model C is fired by a launching device D that launches the train model C by friction between the rubber on the outer periphery of the wheels and the train model. E) is driven at a high speed, and the high-speed train model C is braked by the braking device F and stopped. Here, when the train model C launched from the launching device D enters and exits the tunnel of the traveling path E (test section), for example, not only pressure waves are formed inside the tunnel, but also low outside the tunnel. A frequency sound is formed. The experimental apparatus using the train model according to the present invention is an apparatus for analyzing such pressure waves and low-frequency sounds. And this invention has the characteristics in the braking device F of the train model C especially.
図１〜図６において、１は脚フレーム、２，３はチャンネルビーム、６は半割カセット、７はゴム板（天然ゴム）、７Ａはゴム板７の列車模型が通過する空間、７Ｂはその空間７Ａに連通する垂直方向の空間、８はスペーサ（鋼材）、９は制動筒、１０Ａ，１０Ｂは把手、１１はクランクレバー、１２は位置決めピン、１３はワイヤー（ピアノ線）、１４はロッド棒、１５はガイドブラケット、１６はＬ金具、１７はネジ軸、１８はカラー、１９はメネジナット、２０はベースフレーム、２１は制動筒９のゴム板７押し当て量調整ハンドル、３１は弾丸形状の列車模型である。 1 to 6, 1 is a leg frame, 2 and 3 are channel beams, 6 is a half cassette, 7 is a rubber plate (natural rubber), 7A is a space through which a train model of the rubber plate 7 passes, and 7B is its Vertical space communicating with the space 7A, 8 is a spacer (steel material), 9 is a brake cylinder, 10A and 10B are handles, 11 is a crank lever, 12 is a positioning pin, 13 is a wire (piano wire), and 14 is a rod bar , 15 is a guide bracket, 16 is an L bracket, 17 is a screw shaft, 18 is a collar, 19 is a female screw nut, 20 is a base frame, 21 is a rubber plate 7 pressing amount adjusting handle of the brake cylinder 9, and 31 is a bullet-shaped train. It is a model.
かかる制動装置の制動筒９は、基礎部に固定される脚フレーム１、チャンネルビーム２，３、ベースフレーム２０を介してその上に配置される。その構造としては、図２に示すような、突入する列車模型３１の中心線に対応して、列車模型３１が擦れながら通過するようにくり抜かれた空間７Ａ及び垂直方向の空間７Ｂが形成される摩擦板としてのゴム板７と、図３に示すような列車模型３１の中心線に対応した空間７Ａ，７Ｂよりも大きめの空間８Ａ，８Ｂが形成され、摩擦板としてのゴム板７の間に配置される剛性の高いスペーサ８が交互に挟着されている。ただし、種々の変形が可能であり、ゴム板７とスペーサ８は必ずしも交互に挟着されなくともよい。 The braking cylinder 9 of the braking device is disposed on the leg frame 1, the channel beams 2 and 3, and the base frame 20 fixed to the base portion. As shown in FIG. 2, a space 7 </ b> A and a vertical space 7 </ b> B are formed so that the train model 31 passes through while rubbing, corresponding to the center line of the entering train model 31. Spaces 8A and 8B larger than the spaces 7A and 7B corresponding to the center line of the train model 31 as shown in FIG. 3 are formed between the rubber plate 7 as the friction plate and the rubber plate 7 as the friction plate. The highly rigid spacers 8 to be arranged are alternately sandwiched. However, various modifications are possible, and the rubber plates 7 and the spacers 8 do not necessarily have to be sandwiched alternately.
このように構成するので、可撓性部材としてのゴム板７の円周基部は、剛体としてのスペーサ８で挟着されるので、ゴム板７の円周基部は強固に固定されるとともに、空間７Ａの周辺のゴム板は円周基部からはフリーとなるために、突入する列車模型３１に十分に接触して擦られ制動作用を呈することができる。 Since it comprises in this way, since the circumference base part of the rubber plate 7 as a flexible member is clamped by the spacer 8 as a rigid body, while the circumference base part of the rubber plate 7 is firmly fixed, space Since the rubber plate around 7A is free from the circumferential base, it can be rubbed in contact with the entering train model 31 sufficiently to exhibit a braking action.
そして、本発明の制動装置はこのようにして作製された制動筒９を複数個直列（９−１，９−２，９−３，９−４）に配置するようにしている。 In the braking device of the present invention, a plurality of braking cylinders 9 thus produced are arranged in series (9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4).
このように、本発明の制動装置では、列車模型３１の径より小さい形状をくりぬいたゴム板７を複数並べた制動筒９の中を列車模型３１がゴム板７と擦れながら通り抜ける際、列車模型３１の表面とゴム板７との摩擦により列車模型３１を減速させ、停止させることができる。 As described above, in the braking device of the present invention, when the train model 31 passes through the brake cylinder 9 in which a plurality of rubber plates 7 each having a shape smaller than the diameter of the train model 31 are arranged while rubbing against the rubber plate 7, the train model The train model 31 can be decelerated and stopped by the friction between the surface of 31 and the rubber plate 7.
更に詳述すると、ゴム板７に形成される空間が列車模型が通過する空間７Ａとこの空間７Ａに連通する垂直方向の空間７Ｂからなる。つまり、ゴム板７及びスペーサ８は、半割りカセット６により左右に二分割され、それぞれ個別に支持されており、互いに離間されて対向配置される。 More specifically, the space formed in the rubber plate 7 is composed of a space 7A through which the train model passes and a vertical space 7B communicating with the space 7A. That is, the rubber plate 7 and the spacer 8 are divided into left and right parts by the half cassette 6, are individually supported, and are arranged to be opposed to each other.
そして、二分割されたゴム板７及びスペーサ８の、互いに離間された間隔をゴム板押し当て量調整ハンドル２１でネジ軸１７、カラー１８、メネジナット１９を介して調整できるように構成している。 The distance between the two divided rubber plates 7 and spacers 8 can be adjusted by the rubber plate pressing amount adjusting handle 21 via the screw shaft 17, the collar 18, and the female screw nut 19.
この制動筒９のゴム板７押し当て量は直列に配置された制動筒９毎に調整することができる。よって、列車模型３１の制動態様を変更させることができる。 The pressing amount of the rubber plate 7 of the brake cylinder 9 can be adjusted for each brake cylinder 9 arranged in series . Therefore, the braking mode of the train model 31 can be changed.
また、制動筒９のゴム板７の数を列車模型３１の走行速度に応じて調整することができる。よって、各制動筒９の制動特性を変更させることができる。 Further, the number of rubber plates 7 of the brake cylinder 9 can be adjusted according to the traveling speed of the train model 31. Therefore, the braking characteristic of each brake cylinder 9 can be changed.
更に、制動筒９の数を列車模型３１の走行速度に応じて調整することができる。よって、列車模型３１の突入速度に対応した制動装置を構成することができる。 Furthermore, the number of brake cylinders 9 can be adjusted according to the traveling speed of the train model 31. Therefore, the braking device corresponding to the entry speed of the train model 31 can be configured.
要するに、本発明の制動装置では、摩擦板としてのゴム板７の枚数を調整することができる。また、列車模型３１が通り抜ける部分の面積を狭めることにより制動性能を上げることができる。 In short, in the braking device of the present invention, the number of rubber plates 7 as friction plates can be adjusted. Further, the braking performance can be improved by narrowing the area of the portion through which the train model 31 passes.
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づき種々の変形が可能であり、これらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, Based on the meaning of this invention, a various deformation | transformation is possible and these are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
本発明の列車模型による実験装置における制動装置は、高速化した鉄道車両の走行が環境に及ぼす影響をテストするための試験装置に好適である。 The braking device in the experimental apparatus using the train model of the present invention is suitable for a test apparatus for testing the influence of traveling of a railway vehicle at high speed on the environment.
１ 脚フレーム
２，３ チャンネルビーム
６ 半割カセット
７ 摩擦板〔ゴム板（天然ゴム）〕
７Ａ 列車模型が通過する空間
７Ｂ 垂直方向の空間
８ スペーサ（鋼材）
８Ａ，８Ｂ 空間
９ 制動筒
１０Ａ，１０Ｂ 把手
１１ クランクレバー
１２ 位置決めピン
１３ ワイヤー（ピアノ線）
１４ ロッド棒
１５ ガイドブラケット
１６ Ｌ金具
１７ ネジ軸
１８ カラー
１９ メネジナット
２０ ベースフレーム
２１ 制動筒のゴム板押し当て量調整ハンドル
３１ 列車模型
1 Leg frame 2, 3 Channel beam 6 Half cassette 7 Friction plate [ Rubber plate (natural rubber) ]
7A Space through which the train model passes 7B Vertical space 8 Spacer (steel)
8A, 8B space 9 Brake cylinder 10A, 10B Handle 11 Crank lever 12 Positioning pin 13 Wire (piano wire)
14 Rod Bar 15 Guide Bracket 16 L Bracket 17 Screw Shaft 18 Collar 19 Female Thread Nut 20 Base Frame 21 Brake Bar Rubber Plate Pressing Amount Adjusting Handle 31 Train Model
Claims (8)
（ａ）突入する弾丸形状の列車模型の中心線に対応した円形状の空間が形成される複数枚の摩擦板と、
（ｂ）前記列車模型の中心線に対応した前記摩擦板の円形状の空間よりも大きめの円形状の空間を有し、前記複数枚の摩擦板それぞれの間に配置される剛性の高いスペーサと、
（ｃ）前記摩擦板と前記スペーサが挟着される制動筒とを備え、
（ｄ）該制動筒を複数個直列に配置してなることを特徴とする列車模型による実験装置における制動装置。 In the experimental device that fires the train model at high speed and stops after passing the test section,
(A) a plurality of friction plates in which a circular space corresponding to the center line of the bullet-shaped train model to enter is formed;
(B) a highly rigid spacer having a circular space larger than the circular space of the friction plate corresponding to the center line of the train model, and disposed between each of the plurality of friction plates; ,
(C) comprising a friction cylinder and a brake cylinder to which the spacer is sandwiched;
(D) A braking device in an experimental apparatus using a train model, wherein a plurality of the braking cylinders are arranged in series .
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103507828A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-15 | 哈尔滨市特多佳调速技术开发中心 | Electric unilateral gravity type parking anti-running device |
| CN104142251A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-12 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Comprehensive test bed and test method for braking system |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5356119B2 (en) * | 2009-06-04 | 2013-12-04 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Model test method and apparatus for tunnel pressure wave in high-speed railway |
| CN113110104B (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-06-07 | 同济大学 | Intelligent cascade test system for braking of single marshalling train |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104142251A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2014-11-12 | 齐齐哈尔轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Comprehensive test bed and test method for braking system |
| CN104142251B (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2017-01-18 | 中车齐齐哈尔车辆有限公司 | Comprehensive test bed and test method for braking system |
| CN103507828A (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2014-01-15 | 哈尔滨市特多佳调速技术开发中心 | Electric unilateral gravity type parking anti-running device |
| CN103507828B (en) * | 2013-10-10 | 2015-12-30 | 哈尔滨市特多佳调速技术开发中心 | A kind of Electric unilateral gravity type parking anti-running device |
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