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JP4361740B2 - Method for designing polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT and display device having TFT fabricated using the same - Google Patents
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JP4361740B2 - Method for designing polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT and display device having TFT fabricated using the same - Google Patents

Method for designing polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT and display device having TFT fabricated using the same Download PDF

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JP4361740B2
JP4361740B2 JP2003006353A JP2003006353A JP4361740B2 JP 4361740 B2 JP4361740 B2 JP 4361740B2 JP 2003006353 A JP2003006353 A JP 2003006353A JP 2003006353 A JP2003006353 A JP 2003006353A JP 4361740 B2 JP4361740 B2 JP 4361740B2
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tft
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JP2003264197A (en
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基龍 李
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Samsung Display Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/60Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
    • H10D30/67Thin-film transistors [TFT]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/01Manufacture or treatment
    • H10D86/021Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/0221Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs comprising manufacture, treatment or patterning of TFT semiconductor bodies
    • H10D86/0223Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs comprising manufacture, treatment or patterning of TFT semiconductor bodies comprising crystallisation of amorphous, microcrystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials
    • H10D86/0229Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs comprising manufacture, treatment or patterning of TFT semiconductor bodies comprising crystallisation of amorphous, microcrystalline or polycrystalline semiconductor materials characterised by control of the annealing or irradiation parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/01Manufacture or treatment
    • H10D30/021Manufacture or treatment of FETs having insulated gates [IGFET]
    • H10D30/031Manufacture or treatment of FETs having insulated gates [IGFET] of thin-film transistors [TFT]
    • H10D30/0321Manufacture or treatment of FETs having insulated gates [IGFET] of thin-film transistors [TFT] comprising silicon, e.g. amorphous silicon or polysilicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/60Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
    • H10D30/67Thin-film transistors [TFT]
    • H10D30/6729Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the electrodes
    • H10D30/673Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the electrodes characterised by the shapes, relative sizes or dispositions of the gate electrodes
    • H10D30/6733Multi-gate TFTs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/60Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
    • H10D30/67Thin-film transistors [TFT]
    • H10D30/674Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the active materials
    • H10D30/6741Group IV materials, e.g. germanium or silicon carbide
    • H10D30/6743Silicon
    • H10D30/6745Polycrystalline or microcrystalline silicon
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D30/00Field-effect transistors [FET]
    • H10D30/60Insulated-gate field-effect transistors [IGFET]
    • H10D30/67Thin-film transistors [TFT]
    • H10D30/6757Thin-film transistors [TFT] characterised by the structure of the channel, e.g. transverse or longitudinal shape or doping profile
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D62/00Semiconductor bodies, or regions thereof, of devices having potential barriers
    • H10D62/40Crystalline structures
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    • H10DINORGANIC ELECTRIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES
    • H10D86/00Integrated devices formed in or on insulating or conducting substrates, e.g. formed in silicon-on-insulator [SOI] substrates or on stainless steel or glass substrates
    • H10D86/01Manufacture or treatment
    • H10D86/021Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs
    • H10D86/0251Manufacture or treatment of multiple TFTs characterised by increasing the uniformity of device parameters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10PGENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10P14/00Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
    • H10P14/20Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
    • H10P14/34Deposited materials, e.g. layers
    • H10P14/3402Deposited materials, e.g. layers characterised by the chemical composition
    • H10P14/3404Deposited materials, e.g. layers characterised by the chemical composition being Group IVA materials
    • H10P14/3411Silicon, silicon germanium or germanium
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    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10PGENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10P14/00Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
    • H10P14/20Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
    • H10P14/34Deposited materials, e.g. layers
    • H10P14/3451Structure
    • H10P14/3452Microstructure
    • H10P14/3456Polycrystalline
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10PGENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10P14/00Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars
    • H10P14/20Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials
    • H10P14/38Formation of materials, e.g. in the shape of layers or pillars of semiconductor materials characterised by treatments done after the formation of the materials
    • H10P14/3802Crystallisation or recrystallisation of non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. regrowth
    • H10P14/3808Crystallisation or recrystallisation of non-monocrystalline semiconductor materials, e.g. regrowth using laser beams
    • H10P14/3816Pulsed laser beam

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  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)
  • Recrystallisation Techniques (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜及びこれを利用したディスプレーデバイスに係り、さらに詳細には結晶成長方向が一定でかつ規則化されたシリコン粒を有するTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜及び前記多結晶シリコン薄膜を用いて製造されたTFTを用いるデバイスに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
多結晶シリコンを利用したTFT(Thin Film Transistor)基板製作時、アクティブチャネル(active channel)領域内に含まれる多結晶シリコンの結晶粒界に存在するダングリングボンド(dangling bonds)などの結合欠陥は電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)に対するトラップ(trap)が提供することと知られている。
【0003】
したがって、結晶粒の大きさ、大きさ均一性、数と位置、方向等はスレショルド電圧(Vth)、しきい値傾斜(sub threshold slope)、電荷キャリア移動度(charge carrier mobility)、漏れ電流(leakage current)、及びデバイス安全性(device stability)等のようなTFT特性に直接または間接的に致命的な影響を与え得ることはもちろん、TFTを利用したアクティブマトリックスディスプレー基板製作時位置による均一性にも致命的な影響を与えることができる。
【0004】
特に、TFT特性を向上させるために、結晶粒の大きさが大きくなって規則化されるほど各TFT間の特性中均一性は結晶粒界によって致命的な影響を受ける。
【0005】
TFT基板またはアクティブマトリックスディスプレー上の全領域または選択的領域内に結晶粒の大きさが一定で、その成長方向がアクティブチャネル方向に対して一定でかつ規則化された多結晶シリコン結晶粒を利用してTFTを製作する場合、単一アクティブチャネル(single active channel)で構成されたTFTに比べて、同一なアクティブチャネル長さを有する二重(dual)または多重(multiple)アクティブチャネルを利用したTFTで製作する時、電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)の移動に致命的な影響をあたえる結晶粒界の数が減るためにTFT特性が向上することになる。
【0006】
例えば、図1Aで結晶粒の大きさがGsであって、致命的な結晶粒界の傾斜角度がθである多結晶シリコンを利用して、長さが2Lであって幅がWである単一アクティブチャネルのTFTを製作する場合、そのアクティブチャネル領域内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数は3であり、全体チャネル長さを2Lと同一にするが、二重チャネルとしたTFTに対しては各チャネル領域内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数は2または1になることができる(図1B)。したがって、電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)の移動に対する障壁(barrier)で働く致命的な結晶粒界が減るために全体的なTFT特性は向上することである。
【0007】
しかし、二重または多重チャネルTFTにおいて、各アクティブチャネル内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数がチャネル位置によって変わり得るので、それによってTFTの均一性が悪くなり得る。
【0008】
例えば、図1Bのように、最初アクティブチャネル内には1個の致命的な結晶粒界が含まれており、一方、二番目アクティブチャネル内には2個の致命的な結晶粒界が含まれている場合が発生しうる。
【0009】
このような問題点を補完するために、国際特許WO 97/45827号ではSLS(Sequential Lateral Solidification)結晶化技術を利用して基板上に多結晶または単結晶の巨大シリコン粒(large silicon grain)を形成することができて(図3)、これを利用してTFTを製作したとき単結晶シリコンで製作されたTFTの特性に次ぐ特性を得ることができることと報告されている。
【0010】
しかし、単結晶シリコンを形成してTFTを製作するSLS方法は、基板上の数多くのTFTが製作されなければならない位置のアクティブチャネル領域に精密にアライン(align)されなければならない技術的な難しさがあるのみならず、少なくともアクティブチャネル領域に該当する寸法(dimension)ほど単結晶シリコンを形成するためには多結晶シリコンを利用したTFT基板の製作時より長時間が要求される問題点がある。
【0011】
したがって、生産効率(throughput)が低くなり量産性の面で、多結晶シリコンを利用したTFT基板製作がさらに優秀な方法であることに知られている。
【0012】
しかし、駆動回路はもちろん、デジタル−アナログ変換器(Digital to Analog Converter;DAC)回路などの高特性のTFTが要求される回路の完全な内蔵が要求されるアクティブマトリックスディスプレー製作においては単結晶シリコンを利用したTFTの特性が要求されうる。このとき、多結晶シリコンを利用してTFTを製作する場合、相変わらず結晶粒の大きさとアクティブチャネルの寸法によって数個から数十個の致命的な結晶粒界がアクティブチャネル領域内に含まれることができて、それによって、TFTの特性低下が予想され、完全な回路内蔵には充分とは言えない。
【0013】
一方、米国特許第6,177,301号明細書ではSLS結晶化技術を利用して巨大粒子シリコン粒(large silicon grain)を形成してドライバ(driver)と画素配置(pixel array)を含んだLCDデバイス用TFT製作時アクティブチャネル方向がSLS結晶化方法によって成長した結晶粒方向に対して平行した場合電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)に対する結晶粒界の障壁(barrier)効果が最小になり(図4A)、したがって、単結晶シリコンに次ぐTFT特性を得ることができる反面、アクティブチャネル方向と結晶粒成長方向が90゜の場合TFT特性が電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)のトラップ(trap)で働く多くの結晶粒界が存在するようになってTFT特性が大幅に低下する(図4B)。
【0014】
実際にアクティブマトリックスディスプレー製作時駆動回路(driver circuit)内のTFTは一般的に90゜の角度を有する場合があり、このとき、各TFTの特性を大幅に低下させないで、かつ、TFT間の均一性を向上させるためには結晶成長方向に対するアクティブチャネル領域の方向を30゜ないし60゜の角度に傾くように製作することによってデバイスの均一性を向上させることができる(図4C)。
【0015】
しかし、この方法もSLS結晶化技術により形成される有限大きさの結晶粒を利用することによって、数個または数十個の致命的な結晶粒界がアクティブチャネル領域内に含まれるようになり、それによって、単結晶シリコン程度のTFT特性を要求する回路内蔵には充分とは言えず、アクティブチャネル領域内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数を制御できる程度の精密性はなくて、それによるTFTの不均一性は相変わらず存在することが予想される。
【0016】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上述したような問題点を解決するために案出されたものであり、本発明ではTFT基板またはアクティブマトリックスディスプレー上の全領域または選択的領域内に結晶粒の大きさが一定で、その成長方向がアクティブチャネル方向に対して一定でかつ規則化された多結晶シリコン結晶粒を利用してTFTを製作する場合、同一なアクティブチャネル長さを有する二重または多重アクティブチャネルを利用したTFTに製作する時、電荷キャリアの移動に致命的な影響をあたえる結晶粒界の数が減ることによってTFT特性の向上はもちろん、二重または多重チャネルの各チャネル内に含まれる結晶粒界の数を同一にすることによってTFT特性の均一性を確保することができるTFT用多結晶シリコン及びこれを利用したディスプレーデバイスを提供することにある。
【0017】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は前記した目的を達成するために、本発明は、
二重または多重チャネルでなされたTFTのアクティブチャネル間距離‘S’が下記式(1)と同一関係を有することを特徴とするTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜を提供する。
S=mGs・secθ−L…(1)
ここで、
Gsは多結晶シリコン薄膜の結晶粒の大きさ、
mは1、2、3、...整数>0、
θはアクティブチャネル方向の垂直方向に対して致命的な結晶粒界(すなわち、“プライマリ”結晶粒界)が傾いてある角度、
Lは二重または多重チャネルTFT各々のアクティブチャネルの長さを示す。
【0018】
また、本発明は、前記多結晶シリコン薄膜を利用したTFTを用いて製造されることを特徴とするディスプレーデバイスを提供する。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を添付した図面を参照して詳細に説明する。
【0020】
アクティブマトリックスディスプレー用TFT製作時TFT特性に直、間接的に重大な影響を及ぼす多結晶シリコンの結晶粒がTFT特性向上のために、大きくて規則化される場合、結晶粒の有限な大きさによって隣接した結晶粒間には結晶粒界が発生する。
【0021】
特に、アクティブチャネル領域内に結晶粒界が存在する時TFT特性に致命的な影響をあたえる結晶粒界、特に、アクティブチャネル方向の垂直方向に対する結晶粒界の傾斜角度θが−45゜≦θ≦45゜である“プライマリ(Primary)”結晶粒界は(図1A及び図1B)、多結晶シリコン薄膜の形成時工程精密性の限界によって避けれない欠陥になり、基板またはディスプレー上に製作されるTFTアクティブチャネル領域内に含まれる“プライマリ”結晶粒界の数は結晶粒の大きさ、方向、アクティブチャネルの寸法等によって変わることができる(図4Aないし図4C)。
【0022】
結晶粒の大きさは、PECVD、LPCVD、スパッタリング等のような非晶質の形成方法による薄膜特性または薄膜厚さ等によって多結晶シリコン形成時成長できる結晶粒の大きさに限界が発生することはもちろん、非晶質シリコンを結晶質シリコンに相変化する結晶化技術に直接影響を受ける。
【0023】
例えば、レーザーエネルギーを利用したシリコン結晶化の場合(例えば、Eximer Laser Annealing法)、エネルギー密度、パルス持続性(duration)、基板伝導性、基板温度等によって成長できる最大結晶粒の大きさが定められる。
【0024】
また、たびたびアクティブマトリックスディスプレーで用いられるTFTのアクティブチャネル次元が結晶粒の大きさに比べて相対的に大きく、したがって、TFT特性に影響をあたえる致命的な結晶粒界がアクティブ領域内に含めることができ、単結晶シリコンを利用したTFT特性に比べて大幅に低下させることができる(図5A)。
【0025】
このような場合、長さ2Lである二重または多重チャネル形成のための二重ゲートまたは多重ゲートを利用してTFTを製作した場合、各チャネル領域内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数が減るためにTFT特性を向上させることができる(図5B)。
【0026】
しかし、二重ゲートまたは多重ゲートを利用してTFTを製作する場合、各々のアクティブチャネルに含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数が結晶粒の大きさとアクティブチャネルの寸法によって異なるようになり(図5B)、これは不均一なTFT特性を引き起こすことができる。
【0027】
本発明ではこのような問題点を解決することができる方法で、二重ゲートまたは多重ゲート間距離が特定の間隔“S”の定数倍になる場合、さらに望ましくは同じくなる時隣接したアクティブチャネル内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数が同一になることができて、したがって、同一な特性を得ることができることを示す(図5C)。
【0028】
本発明で“結晶粒の大きさ”というのは確認することができる結晶粒界間の距離で、通常誤差範囲に属する結晶粒界の距離と定義する。
【0029】
本発明ではソース/ドレイン方向に対する法線をNN′といえばNN′と−45゜≦θ≦45゜の角度θをなす結晶粒界は電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)の移動に致命的な影響を及ぼすことができ、このような結晶粒界を“プライマリ”結晶粒界と定義する(図6A及び図6B)。
【0030】
このとき、長さがLであって幅がWであるアクティブチャネル領域に対して“プライマリ”結晶粒界に垂直な距離、すなわちアクティブチャネル領域内の最大距離Dは単純な三角関数関係によって次のように示すことができる(図7)。
D=(L+x)×cosθ、ここでx=Wtanθであって、
したがって、D=(L+Wtanθ)×cosθ=Lcosθ+Wtanθcosθ
ここで、tanθcosθ=sinθであるので、Dを再び書けば、
D=Lcosθ+Wsinθに、アクティブチャネル領域の長さLと幅W、そして法線NN′に対する“プライマリ”結晶粒界の傾斜角度θだけの関数で示すことができる。
【0031】
θ=0゜の場合、D=LであってDはこれ以上チャネル幅Wと角度θの関数ではない。
【0032】
このとき、二アクティブチャネル領域内の“プライマリ”結晶粒界の数を同一にするようにTFTを製作するための“同期化(synchronization)”条件は図8から
D=a+bであることが容易に分かる。
【0033】
図8の最初アクティブチャネル領域内上部の最初“プライマリ”結晶粒界から二番目アクティブチャネル領域内上部の最初“プライマリ”結晶粒界までの距離をTとすると、
T=a+y+b=D+yで示すことができて、
結晶粒の大きさをGsとすると、長さTを
T=mGs、ここでm=1、2、3、...、整数>0で示すことができる。
【0034】
それゆえ、Tに対して同一に置いてyに対して解けば、
y=mGs−Dで示すことができる。
【0035】
このとき、同期化に対する二重チャネル間間隔“S”を
S=s1+s2で示せば(図8)、単純な三角関数関係によって、
s1=ysecθ、s2=Wtanθの関係にあることが分かる。
【0036】
それゆえ、S=s1+s2=xsecθ+Wtanθ=(mGs−D)secθ+Wtanθ
=mGs・secθ−Dsecθ+Wtanθ
D=Lcosθ+Wsinθであるので、
S=mGs・secθ−L−Wtanθ+Wtanθになる。
【0037】
それゆえ、二重ゲートまたは多重ゲートを利用したTFTで各アクティブチャネル内に含まれる“プライマリ”結晶粒界の数を同期化(synchronization)するためのチャネル間間隔Sは下記式1により示すことができる。
S=mGs・secθ−L…(1)
前記式1で、Gsは結晶粒の大きさ、m=1、2、3、...、整数>0、θはアクティブチャネル方向の垂直方向に対して致命的な結晶粒界(“プライマリ”結晶粒界)が傾いてある角度、Lは二重または多重チャネルTFT各々のアクティブチャネル長さである。
【0038】
また、間隔Sは物理的な距離を有する二重ゲートまたは多重ゲートとして定義されるためにはいつもS>0であるべきで、それによって同期化に対するmの値が定まることができる。
【0039】
θ=0゜の場合
TFT特性に致命的な影響を及ぼす“プライマリ”結晶粒界が電荷キャリア(electric charge carrier)の方向に対して垂直な(θ=0゜)特殊な場合(図9A及び図9B)にはθ≠0゜の場合に比べて、“プライマリ”結晶粒界に対して垂直な“セカンダリ(secondary)”結晶粒界がTFT特性におよぼす影響が減るためにTFT特性がより優秀だろうと容易に判断でき、また、同一なチャネル長さの二重ゲートまたは多重ゲートでなされてあるTFTの場合、各チャネル領域内に含まれる“プライマリ”結晶粒界の数を同期化することにより均一性を確保することができる。
【0040】
したがって、θ=0゜の場合、
S=mGs−Lになることが分かる。
【0041】
一方、傾斜角度θと結晶粒の大きさGsが与えられた場合、全体チャネル長さが2Lである単一ゲートTFTを二重ゲートTFTとしたとき、各々のチャネル長さLである二個のアクティブチャネル領域内に含まれる“プライマリ”結晶粒界の数を同期化するためのチャネル間の間隔Sの値を求めた。これを表1に示した。
【0042】
このとき、同期化が可能なm値とそれによるS値を小さい値から2個ずつ提示した。さらに大きいS値は結晶粒の大きさであるGsほどずつ加わることによって求められることができることを式(1)及び表(1)から分かる。
【表1】

Figure 0004361740
結晶粒の大きさGs、角度θが与えられて、W=10μmである場合、チャネル長さLによるアクティブチャネル領域内結晶粒界の最大数Nmaxが含まれる確率P値
【0043】
本発明では前記結晶粒界の傾斜角度が−5゜≦θ≦5゜の場合TFT特性がさらに望ましい。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
TFT基板またはアクティブマトリックスディスプレー上の全領域または選択的領域内に結晶粒の大きさが一定で、その成長方向がアクティブチャネル方向に対して一定でかつ規則化された多結晶シリコン結晶粒を利用してTFTを製作する場合、単一アクティブチャネルで構成されたTFTに比べて、同一なアクティブチャネル長さを有する二重または多重アクティブチャネルを利用したTFTに製作する時、電荷キャリアの移動に致命的な影響をあたえる結晶粒界の数が減るためにTFT特性が優秀になりえる。また、本発明で定義された数式を利用してTFT設計をする時、二重または多重アクティブチャネル各々のチャネル領域内に含まれる致命的な結晶粒界の数を同一にすることによってTFTの均一性を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1A】 2Lの同一なチャネル長さを有する結晶粒の大きさGsである単一アクティブチャネルTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図1B】 二重アクティブチャネルTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図2A】 従来技術による単一TFTを示した回路構成図である。
【図2B】 従来技術による共通電極に連結されている二重TFTでなされたTFTを示した回路構成図である。
【図3A】 従来技術のSLS結晶化法によって形成された巨大シリコン粒を含んだアクティブチャネルを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図3B】 従来技術のSLS結晶化法によって形成された巨大シリコン粒を含んだアクティブチャネルを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図4A】 他の従来技術のSLS結晶化法によって形成された巨大粒子シリコン粒を含んだアクティブチャネルを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図4B】 他の従来技術のSLS結晶化法によって形成された巨大粒子シリコン粒を含んだアクティブチャネルを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図4C】 他の従来技術のSLS結晶化法によって形成された巨大粒子シリコン粒を含んだアクティブチャネルを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図5A】
本発明によるθ=0゜である時、与えられた結晶粒の大きさとアクティブチャネルの次元を利用した単一チャネルTFTと二重チャネルTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図5B】
本発明によるθ=0゜である時、与えられた結晶粒の大きさとアクティブチャネルの次元を利用した単一チャネルTFTと二重チャネルTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図5C】
本発明によるθ=0゜である時、与えられた結晶粒の大きさとアクティブチャネルの次元を利用した単一チャネルTFTと二重チャネルTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図6A】 アクティブチャネルの長さが2Lである単一ゲートを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図6B】 二重ゲートを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図7】 本発明で定義した式1を計算するための二重ゲートTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図8】 本発明による二重ゲートTFTの同期化に対する条件を得るために示した概略的な断面図である。
【図9A】 θ=0゜の場合単一ゲートTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。
【図9B】 二重ゲートTFTを概略的に示した断面図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT and a display device using the same, and more specifically, a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT having silicon grains in which the crystal growth direction is constant and regular, and the polycrystalline silicon thin film The present invention relates to a device using a TFT manufactured by using a TFT.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) substrate using polycrystalline silicon is manufactured, bonding defects such as dangling bonds existing in the crystal grain boundaries of polycrystalline silicon included in the active channel region are charged. It is known to provide a trap for an electric charge carrier.
[0003]
Therefore, the crystal grain size, size uniformity, number and position, direction, and the like are the threshold voltage (Vth), threshold slope (charge threshold slope), charge carrier mobility, leakage current (leakage). Current and TFT characteristics such as device stability can be directly or indirectly fatally affected, as well as uniformity due to the position of the active matrix display substrate using TFT. Can have a deadly impact.
[0004]
In particular, in order to improve TFT characteristics, the uniformity in characteristics among TFTs is more critically affected by crystal grain boundaries as the size of crystal grains becomes larger and ordered.
[0005]
Utilizing polycrystalline silicon grains whose crystal size is constant in the entire area or selective area on the TFT substrate or active matrix display and whose growth direction is constant and regular with respect to the active channel direction. When fabricating TFTs, TFTs using dual or multiple active channels having the same active channel length as compared to TFTs configured with a single active channel are used. At the time of fabrication, TFT characteristics are improved because the number of grain boundaries that have a fatal effect on the movement of electric charge carriers is reduced.
[0006]
For example, in FIG. 1A, a single crystal having a length of 2L and a width of W is obtained using polycrystalline silicon having a crystal grain size of Gs and a fatal crystal grain boundary tilt angle of θ. When manufacturing a single active channel TFT, the number of critical crystal grain boundaries contained in the active channel region is 3, and the total channel length is the same as 2L. In contrast, the number of critical grain boundaries contained in each channel region can be 2 or 1 (FIG. 1B). Therefore, the overall TFT characteristics are improved because the critical grain boundaries acting as barriers to the movement of charge carriers are reduced.
[0007]
However, in dual or multi-channel TFTs, the number of critical grain boundaries contained within each active channel can vary depending on the channel position, which can degrade TFT uniformity.
[0008]
For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, the first active channel includes one critical grain boundary, while the second active channel includes two critical grain boundaries. The case may occur.
[0009]
In order to compensate for such problems, International Patent Publication No. WO 97/45827 applies polycrystalline silicon or single crystal large silicon grains on a substrate using SLS (Sequential Lateral Solidification) crystallization technology. It can be formed (FIG. 3), and it has been reported that, when a TFT is manufactured using this, it is possible to obtain characteristics next to those of a TFT manufactured using single crystal silicon.
[0010]
However, the SLS method for fabricating TFTs by forming single crystal silicon is a technical difficulty that must be precisely aligned to the active channel region where many TFTs on the substrate must be fabricated. In addition, there is a problem that a longer time is required than the time of manufacturing a TFT substrate using polycrystalline silicon in order to form single crystal silicon at least as long as the dimension corresponding to the active channel region.
[0011]
Accordingly, it is known that production of a TFT substrate using polycrystalline silicon is a more excellent method in terms of low production efficiency and mass productivity.
[0012]
However, in addition to drive circuits, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuits and other circuits that require high-performance TFTs such as digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuits require single-crystal silicon in the production of active matrix displays. The characteristics of the used TFT may be required. At this time, when fabricating a TFT using polycrystalline silicon, several to several tens of critical grain boundaries may be included in the active channel region depending on the size of the crystal grains and the dimensions of the active channel. As a result, degradation of TFT characteristics is expected, and it cannot be said that it is sufficient for complete circuit incorporation.
[0013]
Meanwhile, in US Pat. No. 6,177,301, an LCD including a driver and a pixel array is formed by forming a large silicon grain using SLS crystallization technology. When the active channel direction is parallel to the crystal grain direction grown by the SLS crystallization method at the time of fabricating the TFT for the device, the barrier effect of the grain boundary against the electric charge carrier is minimized (FIG. 4A). Therefore, TFT characteristics after single crystal silicon can be obtained. On the other hand, when the active channel direction and the crystal grain growth direction are 90 °, the TFT characteristics work by traps of electric charge carriers. TFT characteristics so crystal grain boundary is present is significantly reduced (Fig. 4B).
[0014]
In actuality, TFTs in a driver circuit at the time of manufacturing an active matrix display generally have an angle of 90 °, and at this time, the characteristics of each TFT are not greatly deteriorated and the TFTs are uniform. In order to improve the performance, the uniformity of the device can be improved by fabricating the active channel region so as to be inclined at an angle of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the crystal growth direction (FIG. 4C).
[0015]
However, this method also uses a finite size crystal grain formed by the SLS crystallization technique, so that several or tens of critical grain boundaries are included in the active channel region, As a result, it cannot be said that it is sufficient to incorporate a circuit that requires TFT characteristics comparable to that of single crystal silicon, and there is no precision enough to control the number of critical grain boundaries contained in the active channel region. It is expected that TFT non-uniformity will still exist.
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been devised to solve the above-described problems. In the present invention, the size of crystal grains is constant in the entire region or selective region on the TFT substrate or active matrix display. When manufacturing TFTs using polycrystalline silicon grains whose growth direction is constant and regular with respect to the active channel direction, TFTs using double or multiple active channels having the same active channel length The TFT characteristics are improved by reducing the number of crystal grain boundaries that have a fatal effect on the movement of charge carriers, and the number of crystal grain boundaries contained in each channel of double or multiple channels is reduced. Polycrystalline silicon for TFT, which can ensure uniformity of TFT characteristics by making the same, and a display using the same And to provide a chromatography device.
[0017]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following:
Provided is a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT, characterized in that the distance between active channels 'S' of TFTs made of double or multiple channels has the same relationship as the following formula (1).
S = mGs · secθ−L (1)
here,
Gs is the grain size of the polycrystalline silicon thin film,
m is 1, 2, 3,. . . Integer> 0,
θ is the angle at which the critical grain boundary (ie, the “primary” grain boundary) is tilted with respect to the direction perpendicular to the active channel direction,
L indicates the length of the active channel of each double or multi-channel TFT.
[0018]
The present invention also provides a display device manufactured using a TFT using the polycrystalline silicon thin film.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0020]
When manufacturing TFTs for active matrix displays, if the polycrystalline silicon crystal grains that have a significant direct or indirect effect on TFT characteristics are large and ordered to improve TFT characteristics, the size of the crystal grains may be limited. A grain boundary is generated between adjacent crystal grains.
[0021]
In particular, when a grain boundary exists in the active channel region, the grain boundary that has a fatal effect on the TFT characteristics, in particular, the inclination angle θ of the grain boundary with respect to the direction perpendicular to the active channel direction is −45 ° ≦ θ ≦. The “primary” grain boundary of 45 ° (FIGS. 1A and 1B) is a defect that cannot be avoided due to the limit of process precision when forming a polycrystalline silicon thin film, and is produced on a substrate or a display. The number of “primary” grain boundaries contained in the active channel region can vary depending on the size, direction, active channel dimensions, etc. of the crystal grains (FIGS. 4A to 4C).
[0022]
There is a limit to the size of crystal grains that can be grown during the formation of polycrystalline silicon due to thin film characteristics or thin film thickness by amorphous formation methods such as PECVD, LPCVD, sputtering, etc. Of course, it is directly influenced by the crystallization technique that changes the phase of amorphous silicon to crystalline silicon.
[0023]
For example, in the case of silicon crystallization using laser energy (for example, the Eximer Laser Annealing method), the maximum crystal grain size that can be grown is determined by the energy density, pulse duration, substrate conductivity, substrate temperature, and the like. .
[0024]
In addition, the active channel dimensions of TFTs often used in active matrix displays are relatively large compared to the size of the crystal grains, and therefore, fatal crystal grain boundaries that affect the TFT characteristics can be included in the active region. It can be greatly reduced compared to TFT characteristics using single crystal silicon (FIG. 5A).
[0025]
In such a case, when a TFT is manufactured using a double gate or multiple gate for forming a double or multiple channel having a length of 2 L, the number of critical grain boundaries included in each channel region Therefore, TFT characteristics can be improved (FIG. 5B).
[0026]
However, when fabricating TFTs using double gates or multiple gates, the number of critical grain boundaries contained in each active channel differs depending on the size of the crystal grains and the dimensions of the active channel (see FIG. 5B) This can cause non-uniform TFT characteristics.
[0027]
In the present invention, when the distance between double gates or multiple gates is a constant multiple of a specific interval “S”, it is more preferable that the same in the adjacent active channel. It can be shown that the number of critical grain boundaries contained in can be the same, and therefore the same properties can be obtained (FIG. 5C).
[0028]
In the present invention, the “crystal grain size” is a distance between crystal grain boundaries that can be confirmed, and is defined as a distance between crystal grain boundaries that normally belongs to an error range.
[0029]
In the present invention, when the normal line to the source / drain direction is NN ′, the grain boundary that forms an angle θ of −45 ° ≦ θ ≦ 45 ° with NN ′ has a fatal influence on the movement of electric charge carriers. Such a grain boundary is defined as the “primary” grain boundary (FIGS. 6A and 6B).
[0030]
At this time, the distance perpendicular to the “primary” grain boundary with respect to the active channel region having the length L and the width W, that is, the maximum distance D in the active channel region is expressed by the following trigonometric function relationship. (FIG. 7).
D = (L + x) × cos θ, where x = W tan θ,
Therefore, D = (L + Wtanθ) × cosθ = Lcosθ + Wtanθcosθ
Here, since tan θ cos θ = sin θ, if D is written again,
D = L cos θ + W sin θ can be expressed as a function of only the length L and width W of the active channel region and the inclination angle θ of the “primary” grain boundary with respect to the normal NN ′.
[0031]
If θ = 0 °, D = L and D is no longer a function of channel width W and angle θ.
[0032]
At this time, the “synchronization” condition for fabricating TFTs so that the number of “primary” grain boundaries in the two active channel regions is the same is easily D = a + b from FIG. I understand.
[0033]
The distance from the first “primary” grain boundary in the upper part of the first active channel region to the first “primary” grain boundary in the upper part of the second active channel region in FIG.
T = a + y + b = D + y
If the size of the crystal grain is Gs, the length T is T = mGs, where m = 1, 2, 3,. . . , Integer> 0.
[0034]
So if you put it the same for T and solve for y,
y = mGs-D.
[0035]
At this time, if the inter-channel interval “S” for synchronization is expressed as S = s1 + s2 (FIG. 8), according to a simple trigonometric function relationship,
It can be seen that s1 = ysecθ and s2 = Wtanθ.
[0036]
Therefore, S = s1 + s2 = xsecθ + Wtanθ = (mGs−D) secθ + Wtanθ
= MGs · secθ−Dsecθ + Wtanθ
Since D = L cos θ + W sin θ,
S = mGs · secθ−L−Wtanθ + Wtanθ.
[0037]
Therefore, the interchannel spacing S for synchronizing the number of “primary” grain boundaries contained in each active channel in a TFT using a double gate or multiple gates can be expressed by the following Equation 1. it can.
S = mGs · secθ−L (1)
In Equation 1, Gs is the size of the crystal grain, m = 1, 2, 3,. . . , Integer> 0, θ is an angle at which a critical grain boundary (“primary” grain boundary) is tilted with respect to a direction perpendicular to the active channel direction, and L is an active channel length of each double or multi-channel TFT. It is.
[0038]
Also, the interval S should always be S> 0 to be defined as a double gate or multiple gate with physical distance, so that the value of m for synchronization can be determined.
[0039]
In the case of θ = 0 °, a special case where the “primary” grain boundary that has a fatal effect on the TFT characteristics is perpendicular to the direction of the electric charge carrier (θ = 0 °) (FIG. 9A and FIG. 9) 9B) has better TFT characteristics because the influence of the “secondary” grain boundaries perpendicular to the “primary” grain boundaries on the TFT characteristics is reduced compared to the case of θ ≠ 0 °. In the case of TFTs that are made of double gates or multiple gates of the same channel length, it is possible to make a uniform determination by synchronizing the number of “primary” grain boundaries contained in each channel region. Sex can be secured.
[0040]
Therefore, when θ = 0 °,
It can be seen that S = mGs−L.
[0041]
On the other hand, when the tilt angle θ and the grain size Gs are given, when a single gate TFT having an overall channel length of 2L is a double gate TFT, The value of the spacing S between channels for synchronizing the number of “primary” grain boundaries contained in the active channel region was determined. This is shown in Table 1.
[0042]
At this time, the m value that can be synchronized and the S value based on the m value were presented from a small value. It can be seen from Equation (1) and Table (1) that a larger S value can be obtained by adding Gs as the size of the crystal grains.
[Table 1]
Figure 0004361740
When the grain size Gs and the angle θ are given and W = 10 μm, the probability P value including the maximum number Nmax of crystal grain boundaries in the active channel region depending on the channel length L
In the present invention, TFT characteristics are more desirable when the tilt angle of the crystal grain boundary is −5 ° ≦ θ ≦ 5 °.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
Utilizing polycrystalline silicon grains whose crystal size is constant in the entire area or selective area on the TFT substrate or active matrix display and whose growth direction is constant and regular with respect to the active channel direction. When manufacturing TFTs using a dual or multiple active channel having the same active channel length compared to TFTs configured with a single active channel, it is fatal to the movement of charge carriers. Since the number of crystal grain boundaries that have a significant influence is reduced, the TFT characteristics can be improved. In addition, when designing a TFT using the mathematical formula defined in the present invention, the number of critical crystal grain boundaries included in the channel region of each of the double or multiple active channels is made uniform so that the TFT can be made uniform. Can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a single active channel TFT having a crystal grain size Gs having the same channel length of 2L.
FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a double active channel TFT.
FIG. 2A is a circuit configuration diagram showing a single TFT according to the prior art.
FIG. 2B is a circuit configuration diagram showing a TFT made of a double TFT connected to a common electrode according to the prior art.
FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an active channel including giant silicon grains formed by a conventional SLS crystallization method.
FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an active channel including giant silicon grains formed by a conventional SLS crystallization method.
FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an active channel including giant silicon grains formed by another prior art SLS crystallization method.
FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an active channel including giant silicon grains formed by another prior art SLS crystallization method.
FIG. 4C is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an active channel including giant silicon grains formed by another prior art SLS crystallization method.
FIG. 5A
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a single channel TFT and a double channel TFT using a given crystal grain size and active channel dimensions when θ = 0 ° according to the present invention.
FIG. 5B
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a single channel TFT and a double channel TFT using a given crystal grain size and active channel dimensions when θ = 0 ° according to the present invention.
FIG. 5C
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a single channel TFT and a double channel TFT using a given crystal grain size and active channel dimensions when θ = 0 ° according to the present invention.
FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating a single gate having an active channel length of 2L.
FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a double gate.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a double gate TFT for calculating Equation 1 defined in the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view shown to obtain conditions for synchronization of a double gate TFT according to the present invention.
FIG. 9A is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a single gate TFT when θ = 0 °.
FIG. 9B is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a double gate TFT.

Claims (14)

多結晶シリコンの結晶粒が四角形状で規則的に成長したものとしてモデル化したTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法であって、二重または多重チャネルでなされたTFTのアクティブチャネル間距離が下記式(1)と同一関係を有するように設計することを特徴とするTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法:S=mGs・secθ−L…(1)ここで、Gsは多結晶シリコン薄膜の結晶粒の大きさ、mは1、2、3、...整数>0、 θはアクティブチャネル方向の垂直方向に対して致命的な結晶粒境界(すなわち、プライマリ結晶粒界)が傾いてる角度、Lは二重または多重チャネルTFT各々のアクティブチャネルの長さを示す。 A method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT , which is modeled on the assumption that polycrystalline silicon crystal grains are regularly grown in a square shape, and the distance S between active channels of TFTs formed by double or multiple channels is as follows: design method of the TFT polycrystalline silicon thin film characterized by be designed to have the same relationship with the formula (1): S = mGs · secθ-L ... (1) where, Gs is the polycrystalline silicon thin-film crystal The grain size, m is 1, 2, 3,. . . Integer> 0, theta fatal crystal grain boundaries with respect to the vertical direction of the active channel direction (i.e., up Lima Li binding Akiratsubukai) angle that is tilted, L is double or multiple channel TFT each active Indicates the length of the channel. θ=0゜である時、前記二重チャネルまたは多重チャネル間距離が前記の定数倍であるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the design is such that the distance between the double channel or multiple channels is a constant multiple of S when θ = 0 °. θ=0゜である時、前記二重チャネルまたは多重チャネル間距離が前記と同一となるように設計することを特徴とする請求項2に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法3. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 2, wherein the design is such that when [theta] = 0 [deg.], the distance between the double channels or multiple channels is the same as S. 前記多結晶シリコンディスプレーデバイス全体基板上に形成されるかまたは基板の選択領域上に形成されるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法 Design method for preparation of polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, characterized in that the design so that the polycrystalline silicon is formed on the display device the entire formed on the substrate Luke or substrate selection region. 前記結晶粒の大きさ0.2μm以上であるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the crystal grain size is designed to be 0.2 [mu] m or more. 前記結晶粒が2個以上TFT基板に含まれるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the TFT is designed so that two or more crystal grains are included in the TFT substrate. 前記結晶粒界の傾斜角度が−45゜≦θ≦45゜であるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the tilt angle of the crystal grain boundary is designed to be −45 ° ≦ θ ≦ 45 °. 前記結晶粒界の傾斜角度が−5゜≦θ≦5゜であるように設計することを特徴とする請求項7に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 7, wherein the tilt angle of the crystal grain boundary is designed to satisfy -5 ° ≦ θ ≦ 5 °. 前記アクティブチャネル長さが結晶粒の大きさの定数倍であるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the active channel length is designed to be a constant multiple of the size of the crystal grain. ディスプレー内の前記結晶粒数が2個以上含まれるように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the number of crystal grains in the display is designed to be 2 or more. 前記結晶粒が一定な方向に成長するように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法2. The method for designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT according to claim 1, wherein the crystal grains are designed to grow in a certain direction. 前記多結晶シリコンPECVD、LPCVD、及びスパッタリング法中いずれか一つの方法で成長した非晶質シリコンをエキシマレーザー照射をして結晶化するように設計することを特徴とする請求項1に記載のTFT用多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法According to claim 1, characterized in that designing the polycrystalline silicon PECVD, LPCVD, and in sputtering amorphous silicon grown by any one of methods to crystallize by the excimer laser irradiation A method of designing a polycrystalline silicon thin film for TFT. 請求項1に記載の多結晶シリコン薄膜の設計方法用いて作製されたTFTを備えたことを特徴とするディスプレーデバイス。Display device comprising the TFT manufactured using the designing method of the polycrystalline silicon thin film according to claim 1. 前記ディスプレーデバイス液晶表示装置(LCD)または有機電界発光素子(EL)であることを特徴とする請求項13に記載のデバイス。14. The device according to claim 13, wherein the display device is a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an organic electroluminescent element (EL).
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