JP4363695B2 - Low power consumption type non-excited electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a low power consumption type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch which carries out an effective releasing operation of the brake or the clutch flowing no waste current to an exciting coil in the releasing time of the brake or the clutch, at the electromagnetic brake side or the electromagnetic clutch side, in a nonexciting operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch. SOLUTION: Two sorts of exciting coils 2a and 2b of a nonexciting operation type electromagnetic brake are provided and connected in series, and one side of them is made in an exciting oil for instant suction 2a to which a large current can be carried in a short time, while the other side is made in an exciting coil for holding 2b to which a small current is carried in order to hold for a long time after the suction, and the two sorts of exciting coils 2a and 2b are used differently by connecting an electronic switch 3-1 to both terminals of the exciting coil 2b in parallel, and turned on and off. As a result, a power consumption with a waste current is eliminated, and a switch circuit 3 including the electronic switch 3-1 can be assembled even in an electromagnetic brake body.

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the current energized to the exciting coil when the brake is released in the non-excitation electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch is reduced only when the brake or the clutch is released for a long time so as not to generate unnecessary power consumption. The present invention relates to an improvement in a low power consumption type non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch will be described. Here, the non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake will be described. For example, as shown in the sectional view of the structure of the electromagnetic brake alone in FIG. 4, the yoke 11, the excitation coil 12, the armature 13, the spring 14, the disk 15, the hub 16, and the plate 17. The armature 13 is pressed against the disk 15 by the force of the spring 14 to apply the brake, and the brake is released by energizing the excitation coil 12 and the yoke 11 and the armature 13 to release the brake. The armature 13 is attracted to the yoke 11 side by the attractive force generated by the electromagnetic action in the magnetic circuit to be formed.
[0003]
Power supply to the exciting coil, as shown in the circuit connection diagram of FIG. 5 is performed by turning on the connected switch 23-2 to the output circuit of the DC power supply 23-1 of the example the 24 V power supply circuit 23, A rated current Ia of 24 / R is passed through an exciting coil 12 having an inductance L in the electromagnetic brake 10 and an equivalent resistance R. Electric power consumption corresponding to the magnitude of the current Ia continues to occur while the brake is released inside the electromagnetic brake. The magnitude of the current that should flow through the exciting coil when the brake is released requires a rated current to obtain a strong attractive force only for a short initial period of, for example, about 100 ms, and can be maintained after suction, for example, 1/2 of the rated current. A degree is sufficient. Therefore, the conventional method as shown in the circuit connection diagram of FIG. 5 has a problem that wasteful power consumption occurs.
[0004]
In order not to generate the above-mentioned wasteful power consumption, as shown in the circuit connection diagram of FIG. 6, two kinds of voltages of the DC power supply 23-1 in the power supply circuit 23, that is, a voltage of 24 V and a smaller voltage of, for example, 12 V Is switched by the switch 23-3, and the rated current Ia is switched to the small current In necessary for holding only after the suction, and flows to the exciting coil 12 of the electromagnetic brake 10 after the suction. Although it is an effective means, there is a problem that the configuration of the power supply circuit 23 is complicated and expensive. This is also true for the same type of non-excitation actuated clutch.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the present invention makes it possible to solve the problem that, in the non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch, when the brake is released, the problem that a current more than necessary continues to flow through the excitation coil even in the storage state, and It is an object to be able to effectively take countermeasures on the electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch side.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the low power consumption type non-excitation electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch of the present invention normally operates the brake or clutch with the force of a spring, and the release of the brake or clutch is applied to the excitation coil. In a non-excitation electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch that is energized and attracted by electromagnetic action, a low-resistance instantaneous excitation coil that can flow a large current with a short-time rating and the release of the brake or clutch for a long time There are two types of exciting coils, a high resistance holding exciting coil that allows only the current necessary to hold it across, connected in series, and semiconductor elements were used for both terminals of the holding exciting coil Connect the electronic switch in parallel, turn on the electronic switch for a short time immediately after the start of brake or clutch release, and apply a large current only to the instantaneous suction excitation coil. The brake or clutch is released immediately with a sufficient attractive force, and immediately after that, the electronic switch is turned off, the energizing coil is energized, and the brake or clutch is switched to a small current mainly determined by the resistance value of the holding exciting coil. as well as configured to perform the open holding, the use of MOS-FET as an electronic switch, a first resistor, a capacitor, a second resistor connected in order in series between the DC power source, the capacitor and the A constant voltage diode is connected in parallel with the first resistor and in series with the first resistor, and the gate terminal of the MOS-FET is connected to the connection point between the capacitor and the second resistor constituting the gate bias circuit. connected to the MOS-FET is turned on by a voltage determined by the constant voltage diode in the DC power applied during braking or clutch open And configured to include a switch circuit to turn off the MOS-FET and a gate voltage is attenuated by the charging of the capacitor.
In this case, a switch circuit including the electronic switch and a circuit for operating the electronic switch can be configured to be incorporated into an electromagnetic brake or an electromagnetic clutch main body so as to realize an integrated structure.
In addition, the switch circuit composed of the electronic switch and a circuit for operating the electronic switch is realized as a single unit and mounted on the electromagnetic brake or the electromagnetic clutch main body, or the electromagnetic brake or the electromagnetic clutch is an option. It is possible to do.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings.
In addition, each embodiment shown below shows the case where this invention is applied to a non-excitation actuated electromagnetic brake.
First embodiment:
In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, two types of exciting coils 2a and 2b are provided in a non-excited operation type electromagnetic brake 1, and are connected in series.
L1, L2 and R1, R2 are the inductance and equivalent resistance of 2a and 2b of each exciting coil.
The exciting coil 2a used for instantaneous suction at the initial stage of brake release has a small resistance value so that a large current can be passed in a short time, and the exciting coil 2b used for holding after the suction has a large resistance value so as to pass a small current for a long time. Set to.
Inside the electromagnetic brake 1, an electronic switch 3-1 using a semiconductor element constituting the switch circuit 3 is connected in parallel to both terminals of the exciting coil 2b.
[0008]
When the switch 4-2 in the power circuit 4 is off, no current is supplied from the DC power source 4-1 to the electromagnetic brake 1, and the electromagnetic brake is in a state where the brake is applied by the force of the spring. The electronic switch 3-1 is turned off. When the switch 4-2 is turned on, the voltage of the DC power source 4-1, for example, 24 V, is applied to the electromagnetic brake 1, and the electronic switch 3-1 is immediately turned on by the action of the switch circuit 3, and the DC power source 4-1. Through the switch 4-2, a current 24 / R1 flows through the circuit comprising the exciting coil 2a and the electronic switch 3-1, and the brake is released. In this case, since the resistance value R1 of the exciting coil 2a is designed to be small, the flowing current is large, so that a large attractive force is generated and the brake is quickly released. For example, when the time of about 100 ms elapses, the electronic switch 3-1 is automatically turned off by the action of the switch circuit 3, and the excitation coil 2a and the excitation coil are passed from the DC power source 4-1 through the switch 4-2. The current [24 / (R1 + R2)] flows through 2b. Since the resistance value R2 of the exciting coil 2b is designed to be large, the flowing current is a small current of, for example, about 1/10 of the current (24 / R1), and this current causes the exciting coil 2b to generate. Hold while the brake is released with the holding force.
[0009]
Second embodiment:
In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2, only the switch circuit 3 in the first embodiment is replaced with a switch unit 3A as a single unit, and is connected externally as an option for an electromagnetic brake. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. Accordingly, the same components are indicated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
It is also possible to use a unitized actual mounted on an electromagnetic brake.
[0010]
Third embodiment:
In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the switch circuits 3 and 3A in the first and second embodiments are connected to an electronic switch FET using an n-channel MOS-FET and a drain terminal D. The switching circuit 3B is composed of a diode D2, a resistor R5 , a capacitor C of a bias circuit connected to the gate terminal G, a resistor R4 , a resistor R3 of a constant voltage circuit, and a constant voltage diode D1.
When the DC power supply voltage is not applied to the switch circuit 3B having the above configuration, the electronic switch FET is in an OFF state because the voltage at the gate terminal G is zero.
In this state, when a DC power supply voltage, for example 24V, is applied to the switch circuit 3B, a current flows through the series circuit composed of R3, C, and R4, and the voltage at the gate terminal G instantaneously rises to a level determined by the constant voltage diode D1. After that, the voltage at the gate terminal G falls with the charging of the capacitor C in a timely manner and finally reaches zero, but a voltage that can turn on the electronic switch FET is obtained for about 100 ms, for example, during this process.
While this voltage is established, the electronic switch FET is turned on, and a current I1 of 24 / R1 flows from the 24V power source to the path composed of the exciting coils L1, R1, the diode D2, and the electronic switch FET.
As the voltage at the gate terminal G of the electronic switch FET further decreases toward zero, the electronic switch FET is turned off, and the current I1 flows through a series circuit of the exciting coil 2a and the exciting coil 2b as 24 / (R1 + R2). Switch to I2. When the application of the power supply voltage of 24V is interrupted to apply the brake, the current I2 that has flown until then continues to flow from the source terminal S to the drain terminal D of the electronic switch FET through the resistor R5 to the exciting coils L1, R1 and disappears. To do.
The resistor R5 is used to accelerate the disappearance of the current I2, and the diode D2 is used to short-circuit the resistor R5 when the electronic switch FET is on.
In each of the above embodiments, the case where the present invention is applied to a non-excitation actuating electromagnetic brake is shown. However, the technology according to the present invention is applicable not only to a non-excitation actuating electromagnetic brake but also to a non-excitation actuating electromagnetic clutch. But of course it can be applied.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the low power consumption type non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch of the present invention has two types of excitation coils for the initial instantaneous suction when the brake or the clutch is released and the holding coil after the suction. Since it is configured so that it can be switched and used with a switch, it has the following excellent effects.
(1) There is no wasteful power consumption. Therefore, the temperature rise of the exciting coil can be reduced, and the current when the current supplied to the exciting coil is cut off is small in the holding current, so that the brake operation time is shortened.
{Circle around (2)} Since the attractive force at the initial release of the brake or clutch can be increased, the spring force of the electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch can be increased, and therefore the brake torque or clutch transmission torque can be increased.
(3) Furthermore, the electronic circuit can be configured very simply, and the electronic switch can be energized in a short time because the electronic switch has a short energization time. Since unitization can also be performed, the usability of the electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch can be greatly improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a connection diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a connection diagram showing a configuration of a second embodiment of a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 3 is a connection diagram showing a configuration of a third embodiment of a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake to which the present invention is applied.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a structure of a non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake body.
FIG. 5 is a connection diagram of an excitation method of a conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake.
FIG. 6 is a connection diagram showing an excitation method for reducing power consumption of a conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Non-excitation actuated electromagnetic brake 2a: Momentary excitation coil 2b: Holding excitation coil 3, 3A, 3B: Switch circuit 3-1, FET: Electronic switch 4: Power supply circuit 4-1: DC power supply 4-2 : Switch

Claims (3)

Normally, the brake or clutch is operated by the force of the spring, and the release of the brake or clutch is performed in the non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch in which the excitation coil is energized and attracted by the electromagnetic action.
A low resistance instantaneous excitation coil that allows a large current to flow at a short time rating, and a high resistance holding excitation coil that allows only the current necessary to maintain the release of the brake or clutch for a long time. There are various types of exciting coils, each connected in series, and an electronic switch using a semiconductor element is connected in parallel to both terminals of the holding exciting coil. Turn on the switch and apply a large current only to the exciting coil for instantaneous suction, and immediately release the brake or clutch with a large attractive force. It is configured to switch to a small current determined by the resistance value of the excitation coil for holding the brake or clutch release,
Using the MOS-FET as the electronic switch, a first resistor, a capacitor in order in series between the DC power supply, a second resistor connected in parallel with said capacitor and second resistor, and the first A constant voltage diode is connected in series with the resistor, and the gate terminal of the MOS-FET is connected to a connection point between the capacitor and the second resistor constituting the gate bias circuit, and a direct current applied when the brake or clutch is released. A low power consumption type comprising a switch circuit that turns on a MOS-FET by a voltage determined by the constant voltage diode in a power supply and turns off the MOS-FET by attenuating the gate voltage by charging the capacitor Non-excitation electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch.   2. The switch circuit comprising the electronic switch and a circuit for operating the electronic switch is incorporated in an electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch main body so as to realize an integrated structure. Low power consumption type non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch.   A switch circuit comprising the electronic switch and a circuit for operating the electronic switch is realized as a single unit and is mounted on the electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch main body or connected to the outside of the electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch. The low-power consumption type non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake or electromagnetic clutch according to claim 1, wherein:

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