JP4363918B2 - Cutting device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cutting apparatus, and more particularly, to a cutting apparatus including a numerical control device that controls the operation of a cutting machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a cutting machine has a numerical control device that controls the operation of a cutting machine based on a machining program having a command code consisting of a plurality of lines. The numerical control device sequentially receives the command code of the machining program. It is to be executed, and has a pre-read function for pre-reading each command code of the machining program prior to execution (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-62365 [Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-95825
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in the said conventional cutting processing apparatus, it was comprised so that the said processing program might be performed by one system of numerical control apparatuses.
In the conventional cutting processing device, when the numerical control device executes the processing program, for example, a predetermined command code that prevents advance of read-ahead such as performing loop processing or weight processing is 3 to 5 rows. If it continues, prefetching of each command code by the numerical control device is stopped. Therefore, the following problems have been pointed out.
That is, when a circular product is cut out from a workpiece by a laser processing machine, a main program as shown in FIG. 2 is created when piercing is performed on the outline of a circle and then the outline is cut. And is executed by the numerical controller. In this main program, a control command code such as LON is inserted at a required location between command codes such as a G code accompanying the axis movement of the laser processing machine.
In this case, a subprogram named LON is called by the control command code LON. In this subprogram, there are a series of command codes for stopping prefetching for loop processing and wait processing for controlling a laser oscillator, an assist gas supply device, a scanning control device, etc., so that the numerical control device has The progress of prefetching by the prefetching function is hindered. Then, when the numerical control device executes the LON command code for irradiating the laser beam, it does not recognize which side of the cutting line travel direction is the product, so the traveling direction of the cutting line Piercing is performed by irradiating the workpiece together with the assist gas with the laser beam at a position where the tool diameter correction for offsetting the machining head to the left or right is not performed. Then, the workpiece is cut in a state where the machining head is offset to the right side of the cutting line in the traveling direction of the laser beam.
In other words, the product after being cut into a circle along the outer shape line has not been subjected to tool diameter correction at the time of piercing, resulting in a disadvantage that a small recess is formed at the piercing position on the outer peripheral portion of the product. As described above, in the conventional cutting processing apparatus, the processing program consisting of the main program and the sub program is executed by pre-reading with a single system of numerical control devices, so that the cutting process is performed after piercing on the outline of the product. I couldn't.
For this reason, a main program as shown in FIG. 5 is created, and the cutting portion is continuously moved from the piercing at the outer position of the circle to be the product part to the outer shape of the circle, and from there the circle The outline had to be cut continuously. However, when the piercing at a position removed a product portion as this, the working time required for cutting is disadvantageously increased.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the circumstances described above, the present invention includes a numerical control device that controls the operation of a cutting machine based on a machining program having a plurality of command codes, and the numerical control device includes a command code of the machining program. Are sequentially executed , and each command code is prefetched , and a prefetch function for analyzing the machining path prior to execution is provided, and the program prefetching is stopped when there is a command code that is a predetermined stop condition. In the cutting device that is
The above machining program
A command code that includes a command code for moving the machining head of the cutting machine and a control command code for calling a subprogram, and that serves as the predetermined stop condition so that prefetching by the prefetching function is not stopped. The main program set to not include ,
In response to the call of the main program, a required command code is executed in a second numerical controller other than the first numerical controller in which the main program is executed, and when the execution is completed, the main program And a subprogram adapted to return the control to the first system of numerical control devices that execute the above .
[0005]
According to such a configuration, the main program does not include the stop condition that prevents the prefetching. Therefore, when the numerical control device sequentially executes the command code of the main program, the progress of the prefetching is not hindered.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when piercing is first performed on the outline of a circle and then cut on the outline of the circle, piercing is performed by correcting the tool diameter of the machining head of the cutting machine. it can. That is, the piercing hole does not interfere with the part to be a product, and a product having no defect after cutting can be provided.
In addition, since it is not necessary to make a piercing hole at a position outside the product outline, as shown in FIG. 5, it is compared with a case in which cutting is performed after piercing at a position outside the circle outline. Thus, the work time required for the cutting process can be shortened.
Therefore, it is possible to provide a cutting apparatus that can shorten the processing time and prevent the generation of defective products.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a laser processing machine for cutting a plate-like workpiece W into a required shape.
This laser processing machine 1 includes a laser oscillator 2 that oscillates a laser beam L, a processing head 3 that is disposed so as to be movable up and down and irradiates the workpiece W with a laser beam L, and a processing head. 3, a gas supply device 4 for supplying an assist gas to a processing location of the workpiece W, a processing table 5 on which the workpiece W is placed and moved in the horizontal XY directions, and further stored in advance. And a numerical controller 6 that controls the operation of each of the constituent members based on the machining program P.
The numerical control device 6 controls the operation of the other components, irradiates the processing position of the workpiece W with the laser light L, supplies the assist gas, and moves the processing table 5 in the XY directions. A product having a required shape can be cut from the workpiece W.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a CAD / CAM device. The CAD / CAM device 7 can create a main program (to be described later) for creating a figure to be a product and cutting out the product based on the created figure. It has become.
[0007]
The right column of FIG. 2 shows a main program MP for cutting out a circular product from the workpiece W, and is created based on a figure by a CAD / CAM device. This main program MP is a command code (G code) for an axis movement system that designates a machining path in accordance with a required cutting pattern, and a control command code for calling a subprogram for irradiating and stopping the laser beam L (see FIG. 2 is LON), etc., and is read and stored in the numerical control device 6 each time depending on the work contents. On the other hand, what is shown on the right side of FIG. 3 is a subprogram SP, which is called by the control command code and controls the laser oscillator 2, the gas supply device 4 and the like. It is stored in the device 6 in advance.
In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the numerical control device 6 has two systems, the main program MP is analyzed and executed on the first channel side, and the subprogram SP is on the second channel side. The analysis process is executed at
[0008]
The numerical control device 6 according to the present embodiment sequentially executes the machining program P, and has a prefetch function for prefetching the program so that the machining path can be analyzed prior to execution. Yes.
Basically, the numerical control device 6 is configured to stop the prefetching of the program when, for example, six command codes serving as predetermined stop conditions are continued. The command code that becomes such a stop condition is a command code related to loop processing, wait processing, and the like. In the present embodiment, the main program MP is set so that five or more codes serving as such stop conditions do not continue.
Further, the main program MP of the present embodiment is provided with a command code related to tool radius correction that is a command code related to axis movement, and the machining head 3 is positioned either on the left or right in the traveling direction of the cutting line for cutting the workpiece W. Is set to be offset.
That is, when the product is on the left side in the direction of travel of the cutting line, a command code for offsetting the machining head 3 to the right side of the cutting line on the program is set in the main program. On the other hand, when the right side of the cutting line in the traveling direction is a product, a command code for offsetting the machining head 3 to the left side is set in the main program MP.
[0009]
In this way, by offsetting the machining head 3 to the left or right of the cutting line on the program, the outer shape of the product after the cutting is made to have a predetermined dimension. Offsetting the machining head 3 to either the left or right of the cutting line is referred to as tool radius correction. The offset amount from the cutting line in the tool diameter correction is set to a half of the beam diameter of the laser beam.
More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, on the assumption that the traveling direction is known by prefetching, if the command code is “G41”, the current position 0 is shifted to the left L from the cutting line on the program. Move to the offset point and start cutting in the direction of the arrow. If it is the command code “G42”, it moves from 0 to the point R offset to the right from the cutting line on the program, and starts cutting in the direction of the arrow. The command code “G40” means that the tool radius correction is cancelled.
[0010]
The 2-channel calling subprogram A is called by the control command code “LON”, and the 2-channel calling subprogram B is called by the control command code “LOFF” and read.
The subprograms A and B for calling the two channels have no instruction code for stopping the prefetching. Thus, the main program MP on the channel 1 side does not stop from the first line through the subprogram A called by the control command code “LON”, to the last line via the subprogram B called by “LOFF”. It will be prefetched.
On the other hand, the subprogram SP is executed on the 2-channel side, and is called via the 2-channel calling subprogram by the control command code of the main program MP.
The subprogram SP1 is for controlling the laser oscillator 2 and the gas supply device 4 and the like, and the assist gas is supplied from the machining head 3 under predetermined conditions such as the discharge current value, period, pulse width and assist gas pressure of the laser oscillator 2. At the same time, the laser beam is set to be emitted. The subprogram SP2 is set so as to stop the emission of emitted assist gas and laser light.
In such subprograms SP1 and SP2, command codes for stopping the look-ahead function of the numerical controller 6 are continuously set. However, the subprograms SP1 and SP2 have no code related to the axis movement, and there is no particular problem even if the advance of prefetching is prevented.
In the present embodiment, the main program MP and the sub program SP constituting the machining program P are activated simultaneously on each channel side.
[0011]
In the above configuration, a description will be given of the case where the laser beam machine 1 performs piercing from the workpiece W onto the circular outline shown by the solid line in the left column of FIG. 2 to cut the circular product in the counterclockwise direction. To do. The main program MP in this case is shown in the right column of FIG.
The numerical controller 6 prefetches the command code of the main program MP shown in FIG. 2 on the channel 1 side, analyzes the machining path, and executes them sequentially. That is, the numerical controller 6 first reads the main program MP shown in FIG. 2 by a predetermined number of lines from the beginning, and executes the first line. The coordinate system is designated by a command code indicated as G90.
Next, the numerical controller 6 designates the origin in the coordinate system of the outline 11 of the circle by the command code G92X0Y0.
Next, the numerical control device 6 uses G00X25. The machining head 3 is moved to the position 11B by the command code of Y10.
Next, the numerical control device 6 uses G00G42X20. The machining head 3 is moved to the position corresponding to the piercing position 11A in the outline 11 by the command code D01.
Here, in this line alone, the cutting progress direction is unknown with respect to the outline 11, but since it has already been read ahead, it is understood that it proceeds counterclockwise from the line G03I-10 next to LON. The tool diameter is corrected by offsetting the position of the machining head 3 by a predetermined amount to the right of the outline 11 (cutting line) in the traveling direction. In this embodiment, the inside of the circular outline 11 becomes the product, and the outline 11 (cut line) is cut counterclockwise from the piercing position 11A, so that the tool radius correction is on the right side of the outline. It is set to be offset.
[0012]
Next, the numerical controller 6 reads the subprogram SP1 on the two channel side according to the control command code displayed as LON.
Then, the numerical controller 6 sequentially reads the command code on the subprogram SP1 side, operates the laser oscillator 2 to irradiate the piercing position 11A of the workpiece W with the laser beam L, and supplies assist gas to pierce. I do. When the end signal is sent from the subprogram SP1 to the subprogram A for calling 2 channels on the 1 channel side, the control returns from the 2 channel side to the 1 channel side again.
Next, the numerical control device 6 performs G03I-10. It is executed by the command code. As a result, the machining head 3 continuously cuts the outer shape line 11 counterclockwise from the piercing position 11A.
When the cutting end point is reached, the numerical control device 6 reads the subprogram SP2 via the subprogram B shown in FIG. 3 by the control command code indicated by LOFF shown in FIG. It is supposed to run.
When the subprogram SP2 is executed, control returns to the main program MP shown in FIG. 2 again, so that the numerical controller 6 executes the main program G00G40X19 shown in FIG. As described above, G40 is set to cancel the tool radius correction. Therefore, the offset of the machining head 3 is released here, and the center of the machining head 3 returns to the cutting line.
[0013]
Next, the numerical controller 6 reads the command code of M30 displayed at the end of FIG. 2, and recognizes the end of machining by the main program MP.
Thereby, the product 111 provided with the outline 11 is cut from the workpiece W.
As described above, in the present embodiment, when the product inside the outline 11 is cut out from the workpiece W after piercing at the piercing position 11A on the outline 11, the numerical controller 6 A function of pre-reading the command code of the main program MP is provided. Further, in the main program MP, a predetermined number or more of instruction codes serving as prefetch stop conditions are not continued.
For this reason, the prefetching of the main program MP by the numerical control device 6 is not stopped, and when the piercing is performed on the contour line 11 to cut the contour line 11, the numerical control device 6 instructs the command code of the main program MP. Can always be prefetched up to a predetermined destination, and accordingly, when performing piercing at the piercing position 11A, it can be correctly recognized whether the tool radius correction is offset to the left or right in the direction of travel of the cutting line. Then, piercing can be performed at the correct position.
Therefore, after the product 111 is cut, a recess due to piercing does not occur in the outer peripheral portion of the product 111. That is, no defective product is generated.
And in the said Example, as shown in FIG. 5, since it is not necessary to cut | disconnect an outline after performing piercing to the outer side of a product, compared with the case where such a cutting process is performed, It is possible to shorten the time required for the cutting work.
In addition, although the said Example demonstrated the case where the product whose outline is circular was cut out, this invention is not limited to the shape of a product, It can apply to the product of what shape.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that it is possible to provide a cutting device that has a short processing time and can prevent generation of defective products.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a laser beam machine showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a main program created by the CAD / CAM device of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a machining program stored in the numerical control device of FIG. 1;
4 is a diagram showing a part of the function of the command code shown in FIG. 2. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another example of the main program.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Laser processing machine 3 ... Processing head 6 ... Numerical control apparatus 11 ... Outline line W ... Workpiece P ... Processing program MP ... Main program SP ... Subprogram

Claims (2)

A numerical control device is provided for controlling the operation of the cutting machine based on a machining program having a plurality of command codes. The numerical control device sequentially executes the command codes of the machining program and reads each command code in advance. In addition, in the cutting and processing apparatus provided with a pre-read function for analyzing the processing path prior to execution, and pre-reading of the program is stopped when there is a command code that is a predetermined stop condition,
The above machining program
A command code that includes a command code for moving the machining head of the cutting machine and a control command code for calling a subprogram, and that serves as the predetermined stop condition so that prefetching by the prefetching function is not stopped. The main program set to not include ,
In response to the call of the main program, a required command code is executed in a second numerical controller other than the first numerical controller in which the main program is executed, and when the execution is completed, the main program And a sub-program adapted to return control to the first system of numerical control devices in which is executed .   The main program includes a command code for performing tool radius correction for offsetting the machining head to the left or right of the cutting line traveling direction, a control command code for calling the sub program to turn on the laser, and the traveling direction of the machining head. The cutting apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a command code that defines

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