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JP4371341B2 - Freezing amount measurement method, freezing amount measurement structure and freezing amount measurement device - Google Patents
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JP4371341B2 - Freezing amount measurement method, freezing amount measurement structure and freezing amount measurement device - Google Patents

Freezing amount measurement method, freezing amount measurement structure and freezing amount measurement device Download PDF

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JP4371341B2
JP4371341B2 JP2000256853A JP2000256853A JP4371341B2 JP 4371341 B2 JP4371341 B2 JP 4371341B2 JP 2000256853 A JP2000256853 A JP 2000256853A JP 2000256853 A JP2000256853 A JP 2000256853A JP 4371341 B2 JP4371341 B2 JP 4371341B2
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JP2002070018A (en
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邦夫 内藤
紀二 替場
正良 深井
七郎 晴山
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守谷鋼機株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、その凍結による地山の凍上量を測定する凍上量測定方法、凍上量測定構造および凍上量測定器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
たとえば、切土や盛土等によって形成された地山の斜面、いわゆる法面を保護する保護工(法面保護工)として、法面に沿って構築した法枠等の構造物をアンカーピンやボルト鋼棒等の棒状支持体によって固定的に支持する工法が広く知られている。
【0003】
この種の法面保護工においては、棒状支持体と構造物との組み合わせが、地山の法面を保護する法面保護体として機能される。そして、通常は、構造物を棒状支持体と一体的に、つまりは固定的に構築することによって、その保護、つまりは法面の保護がはかられている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、寒冷地等の地山においては、凍結による体積膨張のもとでその表面、つまりは法面の隆起される、いわゆる凍上現象が発生しやすく、この凍上が、法面保護体の施工された地山に発生すると、その法面上に構築された構造物は、その凍上、つまりは法面の隆起によって一体的に押し出されることを余儀なくされる。
【0005】
その後、凍結により体積の膨張された部分、つまり地山の凍上領域は、その解凍のもとで元の体積に戻り、また、法面もこれに伴って非凍上時の初期位置に戻されるが、法面上に構築された一般的な構造物、およびこの構造物を支持する棒状支持体は、通常、その復帰力を持たないため、凍上領域の体積復帰の後も、法面の復帰に追従することなく、その押し出された位置に残されたままとなる。
【0006】
このような、押し出された位置での構造物の残存、つまり法面からの構造物の浮き上がりは、法面と構造物との間に隙間を生じさせることから、法面に対する保護機能の低下が避けられず、構造物の破損、損壊や法面の崩壊等を招く虞れも否定できない。そこで、昨今では、このような地山の凍上に対する構造物、あるいは棒状支持体の保護対策が種々検討されているが、現行の構造物、あるいは棒状支持体等では、その対策基準、検討基準となるべき地山の凍上量の測定が十分、かつ明確に行えない。
【0007】
つまり、現行では、地山の凍上量を正確に把握することが容易でなく、通常は、予測により設定した仮想凍上量をもとに、その保護体策をはかっているため、保護体策が過剰であったり、または不十分であったりというような不具合を伴うことが否定できない。
【0008】
この発明は、地山の凍上量を正確に把握可能とし、なおかつ、構成の複雑化を伴うことなくそれを可能とした凍上量測定方法、凍上量測定構造、および凍上量測定器の提供を目的としている。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この目的を達成するために、この発明の凍上量測定方法によれば、棒状支持体を、予め想定された凍上領域を越える打設長で地山に打設、定着させることによって、地山の凍上を、この棒状支持体の浮き上がりを伴うことなく発生させる。そして、地山の凍上時にのみ棒状支持体、および法面のいずれか一方に連動される凍上記録体を、この他方に一体的に配された直線状のガイド体に対し、その凍上時に対応量だけ移動させることにより、非凍上時に記録された凍上起点から、地山の凍上到達点でガイド体上に停留された凍上記録体までの距離として、この地山の凍上量を測定するものとしている。
【0010】
また、この発明の凍上量測定構造によれば、直線状のガイド体と、このガイド体上を移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能に設けられた凍上記録体との組み合わせのうち、凍上記録体が、予め想定された凍上領域を越える打設長でその地山に打設、定着された棒状支持体、およびその地山の法面のいずれか一方に固定的に設けられた係合片に、地山の凍上時にのみ係合、連動可能に配設されるとともに、ガイド体が、係合片の設けられた一方に対する他方に一体的に配されている。
【0011】
更に、この発明の実施の一形態で示す凍上量測定器においては、棒状支持体の挿通される挿通孔をその中央部に有したベースプレートの、その挿通孔周りに、支柱が固定、立設され、直線状のガイド体が、この支柱に対して固定的に離間支持されるとともに、凍上記録体が、このガイド体上を移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能に設けられている。そして、棒状支持体に固定された係合片が、地山の凍上時にのみ凍上記録体に係合、連動可能に、ガイド体との交差方向に延出されている。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照しながらこの発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
【0013】
図1に示すように、この発明に係る凍上量測定構造10は、地山12に打設、定着された棒状支持体14を利用するものとして構成されている。そして、図2を見るとわかるように、この発明においては、この棒状支持体14が、たとえば、法面12a上に構築された、法枠等の構造物16との非一体形態を確保しつつ、予め想定された地山12の凍上領域L1を越える長さの打設長L2のもとで、この地山に打設、定着されている。
【0014】
一般には、法枠等の構造物16を地山の法面12a上に予め構築しておき、図1、図2に示すように、この構造物に形成した挿通孔、たとえば隔離パイプ18の配設のもとで形成された挿通孔20を介して、棒状支持体14、たとえばボルト状鋼棒は、地山12に対し、ハンマー等により打設される。
【0015】
地山12が凍結される場合、通常は、その法面側の所定深さにおいて凍結し、この凍結による体積膨張のもとで法面12aの隆起、つまりその凍上を生じるが、図2に示すように、この発明においては、地山の凍結するであろう領域を、法面からの所定深さとなる凍上領域L1として予め想定し、この地山の凍上領域を越える打設長L2のもとで、棒状支持体14をこの地山に打設、定着している。
【0016】
つまり、棒状支持体14が、地山12の凍結、凍上とは無関係な領域を、地山に対する定着長L3としているため、地山の凍上のもとでも浮き上がることのない、棒状支持体の安定的な定着が、これによれば確実に得られる。
【0017】
なお、図2においては、棒状支持体14を地山12に直接的に定着させる構成を例示しているが、このような直接的な定着に限定されず、たとえば、図3に示すように、棒状支持体の定着長L3にグラウト22を施し、このグラウトによって、棒状支持体を地山に固結、定着させる構成としてもよい。また、同図示のように、凍上領域L1での棒状支持体14周りに、たとえば豆砂利等の、透水性に優れた凍上抑制材24を配すれば、棒状支持体と地山との一体的な凍結を抑止する、いわゆる縁切り効果も容易に確保可能となる。
【0018】
これらは、地山12の土質やその地域の気候等に応じて適宜選択的に採用すれば足りるものであるため、これらのうちのいずれかに、その構成を限定するものではない。
【0019】
ここで、図2を見るとわかるように、この発明においては、棒状支持体14が、凍上領域L1を越える打設長L2のもとで地山12に安定的に打設、定着されるのに対し、法面12a上の構造物16は、たとえば、隔離パイプ18を介した隔離のもとで、棒状支持体との非一体形態に構築されているため、地山の凍上によりその法面が隆起すると、法面上の構造物は、棒状支持体に対し、法面と共にその隆起方向に移動されることになる。
【0020】
そこで、図1、図4に示すように、この発明においては、たとえば、地山12の凍上時にのみ棒状支持体14に係合、連動される凍上記録体26を、法面12a、つまりは構造物16に一体的に配された直線状のガイド体28に対し、その凍上時に対応量だけ移動させることにより、非凍上時に記録された凍上起点から、地山の凍上到達点でガイド体上に停留された凍上記録体までの距離として、この地山の凍上量を測定するものとしている。
【0021】
図1に加えて図5を見るとわかるように、この発明の実施の形態においては、直線状のガイド体28が地山の法面12a、つまり構造物16に対して一体的に配設されるとともに、このガイド体上を移動可能、かつ停留可能な凍上記録体26が、棒状支持体14に係合、連動可能に設けられている。
【0022】
たとえば、棒状支持体14、詳しくいえば構造物16からの棒状支持体の延出部14aの挿通可能な挿通孔34を中央部に有する、略円板状のベースプレート36に、所定数、たとえば4本の支柱38が立設、固定され、スペーサ40を介したねじ42でのねじ止めのもとで、ガイド体28は支柱に対して固定的に離間配置されている。そして、たとえば、一対のボルト44,45による挟持のもとで、係合片48を棒状支持体の延出部14aに固定的に配設し、この係合片を、地山の凍上時にのみ凍上記録体26に係合、連動可能にガイド体28との交差方向に延出させることによって、この凍上量測定構造10を有した凍上量測定器50は形成されている。
【0023】
また、この凍上量測定器50においては、ガイド体28上で少なくとも停留可能な起点記録体32が、凍上記録体26に反する側での係合片48に対する接触のもとで、ガイド体上に停留して配設されている。
【0024】
一般に、棒状支持体によって構造物を法面上に支持する場合においては、構造物表面の棒状支持体周りに、支圧板等のプレート体52が固定的に配設されることから、たとえば、ボルト54等によるこのプレート体へのベースプレート36の固定のもとで、この凍上量測定器50は構造物16、ひいては法面12aに対して固定的に設置される。
【0025】
なお、図1に示すように、この凍上量測定器50は、保護キャップ56によって被装、保護される。
【0026】
このような凍上量測定器50は、通常、地山12の非凍結時に設置され、この非凍結時での状態を、凍上量測定器の初期状態として図1に示す。この初期状態においては、係合片48を各方向から挟み込むように、ガイド体の凍上記録体26、および起点記録体32が、この係合片との接触状態でそれぞれ配設されている。
【0027】
このような初期状態において地山12の凍上が生じると、法面12aの隆起に伴う押し出しによって、構造物16は、棒状支持体14に対してその隆起方向に移動しようとする。
【0028】
ここで、この発明においては、棒状支持体の係合片48が、地山12の凍上時においてのみ凍上記録体26に係合されるため、図4に示すように、地山の凍上時においては、ガイド体28が、係合片に係合された凍上記録体を伴うことなく、つまり凍上記録体をその係合位置に残して、起点記録体32と共に棒状支持体14に対して移動される。
【0029】
また、地山12の凍上状態から、その解凍による体積復帰が生じると、図6に示すように、構造物16は、地山の体積復帰に追従して戻され、これに従って、ガイド体28も構造物と共に棒状支持体14に対してその復帰方向に移動される。このとき、凍上記録体26は、係合片48からの離反方向に移動しようとするため、この復帰によりその位置を変えることなくガイド体28と一体的に移動される。つまり、地山12の凍上到達点は、図示のように、凍上記録体26の位置としてガイド体28に明確に残され、記録される。
【0030】
そして、起点記録体32が、非凍上時におけるガイド体28に対する係合片48の位置、つまり凍上起点としてガイド体上に残されているため、この起点記録体から凍上記録体26までの距離を測定することによって、地山12の凍上量の測定がはかられる。
【0031】
上記のように、この発明においては、地山12の凍上時にのみ棒状支持体14に対して係合、連動される凍上記録体26を、法面12a、つまりは構造物16に一体的に配された直線状のガイド体28に対し、その凍上時に対応量だけ移動させることにより、非凍上時に記録された凍上起点から、地山の凍上到達点でガイド体上に停留された凍上記録体までの距離として、この地山の凍上量を測定するものとしている。
【0032】
そして、この発明では、地山12の凍上時にのみ、凍上記録体26がこの凍上に追従してガイド体28上を移動し、地山の復帰時においては、この復帰に追従することなく、その凍上到達点に残されるため、地山の凍上到達点、ひいては地山の凍上量が明確に把握できる。
【0033】
つまり、この発明によれば、地山12の凍上量を正確に把握することが容易に可能となる。そして、地山12の凍上量が正確に把握できれば、法面の保護対策の適正化が容易にはかられる。
【0034】
また、この発明においては、地山12の凍上時にのみ棒状支持体14に対して係合、連動される凍上記録体26を、構造物16に一体的に配された直線状のガイド体28に対し、その凍上時に対応量だけ移動させて、その移動位置で停留可能とすれば足りるため、構成の複雑化を伴うことなく、その凍上量を正確に把握することが可能となる。
【0035】
ここで、この発明の実施の形態においては、係合片48を棒状支持体14に固定的に配するとともに、ガイド体28を地山の法面12aと一体的に配設し、ガイド体を、地山の凍上のもとで棒状支持体に対して移動させることにより、その凍上量の測定をはかっている。しかし、ガイド体28、および係合片48が、棒状支持体14を伴わない地山12の凍上のもとで相対的に変位可能であれば足りるため、これに限定されず、たとえばこれとは逆に、係合片48を構造物16に固定的に配するとともに、ガイド体28を棒状支持体14と一体的に配設する構成としてもよい。
【0036】
また、この発明の実施の形態においては、ガイド体28、凍上記録体26、および係合片48の組み合わせを等角度離反した4ヵ所に設けているが、この数はこれに限定されず、たとえば1〜3ヶ所のいずれかとしてもよい。
【0037】
更に、この発明の実施の形態においては、地山の法面12a上に構造物16を構築した例を示しているが、ガイド体28を法面と一体的に移動可能とすれば足りるため、この構造物の有無は特に限定されない。つまり、この発明によれば、構造物16の構築後に限定されず、構造物の構築前に、その対象となる地山の法面12aの凍上量を事前に測定、把握することができる。従って、この点からも、法面の保護対策の適正化が確実にはかられる。
【0038】
また、この発明の実施の形態においては、係合片48、ひいては地山12の凍上起点をガイド体28に記録する手段として、ガイド体に対して移動可能、かつ停留可能な起点記録体32を設けているが、ガイド体に対する係合片の非凍上時位置が明確に把握できれば足りるため、これに限定されず、たとえば、ガイド体へのテープ等の貼付、あるいはペンでの記入等によって、ガイド体に対する係合片の非凍上時位置を明確化してもよい。
【0039】
しかしながら、この発明の実施の形態のように、少なくとも停留可能な起点記録体32を設けることによって、ガイド体28に対する係合片48の非凍上時位置の記録が容易に行えるため、その設置、つまり凍上量測定器50の設置作業の容易化がはかられる。
【0040】
ところで、この発明においては、凍上記録体26がガイド体28に対して移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能であれば足りるため、係止による停留の得られるものの組み合わせ、あるいは摩擦による停留の得られるものの組み合わせ等、種々の組み合わせがこの凍上記録体、ガイド体に利用できる。
【0041】
ここで、この発明においては、たとえば、市販の結束バンドから凍上記録体26、およびガイド体28を形成している。通常、結束バンドは、一側面を凹凸面としたバンド本体、およびこのバンド本体の凹凸面に係合可能な係合片を有して、バンド本体の一端に設けられた止め具部からなり、この発明の実施の形態では、この結束バンドのバンド本体、止め具部を切断等により分離させることによって、バンド本体をガイド体28として、また止め具部を凍上記録体26として、それぞれ利用している。
【0042】
なお、この結束バンドの止め具部は、起点記録体32としても利用できることはいうまでもない。
【0043】
上述した実施の形態は、この発明を説明するためのものであり、この発明を何等限定するものでなく、この発明の技術範囲内で変形、改造等の施されたものも全てこの発明に包含されることはいうまでもない。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
上記のように、この発明によれば、地山の凍上時にのみ、凍上記録体をこの凍上に追従してガイド体上で移動させ、地山の復帰時においては、この復帰に追従することなく、この凍上記録体をその凍上到達点に残すため、地山の凍上到達点、ひいては地山の凍上量を明確に把握することができる。従って、この地山の凍上量の把握から、法面の保護対策の適正化が容易に可能となる。
【0045】
また、この発明においては、凍上記録体を、予め想定された凍上領域を越える打設長でその地山に打設、定着された棒状支持体、およびその地山の法面のいずれか一方に固定的に設けられた係合片に、地山の凍上時にのみ係合、連動可能に配設するとともに、ガイド体を、係合片の設けられた一方に対する他方に一体的に配設すれば足りるため、その構成の複雑化を伴うことなく、地山の凍上量を正確に把握することができる。
【0046】
そして、地山の凍上起点をガイド体に記録する起点記録体を少なくとも停留可能に設ければ、ガイド体に対する地山の非凍上時位置の記録が容易に行えるため、この非凍上時位置の明確化、および設置作業の容易化がはかられる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】非凍上時における、この発明に係る凍上量測定構造を有した凍上量測定器の概略断面図である。
【図2】棒状支持体の打設の一例を示す概略縦断面図である。
【図3】棒状支持体の打設の変形例を示す概略縦断面図である。
【図4】凍上時における凍上量測定構造、および凍上量測定器の概略断面図である。
【図5】凍上量測定構造を有した凍上量測定器の、一部分解の概略斜視図である。
【図6】復帰時における凍上量測定構造、および凍上量測定器の概略断面図である。
【符号の説明】
10 凍上量測定構造
12 地山
12a 法面
14 棒状支持体
16 構造物
26 凍上記録体
28 ガイド体
32 起点記録体
48 係合片
50 凍上量測定器
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a frost heave amount measuring method, a frost heap amount measuring structure, and a frost heap amount measuring device for measuring the amount of frost heaving of a natural ground due to freezing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as a protective work (slope protection work) that protects the slopes of natural ground formed by cutting or embankment, so-called slopes (slope protection work), structures such as slopes constructed along the slopes are anchor pins and bolts. A construction method in which it is fixedly supported by a rod-like support such as a steel rod is widely known.
[0003]
In this type of slope protection work, a combination of a rod-like support and a structure functions as a slope protection body for protecting the slope of a natural mountain. Usually, the structure is integrated with the rod-like support, that is, fixedly, so that the protection, that is, the protection of the slope is taken.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in a natural mountain such as a cold region, the surface, that is, the slope is easily raised due to volume expansion due to freezing, and so-called frost heaving phenomenon is likely to occur. When it occurs in a natural ground, the structure built on the slope is forced to be pushed together by frost heave, that is, the slope.
[0005]
After that, the part of the volume expanded by freezing, that is, the frost heaving region of the natural ground, returns to the original volume under its thawing, and the slope is also returned to the initial position at the time of non-freezing. Since a general structure constructed on a slope and a rod-like support that supports this structure usually do not have its restoring force, the slope can be restored even after the volume of the frost heave is restored. Without following it, it remains in its extruded position.
[0006]
Such residual structure at the pushed-out position, that is, the lifting of the structure from the slope, creates a gap between the slope and the structure, so that the protective function against the slope is reduced. Inevitably, there is no denying the possibility of structural damage, damage or slope failure. Therefore, in recent years, various measures for protection of structures or bar-shaped supports against frost heaving of such natural ground have been studied, but for current structures or bar-shaped supports, the countermeasure standards and examination standards are The amount of frost heaving on the ground should be measured sufficiently and clearly.
[0007]
In other words, at present, it is not easy to accurately grasp the amount of frost heaving in the natural ground, and usually the protection measures are taken based on the virtual frost heave amount set by prediction. It cannot be denied that there are problems such as being excessive or insufficient.
[0008]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for measuring the amount of frost heaving, a structure for measuring the amount of frost heaving, and a device for measuring the amount of frost heaving that can accurately grasp the amount of frost heaving on a natural ground without complicating the configuration. It is said.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, according to the method of measuring the amount of frost heaving of the present invention, the rod-shaped support is placed and fixed on the ground with a placement length exceeding a presumed frost heave region. Freezing occurs without the lifting of the rod-shaped support. Then, when the frost heave is frozen, the bar-like support and the frost heave recording body linked to either one of the slopes are compared to the linear guide body integrally arranged on the other side. The amount of frost heaving of this natural ground is measured as the distance from the frost heave starting point recorded during non-freezing to the frost heave recorded on the guide body at the arrival point of the natural ground. .
[0010]
Further, according to the frost heave amount measuring structure of the present invention, among the combinations of the linear guide body and the frost heave recording body which is movable on the guide body and can be stopped at the moving position, the frost heave recording An engagement piece that is fixedly provided on any one of a stick-shaped support body that has been placed and fixed on the natural ground with a placement length that exceeds a presumed frost heave region, and a slope of the natural ground. In addition, the guide body is disposed so as to be engaged and interlocked only when the natural ground is frozen, and the guide body is integrally disposed on the other side of the engagement piece.
[0011]
Furthermore, in the frost heaving amount measuring apparatus shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a support column is fixed and erected around the insertion hole of the base plate having the insertion hole through which the rod-like support is inserted at the center. The linear guide body is fixedly supported to be separated from the support, and the frost heave recording body can be moved on the guide body and can be stopped at the moving position. And the engagement piece fixed to the rod-shaped support body is extended in the crossing direction with the guide body so that it can be engaged and interlocked with the frost heave recording body only at the time of freezing of the natural ground.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
As shown in FIG. 1, the frost heave measurement structure 10 according to the present invention is configured to use a bar-like support 14 that is placed and fixed on a natural ground 12. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the present invention, the rod-like support 14 is secured in a non-integrated form with a structure 16 such as a frame constructed on the slope 12a, for example. The ground is placed and fixed in the ground under a casting length L2 having a length exceeding the frost heave region L1 of the ground 12 assumed in advance.
[0014]
In general, a structure 16 such as a frame is constructed in advance on a slope 12a of a natural ground, and as shown in FIGS. The rod-like support 14, for example, a bolt-like steel rod, is driven by a hammer or the like through the insertion hole 20 formed under the installation.
[0015]
When the natural ground 12 is frozen, it is usually frozen at a predetermined depth on the slope side, and the slope 12a rises, that is, the frost heave rises under the volume expansion by this freezing, as shown in FIG. Thus, in the present invention, the area where the natural ground will freeze is assumed in advance as the frost heave area L1 having a predetermined depth from the slope, and the driving length L2 exceeds the frost heave area of this natural ground. Thus, the rod-like support 14 is placed and fixed on this ground.
[0016]
In other words, because the rod-like support 14 has an area irrelevant to the freezing and frost heaving of the natural ground 12 as the fixing length L3 to the natural ground, the stability of the rod-like supporting body that does not float even under the freezing of the natural ground According to this, it is possible to reliably obtain a fixed fixing.
[0017]
In addition, in FIG. 2, although the structure which fixes the rod-shaped support body 14 directly to the natural ground 12 is illustrated, it is not limited to such direct fixation, For example, as shown in FIG. A grout 22 may be applied to the fixing length L3 of the rod-shaped support, and the rod-shaped support may be solidified and fixed to the natural ground by this grout. Also, as shown in the figure, if a frost heave inhibitor 24 having excellent water permeability, such as bean gravel, is disposed around the rod support 14 in the frost heave region L1, the rod support and the ground are integrated. It is also possible to easily secure a so-called edge cutting effect that suppresses freezing.
[0018]
Since it is sufficient to appropriately adopt these according to the soil quality of the natural ground 12 or the climate of the area, the configuration is not limited to any of these.
[0019]
Here, as can be seen from FIG. 2, in the present invention, the rod-like support 14 is stably driven and fixed on the ground 12 under the driving length L2 exceeding the frost heave region L1. On the other hand, the structure 16 on the slope 12a is constructed in a non-integral form with a rod-like support, for example, under the isolation via the isolation pipe 18, so that the slope 16 When the ridge is raised, the structure on the slope is moved in the ridge direction together with the slope with respect to the rod-like support.
[0020]
Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, in the present invention, for example, the frost heave recording body 26 that is engaged and interlocked with the rod-like support 14 only when the natural ground 12 is frosted is provided with the slope 12a, that is, the structure. By moving the linear guide body 28 integrated with the object 16 by a corresponding amount at the time of frost heave, from the frost heave start point recorded at the time of non-frost heave, on the guide body at the frost heap reaching point of the natural mountain The amount of frost heaving on this ground is measured as the distance to the frozen frost heap record.
[0021]
As can be seen from FIG. 5 in addition to FIG. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, the linear guide body 28 is integrally disposed with respect to the slope 12 a of the natural ground, that is, the structure 16. In addition, a frost heave recording body 26 that can move on the guide body and can be stopped is provided so as to be engaged with and interlocked with the rod-like support 14.
[0022]
For example, a predetermined number, for example, four, is provided in a substantially disk-shaped base plate 36 having an insertion hole 34 through which the rod-like support member 14, specifically, the rod-like support member extended portion 14 a from the structure 16 can be inserted. The support column 38 is erected and fixed, and the guide body 28 is fixedly spaced from the support column under screwing with the screw 42 via the spacer 40. Then, for example, the engagement piece 48 is fixedly disposed on the extending portion 14a of the rod-like support body under the sandwiching of the pair of bolts 44, 45, and this engagement piece is disposed only when the natural mountain is frozen. The frost heap amount measuring device 50 having the frost heave amount measuring structure 10 is formed by extending in the crossing direction with the guide body 28 so as to be engaged and interlocked with the frost heave recording body 26.
[0023]
Further, in this frost heaving amount measuring device 50, at least the starting point recording body 32 that can be stopped on the guide body 28 is placed on the guide body under contact with the engaging piece 48 on the side opposite to the frost heave recording body 26. Stopped and arranged.
[0024]
In general, when a structure is supported on a slope by a rod-shaped support, a plate body 52 such as a bearing plate is fixedly disposed around the rod-shaped support on the surface of the structure. Under the fixing of the base plate 36 to the plate body by 54 or the like, the frost heaving amount measuring device 50 is fixedly installed with respect to the structure 16 and thus the slope 12a.
[0025]
As shown in FIG. 1, the frost heave measuring device 50 is covered and protected by a protective cap 56.
[0026]
Such a frost heaving amount measuring device 50 is usually installed when the natural ground 12 is not frozen, and this non-freezing state is shown in FIG. 1 as an initial state of the frost heaving amount measuring device. In this initial state, the frost heave recording body 26 and the starting point recording body 32 of the guide body are disposed in contact with the engaging pieces so as to sandwich the engaging pieces 48 from each direction.
[0027]
When the freezing of the natural ground 12 occurs in such an initial state, the structure 16 tends to move in the uplift direction with respect to the rod-like support 14 by the extrusion accompanying the uplift of the slope 12a.
[0028]
Here, in the present invention, the engaging piece 48 of the bar-like support is engaged with the frost heave recording body 26 only when the ground 12 is frozen, so that when the ground is frozen, as shown in FIG. The guide body 28 is moved with respect to the bar-shaped support body 14 together with the starting point recording body 32 without the frosting recording body engaged with the engaging piece, that is, leaving the frosting recording body in its engaging position. The
[0029]
Further, when the volume recovery by the thawing occurs from the frozen state of the natural mountain 12, the structure 16 is returned following the volume recovery of the natural mountain, as shown in FIG. It moves in the return direction with respect to the rod-like support 14 together with the structure. At this time, since the frost heave recording body 26 tries to move away from the engagement piece 48, the return is moved integrally with the guide body 28 without changing its position. That is, the frost heave reaching point of the natural ground 12 is clearly left and recorded in the guide body 28 as the position of the frost heap recording body 26 as shown in the figure.
[0030]
Then, since the starting point recording body 32 is left on the guide body as the position of the engagement piece 48 with respect to the guide body 28 at the time of non-freezing, that is, the frosting starting point, the distance from the starting point recording body to the frosting recording body 26 is By measuring, the amount of freezing on the ground 12 can be measured.
[0031]
As described above, in the present invention, the frost heave recording body 26 that is engaged and interlocked with the rod-like support 14 only when the natural ground 12 is frosted is integrally disposed on the slope 12a, that is, the structure 16. From the frost heave starting point recorded during non-freezing to the frost heaving recording body stopped on the guide body at the arrival point of the natural mountain by moving the linear guide body 28 by a corresponding amount at the time of freezing It is assumed that the amount of frost heaving of this natural mountain is measured as the distance.
[0032]
In the present invention, the frost heave recording body 26 moves on the guide body 28 following the frost heave only when the ground 12 is frozen, and when the ground is restored, it does not follow this return, Since it is left at the freezing point, it is possible to clearly grasp the freezing point of the natural mountain, and thus the freezing amount of the natural mountain.
[0033]
In other words, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily grasp the frost heave amount of the natural ground 12 accurately. If the amount of frost heaving on the ground 12 can be accurately grasped, it is easy to optimize the slope protection measures.
[0034]
Further, in the present invention, the frost heave recording body 26 that is engaged and interlocked with the rod-like support 14 only when the natural ground 12 is frosted is replaced by a linear guide body 28 that is integrally arranged with the structure 16. On the other hand, since it is sufficient to move by a corresponding amount at the time of frosting and to stop at the moving position, it is possible to accurately grasp the amount of frosting without complicating the configuration.
[0035]
Here, in the embodiment of the present invention, the engaging piece 48 is fixedly disposed on the rod-shaped support body 14, the guide body 28 is disposed integrally with the slope 12a of the natural ground, and the guide body is The amount of frost heaving is measured by moving it against the rod-shaped support under the frost on the ground. However, it is sufficient that the guide body 28 and the engagement piece 48 are relatively displaceable under the freezing of the natural ground 12 without the rod-like support body 14, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to this. Conversely, the engaging piece 48 may be fixedly disposed on the structure 16 and the guide body 28 may be disposed integrally with the rod-shaped support 14.
[0036]
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the combination of the guide body 28, the frost heave recording body 26, and the engagement piece 48 is provided at four positions separated by an equal angle, but this number is not limited to this. It is good also as one of 1-3 places.
[0037]
Furthermore, in the embodiment of the present invention, an example in which the structure 16 is constructed on the slope 12a of the natural ground is shown, but it is sufficient that the guide body 28 can be moved integrally with the slope, The presence or absence of this structure is not particularly limited. That is, according to the present invention, it is not limited after the construction of the structure 16, and before the construction of the structure, the amount of frost heaving on the slope 12a of the natural ground that is the object can be measured and grasped in advance. Therefore, also from this point, optimization of the protection measures on the slope can be ensured.
[0038]
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, as a means for recording on the guide body 28 the freezing start point of the engaging piece 48, and thus the natural ground 12, the start point recording body 32 that can move and stop with respect to the guide body is provided. However, it is sufficient if the position of the engaging piece with respect to the guide body when it is not frozen can be clearly understood. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the guide body may be attached by attaching a tape or the like to the guide body, or writing with a pen. You may clarify the position at the time of non-freezing of the engagement piece with respect to a body.
[0039]
However, as in the embodiment of the present invention, by providing at least the stopping start point recording body 32, it is possible to easily record the position when the engagement piece 48 is not frozen on the guide body 28. The installation work of the frost heave measuring device 50 can be facilitated.
[0040]
By the way, in the present invention, it is sufficient that the frost heave recording body 26 is movable with respect to the guide body 28 and can be stopped at the moving position. Various combinations such as a combination of the above can be used for the frost heap recording body and the guide body.
[0041]
Here, in the present invention, for example, the frost heave recording body 26 and the guide body 28 are formed from a commercially available binding band. Usually, the binding band has a band body with one side surface as an uneven surface, and an engaging piece that can be engaged with the uneven surface of the band body, and is composed of a stopper portion provided at one end of the band body, In the embodiment of the present invention, by separating the band main body and the stopper part of the binding band by cutting or the like, the band main body is used as the guide body 28 and the stopper part is used as the frost heave recording body 26, respectively. Yes.
[0042]
Needless to say, the stopper part of the binding band can also be used as the starting point recording body 32.
[0043]
The above-described embodiments are for explaining the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. All modifications, alterations, and the like within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the present invention. It goes without saying that it is done.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the frost heap recording body is moved on the guide body following the frost heave only when the ground is frozen, and when the ground is restored, the recovery is not followed. Since this frost heave record is left at the frost heap reaching point, the frost heap reaching point of the natural mountain, and hence the amount of freezing of the natural mountain can be clearly grasped. Therefore, it is possible to easily optimize the slope protection measures from grasping the amount of frost heaving on the ground.
[0045]
Further, in the present invention, the frost heave recording body is placed on the natural ground with a placement length exceeding a presumed frost heave region, and is fixed to the ground support or the slope of the natural ground. If the engaging piece is fixedly provided so that it can be engaged and interlocked only when the ground is frozen, and the guide body is integrally provided on the other side of the engaging piece. Therefore, it is possible to accurately grasp the amount of frost heaving on the ground without complicating the structure.
[0046]
If the starting point recording body that records the freezing point of the natural ground on the guide body is provided so that it can be stopped at least, the position of the natural ground in the non-freezing position relative to the guide body can be easily recorded. And easy installation work.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a frost heaving amount measuring instrument having a frost heaving amount measuring structure according to the present invention during non-freezing.
FIG. 2 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of placing a rod-like support.
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a modified example of placing the rod-shaped support.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a frost heave measurement structure and a frost heap measurement device during frost heave.
FIG. 5 is a partially exploded schematic perspective view of a frost heaving amount measuring device having a frost heaving amount measuring structure.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a frost heave measurement structure and a frost heap measurement device upon return.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Freezing amount measurement structure
12
12a slope
14 Rod support
16 Structure
26 Frozen record
28 Guide body
32 Origin record
48 engagement piece
50 Freezing amount measuring device

Claims (6)

棒状支持体を、予め想定された凍上領域を越える打設長で地山に打設、定着させることによって、地山の凍上を、この棒状支持体の浮き上がりを伴うことなく発生させ、
地山の凍上時にのみ棒状支持体、および法面のいずれか一方に連動される凍上記録体を、この他方に一体的に配された直線状のガイド体に対し、その凍上時に対応量だけ移動させることにより、非凍上時に記録された凍上起点から、地山の凍上到達点でガイド体上に停留された凍上記録体までの距離として、この地山の凍上量を測定する凍上量測定方法。
By placing and fixing the rod-shaped support on the ground with a placement length exceeding the assumed frost heave region, the frost on the ground is generated without the lifting of the rod-shaped support,
Only when a natural mountain is frozen, a rod-like support and a frozen object that is linked to one of the slopes are moved by a corresponding amount to the linear guide that is integrated with the other. A frost heave measurement method that measures the amount of frost heaving of this natural ground as the distance from the frost heave starting point recorded at the time of non-freezing to the frost heave recorded on the guide body at the reaching point of the natural ground.
棒状支持体が、その測定対象となる地山において予め想定された凍上領域を越える打設長で、その地山に打設、定着され、
直線状のガイド体と;このガイド体上を移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能に設けられた凍上記録体と;の組み合わせのうち、凍上記録体が、棒状支持体、および地山の法面のいずれか一方に固定的に設けられた係合片に、地山の凍上時にのみ係合、連動可能に配設されるとともに、ガイド体が、係合片の設けられた一方に対する他方に一体的に配された凍上量測定構造。
The rod-shaped support is placed and fixed on the natural ground with a placement length that exceeds the frost heap previously assumed in the natural ground to be measured,
Of the combinations of a linear guide body; and a frost heave recording body provided so as to be able to move on the guide body and to be stopped at the moving position; The engaging piece is fixedly provided on one of the surfaces, and is engaged and interlocked only when the ground is frozen, and the guide body is provided on the other side of the engaging piece. Integrated frost heave measurement structure.
起点記録体が、ガイド体上に少なくとも停留可能に設けられ、地山の非凍上時、この起点記録体を、凍上記録体に反する側で係合片に接触させて配設した請求項2記載の凍上量測定構造。3. The starting point recording body is provided on the guide body so as to be able to stop at least, and when the ground is not frozen, the starting point recording body is disposed in contact with the engagement piece on the side opposite to the frosting recording body. Frost heave measurement structure. 棒状支持体の挿通される挿通孔をその中央部に有し、この棒状支持体の挿通を伴って、地山の法面に対して固定的に設置されるベースプレートと;
挿通孔周りで、このベースプレートに固定、立設された支柱と;
この支柱に対して固定的に離間支持された直線状のガイド体と;
このガイド体上を移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能に形成、配設された凍上記録体と;
ベースプレートの挿通孔を介して延出された棒状支持体に固定され、地山の凍上時にのみ凍上記録体に係合、連動可能に、ガイド体との交差方向に延出された係合片と;
を備えた凍上量測定器。
A base plate having an insertion hole through which the rod-shaped support is inserted at the center thereof, and being fixedly installed on the slope of the natural ground with the insertion of the rod-shaped support;
A support column fixed and standing on the base plate around the insertion hole;
A linear guide body fixedly supported with respect to the support;
A frost heave recording body formed and arranged so as to be movable on the guide body and to be able to stop at the moving position;
An engagement piece that is fixed to a rod-like support extending through the insertion hole of the base plate, and that engages and interlocks with the frost heave recording body only when the mountain is frozen, and extends in a direction intersecting the guide body. ;
A frost heaving meter equipped with
棒状支持体の挿通される挿通孔をその中央部に有し、この棒状支持体の挿通を伴って、地山の法面に対して固定的に設置されるベースプレートと;
棒状支持体に固定された直線状のガイド体と;
このガイド体上を移動可能、かつその移動位置で停留可能に形成、配設された凍上記録体と;
挿通孔周りで、ベースプレートに固定、立設された支柱と;
この支柱に対して固定され、地山の凍上時にのみ凍上記録体に係合、連動可能に、ガイド体との交差方向に延出された係合片と;
を備えた凍上量測定器。
A base plate having an insertion hole through which the rod-shaped support is inserted at the center thereof, and being fixedly installed on the slope of the natural ground with the insertion of the rod-shaped support;
A linear guide fixed to a rod-shaped support;
A frost heave recording body formed and arranged so as to be movable on the guide body and to be able to stop at the moving position;
A support column fixed around the base plate around the insertion hole;
An engagement piece fixed to the support and extending in a direction intersecting with the guide body so as to engage and interlock with the frost heave recording body only when the ground is frozen.
A frost heaving meter equipped with
ガイド体上で少なくとも停留可能な起点記録体が、凍上記録体に反する側での係合片に対する接触のもとで、ガイド体上に停留して配設された請求項4または5記載の凍上量測定器。6. The refrigeration according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the starting recording body which can be stopped at least on the guide body is stopped and disposed on the guide body in contact with the engaging piece on the side opposite to the frosting recording body. Quantity measuring instrument.
JP2000256853A 2000-08-28 2000-08-28 Freezing amount measurement method, freezing amount measurement structure and freezing amount measurement device Expired - Lifetime JP4371341B2 (en)

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JP6071577B2 (en) * 2013-01-22 2017-02-01 日鐵住金建材株式会社 Slope change detection structure in slope stabilization method
CN111174974B (en) * 2020-02-17 2021-07-30 燕山大学 A vehicle suspension heave measurement method and system
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