JP4374085B2 - Ischemic reperfusion brain injury alleviator - Google Patents
Ischemic reperfusion brain injury alleviator Download PDFInfo
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- JP4374085B2 JP4374085B2 JP30822898A JP30822898A JP4374085B2 JP 4374085 B2 JP4374085 B2 JP 4374085B2 JP 30822898 A JP30822898 A JP 30822898A JP 30822898 A JP30822898 A JP 30822898A JP 4374085 B2 JP4374085 B2 JP 4374085B2
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、突然の虚血による脳神経細胞死を軽減する効果を持つ組成物に関し、さらに詳しくは、脳卒中のような急性の脳血流量低下による脳障害の軽減を目的とした虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ブルニ(A.Bruni) らはウシの脳から抽出したホスファチジルセリンをマウスの尾静脈に注射すると、脳内グルコース濃度が対照群の約4倍に上昇することを報告している(Nature,vol.260,p.331,1976) 。また、このウシの脳から抽出したホスファチジルセリンを12週間経口投与することによって、記憶力の低下を示した老齢ラットの行動を改善することが報告されている(A.Zanotti et al.,Psychopharmacology Berl.,vol.99,p316,1989)。
【0003】
更に、ヒトでの臨床試験でも、ウシ脳ホスファチジルセリンがアルツハイマー病や老年期の記憶障害に有効なことが二重盲検−プラセボ試験で報告されている(P.J.Delwaide et al.,Acta Neurol.Scand.,vol.73,p.136,1986;R.R.Engel et al.,Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol.,vol.2,p.123,1993) 。
【0004】
一方、特開平6−279311号公報には、合成法により得られた特定の脂肪酸組成を有するホスファチジルセリンがプロテイン・キナーゼC−アイソザイムの活性化作用に基づき老人性痴呆症の治療用途に期待できることが述べられているが、その有効性はインビボ(in vivo) では明かではない。
【0005】
また、ドイツ公開特許DE4117629号及びEP0396080号公報にも、合成法により得られたホスファチジルセリンが脳内グルコースの上昇作用等を有することが開示されている。
【0006】
更に、本出願人はウシ以外の動物の脳由来のホスファチジルセリンがげっ歯類においてスコポラミン誘発性の記憶障害を改善することを特開平8−198754号公報に開示しており、また、大豆レシチン、菜種レシチン、卵黄レシチン由来の転移型ホスファチジルセリンがげっ歯類の脳内グルコース上昇作用及びスコポラミン誘発記憶障害の改善作用を有することを特開平8−133984号公報に開示している。
【0007】
このように、ホスファチジルセリンの投与がアルツハイマー病や老人性の記憶障害等に有効であることは既に報告されているが、脳卒中のような急性の脳血流量低下による脳神経細胞死に対する効果に関しては、未だ報告がない。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
脳虚血、脳出血やクモ膜下出血などは脳の急性障害の大部分を占めるものであり、一度脳が損傷を受けた場合の治療は困難で、根本的な治療法はない。このため、これら急性脳障害を軽減・予防できる薬剤が期待されている。
【0009】
本発明者らは鋭意研究の結果、ホスファチジル−L−セリンを、予め投与することにより、虚血による虚血再潅流性脳障害を軽減又は予防できることを見出し、本発明に至った。
【0010】
即ち、本発明は、突然の虚血による脳神経細胞死を軽減する虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤、さらに詳しくは、脳卒中のような急性の脳血流量低下による脳障害を軽減する虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤を得ることを目的としている。また、本発明は、上記脳障害の軽減剤として、コスト面、供給面においても大きな制限のない虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤を得ることを目的としている。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本請求項1に記載された発明に係る虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤は、ホスファチジル−L−セリン又はその塩を有効成分とするものである。
【0012】
本請求項2に記載された発明に係る虚血再潅流性能障害軽減剤は、ホスファチジル−L−セリンの構成脂肪酸が大豆レシチン由来である転移型ホスファチジル−L−セリン又はその塩を有効成分とするものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤では、被検体に予めホスファチジル−L−セリン又はその塩を投与することにより、突然の虚血再潅流性脳障害によって発生する神経細胞死を抑制することができる。従って、投与された被検体の虚血による脳障害を軽減又は予防することができる。
【0014】
ホスファチジル−L−セリンの塩としては、薬学上許容し得る塩の形で用いればよい。具体的には、ナトリウム塩,カリウム塩,マグネシウム塩,アンモニウム塩等があるが、ナトリウム塩,カリウム塩が好ましい。
【0015】
ホスファチジル−L−セリン又はその塩の投与は、後述する実施例では、経口投与で行われたが、静脈内投与でも有効である。また、他の脂質、糖、タンパク質等の賦形剤を混ぜて、扱い易さや保存性を向上させたカプセル状や顆粒剤に加工しても良い。更に、安全性の点でも問題がないので、日常摂取する飲食品中に配合して充分に摂取させることができるため、突然の虚血再潅流性脳障害による脳機能障害を低減することに有効である。
【0016】
更に、本発明に係る虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤の脂肪酸組成と虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減効果との関係は必ずしも明確ではないが、少なくとも、後述する実施例で効果を確認した大豆レシチン由来の転移型ホスファチジル−L−セリンが有効であることが認められた。
【0017】
本発明に係るホスファチジル−L−セリン又はその塩は、レシチンを原料として転移反応によって得られる転移型ホスファチジル−L−セリンであり、原料となる大豆レシチンを始めとする各種レシチン等から常法の有機溶媒を用いた精製操作によって、ホスファチジル−L−セリンを製造することができる。
【0018】
原料として用いる大豆レシチン等については、何れも動物脳から分離精製されるホスファチジル−L−セリンに比べてはるかに大量にまた安価に提供可能であり、また供給面での量的問題も少ない。更に、クロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病や狂牛病等の感染のおそれもない。
【0019】
また、大豆レシチン等由来の転移型ホスファチジル−L−セリンは適当な精製処理工程に付し、不純物を除いて用いることが望ましいが、投与上の問題や効果を阻害するような問題がない限り、原料由来や生成工程での不純物を含んだまま用いても良い。
【0020】
【実施例】
海馬は、学習・記憶に重要な役割を果たしている脳組織の1つであり、また、虚血や酸素欠乏により損傷を受けやすく、その結果、記憶障害が生じることが、ヒト、及び実験動物において種々報告されている。最近、脳血管性痴呆に対する抗健忘薬のスクリーニングとして、脳虚血動物モデルが、再現性よく前脳部に虚血巣を作製できることで広く利用されている。この中で、Pulsinelli and Brierley が報告した両側の椎骨及び総頸動脈閉塞によるラットの一過性脳虚血モデル(桐野高明;海馬と遅延性神経細胞死: Clin. Neurosci., 12,61-65(1994))、更には、椎骨頸動脈焼灼の手間を省くため、Willis動脈輪に形成不全を有する砂ネズミの脳虚血モデル(Kirino, T., Tamura,A. and Sano, K.;Selective vulnerability of the hippocampus to ischemia-reversible and irreversible types of ischemic cell damage. : Brain Research. 63, 39-58(1985))がよく知られている。
【0021】
今回、大豆転移型ホスファチジルセリン(以下、「SB・tPS」と記す)の動物における薬効評価の一環として、虚血動物モデルとして繁用されている砂ネズミを用いて、脳虚血に伴う海馬錐体細胞障害に対する作用を検討した。即ち、砂ネズミの脳虚血モデルを用い、また、虚血後の4,5日の経過を経て生じる海馬CA1領域における遅延性神経細胞死を指標にして、SB・tPS連日経口投与による作用について検討を行った。
【0022】
1.準備
用いた動物は、14週齢の雄性砂ネズミを日本エスエルシー(株)より購入し、室温24±2℃、湿度55±10%、12時間明暗サイクル(8:30〜20:30明期)の条件下で1週間予備飼育した。砂ネズミは、ステンレススチール製ケージ内で4〜5匹飼いとし、飼育用飼料MF(オリエンタル酵母社製)と水とを自由に摂取させた。
【0023】
使用した試料(大豆転移型ホスファチジルセリン(SB・tPS))は、次のようにして調製したものを使用した。即ち、大豆レシチンとL−セリンの混合液にホスホリパーゼDを作用させ、反応後の溶液を溶媒分画することにより純度95%のホスファチジル−L−セリンを得た。また、投与に際しては、純度95%のものを注射用蒸留水に懸濁後、超音波処理して使用した。
【0024】
実験操作は次の通りである。まず、動物モデルで脳虚血状態を引き起こすため、次の操作を行った。2%ハロセン麻酔下、砂ネズミを背位に固定した。両側の頸動脈を周囲の組織から剥離し、各々に糸を掛けた。その後、1%のハロセン麻酔下にて、糸を軽く持ち上げながら、杉田式クリップを両側の頸動脈に装着させた。37℃の保温マットにて、5分、或いは15分間止血を行った後、クリップを外し血流を再開させた。開創部位を縫合した後、動物をホームケージに戻した。
【0025】
2.SB・tPS経口投与
砂ネズミ(33匹)を2群に分け、PS投与群と蒸留水投与群(対照群)とした。投与群は、脳虚血処理の前にSB・tPS(240mg/kg)を1日1回、5日間、経口投与した。その後、この砂ネズミを上記方法に従って、脳虚血再潅流処理した。翌日から行動観察、体重の変化、及び生死の確認を行った後、10日目に生存していた動物を切迫屠殺した。なお、対照群についても、同様の方法で脳虚血再潅流処理を行い、10日目に生存していた動物を切迫屠殺した。
【0026】
3.病理組織学的検査
観察期間終了後、砂ネズミをエーテル麻酔下にて開腹、開胸後、左心室から2%パラホルムアルデヒド及び2.5%グルタールアルデヒド混合固定液にて灌流固定した。脳を摘出後、10%緩衝ホルマリン液で固定、パラフィン包埋を経て、ヘマトキシリン・エオジン染色標本を作製した。
【0027】
得られた標本を光学顕微鏡下にて観察し、海馬CA1領域における錐体細胞の障害の程度を以下の5段階でスコア化することで評価した。
スコア 0 : 全く障害なし。
スコア 1 : わずかな細胞の壊死。
スコア 2 : 小範囲な細胞の壊死。
スコア 3 : 広範囲な細胞の壊死。
スコア 4 : 全細胞の消失。
【0028】
4.統計処理
得られたデータは一元配置の分散分析(ANOVA)を行い、PS投与群と対照群間の効果の比較は、Dunnett型多重比較検定によって統計処理をし、危険率5%以下を有意差ありと判定した。
【0029】
5.虚血時間の設定
ハロセン麻酔下にて5分間と15分間との虚血による海馬CA1領域における錐体細胞の障害の程度を比較した。その結果、5分虚血では20例中、8例に、片側のみの障害、或いは、スコア1,2程度の軽度の障害等虚血が不完全と思われる組織像が認められた。それに対し、15分虚血では、虚血が不完全と思われる組織像が認められたのは、22例中、4例であり、残りの18例では、ほぼ完全な錐体細胞の消失が認められた。このことより、SB・tPSの錐体細胞障害に対する効果の検証には、15分間虚血を行った。
【0030】
6.脳虚血による海馬錐体細胞障害に対するSB・tPS投与の作用
偽手術群においては、障害は全く認められなかった。蒸留水のみを投与した群(16例)のうち、虚血後10日間の観察期間中、死亡例(4例)と不完全な虚血例(2例)を除いた10例の細胞障害のスコアは、平均3.90±0.32(S.D.)であった。それに対し、SB・tPS投与群(17例)のうち、虚血後10日間の観察期間中、死亡例(1例)と不完全な虚血例(1例)を除いた15例のうち、細胞障害のスコアは、平均3.27±0.70(S.D.)であり、蒸留水投与群に比べ有意に細胞障害が軽減されていた(表1)。なお、血流再開後10日間の一般行動、及び体重変化に、両群間で差は認められなかった。
【0031】
【表1】
【0032】
7.考察
以上示した通り、脳虚血前にSB・tPS(240mg/kg/日)を5日間投与することにより、海馬CA1錐体細胞の障害の程度を軽減することが示された。このメカニズムについては、動物における基礎データの不足から、現時点では、的確な説明はできない。ただ、マウスを使用した実験で、SB・tPS投与により脳内グルコースが増加することが報告されていることから、機序の一つに、虚血によって生じるATP等高エネルギーリン酸化合物の産生障害に対し、保護的な作用が考えられる。しかしながら、詳細は不明である。
【0033】
一方、一過性脳虚血後、血流再開通によって起きる早期の現象として、細胞外グルタミン酸の増加とその受容体への結合→細胞内カルシウムイオンの上昇→脂質過酸化や一酸化窒素(NO)の増加→ラジカルの発生が挙げられている。よって、SB・tPSの遅延性神経細胞死の抑制作用については、今後、それら1つ1つの現象について詳細な検討が必要と考える。
【0034】
以上のように、砂ネズミ脳虚血モデルを用い、SB・tPS経口投与による海馬錐体細胞障害に対する作用を検討した結果、脳虚血前にSB・tPS(240mg/kg)を連日投与することにより、海馬CA1錐体細胞の障害の程度を軽減することが示された。このことより、SB・tPSが脳血管障害に伴う学習・記憶障害の改善に有効である可能性が示唆された。
【0035】
【発明の効果】
本発明は以上説明した通り、突然の虚血による脳神経細胞死を軽減する虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤、さらに詳しくは、脳卒中のような急性の脳血流量低下による脳障害を軽減する虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤を得ることができる。本発明は、上記脳障害の軽減剤として、コスト面、供給面においても大きな制限のない虚血再潅流性脳障害軽減剤を得ることができるという効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composition having an effect of reducing cerebral nerve cell death due to sudden ischemia, and more specifically, ischemia-reperfusion for the purpose of reducing brain damage caused by acute cerebral blood flow reduction such as stroke. It relates to a cerebral disorder reducing agent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Bruni et al. Reported that when phosphatidylserine extracted from bovine brain was injected into the tail vein of mice, the brain glucose concentration was increased about 4 times that of the control group (Nature, vol. 260, p.331,1976). Moreover, it has been reported that phosphatidylserine extracted from the bovine brain is orally administered for 12 weeks to improve the behavior of aged rats showing decreased memory (A. Zanotti et al., Psychopharmacology Berl. , vol.99, p316, 1989).
[0003]
Furthermore, in a human clinical trial, bovine brain phosphatidylserine is reported to be effective in Alzheimer's disease and old age memory impairment in a double-blind-placebo study (PJDelwaide et al., Acta Neurol.Scand. , vol. 73, p. 136, 1986; RREngel et al., Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol., vol. 2, p. 123, 1993).
[0004]
On the other hand, in JP-A-6-279911, phosphatidylserine having a specific fatty acid composition obtained by a synthesis method can be expected for therapeutic use for senile dementia based on the activation action of protein kinase C-isoenzyme. Although stated, its effectiveness is not clear in vivo.
[0005]
In addition, German published patent DE 4117629 and EP 0396080 also disclose that phosphatidylserine obtained by a synthesis method has an action of raising brain glucose and the like.
[0006]
Furthermore, the present applicant has disclosed that phosphatidylserine derived from the brain of animals other than bovine improves scopolamine-induced memory impairment in rodents, as disclosed in JP-A-8-198754, JP-A-8-133984 discloses that rapeseed lecithin and egg yolk lecithin-derived metastatic phosphatidylserine have an action to raise brain glucose in rodents and to improve scopolamine-induced memory impairment.
[0007]
Thus, it has already been reported that the administration of phosphatidylserine is effective for Alzheimer's disease, senile memory impairment, etc., but regarding the effect on cerebral nerve cell death due to acute cerebral blood flow reduction such as stroke, There are no reports yet.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Cerebral ischemia, cerebral hemorrhage, subarachnoid hemorrhage, etc. account for the majority of acute brain damage, and once the brain is damaged, it is difficult to treat and there is no fundamental cure. Therefore, a drug that can reduce or prevent these acute brain disorders is expected.
[0009]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that ischemia-reperfusion brain injury due to ischemia can be reduced or prevented by pre-administration of phosphatidyl-L-serine, leading to the present invention.
[0010]
That is, the present invention relates to an agent for reducing ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury that reduces cerebral nerve cell death due to sudden ischemia, and more particularly, ischemia relieving that reduces cerebral injury caused by a decrease in acute cerebral blood flow such as stroke. The purpose is to obtain an agent for reducing perfusion brain damage. Another object of the present invention is to obtain an ischemia / reperfusion brain injury alleviating agent that is not greatly limited in terms of cost and supply as the above-mentioned brain injury reducing agent.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The agent for reducing ischemia / reperfusion cerebral injury according to the invention described in claim 1 comprises phosphatidyl-L-serine or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.
[0012]
The ischemia / reperfusion performance disorder alleviating agent according to the present invention described in claim 2 comprises, as an active ingredient, transferred phosphatidyl-L-serine or a salt thereof in which the constituent fatty acid of phosphatidyl-L-serine is derived from soybean lecithin. Is.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the agent for reducing ischemia / reperfusion brain injury of the present invention, phosphatidyl-L-serine or a salt thereof is administered to a subject in advance to suppress neuronal cell death caused by sudden ischemia / reperfusion brain injury. be able to. Therefore, it is possible to reduce or prevent brain damage due to ischemia of the administered subject.
[0014]
The salt of phosphatidyl-L-serine may be used in the form of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt. Specific examples include sodium salts, potassium salts, magnesium salts, and ammonium salts, with sodium salts and potassium salts being preferred.
[0015]
Administration of phosphatidyl-L-serine or a salt thereof was performed by oral administration in Examples described later, but it is also effective by intravenous administration. Moreover, you may mix with excipient | fillers, such as another lipid, saccharide | sugar, and protein, and may process it into the capsule form and granule which improved the ease of handling and the preservability. In addition, since there is no problem in terms of safety, it can be mixed well into daily foods and drinks, so it can be sufficiently consumed, effective in reducing brain dysfunction due to sudden ischemia-reperfusion brain injury It is.
[0016]
Furthermore, the relationship between the fatty acid composition of the agent for reducing ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury and the effect for reducing ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury according to the present invention is not necessarily clear, but at least the soybean whose effect was confirmed in the examples described later It was confirmed that lecithin-derived transferred phosphatidyl-L-serine was effective.
[0017]
The phosphatidyl-L-serine or a salt thereof according to the present invention is a transferred phosphatidyl-L-serine obtained by a transfer reaction using lecithin as a raw material, and is a conventional organic material from various lecithins including soybean lecithin as a raw material. Phosphatidyl-L-serine can be produced by a purification operation using a solvent.
[0018]
Soybean lecithin or the like used as a raw material can be provided in a much larger amount and at a lower cost than phosphatidyl-L-serine separated and purified from animal brains, and there are few quantitative problems in terms of supply. Furthermore, there is no risk of infection such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or mad cow disease.
[0019]
In addition, transferred phosphatidyl-L-serine derived from soybean lecithin or the like is preferably subjected to an appropriate purification treatment step and used without impurities, but unless there is a problem that inhibits administration problems or effects, You may use it with the impurity in a raw material origin or a production | generation process included.
[0020]
【Example】
The hippocampus is one of the brain tissues that play an important role in learning and memory, and is easily damaged by ischemia and oxygen deprivation, resulting in memory impairment in humans and experimental animals. Various reports have been made. Recently, as a screening for anti-amnesic drugs for cerebrovascular dementia, cerebral ischemia animal models have been widely used because they can produce ischemic foci in the forebrain with good reproducibility. Among them, a transient cerebral ischemia model by bilateral vertebrae and common carotid artery occlusion reported by Pulsinelli and Brierley (Takaaki Kirino; Hippocampus and delayed neuronal cell death: Clin. Neurosci., 12,61-65 (1994)), and further, a model of cerebral ischemia in sand mice with dysplasia in the Willis artery ring (Kirino, T., Tamura, A. and Sano, K .; Selective Vulnerability of the hippocampus to ischemia-reversible and irreversible types of ischemic cell damage.: Brain Research. 63, 39-58 (1985)).
[0021]
In this study, as part of the evaluation of the efficacy of soy transfer-type phosphatidylserine (hereinafter referred to as “SB · tPS”) in animals, a hippocampus associated with cerebral ischemia was used using a sand mouse that has been frequently used as an ischemic animal model. The effect on somatic cell damage was examined. In other words, using the cerebral ischemia model of sand mice and the delayed neuronal cell death in the hippocampal CA1 region that occurs after the course of 4 or 5 days after ischemia as an index, Study was carried out.
[0022]
1. The animal used for the preparation was a 14-week-old male sand mouse purchased from Nippon SLC Co., Ltd., at a room temperature of 24 ± 2 ° C., a humidity of 55 ± 10%, and a 12 hour light-dark cycle (8: 30-20: 30 light period) ) For 1 week. Sand mice were kept at 4-5 in a stainless steel cage, and were allowed to freely feed breeding feed MF (manufactured by Oriental Yeast Co., Ltd.) and water.
[0023]
The sample used (soybean transfer type phosphatidylserine (SB · tPS)) prepared as follows was used. That is, phospholipase D was allowed to act on a mixed solution of soybean lecithin and L-serine, and the solution after the reaction was subjected to solvent fractionation to obtain phosphatidyl-L-serine having a purity of 95%. For administration, a product having a purity of 95% was suspended in distilled water for injection and then subjected to ultrasonic treatment.
[0024]
The experimental procedure is as follows. First, the following operation was performed to cause cerebral ischemia in an animal model. Under 2% halothane anesthesia, sand mice were fixed in the dorsal position. Bilateral carotid arteries were detached from the surrounding tissue and each was threaded. Then, under 1% halothane anesthesia, Sugita clips were attached to the carotid arteries on both sides while gently lifting the thread. After stopping hemostasis for 5 minutes or 15 minutes with a 37 ° C. heat retention mat, the clip was removed to resume blood flow. After suturing the wound site, the animal was returned to the home cage.
[0025]
2. The SB / tPS orally administered sand mice (33 mice) were divided into two groups, a PS administration group and a distilled water administration group (control group). In the administration group, SB · tPS (240 mg / kg) was orally administered once a day for 5 days before the cerebral ischemia treatment. Thereafter, this sand mouse was subjected to cerebral ischemia reperfusion treatment according to the above-mentioned method. From the next day, after behavioral observation, change in body weight, and confirmation of life and death, the animals that survived on the 10th day were slaughtered. In the control group, cerebral ischemia / reperfusion treatment was performed in the same manner, and animals that survived on the 10th day were slaughtered.
[0026]
3. After completion of the histopathological examination observation period, the sand mouse was laparotomized under ether anesthesia, the thoracotomy was performed, and perfusion was fixed from the left ventricle with 2% paraformaldehyde and 2.5% glutaraldehyde mixed fixative. After removing the brain, the sample was fixed with 10% buffered formalin solution and embedded in paraffin to prepare a hematoxylin / eosin stained specimen.
[0027]
The obtained specimen was observed under an optical microscope, and the degree of cone cell damage in the hippocampal CA1 region was evaluated by scoring in the following five stages.
Score 0: No obstacle at all.
Score 1: slight cell necrosis.
Score 2: a small range of cell necrosis.
Score 3: extensive necrosis of cells.
Score 4: loss of whole cells.
[0028]
4). Statistical processing The obtained data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and the effects of the PS administration group and the control group were statistically processed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test. It was determined that there was.
[0029]
5. Setting of ischemic time The degree of damage of pyramidal cells in the hippocampal CA1 region due to ischemia between 5 minutes and 15 minutes under halothane anesthesia was compared. As a result, in 5 out of 20 cases with 5 minutes ischemia, histological images in which ischemia seemed to be incomplete, such as damage on only one side or mild damage with a score of about 1 or 2 were observed in 8 cases. On the other hand, in 15 minutes ischemia, histological images that were considered to be incomplete ischemia were observed in 4 of 22 cases, and in the remaining 18 cases, almost complete disappearance of pyramidal cells was observed. Admitted. From this, ischemia was performed for 15 minutes to verify the effect of SB · tPS on pyramidal cell damage.
[0030]
6). Effect of SB / tPS administration on hippocampal pyramidal cell damage due to cerebral ischemia No sham operation group was observed. Among the group administered with distilled water only (16 cases), 10 cases of cell damage except for death cases (4 cases) and incomplete ischemia cases (2 cases) during the observation period of 10 days after ischemia The score averaged 3.90 ± 0.32 (SD). On the other hand, among the 15 cases excluding death cases (1 case) and incomplete ischemia cases (1 case) during the observation period of 10 days after ischemia in the SB / tPS administration group (17 cases), The average cytotoxicity score was 3.27 ± 0.70 (SD), and the cytotoxicity was significantly reduced as compared to the distilled water administration group (Table 1). In addition, there was no difference between the two groups in general behavior and weight change for 10 days after resumption of blood flow.
[0031]
[Table 1]
[0032]
7). Discussion As described above, it was shown that administration of SB · tPS (240 mg / kg / day) for 5 days before cerebral ischemia reduces the degree of damage to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. This mechanism cannot be accurately explained at this time due to the lack of basic data in animals. However, in experiments using mice, it has been reported that glucose in the brain increases by administration of SB · tPS, so one of the mechanisms is the impaired production of high-energy phosphate compounds such as ATP caused by ischemia. On the other hand, a protective effect can be considered. However, details are unknown.
[0033]
On the other hand, as an early phenomenon that occurs after transient cerebral ischemia, the increase in extracellular glutamate and its binding to the receptor → the increase in intracellular calcium ion → lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide (NO) ) Increase → generation of radicals. Therefore, regarding the inhibitory action of SB · tPS on delayed neuronal cell death, it is considered that detailed examination of each of these phenomena is necessary in the future.
[0034]
As described above, the effect of hippocampal pyramidal cell damage by oral administration of SB • tPS was examined using a murine cerebral ischemia model. As a result, SB • tPS (240 mg / kg) was administered daily before cerebral ischemia. Was shown to reduce the degree of damage to hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells. This suggests that SB · tPS may be effective in improving learning / memory disorders associated with cerebrovascular disorders.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention relates to an agent for reducing ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury that reduces cerebral nerve cell death due to sudden ischemia, and more specifically, an imaginary effect that reduces cerebral injury caused by a decrease in acute cerebral blood flow such as stroke. A blood reperfusion brain injury alleviating agent can be obtained. The present invention has an effect that an agent for reducing ischemia-reperfusion brain injury that is not greatly limited in terms of cost and supply can be obtained as the agent for reducing brain injury.
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| JP30822898A JP4374085B2 (en) | 1998-10-29 | 1998-10-29 | Ischemic reperfusion brain injury alleviator |
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