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JP4374144B2 - How to reuse hardened cement - Google Patents
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JP4374144B2 - How to reuse hardened cement - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4374144B2
JP4374144B2 JP2001036403A JP2001036403A JP4374144B2 JP 4374144 B2 JP4374144 B2 JP 4374144B2 JP 2001036403 A JP2001036403 A JP 2001036403A JP 2001036403 A JP2001036403 A JP 2001036403A JP 4374144 B2 JP4374144 B2 JP 4374144B2
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Prior art keywords
cement
solid content
content
solid
hardened cement
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JP2002241153A (en
Inventor
啓一 三浦
剛章 大神
務 鈴木
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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Taiheiyo Cement Corp
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • C04B18/16Waste materials; Refuse from building or ceramic industry
    • C04B18/167Recycled materials, i.e. waste materials reused in the production of the same materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/10Compositions or ingredients thereof characterised by the absence or the very low content of a specific material
    • C04B2111/1018Gypsum free or very low gypsum content cement compositions
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、廃棄コンクリート等に含まれる硫酸塩を分解して除去し、これらをセメント原料として再利用する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
コンクリート製構造物の取り壊しや、コンクリート舗装道路の補修等によって大量の廃棄コンクリートが発生する。また、生コン工場からは多量の生コンスラッジが排出される。これらの廃棄コンクリートは、従来、その一部が骨材や路盤の下地材料などに再利用されているものの、大部分は埋め立て処理されている。しかし、近年、埋め立て処分場を確保することが次第に難しく、その対策が急務である。一方、生コンスラッジ、廃棄コンクリート、または廃棄モルタル等はそもそもセメント原料から造られており、これらをセメント原料として再利用することが期待される。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、廃棄コンクリート等の硬化セメントにはセメント原料成分の他に添加した石膏に由来する硫酸塩が含まれている。このため、硬化セメントの粉砕物をそのままセメント原料として用いると、セメントクリンカの焼成時にこの硫酸塩が分解して亜硫酸ガスを生じ、これがカルシウムやその他のアルカリと反応してアルカリ塩を生成する。このアルカリ塩を含む空気がプレヒータ等で冷却されると、アルカリ塩が内壁に付着して凝縮し、閉塞等のトラブルが多発する問題がある。また、硫酸塩の含有量が多いものはセメントクリンカーに過剰な硫酸分を持ち込むことになり、セメント成分を適切な範囲に整えるうえで好ましくない。従って、セメント原料としての使用量が制限される。
【0004】
本発明は、廃棄コンクリートや廃棄モルタルなどの再利用を妨げる上記問題を解決したものであり、廃棄コンクリート等に含まれる硫酸塩を分解して除去し、これらをセメント原料として再利用する方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は(1)硬化セメント粉砕物を強アルカリ溶液に混合してスラリー化することにより、セメント中の硫酸塩を分解して固形分のSO3含有量を低減し、これを固液分離して回収した固形分をセメント原料として再利用することを特徴とする方法に関する。
【0006】
本発明の上記再利用方法は以下の態様を含む。
(2)硬化セメント粉砕物を水酸化ナトリウム溶液に混合してスラリー化し、セメント中の硫酸塩を分解して硫酸成分を溶出させることにより、固形分のSO3含有量を0.8wt%以下に低減し、これを固液分離して硫酸成分を含む液分を除去する一方、固形分を回収してセメント原料として再利用する上記(1)の再利用方法。
(3)固形分のSO3含有量を0.6wt%以下に低減して、該固形分を回収する上記(1)または(2)の再利用方法。
(4)硬化セメントが生コンスラッジ、廃棄コンクリート、または廃棄モルタルであり、これから骨材を分離した硬化セメントの粉砕物を用いる上記(1)または(2)の再利用方法。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を実施形態に即して詳細に説明する。
本発明の再利用方法は、硬化セメント粉砕物を強アルカリ溶液に混合してスラリー化することにより、セメント中の硫酸塩を分解して固形分のSO3含有量を低減し、これを固液分離して回収した固形分をセメント原料として再利用することを特徴とする方法である。
【0008】
硬化セメントとは生コンスラッジ、廃棄コンクリート、または廃棄モルタルなどのように硬化したセメント組成物を云う。これらを粉砕して骨材を取り除き、溶解し易いように好ましくは0.15mm以下の微粉にする。この粉砕物は水酸化ナトリウム溶液と混合してスラリーにするのでコンクリートの種類は制限されない。重量コンクリート、普通コンクリート、軽量コンクリートの何れでも良い。また、このスラリーから回収した固形物はセメント原料として成分を調整して用いるので、硬化セメントに使用されているセメントの種類も制限されない。
【0009】
強アルカリ水溶液としてはpH13以上のスラリーを形成するアルカリ水溶液を用いる。具体的には、例えば1mol/リットル濃度以上の水酸化ナトリウム溶液が用いられる。硬化セメントの粉砕物を水酸化ナトリウム溶液に混合してスラリー化すると、例えば次式に示すように、硬化セメントに含まれる未反応の石膏が分解されて水酸化カルシウムの沈澱と硫酸ナトリウムを生じる。この水酸化カルシウムは固形分として残り、硫酸ナトリウムはイオン化して液中に溶解する。なお、セメント水和物も適宜分解される。スラリー化温度は室温でよい。スラリーの固液比は適度な濾過性を有するように50〜200g/リットルが好ましい。
CaSO4+2NaOH → Ca(OH)2↓+Na2SO4
【0010】
水酸化ナトリウムの濃度は4mol/リットルが適当であり、概ねpH13以上、具体的にはpH13.4〜13.7の強アルカリのスラリーにするのが好ましい。単位時間あたりの石膏の除去率(固形分に含まれる石膏の残留率)は水酸化ナトリウムの濃度によって異なり、水酸化ナトリウムの濃度が高いほど石膏の除去率が高い。具体的には、例えば、SO3換算で1.54wt%の石膏を含む硬化セメント粉砕物を水酸化ナトリウム溶液に混合して30分間攪拌した場合、水酸化ナトリウム濃度1mol/リットルの溶液を用いると固形分のSO3含有量は約1wt%(除去率約28wt%)であるが、水酸化ナトリウム濃度4mol/リットルの溶液を用いると固形分のSO3含有量は約0.77wt%(除去率約50wt%)に半減する。なお、水酸化ナトリウム濃度が8mol/リットル以上では、固形分のSO3除去率は概ね75%以上である。
【0011】
セメント原料として用いる場合、スラリー固形分のSO3含有量は少ないほど好ましいが、実用的な観点から0.8wt%以下が適当であり、0.6wt%以下が好ましい。一般に廃棄コンクリート等には概ね1.5〜1.6wt%程度の硫酸塩が含まれているが、この含有量では、これを未処理のまま用いると実用上、セメント原料の約35〜40%程度しか代替できない。固形分のSO3含有量を0.8wt%以下、好ましくは0.6wt%以下に低減すると、他の成分とのバランスにもよるが、概ねセメント原料の70〜80wt%をこの固形分によって代替できるようになる。
【0012】
硬化セメント粉砕物を強アルカリ水溶液に混合してスラリー化した後に固液分離する。この混合時に攪拌してスラリーを均一化するのが好ましい。攪拌時間は制限されない。概ね30分程度で良い。固液分離手段も制限されない。分離後、回収した固形分を水洗してNa+等のアルカリ分、および硫酸イオン(SO4 ++)を洗い流す。分離した液分は硫酸イオンを含み、概ねpH13前後のアルカリ性溶液であるので、これに酸を加えて中和した後に排水する。一方、回収した固形分は乾燥し、セメント原料として再利用する。
【0013】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によって具体的に示す。
〔実施例1〕
廃棄コンクリートから骨材を取り除いた粉砕物(平均粒径0.15mm以下、)5.0kgを用い、これを室温下で、濃度1〜8mol/リットルの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100リットルに混合し、30分攪拌して固液比50g/リットルのスラリー(pH:13.4〜13.7)とした。このスラリーを固液分離し、固形分4.8kgを回収した。この固形分に含まれるSO3量を表1に示した。この結果に示すように、廃棄コンクリート粉砕物を濃度4mol/リットル以上の水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてスラリー化したものは、コンクリートに含まれるSO3分の約40%〜約62%が除去され、セメント原料として適当なSO3含有量0.8wt%以下、好ましくは0.6wt%以下の固形分を回収することができる。
【0014】
【表1】

Figure 0004374144
【0015】
〔実施例2〕
生コン工場から発生した廃棄コンクリートスラッジを乾燥し、軽度に解砕した粉末10kgを用い、これを実施例1と同様に室温下で、濃度2〜8mol/リットルの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液100リットルに混合し、60分間攪拌して固液比100g/リットルのスラリーとした。このスラリーを固液分離し、固形分9.5kgを回収した。この固形分に含まれるSO3量を表2に示した。
【0016】
【表2】
Figure 0004374144
【0017】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、廃棄コンクリートや廃棄モルタル、生コンスラッジなどの硬化コンクリートを強アルカリ溶液に混合してスラリー化することにより、硬化コンクリートに含まれる硫酸塩が分解除去され、スラリー固形分に含まれるSO3量が大幅に低減するので、これをセメント原料として再利用することができる。従って、これまで廃棄処分されていた廃棄コンクリートや廃棄モルタル、生コンスラッジなどをセメント原料として再資源化することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of decomposing and removing sulfates contained in waste concrete and reusing them as cement raw materials.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A large amount of waste concrete is generated by demolition of concrete structures and repair of concrete paved roads. In addition, a large amount of ready-mixed sludge is discharged from the ready-mix factory. Conventionally, most of these waste concretes are reused as aggregates or base materials for roadbeds, but most of them are landfilled. However, in recent years, it has become increasingly difficult to secure a landfill site and countermeasures are urgently needed. On the other hand, raw consludge, waste concrete, waste mortar, etc. are originally made from cement raw materials, and these are expected to be reused as cement raw materials.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, hardened cement such as waste concrete contains sulfate derived from gypsum added in addition to the cement raw material components. For this reason, when the pulverized hardened cement is used as a raw material for cement as it is, the sulfate is decomposed to produce sulfurous acid gas when the cement clinker is fired, and this reacts with calcium and other alkalis to produce an alkali salt. When the air containing the alkali salt is cooled by a preheater or the like, there is a problem that the alkali salt adheres to the inner wall and condenses, causing troubles such as blockage. In addition, when the content of sulfate is large, an excessive amount of sulfuric acid is brought into the cement clinker, which is not preferable for adjusting the cement component to an appropriate range. Therefore, the amount used as a cement raw material is limited.
[0004]
The present invention solves the above-described problems that hinder the reuse of waste concrete and waste mortar, and provides a method for decomposing and removing sulfates contained in waste concrete and reusing them as cement raw materials. The purpose is to do.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention (1) mixes a hardened cement pulverized product with a strong alkaline solution to make a slurry, thereby decomposing sulfate in the cement to reduce the solid content of SO 3. The present invention relates to a method characterized by reusing a solid content separated and recovered as a cement raw material.
[0006]
The reuse method of the present invention includes the following aspects.
(2) The hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution to make a slurry, and the sulfate in the cement is decomposed to elute the sulfuric acid component, so that the SO 3 content in solids is reduced to 0.8 wt% or less. The recycling method of (1) above, wherein the liquid component containing the sulfuric acid component is removed by solid-liquid separation and the solid component is recovered and reused as a cement raw material.
(3) The recycling method according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the solid content is recovered by reducing the SO 3 content of the solid content to 0.6 wt% or less.
(4) The recycling method according to the above (1) or (2), wherein the hardened cement is green concrete sludge, waste concrete, or waste mortar, and the hardened cement pulverized material from which the aggregate has been separated is used.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to embodiments.
In the recycling method of the present invention, the hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with a strong alkaline solution and slurried to decompose the sulfate in the cement to reduce the solid content of SO 3. The solid content separated and recovered is reused as a cement raw material.
[0008]
Hardened cement refers to a cement composition that has hardened, such as green cement sludge, waste concrete, or waste mortar. These are pulverized to remove aggregates, and are preferably made into a fine powder of 0.15 mm or less so as to be easily dissolved. Since this pulverized product is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution to form a slurry, the type of concrete is not limited. Any of heavy concrete, ordinary concrete, and lightweight concrete may be used. Moreover, since the solid substance collect | recovered from this slurry adjusts and uses a component as a cement raw material, the kind of cement currently used for the hardening cement is not restrict | limited.
[0009]
As the strong alkaline aqueous solution, an alkaline aqueous solution that forms a slurry having a pH of 13 or more is used. Specifically, for example, a sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 1 mol / liter or more is used. When the hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution to form a slurry, unreacted gypsum contained in the hardened cement is decomposed to produce calcium hydroxide precipitates and sodium sulfate, for example. This calcium hydroxide remains as a solid, and sodium sulfate is ionized and dissolved in the liquid. Cement hydrate is also decomposed as appropriate. The slurrying temperature may be room temperature. The solid-liquid ratio of the slurry is preferably 50 to 200 g / liter so as to have an appropriate filterability.
CaSO 4 + 2NaOH → Ca (OH) 2 ↓ + Na 2 SO 4
[0010]
The concentration of sodium hydroxide is suitably 4 mol / liter, and it is preferably a strong alkali slurry having a pH of about 13 or more, specifically, a pH of 13.4 to 13.7. The removal rate of gypsum per unit time (the residual rate of gypsum contained in the solid content) varies depending on the concentration of sodium hydroxide, and the higher the concentration of sodium hydroxide, the higher the removal rate of gypsum. Specifically, for example, when a hardened cement pulverized product containing 1.54 wt% gypsum in terms of SO 3 is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution and stirred for 30 minutes, a solution having a sodium hydroxide concentration of 1 mol / liter is used. The solid content of SO 3 is about 1 wt% (removal rate is about 28 wt%), but when a solution having a sodium hydroxide concentration of 4 mol / liter is used, the solid content of SO 3 is about 0.77 wt% (removal rate). About 50 wt%). When the sodium hydroxide concentration is 8 mol / liter or more, the SO 3 removal rate of the solid content is approximately 75% or more.
[0011]
When used as a cement raw material, the lower the SO 3 content of the solid content of the slurry, the better. However, from a practical viewpoint, 0.8 wt% or less is appropriate, and 0.6 wt% or less is preferable. Generally, waste concrete and the like generally contain about 1.5 to 1.6 wt% of sulfate, but if this content is used untreated, it is practically about 35 to 40% of cement raw material. It can only be substituted. If the solid content of SO 3 is reduced to 0.8 wt% or less, preferably 0.6 wt% or less, 70-80 wt% of the cement raw material is replaced by this solid content, depending on the balance with other components. become able to.
[0012]
The hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with a strong alkaline aqueous solution to form a slurry, followed by solid-liquid separation. It is preferable to homogenize the slurry by stirring during the mixing. The stirring time is not limited. Approximately 30 minutes is sufficient. The solid-liquid separation means is not limited. After separation, the recovered solid content is washed with water to wash away alkali components such as Na + and sulfate ions (SO 4 ++ ). Since the separated liquid contains sulfate ions and is an alkaline solution having a pH of approximately 13 or so, it is neutralized by adding acid thereto and then drained. On the other hand, the collected solid is dried and reused as a cement raw material.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described by way of examples.
[Example 1]
Use 5.0 kg of crushed material (average particle size 0.15 mm or less) from which aggregate is removed from waste concrete and mix it with 100 liters of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of 1 to 8 mol / liter at room temperature for 30 minutes. The mixture was stirred to obtain a slurry (pH: 13.4 to 13.7) having a solid / liquid ratio of 50 g / liter. This slurry was subjected to solid-liquid separation, and a solid content of 4.8 kg was recovered. The amount of SO 3 contained in this solid content is shown in Table 1. As shown in this result, about 40% to about 62% of SO 3 contained in the concrete is removed when the waste concrete pulverized product is slurried with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide having a concentration of 4 mol / liter or more. A solid content with an SO 3 content of 0.8 wt% or less, preferably 0.6 wt% or less, suitable as a cement raw material can be recovered.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004374144
[0015]
[Example 2]
The waste concrete sludge generated from the ready-mix factory was dried and mixed with 10 kg of lightly crushed powder, and this was mixed with 100 liters of an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of 2 to 8 mol / liter at room temperature in the same manner as in Example 1. The mixture was stirred for 60 minutes to give a slurry having a solid / liquid ratio of 100 g / liter. This slurry was subjected to solid-liquid separation, and a solid content of 9.5 kg was recovered. The amount of SO 3 contained in this solid content is shown in Table 2.
[0016]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004374144
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, by mixing hardened concrete such as waste concrete, waste mortar, and raw consludge with a strong alkaline solution to form a slurry, the sulfate contained in the hardened concrete is decomposed and removed, resulting in a slurry solid content. Since the amount of SO 3 contained is greatly reduced, it can be reused as a cement raw material. Therefore, it is possible to recycle waste concrete, waste mortar, and ready-mixed sludge that has been disposed of up to now as cement raw materials.

Claims (4)

硬化セメント粉砕物を強アルカリ溶液に混合してスラリー化することにより、セメント中の硫酸塩を分解して固形分のSO3含有量を低減し、これを固液分離して回収した固形分をセメント原料として再利用することを特徴とする方法。The hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with a strong alkaline solution and slurried to decompose the sulfate in the cement to reduce the SO 3 content of the solids. A method characterized by being reused as a raw material for cement. 硬化セメント粉砕物を水酸化ナトリウム溶液に混合してスラリー化し、セメント中の硫酸塩を分解して硫酸成分を溶出させることにより、固形分のSO3含有量を0.8wt%以下に低減し、これを固液分離して硫酸成分を含む液分を除去する一方、固形分を回収してセメント原料として再利用する請求項1の再利用方法。The hardened cement pulverized product is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution to make a slurry, and the sulfate in the cement is decomposed to elute the sulfuric acid component, thereby reducing the SO 3 content of the solids to 0.8 wt% or less. The recycling method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid component containing a sulfuric acid component is removed by solid-liquid separation, and the solid content is recovered and reused as a cement raw material. 固形分のSO3含有量を0.6wt%以下に低減して、該固形分を回収する請求項1または2の再利用方法。The recycling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the solid content is recovered by reducing the SO 3 content of the solid content to 0.6 wt% or less. 硬化セメントが生コンスラッジ、廃棄コンクリート、または廃棄モルタルであり、これから骨材を分離した硬化セメントの粉砕物を用いる請求項1または2の再利用方法。The recycling method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hardened cement is green concrete sludge, waste concrete, or waste mortar, and a hardened cement pulverized product from which aggregate has been separated is used.
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