Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP4377486B2 - Gas turbine fuel oil - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP4377486B2 - Gas turbine fuel oil - Google Patents

Gas turbine fuel oil Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4377486B2
JP4377486B2 JP23863699A JP23863699A JP4377486B2 JP 4377486 B2 JP4377486 B2 JP 4377486B2 JP 23863699 A JP23863699 A JP 23863699A JP 23863699 A JP23863699 A JP 23863699A JP 4377486 B2 JP4377486 B2 JP 4377486B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
less
fuel oil
liter
content
diameter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP23863699A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2001064659A (en
JP2001064659A5 (en
Inventor
浩 平野
喜右衛門 小出
貞憲 澤田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd filed Critical Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd
Priority to JP23863699A priority Critical patent/JP4377486B2/en
Publication of JP2001064659A publication Critical patent/JP2001064659A/en
Publication of JP2001064659A5 publication Critical patent/JP2001064659A5/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4377486B2 publication Critical patent/JP4377486B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Landscapes

  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ガスタービン用燃料油に関し、さらに詳しくは、煤の発生が少なく、かつタービン翼の腐食を効果的に抑制することができ、特に大型ガスタービン用として好適な燃料油に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ガスタービンは高効率で、排ガスが清浄であるうえに、メンテナンスが容易であることなどから、近年産業用ガスタービンコージェネとして急速に普及しつつある。
このガスタービンにおいては、従来、使用する燃料油中の硫黄分や金属分(灰分)が、タービン翼の腐食を引き起こすことが知られているが、それ以外の腐食の原因は明らかではなく、タービン翼の腐食の観点からは、充分な性能を有する燃料油は、これまで見出されていないのが実状である。
従来、タービン用燃料としては、主として灯油とA重油が用いられている。ここで灯油は、硫黄分,金属分(灰分),煤の発生及び微粒きょう雑物が極めて少なく、ガスタービン翼の腐食が少ない燃料であるが、発熱量が低いという欠点を有している。一方、A重油は、一般に安定供給の点で優れており、かつ灯油に比較して高い発熱量を有しているが、硫黄分,金属分(灰分),煤の発生及び微粒きょう雑物が多いという欠点を有している。したがって、現在は、硫黄分や金属分(灰分)の含有量の少ないA重油が、ガスタービン用燃料油として用いられているが、タービン翼の腐食の観点からは、必ずしも充分に満足しうるものではない。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、このような状況下で、比較的発熱量が高く、硫黄分や金属分(灰分)が少ない上、煤の発生が少なく、しかもタービン翼の腐食を効果的に抑制しうるガスタービン用燃料油を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記の好ましい性質を有するガスタービン用燃料油を開発すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、燃料油中の微粒きょう雑物が、タービン翼の腐食に対して大きな影響を与えることに着目し、この微粒きょう雑物の含有量がある値以下、特に特定の粒径の微粒きょう雑物の含有量がある値以下であり、かつ90%留出温度がある値以下である燃料油が、その目的に適合しうることを見出した。本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて完成したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、90%留出温度が360℃以下であり、かつ微粒きょう雑物の含有量が10.0mg/リットル以下であることを特徴とするガスタービン用燃料油、特に好ましくは、直径5μm未満の微粒きょう雑物の個数が1000万個/リットル以下、直径5〜15μmの微粒きょう雑物の個数が1000万個/リットル以下及び直径15μmを越える微粒きょう雑物の個数が100万個/リットル以下であるガスタービン用燃料油を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のガスタービン用燃料油においては、90%留出温度は360℃以下である。この温度が360℃を超えると煤の発生が多くなり、本発明の目的が達せられない。また、微粒きょう雑物の含有量は10.0mg/リットル以下である。この含有量が10.0mg/リットルを超えるとタービン翼の腐食抑制効果が不充分となり、本発明の目的が達せられない。この微粒きょう雑物の好ましい含有量は、5.0mg/リットル以下である。なお、該微粒きょう雑物とは、粒径が0.8〜100μm程度のものを指す。
【0006】
本発明においては、上記微粒きょう雑物の含有量としては、タービン翼の腐食を効果的に抑制する点から、下記の条件を満たすことが、特に有利である。すなわち、直径5μm未満の微粒きょう雑物の個数が、好ましくは1000万個/リットル以下、より好ましくは500万個/リットル以下、さらに好ましくは250万個/リットル以下で、かつ直径5〜15μmの微粒きょう雑物の個数が、好ましくは1000万個/リットル以下、より好ましくは500万個/リットル以下、さらに好ましくは200万個/リットル以下であり、かつ直径15μmを越える微粒きょう雑物の個数が、好ましくは100万個/リットル以下、より好ましくは50万個/リットル以下、さらに好ましくは20万個/リットル以下である。
さらに、目開き5μm以下のフィルターを通過させることにより、粒径の大きな微粒きょう雑物を除去してなる燃料油が、煤の発生抑制及びタービン翼の腐食抑制の観点から好適である。
【0007】
また、本発明の燃料油は、上記の性状に加え、以下に示す性状を有するものが、ガスタービン用として好適である。
まず、密度(15℃)は、0.820〜0.890g/ミリリットルの範囲にあるのが好ましい。この密度が0.820g/ミリリットル未満では充分な発熱量が得られないおそれがあり、0.890g/ミリリットルを超えると煤の発生が多くなる傾向がある。硫黄分は、硫黄酸化物による腐食を抑制する点から0.1重量%以下が好ましく、また腐食抑制面から、反応は中性であるのが好ましい。引火点は、取扱いの安全性の面から60℃以上が好ましく、50℃における動粘度は、燃焼性の面から、1.5〜5.0mm2 /秒の範囲にあるのが好ましい。さらに、10%残留炭素分は、税法上の面、煤の発生及び微粒きょう雑物の抑制の面から、0.21〜0.70重量%の範囲にあるのが好ましい。そして、粒径の小さな微粒きょう雑物を低減させる点から、残留炭素源のうち、脱硫重油(DSRC)と接触分解残渣油(CLO)由来のものは、好ましくは50容量%未満、より好ましくは25容量%以下、さらに好ましくは10容量%以下である。また、総発熱量は、灯油に対する優位性の点から、38,300kJ/リットル以上が好ましい。水分は、通常0.1容量%以下である。
なお、上記諸物性は、後述の方法に従って測定した値である。
【0008】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明は、これらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1,2及び比較例1,2
目開き5μmのフィルター(ろ過面積:152mmφ×368リットルのマイクロカートリッジ120本)を用い、ろ過速度120キロリットル/hrの条件で各燃料油をろ過して、第1表に示す性状のものを調製し、実施例1,2及び比較例2のものについては、下記のガスタービンによる燃焼テストを行い、バッハラッカ数を求めた。その結果を第1表に示す。
【0009】
<ガスタービンによる燃焼テスト>
一軸オープンサイクルガスタービン(出力1500kW)を用い、負荷:1200〜1250kW、タービン吸気温度:18.9〜21.0℃、タービン出口排気ガス温度:520〜533℃、燃料流量:530〜540リットル/hr、蒸気発生:3.98〜4.10kg/hrの条件にてガスタービンによる燃焼テストを行い、バッハラッカ数を求めた。
【0010】
比較例3
フィルターろ過を行わずに、第1表に示す性状の燃料油を調製した。なお、ガスタービンによる燃焼テストは行わなかった。
比較例4
燃料油として灯油を用いた。その性状を第1表に示す。なお、ガスタービンによる燃焼テストは行わなかった。
【0011】
【表1】

Figure 0004377486
【0012】
【表2】
Figure 0004377486
【0013】
[注]諸物性の測定は、下記の方法に従い行った。
(1)密度(15℃):JIS K2249に準拠
(2)硫黄分:JIS K2541に準拠
(3)90%留出温度:JIS K2254に準拠
(4)灰分:JIS K2272に準拠
(5)水分:JIS K2275に準拠
(6)反応:JIS K2252に準拠
(7)引火点:JIS K2265に準拠
(8)動粘度(50℃):JIS K2283に準拠
(9)発熱量:JIS K2279に準拠
(10)10%残留炭素分:JIS K2270に準拠
(11)微粒きょう雑物含有量:JIS K2276に準拠
(12)微粒きょう雑物の粒径毎の個数:レーザー光散乱回折法(粒度分布測定装置)
【0014】
第1表から分かるように、比較例1のものは、残留炭素源がDSRC由来のものであって、微粒きょう雑物含有量が規定値を超えており、また、直径5μm未満の微粒きょう雑物の個数及び直径5〜15μmの微粒きょう雑物の個数が実施例のものに比べて多い。比較例2のものは、90%留出温度が規定値を超えており、そしてガスタービンによる燃焼テストにおいてバッハラッカ数が高い。比較例3のものは、フィルターろ過を行っていないので、微粒きょう雑物の含有量が規定値を超えており、そして直径15μmを超える微粒きょう雑物の個数が実施例のものより著しく多い。比較例4のものは灯油であり、発熱量が、他の例のものに比べてかなり低い。
【0015】
【発明の効果】
本発明のガスタービン用燃料油は、比較的発熱量が高く、硫黄分や金属分(灰分)が少ない上、微粒きょう雑物が少なく、煤の発生が抑制されると共に、タービン翼の腐食を効果的に抑制することができ、特に大型ガスタービン用として好適である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel oil for a gas turbine, and more particularly to a fuel oil that is less likely to generate soot and that can effectively suppress the corrosion of turbine blades and that is particularly suitable for a large gas turbine. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Gas turbines are becoming increasingly popular as industrial gas turbine cogeneration in recent years because of their high efficiency, clean exhaust gas, and easy maintenance.
In this gas turbine, it has been known that sulfur and metal (ash) in the fuel oil to be used cause corrosion of the turbine blades, but other causes of corrosion are not clear. From the viewpoint of wing corrosion, a fuel oil having sufficient performance has not been found so far.
Conventionally, kerosene and heavy fuel oil A are mainly used as turbine fuels. Here, kerosene is a fuel that generates very little sulfur, metal (ash), soot, and fine impurities, and that does not corrode gas turbine blades. However, kerosene has the drawback of low calorific value. On the other hand, A heavy oil is generally superior in terms of stable supply and has a higher calorific value than kerosene, but it contains sulfur, metal (ash), soot generation, and fine impurities. There are many disadvantages. Therefore, currently, A heavy oil with a low content of sulfur and metal (ash) is used as fuel oil for gas turbines, but from the viewpoint of turbine blade corrosion, it is not necessarily satisfactory. is not.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Under such circumstances, the present invention is a gas turbine that has a relatively high calorific value, low sulfur content and metal content (ash content), little soot generation, and can effectively suppress the corrosion of turbine blades. It aims to provide fuel oil for use.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to develop a fuel oil for gas turbines having the above-mentioned preferable properties, the present inventors have found that fine impurities in the fuel oil have a great influence on the turbine blade corrosion. In particular, the fuel in which the content of the fine particles is less than a certain value, in particular, the content of the fine particles of a specific particle size is less than the certain value and the 90% distillation temperature is less than the certain value. We have found that the oil can fit its purpose. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.
That is, the present invention provides a gas turbine fuel oil characterized by having a 90% distillation temperature of 360 ° C. or less and a fine dust content of 10.0 mg / liter or less. The number of fine particles having a diameter of less than 5 μm is 10 million pieces / liter or less, the number of fine particles having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm is 10 million pieces / liter or less, and the number of fine particles having a diameter of more than 15 μm is 1,000,000. The fuel oil for gas turbines which is less than 1 piece / liter is provided.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the gas turbine fuel oil of the present invention, the 90% distillation temperature is 360 ° C. or lower. If this temperature exceeds 360 ° C., the generation of soot increases and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. The content of fine impurities is not more than 10.0 mg / liter. If this content exceeds 10.0 mg / liter, the effect of inhibiting the corrosion of the turbine blade becomes insufficient, and the object of the present invention cannot be achieved. The preferable content of the fine particles is 5.0 mg / liter or less. The fine particles refer to those having a particle size of about 0.8 to 100 μm.
[0006]
In the present invention, it is particularly advantageous that the content of the fine dusts satisfies the following condition from the viewpoint of effectively suppressing the corrosion of the turbine blade. That is, the number of fine impurities having a diameter of less than 5 μm is preferably 10 million pieces / liter or less, more preferably 5 million pieces / liter or less, further preferably 2.5 million pieces / liter or less, and a diameter of 5 to 15 μm. The number of fine contaminants is preferably 10 million pieces / liter or less, more preferably 5 million pieces / liter or less, even more preferably 2 million pieces / liter or less, and the number of fine foreign matters having a diameter of more than 15 μm. However, it is preferably 1 million pieces / liter or less, more preferably 500,000 pieces / liter or less, and still more preferably 200,000 pieces / liter or less.
Further, a fuel oil obtained by removing fine impurities having a large particle diameter by passing through a filter having an opening of 5 μm or less is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing generation of soot and corrosion of turbine blades.
[0007]
In addition to the above properties, the fuel oil of the present invention having the following properties is suitable for gas turbines.
First, the density (15 ° C.) is preferably in the range of 0.820 to 0.890 g / ml. If this density is less than 0.820 g / milliliter, a sufficient calorific value may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.890 g / milliliter, the generation of soot tends to increase. The sulfur content is preferably 0.1% by weight or less from the viewpoint of inhibiting corrosion by sulfur oxides, and the reaction is preferably neutral from the viewpoint of inhibiting corrosion. The flash point is preferably 60 ° C. or more from the viewpoint of handling safety, and the kinematic viscosity at 50 ° C. is preferably in the range of 1.5 to 5.0 mm 2 / sec from the viewpoint of combustibility. Further, the 10% residual carbon content is preferably in the range of 0.21 to 0.70% by weight in terms of tax law, generation of soot and suppression of fine impurities. And from the point of reducing fine particles of small particle size, among the residual carbon sources, those derived from desulfurized heavy oil (DSRC) and catalytic cracking residue oil (CLO) are preferably less than 50% by volume, more preferably It is 25 volume% or less, More preferably, it is 10 volume% or less. The total calorific value is preferably 38,300 kJ / liter or more from the viewpoint of superiority to kerosene. The water content is usually 0.1% by volume or less.
In addition, the said various physical properties are the values measured according to the below-mentioned method.
[0008]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by these examples.
Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2
Each fuel oil is filtered using a filter with a mesh opening of 5 μm (filtration area: 120 micro cartridges with a diameter of 152 mmφ × 368 liters) at a filtration rate of 120 kiloliters / hr to prepare the properties shown in Table 1. And about the thing of Examples 1, 2 and the comparative example 2, the combustion test by the following gas turbine was done, and the number of Baharakka was calculated | required. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0009]
<Combustion test with gas turbine>
Using a single-shaft open-cycle gas turbine (output 1500 kW), load: 1200 to 1250 kW, turbine intake temperature: 18.9 to 21.0 ° C, turbine outlet exhaust gas temperature: 520 to 533 ° C, fuel flow rate: 530 to 540 liters / hr, steam generation: A combustion test using a gas turbine was performed under the conditions of 3.98 to 4.10 kg / hr, and the number of Baharakka was determined.
[0010]
Comparative Example 3
The fuel oil having the properties shown in Table 1 was prepared without filtering. A combustion test using a gas turbine was not performed.
Comparative Example 4
Kerosene was used as the fuel oil. The properties are shown in Table 1. A combustion test using a gas turbine was not performed.
[0011]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004377486
[0012]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004377486
[0013]
[Note] Various physical properties were measured according to the following methods.
(1) Density (15 ° C.): Conforms to JIS K2249 (2) Sulfur content: Conforms to JIS K2541 (3) 90% Distillation temperature: Conforms to JIS K2254 (4) Ash content: Conforms to JIS K2272 (5) Moisture: Conforms to JIS K2275 (6) Reaction: Conforms to JIS K2252 (7) Flash point: Conforms to JIS K2265 (8) Kinematic viscosity (50 ° C.): Conforms to JIS K2283 (9) Calorific value: Conforms to JIS K2279 (10) 10% residual carbon content: Conforms to JIS K2270 (11) Content of fine particles: Conforms to JIS K2276 (12) Number of fine particles per particle size: Laser light scattering diffraction method (particle size distribution measuring device)
[0014]
As can be seen from Table 1, in Comparative Example 1, the residual carbon source is derived from DSRC, the content of fine impurities exceeds the specified value, and the fine particles with a diameter of less than 5 μm. The number of objects and the number of fine particles having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm are larger than those in Examples. In Comparative Example 2, the 90% distillation temperature exceeds the specified value, and the Bharakka number is high in a combustion test using a gas turbine. Since the filter of Comparative Example 3 is not filtered, the content of fine particles exceeds the specified value, and the number of fine particles having a diameter exceeding 15 μm is significantly larger than that of Examples. The thing of the comparative example 4 is kerosene, and the emitted-heat amount is quite low compared with the thing of another example.
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
The gas turbine fuel oil of the present invention has a relatively high calorific value, low sulfur content and metal content (ash content), small amount of fine impurities, suppression of soot generation, and corrosion of turbine blades. It can be effectively suppressed and is particularly suitable for large gas turbines.

Claims (2)

目開き5μm以下のフィルターを通過させてなり、90%留出温度が360℃以下であり、総発熱量が38,300kJ/リットル以上、引火点が60℃以上、硫黄分が0.1重量%以下であって、直径0.8〜100μmの範囲の微粒きょう雑物の含有量が5.0mg/リットル以下で、かつ直径0.8〜5μm未満の微粒きょう雑物の個数が250万個/リットル以下、直径5〜15μmの微粒きょう雑物の個数が200万個/リットル以下及び直径15μmを超え100μmの微粒きょう雑物の個数が20万個/リットル以下であることを特徴とするガスタービン用燃料油。 Mesh opening becomes by passing the following filter 5 [mu] m, 90% distillation temperature is at 360 ° C. or less, the total calorific value 38,300KJ / l or more, a flash point of 60 ° C. or higher, a sulfur content of 0.1 wt% The number of fine contaminants having a diameter of 0.8 to 100 μm in the range of 0.8 to 100 μm and a fine content of less than 5.0 mg / liter and a diameter of less than 0.8 to 5 μm is 2.5 million. A gas characterized in that the number of fine particles having a diameter of 5 to 15 μm or less is 2 million pieces / liter or less, and the number of fine particles having a diameter of more than 15 μm and 100 μm is 200,000 pieces / liter or less. Turbine fuel oil. 反応が中性であり、密度(15℃)が0.820〜0.890g/ミリリットル、0℃における動粘度が1.5〜5.0mmThe reaction is neutral, the density (15 ° C.) is 0.820 to 0.890 g / ml, and the kinematic viscosity at 0 ° C. is 1.5 to 5.0 mm. 22 /秒、10%残留炭素分が0.21〜0.70重量%の範囲である請求項1記載のガスタービン用燃料油。The gas turbine fuel oil according to claim 1, wherein 10% residual carbon content is in the range of 0.21 to 0.70 wt%.
JP23863699A 1999-08-25 1999-08-25 Gas turbine fuel oil Expired - Fee Related JP4377486B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23863699A JP4377486B2 (en) 1999-08-25 1999-08-25 Gas turbine fuel oil

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP23863699A JP4377486B2 (en) 1999-08-25 1999-08-25 Gas turbine fuel oil

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001064659A JP2001064659A (en) 2001-03-13
JP2001064659A5 JP2001064659A5 (en) 2006-05-18
JP4377486B2 true JP4377486B2 (en) 2009-12-02

Family

ID=17033095

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP23863699A Expired - Fee Related JP4377486B2 (en) 1999-08-25 1999-08-25 Gas turbine fuel oil

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4377486B2 (en)

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2001064659A (en) 2001-03-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106170610B (en) Exhaust gas treatment device for marine diesel engines using low-quality fuel containing high-concentration sulfur components
JP6041418B2 (en) Exhaust gas purification system for large-displacement marine diesel engines using low quality fuels below heavy oil
US20060218853A1 (en) Composition for preventing scaling, excluding of soot, clinker and sludge, and controlling flame in combustion apparatus
JP2012140928A5 (en)
JP2015200230A5 (en)
CA2476311A1 (en) Reduced-emissions combustion utilizing multiple-component metallic combustion catalyst
CN100584931C (en) Use of manganese compounds to inhibit low and high temperature corrosion in domestic and industrial combustion furnace systems
AU2004231173A1 (en) Mixed metal catalyst additive and method for use in hydrocarbonaceous fuel combustion system
WO2006078761A2 (en) Reduced-emissions combustion
EP2382380A1 (en) Methods and device for low contamination energy generation
JPWO2009075317A1 (en) Method for producing emulsified fuel using oil-containing water
BRPI0608492A2 (en) biofuel conversion process
JP4377486B2 (en) Gas turbine fuel oil
JP4334696B2 (en) Gas turbine fuel oil
JP2005336257A (en) Gas turbine fuel oil
CN106244257A (en) Multi-functional alcohol-based fuel
CN201486699U (en) An electric centrifugal air filter for recycling the tail gas of an internal combustion engine with supercharging and increasing oxygen
JP2576006B2 (en) Power generation method
Touray et al. Fuel modification based on some metals compounds and their environmental impact
JP5046696B2 (en) A heavy oil composition
US12378488B1 (en) Fuel mixture for internal combustion engines with reduced CO2 emissions and method for manufacturing the same
JP2008007615A (en) Fuel oil composition
CN1271179C (en) Nickel compound used as vanadium corrosion inhibitor and burning method using it
JP2001064659A5 (en)
JP2008007616A (en) Fuel oil composition

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060315

A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20060315

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20060315

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20090616

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20090730

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20090825

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20090911

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120918

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20120918

Year of fee payment: 3

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150918

Year of fee payment: 6

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees