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JP4385353B2 - Taste sensor - Google Patents
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JP4385353B2 - Taste sensor - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4385353B2
JP4385353B2 JP09127999A JP9127999A JP4385353B2 JP 4385353 B2 JP4385353 B2 JP 4385353B2 JP 09127999 A JP09127999 A JP 09127999A JP 9127999 A JP9127999 A JP 9127999A JP 4385353 B2 JP4385353 B2 JP 4385353B2
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Prior art keywords
taste
sensor
taste sensor
molecular
molecular film
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JP2000283947A (en
Inventor
秀和 池崎
理江子 東久保
義和 小林
悦伸 内藤
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株式会社インテリジェントセンサーテクノロジー
都甲 潔
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、両親媒性物質または苦み物質からなる分子膜によって形成され、塩味、酸味、苦味、甘味等の味覚を検知するための味覚センサにおいて、洗浄等による特性の変化を防止するための技術に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
味覚の検知を行うための味覚センサに、脂質等の両親媒性物質からなる分子膜を用いることは、特開平3−54446号(特許第2578370号)に開示されている。
【0003】
この種の味覚センサは、親水基と疎水鎖からなる脂質等の分子膜に対する味物質の吸着によって、膜の界面電位が変化することを利用したものであり、この分子膜を模式的に示すと図10のように表すことができる。
【0004】
図10において、各分子11は、球状の親水基11aと、親水基11aから原子配列が長く延びる炭化水素の疎水鎖11bとからなり、これらの各分子群が、その親水基11a側が表面側に並ぶように、膜部材12(後述の高分子と可塑剤からなる)の表面のマトリクス13(表面構造、平面的な広がりをもつミクロな構造)の中に、一部はマトリクス内部に溶け込んだ形(例えば分子11′)で収容されている。
【0005】
この分子膜は、例えば、ジオクチルフォスフェート(2C8 POOH)、トリオクチルメチル アンモニウム クロライド(TOMA)等の脂質分子あるいはニコチン、イソフムロン等の苦味物質の分子と、ベースとなる高分子および可塑剤とを所定の割合で混合して作製されたものである。
【0006】
実際の製造方法の一例をあげると、高分子にはポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)を用い、可塑剤としてフタル酸ジオクチル(DOP)、ジオクチルフェニルフォスフォネート(DOPP)あるいはリン酸トリクレシル(TCP)を用いて上記の脂質分子や苦味物質と混合したもの800mgを、THF10ccに溶解し、平底の容器(例えば85mmφのシャーレ)に移し、それを均一な加熱された板上で約30度Cに2時間保って、THFを揮散させることで厚さ約200μmの分子膜を得ることができる。
【0007】
この分子膜を実際に味覚センサとして使用する場合には、基材で支持した分子膜に電極を設け、この電極にリードを接続して、分子膜を液に漬けたときの分子膜の電位を検出できるようにしている。
【0008】
この味覚センサで味の判定等を行う場合には、味物質に対してそれぞれ異なる応答を示す複数の分子膜を設けて、味覚センサを基準液に漬けたときと検査対象液に一定時間漬けた後の各分子膜の電位変化を分子膜毎に求め、各電位変化のパターンに基づいて味の判定を行っている。
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記のような分子膜を用いた味覚センサを実際に使用していると、その特性が変動することが判明した。
【0010】
図11〜図16は、2C8系脂質のジオクチルフォスフェード(2C8 POOH)の分子膜を持つ味覚センサについて、30パーセントのエタノール液内で振動を与えて洗浄したときの膜抵抗および味物質のKCl(塩化カリウム)、酒石酸、MSG(グルタミン酸ナトリウム)およびキニーネに対する感度の変化を測定したものである。
【0011】
これらの図から明らかなように、図12のKClや図13の酒石酸に対する感度の変動は比較的少ないが、図11の膜抵抗は大きく増大し、図14のMSGに対する感度は一旦低下してから大きく上昇変動し、また、図15および図16のキニーネに対する感度は、一旦大きく上昇してから下降変動している。
【0012】
なお、図中「CPAキニーネ」は、CPA測定によるものである。CPA測定は、基準液にセンサを漬けて電圧を測定した後、センサーを検査対象液に一定時間漬けてから、再び基準液に戻して電圧を測定して、センサを検査対象液に漬ける前と漬けた後の電圧の差を測定値とする方法である。
【0013】
このように特性変動が激しいため、従来では再現性の高い測定が行えない。また、変化率の許容限度を例えば0.5パーセントとすると、キニーネの測定では800回程度の振動洗浄が限度となり、通常の測定において1測定当り20回程度の振動洗浄を行うものとすれば、40回の測定が限界となってしまい、センサを頻繁に交換しなければならない。
【0014】
本発明は、この問題を解決し、特性変動が極めて少なく、耐久性の高い味覚センサを提供することを目的としている。
【0015】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するために、本発明の味覚センサは、
高分子としてのポリ塩化ビニルと、可塑剤と、親水基と疎水鎖とを有する両親媒性物質とを混合して、前記両親媒性物質の前記親水基が表面に並ぶように固定された分子膜からなる味覚センサにおいて、
前記分子膜を形成する前記両親媒性物質の分子の疎水鎖の炭素数に対応した長さを10〜14にしたことを特徴としている。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
本願発明者は、前記味覚センサの特性変動が、分子膜の分子の溶け出しに起因していることを知った。そして、この分子の溶け出しは、分子の疎水鎖の長さによって大きく異なることを発見した。
【0017】
即ち、これまで製造、使用してきた従来の味覚センサは、分子膜の分子として、図1の(a)の分子11のように疎水鎖11bの長さRが8までのものしか使用されていない。これは、分子構造が小さいものほど分子密度を高くすることができ、感度を高くできると思われていたことによる。
【0018】
ところが、実際に図1の(b)のように親水基20aと長さRが10以上の疎水鎖20bとからなる分子20を用いた分子膜でも、感度の低下は特に感じられず、そればかりか分子の溶け出しが格段に少ないことが判明した。
【0019】
図2は、この疎水鎖の長さが10以上の分子(例えばリン酸ジ−n−デシル(2C10POOH)のような2C10系脂質)、前記高分子および前記可塑材を用い前記した製造方法によって製造した分子膜31を有する味覚センサ30を示している。この味覚センサ30は、測定の基準電圧を出力するための基準電極25とともに使用される。
【0020】
基準電極25の表面は、液体内の脂質に反応しないように、塩化カリウム100m mole/lを寒天で固定した緩衝層26で覆われており、リード線27が接続されている。
【0021】
一方、味覚センサ30の分子膜31は、アクリル等の基材32の表面に一面側を露呈させた状態で固定されており、分子膜31の反対面には、基準電極25の緩衝層26と同等の緩衝層33を介して電極34が設けられ、この電極34にはリード線35が接続されている。
【0022】
分子膜31の各分子20は、前記図10で示した分子11と同様に、親水基20a側を表面側に向けた状態で膜をなすように一体化されたものである。
【0023】
なお、図2では分子膜31が一つの味覚センサ30を示しているが、味物質に対する応答が異なる複数の分子膜を一つの味覚センサに設けてもよく、また、それぞれ異なる分子膜を有する味覚センサを複数用意して味の判定を行うこともできる。
【0024】
基準電極25のリード線27と味覚センサ30のリード線35は、差動増幅器36に接続され、基準電極25の電位を基準電位とする味覚センサ30の分子膜31の電圧が検出され、この電圧に基づいて味の判別等を行うことができる。
【0025】
図3は、この味覚センサ30と、疎水鎖の長さが8の従来の2C8系脂質の分子膜によって構成された味覚センサとの振動洗浄に対する脂質の残存量の変化を測定したものである。
【0026】
なお、比較した2つの味覚センサは、分子膜の脂質の種類(疎水鎖の長さ)が異なる以外は、前記した製造方法と同一の方法で製造されたものである。
【0027】
この図から明らかなように、脂質の残存量は、従来の2C8系脂質のセンサでは10000回程度の振動で76パーセントまで減っているのに対し、疎水鎖の長さが10の2C10系脂質のセンサでは、80000回以上の振動でも95パーセントまでしか減少していない。したがって、特性の変動も非常に少ないと予想される。
【0028】
実際にこの2C10系脂質を分子膜として用いた味覚センサ30で、前記同様に、膜抵抗や各味物質(KCl、酒石酸、MSG、キニーネ)に対する感度の変動を測定した結果を図4〜図9に示す。
【0029】
図4〜図9は、2C10系脂質の味覚センサ30を前記図11〜図16の場合と同様に30パーセントのエタノール液内で振動して洗浄したときの膜抵抗および各味物質に対する感度の変化を測定したものである。
【0030】
これら各図と、前記図11〜図16とを比較すれば明らかなように、全ての特性が従来に比べて安定化されており、特に、図4の膜抵抗の変化、図7のMSGに対する感度の変化、図8および図9のキニーネに対する感度の変化は、従来の特性に比べて格段に安定化されており、全ての特性において数万回の振動にも耐えられることを示している。
【0031】
したがって、1測定当り20回程度の振動洗浄を行うものとすれば、この味覚センサ30は1000回以上の測定に耐えられる。
【0032】
なお、同様の実験をマイナス系で疎水鎖の長さが12、16の2C12系脂質、2C16系脂質およびプラス系で疎水鎖の長さが12〜16のTOMAについて行ったが、いずれの場合でも、特性の変動がほぼ無くなり、耐久性が格段に向上した。
【0033】
ただし、疎水鎖の長さが16のものは、分子膜の分子密度が高くなり、味物質の吸着が少ない範囲でセンサの出力が飽和状態となりセンサとしての線形動作範囲が狭くなる傾向が見られた。
【0034】
したがって、味覚センサの線形動作範囲を主に使用して、複数の分子膜の電位の変化のパターンから味の分析等を行うような場合には、線形動作範囲が広く且つ洗浄に対する耐久性が高い、疎水鎖の長さが10から14までの分子を用いた味覚センサが適している。
【0035】
また、単に味の有無だけを判定するような場合には、線形動作範囲が狭くてもよいので、疎水鎖の長さが16以上のものを用いてもよく、この場合にはさらに耐久性が高くなる。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の味覚センサは、疎水鎖の長さが10以上の分子による分子膜を用いているので、洗浄等による特性の変動が極めて少なくなり、測定の再現性が格段に高くなり、耐久性も格段に高くなる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】味覚センサの分子膜を構成する分子の模式図
【図2】本発明の分子膜を用いた味覚センサの概略図
【図3】2C10系脂質の分子膜と従来の2C8系脂質の分子膜の脂質残存量の変化を示す図
【図4】2C10系脂質の膜抵抗の変動特性を示す図
【図5】2C10系脂質のKClに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図6】2C10系脂質の酒石酸に対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図7】2C10系脂質のMSGに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図8】2C10系脂質のキニーネに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図9】2C10系脂質のCPA測定によるキニーネに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図10】味覚センサに用いる分子膜の模式図
【図11】従来の2C8系脂質の膜抵抗の変動特性を示す図
【図12】従来の2C8系脂質のKClに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図13】従来の2C8系脂質の酒石酸に対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図14】従来の2C8系脂質のMSGに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図15】従来の2C8系脂質のキニーネに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【図16】従来の2C8系脂質のCPA測定によるキニーネに対する感度の変動特性を示す図
【符号の説明】
20 分子
20a 親水基
20b 疎水鎖
25 基準電極
26 緩衝層
27 リード線
30 味覚センサ
31 分子膜
32 基材
33 緩衝層
34 電極
35 リード線
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is a taste sensor formed by a molecular film made of an amphiphilic substance or a bitter substance, for detecting taste such as salty taste, sour taste, bitter taste, sweet taste, etc., and a technique for preventing changes in characteristics due to washing or the like About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
JP-A-3-54446 (Patent No. 2578370) discloses the use of a molecular film made of an amphipathic substance such as lipid as a taste sensor for detecting taste.
[0003]
This type of taste sensor utilizes the fact that the interfacial potential of the membrane changes due to the adsorption of taste substances to molecular membranes such as lipids composed of hydrophilic groups and hydrophobic chains. It can be expressed as shown in FIG.
[0004]
In FIG. 10, each molecule 11 is composed of a spherical hydrophilic group 11a and a hydrocarbon hydrophobic chain 11b whose atomic arrangement extends from the hydrophilic group 11a. Each of these molecular groups has its hydrophilic group 11a on the surface side. As shown in the figure, a part of the matrix 13 (surface structure, micro structure having a planar extension) on the surface of the membrane member 12 (consisting of a polymer and a plasticizer described later) is partially dissolved in the matrix. (For example, molecule 11 ').
[0005]
This molecular film comprises, for example, lipid molecules such as dioctyl phosphate (2C 8 POOH) and trioctylmethyl ammonium chloride (TOMA), or molecules of bitter substances such as nicotine and isohumulone, and a base polymer and a plasticizer. It is produced by mixing at a predetermined ratio.
[0006]
As an example of the actual production method, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used as the polymer, and dioctyl phthalate (DOP), dioctyl phenyl phosphonate (DOPP) or tricresyl phosphate (TCP) is used as the plasticizer. 800 mg mixed with the above lipid molecules and bitter substances are dissolved in 10 cc of THF, transferred to a flat bottom container (for example, a 85 mmφ petri dish), and kept at about 30 ° C. for 2 hours on a uniformly heated plate. Thus, a molecular film having a thickness of about 200 μm can be obtained by evaporating THF.
[0007]
When this molecular film is actually used as a taste sensor, an electrode is provided on the molecular film supported by the substrate, a lead is connected to this electrode, and the potential of the molecular film when the molecular film is immersed in a liquid is determined. It can be detected.
[0008]
When judging taste with this taste sensor, a plurality of molecular films showing different responses to taste substances are provided, and the taste sensor is immersed in a reference solution and immersed in a test solution for a certain period of time. The subsequent potential change of each molecular film is obtained for each molecular film, and the taste is determined based on the pattern of each potential change.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, it has been found that when a taste sensor using a molecular film as described above is actually used, its characteristics fluctuate.
[0010]
FIG. 11 to FIG. 16 show the membrane resistance and the taste substance KCl for a taste sensor having a molecular film of 2C8 lipid dioctyl phosphade (2C 8 POOH) when washed with vibration in 30% ethanol solution. The change in sensitivity to (potassium chloride), tartaric acid, MSG (sodium glutamate) and quinine was measured.
[0011]
As is clear from these figures, the fluctuations in sensitivity to KCl in FIG. 12 and tartaric acid in FIG. 13 are relatively small, but the membrane resistance in FIG. 11 greatly increases and the sensitivity to MSG in FIG. The sensitivity to quinine in FIG. 15 and FIG. 16 fluctuates greatly and then fluctuates.
[0012]
In the figure, “CPA quinine” is based on CPA measurement. In CPA measurement, after immersing the sensor in the reference solution and measuring the voltage, immerse the sensor in the solution to be inspected for a certain period of time and then return to the reference solution again to measure the voltage. In this method, the difference in voltage after soaking is used as a measured value.
[0013]
Since the characteristic variation is so severe, measurement with high reproducibility cannot be performed conventionally. Further, if the allowable limit of the rate of change is 0.5%, for example, the quinine measurement has a limit of about 800 vibration washings, and the normal measurement is about 20 vibration washings per measurement. Forty measurements are the limit and the sensor must be replaced frequently.
[0014]
An object of the present invention is to solve this problem and to provide a highly durable taste sensor with very little characteristic fluctuation.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the taste sensor of the present invention comprises:
A molecule in which polyvinyl chloride as a polymer, a plasticizer, an amphiphilic substance having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic chain are mixed, and the hydrophilic group of the amphiphilic substance is fixed so as to be aligned on the surface. In a taste sensor consisting of a film,
The length corresponding to the carbon number of the hydrophobic chain of the molecule of the amphiphile forming the molecular film is 10-14 .
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The inventor of the present application has found that the characteristic variation of the taste sensor is caused by the dissolution of molecules in the molecular film. They discovered that the dissolution of this molecule varies greatly depending on the length of the hydrophobic chain of the molecule.
[0017]
That is, in the conventional taste sensor that has been manufactured and used so far, only molecules having a length R of the hydrophobic chain 11b of up to 8 are used as the molecules of the molecular film, such as the molecule 11 in FIG. . This is because the smaller the molecular structure, the higher the molecular density and the higher the sensitivity.
[0018]
However, as shown in FIG. 1B, even in the molecular film using the molecule 20 composed of the hydrophilic group 20a and the hydrophobic chain 20b having a length R of 10 or more, the decrease in sensitivity is not particularly felt. It turned out that there was much less leaching of molecules.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows a production method using the molecule having a hydrophobic chain length of 10 or more (for example, 2C10 lipid such as di-n-decyl phosphate (2C 10 POOH)), the polymer and the plasticizer. 2 shows a taste sensor 30 having a molecular film 31 manufactured by The taste sensor 30 is used together with a reference electrode 25 for outputting a measurement reference voltage.
[0020]
The surface of the reference electrode 25 is covered with a buffer layer 26 in which 100 mMole / L of potassium chloride is fixed with agar so as not to react with lipid in the liquid, and a lead wire 27 is connected thereto.
[0021]
On the other hand, the molecular film 31 of the taste sensor 30 is fixed in a state where one surface side is exposed on the surface of the base material 32 such as acrylic, and the buffer layer 26 of the reference electrode 25 and the opposite surface of the molecular film 31 are formed on the surface. An electrode 34 is provided via an equivalent buffer layer 33, and a lead wire 35 is connected to the electrode 34.
[0022]
Each molecule 20 of the molecular film 31 is integrated so as to form a film with the hydrophilic group 20a facing the surface side, like the molecule 11 shown in FIG.
[0023]
In FIG. 2, the molecular film 31 shows one taste sensor 30, but a plurality of molecular films having different responses to taste substances may be provided in one taste sensor, and each taste film has a different molecular film. A plurality of sensors can be prepared for taste determination.
[0024]
The lead wire 27 of the reference electrode 25 and the lead wire 35 of the taste sensor 30 are connected to a differential amplifier 36, and the voltage of the molecular film 31 of the taste sensor 30 having the potential of the reference electrode 25 as the reference potential is detected. Based on the taste, it is possible to determine the taste.
[0025]
FIG. 3 shows the change in the residual amount of lipid with respect to vibration washing between the taste sensor 30 and a taste sensor composed of a conventional 2C8 lipid molecular film having a hydrophobic chain length of 8.
[0026]
The two taste sensors compared were manufactured by the same method as described above, except that the type of lipid (the length of the hydrophobic chain) in the molecular film was different.
[0027]
As is clear from this figure, the remaining amount of lipid in the conventional 2C8 lipid sensor decreased to 76% by about 10,000 vibrations, whereas the length of the 2C10 lipid having a hydrophobic chain length of 10 was reduced. In the sensor, the vibration is reduced to only 95% even after 80000 vibrations. Therefore, it is expected that the fluctuation of characteristics is very small.
[0028]
Actually, with the taste sensor 30 using the 2C10 lipid as a molecular film, the results of measuring the membrane resistance and the variation in sensitivity with respect to each taste substance (KCl, tartaric acid, MSG, quinine) are shown in FIGS. Shown in
[0029]
FIGS. 4 to 9 show changes in membrane resistance and sensitivity to each taste substance when the 2C10 lipid taste sensor 30 is washed in a 30 percent ethanol solution in the same manner as in FIGS. Is measured.
[0030]
As is clear from comparison between these figures and FIGS. 11 to 16, all the characteristics are stabilized as compared with the prior art. In particular, the film resistance change in FIG. 4 and the MSG in FIG. The change in sensitivity and the change in sensitivity to quinine in FIGS. 8 and 9 are much more stable than the conventional characteristics, indicating that all characteristics can withstand tens of thousands of vibrations.
[0031]
Therefore, if vibration washing is performed about 20 times per measurement, the taste sensor 30 can withstand 1000 times or more of measurement.
[0032]
The same experiment was carried out for 2C12 lipids with a negative chain length of 12 and 16, 2C12 lipids, 2C16 lipids, and TOMA with a hydrophobic chain length of 12 to 16 in either case. As a result, fluctuations in characteristics were almost eliminated, and durability was greatly improved.
[0033]
However, when the length of the hydrophobic chain is 16, the molecular density of the molecular film is high, and the sensor output is saturated and the linear operation range of the sensor tends to be narrow in a range where the adsorption of taste substances is small. It was.
[0034]
Therefore, in the case where taste analysis is performed from the pattern of potential change of a plurality of molecular films mainly using the linear operation range of the taste sensor, the linear operation range is wide and the durability against washing is high. A taste sensor using molecules having a hydrophobic chain length of 10 to 14 is suitable.
[0035]
In addition, in the case where only the presence or absence of taste is determined, the linear operation range may be narrow, so that the length of the hydrophobic chain may be 16 or more. In this case, the durability is further increased. Get higher.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the taste sensor of the present invention uses a molecular film composed of molecules having a hydrophobic chain length of 10 or more, the fluctuation in characteristics due to washing or the like is extremely reduced, and the reproducibility of measurement is remarkably increased. It becomes higher and durability becomes much higher.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a schematic diagram of molecules constituting the molecular membrane of a taste sensor. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a taste sensor using the molecular membrane of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a 2C10 lipid molecular membrane and a conventional 2C8 lipid. Fig. 4 is a graph showing changes in the residual amount of lipid in a molecular membrane. Fig. 4 is a graph showing variations in membrane resistance of 2C10 lipids. Fig. 5 is a graph showing variations in sensitivity of 2C10 lipids to KCl. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of lipids to tartaric acid. Fig. 7 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of 2C10 lipids to MSG. Fig. 8 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of 2C10 lipids to quinine. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the fluctuation characteristics of sensitivity to quinine by CPA measurement of lipids. Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of molecular membranes used in taste sensors. Fig. 11 is a graph showing fluctuation characteristics of membrane resistance of conventional 2C8 lipids. Conventional 2C8 Fig. 13 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of lipids to KCl. Fig. 13 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of conventional 2C8 lipids to tartaric acid. Fig. 14 is a graph showing the fluctuation characteristics of the sensitivity of conventional 2C8 lipids to MSG. FIG. 15 is a graph showing fluctuation characteristics of sensitivity to quinine of conventional 2C8 lipids. FIG. 16 is a graph showing fluctuation characteristics of sensitivity to quinine by CPA measurement of conventional 2C8 lipids.
20 molecule 20a hydrophilic group 20b hydrophobic chain 25 reference electrode 26 buffer layer 27 lead wire 30 taste sensor 31 molecular film 32 base material 33 buffer layer 34 electrode 35 lead wire

Claims (1)

高分子としてのポリ塩化ビニルと、可塑剤と、親水基と疎水鎖とを有する両親媒性物質とを混合して、前記両親媒性物質の前記親水基が表面に並ぶように固定された分子膜からなる味覚センサにおいて、
前記分子膜を形成する前記両親媒性物質の分子の疎水鎖の炭素数に対応した長さを10〜14にしたことを特徴とする味覚センサ。
A molecule in which polyvinyl chloride as a polymer, a plasticizer, an amphiphilic substance having a hydrophilic group and a hydrophobic chain are mixed, and the hydrophilic group of the amphiphilic substance is fixed so as to be aligned on the surface. In a taste sensor consisting of a film,
A taste sensor characterized in that the length corresponding to the carbon number of the hydrophobic chain of the molecule of the amphiphile forming the molecular film is 10-14 .
JP09127999A 1999-03-31 1999-03-31 Taste sensor Expired - Lifetime JP4385353B2 (en)

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JP5162413B2 (en) * 2008-10-30 2013-03-13 株式会社インテリジェントセンサーテクノロジー Taste sensor
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