JP4386503B2 - Cement admixture and cement composition - Google Patents
Cement admixture and cement composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4386503B2 JP4386503B2 JP23787399A JP23787399A JP4386503B2 JP 4386503 B2 JP4386503 B2 JP 4386503B2 JP 23787399 A JP23787399 A JP 23787399A JP 23787399 A JP23787399 A JP 23787399A JP 4386503 B2 JP4386503 B2 JP 4386503B2
- Authority
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- weight
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- cement admixture
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- salts
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Links
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims description 102
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- -1 oleic fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C PRAKJMSDJKAYCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019484 Rapeseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007798 antifreeze agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116226 behenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002385 cottonseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A dialuminum;hexamagnesium;carbonate;hexadecahydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]C([O-])=O GDVKFRBCXAPAQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-A 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019197 fats Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001701 hydrotalcite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960001545 hydrotalcite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940039717 lanolin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Triacontane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC JXTPJDDICSTXJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940032094 squalane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00215—Mortar or concrete mixtures defined by their oxide composition
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主に、土木・建築業界において使用されるセメント混和材及びセメント組成物に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
セメントは安価でしかも、大きなコンクリート構造物を任意の形に造れる優れた材料である。更に、セメント混和材を併用することによって、構造物の強度や耐久性を向上させることが可能である。此までにセメント混和材は数多く提案されているが、最も使用されているものとしては、コンクリートに膨張性を付与するセメント混和材がある。ここで、コンクリートとは、セメント、モルタル及びコンクリート等のセメント硬化体を総称するものである。
【０００３】
コンクリート構造物に膨張性を付与するセメント混和材としては、例えば、ＣａＯ-Ａｌ2Ｏ３-ＳＯ3系化合物を有効成分とするものが知られている(特公昭42-21840号公報，特公昭42-19473号公報，特公昭53-16007号公報等)。しかしながら、従来のＣａＯ-Ａｌ2Ｏ３-ＳＯ3系化合物を有効成分とするセメント混和材は、ＳＯ３含有量が高く、製造時に大気中に放出されるＳＯＸが問題視され、最近では、膨張性を付与するセメント混和材に要求される性能は益々高まってきており、混和率が少なくても優れた膨張性能を付与できるセメント混和材の開発が待たれている。又、従来の膨張性を付与するセメント混和材は、貯蔵によって膨張性能が大きく低下し易く、水濡れや破袋等に起因する風化や、比較的貯蔵状態が良好であっても、貯蔵期間が６ヶ月程度になると膨張性能は低下してしまうという課題があった。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、このような状況を鑑み、前記課題を解消すべく種々検討した結果、特定の膨張物質と脂肪酸及び／又はそれらの塩類を配合することによって、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好なセメント混和材とすることが可能であることを知見し、本発明を完成するに至った。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち、遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウを主要な構成化合物とし、CaO、Al2O3及びSO3の３成分からなる化学組成の百分率において、CaOが57.6〜78.0重量％、Al2O3が５〜15重量％、SO3が15.7〜27.4重量％であり、全成分の化学組成の百分率において、MgOが２重量％未満である膨張物質と、ギ酸、酢酸又はそれらの塩を除く脂肪酸及び／又はそれらの塩類とを含有してなり、セメント混和材100重量部中、膨張物質が95〜99.995重量部、ギ酸、酢酸又はそれらの塩を除く脂肪酸及び／又はそれらの塩類が0.005〜５重量部であるセメント混和材であり、遊離石灰を30重量％以上含有してなる該セメント混和材であり、遊離石灰を30〜60重量％含有してなる該セメント混和材であり、無水セッコウを40重量％以下含有してなる該セメント混和材であり、無水セッコウを21〜40重量％含有してなる該セメント混和材であり、セメントと該セメント混和材とを含有してなるセメント組成物であり、セメントと、遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウを主要な構成化合物とし、CaO、Al2O3及びSO3の３成分からなる化学組成の百分率において、CaOが57.6〜78.0重量％、Al2O3が５〜15重量％、SO3が15.7〜27.4重量％であり、全成分の化学組成の百分率において、MgOが２重量％未満である膨張物質と、ギ酸、酢酸又はそれらの塩を除く脂肪酸及び／又はそれらの塩類とを含有してなり、セメント混和材100重量部中、膨張物質が95〜99.995重量部、ギ酸、酢酸又はそれらの塩を除く脂肪酸及び／又はそれらの塩類が0.005〜５重量部であるセメント混和材とを含有してなるセメント組成物である。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を更に詳細に説明する。
【０００７】
本発明の膨張物質は、遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウを主要な構成化合物とし、ＣａＯ、Ａｌ2Ｏ3及びＳＯ3の３成分からなる化学組成の百分率において、ＣａＯが５７重量％以上、Ａｌ2Ｏ3が５〜１５重量％、ＳＯ3が２８重量％以下であり、全成分の化学組成の百分率において、ＭｇＯが２重量％未満であることを特徴としている。ＣａＯは６０〜８０重量％がより好ましく、６５〜７５重量％が更に好ましい。ＳＯ3は１０〜２５重量％がより好ましく、１５〜２０重量％が更に好ましい。ＭｇＯ量は２重量％未満であり、１．５重量％以下がより好ましい。ＭｇＯ量が２重量％以上になると、長期耐久性が悪くなる恐れがある。
【０００８】
本発明の膨張物質の構成化合物は、遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウを主要構成化合物としている。アウインとは、3CaO・3Al２O３・CaSO４で表される化合物を意味するものである。本発明では、遊離石灰含有量は30重量％以上が好ましく、30〜60重量％がより好ましい。遊離石灰含有量が30重量％未満では優れた膨張性能が得られない場合がある。又、無水セッコウ含有量は40重量％以下が好ましく、21〜40重量％がより好ましい。無水セッコウ含有量が40重量％を超えると、製造時に発生するSOＸが多くなるばかりでなく、優れた膨張性能が得られない場合がある。
【０００９】
本発明の膨張物質は、ＣａＯ原料、Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料、ＣａＳＯ4原料及びＭｇＯ原料を配合して熱処理することによって製造できる。ＣａＯ原料としては、石灰石や消石灰などが挙げられ、Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料としては、ボーキサイトやアルミ残灰などが挙げられ、ＣａＳＯ4原料としては、二水セッコウ、半水セッコウ及び無水セッコウなどが挙げられる。また、ＭｇＯ原料としては、ドロマイトやブルーサイトが挙げられる。熱処理方法としては、ロータリーキルンや電気炉等を使用することによって行うことができ、熱処理温度は１１００〜１６００℃程度の範囲が好ましく、１２００〜１４００℃程度がより好ましい。１１００℃未満では、得られたセメント混和材の膨張性能が十分でない場合があり、１６００℃を超えると揮散するＳＯXが多くなるばかりでなく、優れた膨張性能が得られない場合がある。
【００１０】
本発明において、膨張物質中の不純物の存在は、その総量が本発明の目的を実質的に阻害しない範囲、例えば、１０重量％程度以下であることが好ましい。不純物の具体例としては、ＳｉＯ2、フッ素化合物、塩素化合物、ＴｉＯ2、Ｎａ2Ｏ、Ｋ2Ｏ、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3、ＭｇＯ、Ｂ2Ｏ3、Ｐ2Ｏ5等が挙げられる。これらの中で特に、ＭｇＯは２．０重量％未満であり、ＳｉＯ2量は５重量％以下が好ましく、３重量％以下がより好ましい。ＳｉＯ2量が５重量％を超えると、本発明の効果、即ち、優れた膨張性能が得られない場合がある。
【００１１】
本発明の脂肪酸とは、一般に、ＲＣＯＯＨ（Ｒは飽和または不飽和の炭化水素）で表される化合物を総称するものであり、特に限定されるものではないが、その具体例としては、例えば、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、ベヘニン酸、パルミチン酸等が挙げられる。又、本発明では、これら脂肪酸の塩類も使用可能であり、その具体例としては、ナトリウム塩、カリウム塩、カルシウム塩、マグネシウム塩、アルミニウム塩等が挙げられる。更に、脂肪酸は天然油脂として入手することもでき、その具体例としては、例えば、大豆油、ヤシ油、パーム油、オリーブ油、アマニ油、綿実油、ナタネ油、キリ油、ヒマシ油、牛脂、スクワラン、ラノリン、硬化油等が挙げられる。本発明ではこれらのうちの１種又は２種以上が使用可能である（以下、脂肪酸類という）。
【００１２】
セメント混和材中の膨張物質と脂肪酸類の配合割合は、特に限定されるものではないが、通常、膨張物質はセメント混和材１００重量部中、９５〜９９．９９５重量部が好ましく、９９〜９９．９５重量部がより好ましい。９５重量部未満では、強度発現性が悪くなる場合があり、９９．９９５重量部を超えると貯蔵安定性が悪くなる場合がある。脂肪酸類の配合割合は、０．００５〜５重量部が好ましく、０．０５〜１重量部がより好ましい。０．００５重量部未満では、貯蔵安定性が悪くなる場合があり、５重量部を超えると強度発現性が悪くなる場合がある。
【００１３】
本発明のセメント混和材の粒度は、特に限定されるものではないが、通常、ブレーン比表面積で１５００〜６０００ｃｍ2／ｇが好ましく、２５００〜４０００ｃｍ2／ｇがより好ましい。１５００ｃｍ2／ｇ未満では、強度発現性が悪くなる場合があり、６０００ｃｍ2／ｇを超えると優れた膨張性能が得られない場合がある。
【００１４】
本発明のセメント混和材の配合量は、特に限定されるものではないが、通常、セメントとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物１００重量部中、３〜１２重量部が好ましく、５〜９重量部がより好ましい。３重量部未満では本発明の効果が十分に得られない場合があり、１２重量部を超えて使用すると、強度発現性が悪くなる場合がある。
【００１５】
本発明に係るセメントとしては、普通、早強、超早強及び中庸熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、これらポルトランドセメントに高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ、及びシリカを混合した各種混合セメント、並びに低熱セメント、石灰石粉末等を混合したフィラーセメント及びアルミナセメント等が挙げられ、これらのうちの１種又は２種以上が使用可能である。
【００１６】
本発明では、本発明のセメント混和材及びセメント組成物に、砂、砂利等の骨材の他、減水剤、AE減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能AE減水剤、消泡剤、増粘剤、防錆剤、防凍剤、収縮低減剤、高分子エマルジョン、凝結調整剤、セメント急硬材、ベントナイトやゼオライト等の粘土鉱物、ハイドロタルサイト等のイオン交換体等のうちの１種又は２種以上を、本発明の目的を実質的に阻害しない範囲で使用することが可能である。
【００１７】
本発明において、各材料の混合方法は特に限定されるものではなく、それぞれの材料を施工時に混合しても良いし、予め一部、或いは全部を混合しておいても差し支えない。混合装置としては、既存の如何なる装置も使用可能であり、例えば、傾胴ミキサー、オムニミキサー、ヘンシェルミキサー、Ｖ型ミキサー及びナウターミキサー等の使用が可能である。
【００１８】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を詳細に説明する。
【００１９】
実施例１
試薬特級のＣａＯ原料、Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料、ＣａＳＯ4原料を配合して、電気炉を用いて、１３５０℃で２時間熱処理することにより、表１に示すＡ〜Ｊの膨張物質を製造し、各膨張物質９９．５重量部と、脂肪酸Ａ０．５重量部とを混合粉砕してブレーン比表面積３５００±２００ｃｍ2／ｇのセメント混和材を調製した。
セメント混和材の貯蔵安定性を確認するために、セメント混和材を紙袋に入れミシン縫いで閉袋した状態で、温度２０℃、相対湿度８０％の試験室内で貯蔵した。更に、セメントとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物１００重量部中、セメント混和材を７重量部配合し、水／セメント組成物比＝５０％、砂／セメント組成物比＝１／３のモルタルを調製して膨張率の測定を行い、セメント混和材の貯蔵期間と膨張率の関係を確認することにより、セメント混和材の貯蔵安定性を評価した。
尚、セメント混和材を粉末Ｘ線回折法（ＸＲＤ）により同定し、遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウが主要な構成化合物であることを確認した。又、化学組成は化学分析により求め、化合物組成は化学分析の結果より、計算によって算出した。化学組成より算出した化合物組成を表２に示し、膨張率の測定結果を表３に示す。
【００２０】
＜使用材料＞
脂肪酸類Ａ：市販ステアリン酸
セメントα：市販普通ポルトランドセメント
水：水道水
砂：標準砂（ISO679準拠）
ＣａＯ原料：試薬特級炭酸カルシウム
Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料：試薬特級酸化アルミニウム
ＣａＳＯ4原料：試薬特級無水セッコウ
＜測定方法＞
化学分析：JIS R 5202に準じて測定。
化合物組成：遊離石灰含有量をJIS R 5202に準じて測定し、それ以外の化合物については計算によって求めた。即ち、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3量からＣ4ＡＦ量を算出し、全Ａｌ2Ｏ3量からＣ4ＡＦに含有されるＡｌ2Ｏ3量を差し引いて、残りのＡｌ2Ｏ3量からアウイン量を算出した。次いで、全ＳＯ3量からアウインに含有されるＳＯ3量を差し引いて、残りのＳＯ3量から無水セッコウ量を算出した。
膨張率：JIS A 6202 Bに準じて測定。
【００２１】
【表１】
【表２】
【表３】
本発明のセメント混和材は、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好であることが示されている。
【００２５】
実施例２
工業原料のＣａＯ原料、Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料、ＣａＳＯ4原料を配合して、ロータリーキルンを用いて、１４００℃で熱処理することによって、表４に示すａ〜ｊの膨張物質を製造したこと以外は、実施例１と同様に行った。表５に化学組成から算出した化合物組成を示す。又、各膨張物質９９．５重量部と、脂肪酸Ａ０．５重量部とを混合粉砕してブレーン比表面積３５００±２００ｃｍ2／ｇのセメント混和材を調製し、それらを配合したモルタルの膨張率の測定結果を表６に示す。比較のため、市販のセメント混和材について同様の実験を行ったが、市販品は脂肪酸類Ａを配合せずにそのまま使用した。
【００２６】
＜使用材料＞
ＣａＯ原料：新潟県青海鉱山産石灰石
Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料：中国産ボーキサイト
ＣａＳＯ4原料：タイ産天然無水セッコウ
市販品：遊離石灰、アウイン及び無水セッコウを主要な構成化合物とするセメント混和材
【００２７】
【表４】
【表５】
【表６】
本発明のセメント混和材は、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好であることが示されている。
【００３１】
実施例３
脂肪酸類の種類と膨張物質ｃの配合割合を表７に示すように変えたこと以外は、実施例２と同様に行った。その結果を表７に示す。
【００３２】
＜使用材料＞
脂肪酸類Ｂ：市販オレイン酸
脂肪酸類Ｃ：市販ラウリン酸
脂肪酸類Ｄ：市販ヤシ油
脂肪酸類Ｅ：市販パーム油
脂肪酸類Ｆ：市販牛脂
脂肪酸類Ｇ：市販ステアリン酸ナトリウム
脂肪酸類Ｈ：市販オレイン酸ナトリウム
脂肪酸類Ｉ：脂肪酸類Ａと脂肪酸類Ｄの等重量混合物
脂肪酸類Ｊ：脂肪酸類Ａと脂肪酸類Ｄと脂肪酸類Ｈの等重量混合物
【００３３】
【表７】
本発明のセメント混和材は、脂肪酸類を使用しない比較例と比べ、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好であることが示されている。
【００３５】
実施例４
膨張物質ｃ９９重量部と脂肪酸類Ａ１重量部からなるセメント混和材を使用し、セメント組成物１００重量部中のセメント混和材の配合量を表８に示すように変えたこと以外は、実施例２と同様に行った。その結果を表８に示す。
【００３６】
【表８】
本発明のセメント混和材を配合したモルタルは、配合しない比較例のモルタルと比べ、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好であることが示されている。
【００３８】
実施例５
膨張物質ｃを使用し、セメントの種類を表９に示すように変えたこと以外は、実施例２と同様に行った。その結果を表９に示す。尚、比較のため、市販のセメント混和材についても同様の実験を行ったが、市販品の配合量は、セメント組成物１００重量部中、１２重量部とした。
【００３９】
＜使用材料＞
セメントβ：市販高炉セメントＢ種
セメントγ：市販低熱ポルトランドセメント
【００４０】
【表９】
本発明のセメント混和材を配合したモルタルは、市販のセメント混和材を配合した比較例のモルタルと比べ、膨張性能に優れ、しかも貯蔵安定性も良好であることが示されている。
【００４２】
実施例６
工業原料のＣａＯ原料、Ａｌ2Ｏ3原料、ＣａＳＯ4原料及びＭｇＯ原料を配合して、ロータリーキルンを用いて、１４００℃で熱処理することにより、表１０に示すようなＭｇＯ含有量の異なる膨張物質（イ、ロ、ハ）を製造し、各膨張物質９９．５重量部と脂肪酸類Ａ０．５重量部とを配合して混合粉砕し、ブレーン比表面積３５００±２００ｃｍ2／ｇのセメント混和材を調製した。セメントとセメント混和材からなるセメント組成物１００重量部中、セメント混和材を９重量部配合し、水／セメント組成物比＝２５％、砂／セメント組成物比＝１／２のモルタルを調製して、モルタルの長期安定性を観察した。但し、市販の高性能減水剤をセメント組成物に対して１．２％使用した。又、モルタルの養生は、材齢１日で脱型し、６ヶ月間２０℃水中養生とした。その結果を表１１に示す。
【００４３】
＜使用材料＞
ＭｇＯ原料：中国産ドロマイト
高性能減水剤：市販ポリカルボン酸系
【００４４】
【表１０】
【表１１】
本発明のセメント混和材を配合したモルタルは、安定した膨張性能を示しているが、ＭｇＯ含有量の多いセメント混和材を配合した比較例のモルタルは、クラックや膨張破壊を生じている。
【００４７】
【発明の効果】
本発明のセメント混和材は、膨張性能に優れるばかりでなく、貯蔵安定性が良好なため長期に亘って高品質を保つことが可能となり、膨張性能の確保が容易になる。更に本発明のセメント混和材は、従来のセメント混和材と比較してＳＯ3含有量が少ないので、製造時に発生するＳＯX量を低減できる等の利点を有する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly relates to a cement admixture and a cement composition used in the civil engineering and construction industries.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Cement is an excellent material that is inexpensive and can be used to build large concrete structures into any shape. Furthermore, the strength and durability of the structure can be improved by using a cement admixture together. Many cement admixtures have been proposed so far, and the most used one is a cement admixture that imparts expansibility to concrete. Here, concrete is a general term for hardened cement bodies such as cement, mortar and concrete.
[0003]
The cement admixture to impart expansive concrete structures, for example, CaO-Al 2 O 3 as an active ingredient a -SO 3 compounds are known (JP-B 42-21840, JP-Sho 42-19473 , JP-B 53-16007, etc.). However, a cement admixture containing a conventional CaO—Al 2 O 3 —SO 3 compound as an active ingredient has a high SO 3 content, and SO X released into the atmosphere at the time of manufacture is regarded as a problem. The performance required of cement admixtures that impart expansibility is increasing, and development of cement admixtures that can impart excellent expansibility even if the mixing ratio is low is awaited. In addition, conventional cement admixtures that impart expansibility are prone to greatly decrease in expansion performance due to storage, and weathering due to water wetting and bag breakage, etc., even if the storage condition is relatively good, the storage period is long. There was a problem that the expansion performance would be reduced after about 6 months.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As a result of various studies to solve the above problems in view of such a situation, the present inventors have excellent expansion performance and storage stability by blending a specific expansion material and a fatty acid and / or a salt thereof. As a result, it was found that a cement admixture with good properties could be obtained, and the present invention was completed.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, free lime, auin and anhydrous gypsum are the main constituent compounds, and the percentage of the chemical composition consisting of the three components of CaO, Al 2 O 3 and SO 3 is 57.6-78.0% by weight of CaO and 5% of Al 2 O 3. 15 wt%, SO 3 is from 15.7 to 27.4 wt%, the percentage chemical composition of all components, the inflation material MgO is less than 2 wt%, fatty excluding formic acid, acetic acid or their salts and / or their salts and Ri greens contain cement admixture in 100 parts by weight, from 95 to 99.995 parts by weight expandable material, formic acid, acetic acid or fatty acids excluding their salts and / or their salts 0.005 parts by weight an der Ru cement admixture, a the cement admixture comprising the free lime 30% by weight or more, the cement admixture comprising the free lime contained 30-60 wt%, anhydrous gypsum 40 The cement admixture containing up to A The cement admixture comprising a Kou 21-40 wt%, a cement composition comprising a cement and said cement admixture, cement, free lime, the Auin and anhydrous gypsum major As a constituent compound, the percentage of the chemical composition consisting of three components of CaO, Al 2 O 3 and SO 3 is 57.6-78.0% by weight of CaO, 5-15% by weight of Al 2 O 3 and 15.7-27.4% by weight of SO 3 a%, the percentage chemical composition of all components, the inflation material MgO is less than 2 wt%, Ri name contains formic acid, fatty acid excluding acetic acid or their salts and / or their salts, cement during admixture 100 parts by weight, the expansion material 95 to 99.995 parts by weight, formic acid, acetic acid or fatty acids and / or their salts excluding salts thereof comprising the cement admixture Ru 0.005 parts by der It is a cement composition.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
[0007]
The swelling material of the present invention is mainly composed of free lime, Auin and anhydrous gypsum, and the percentage of the chemical composition composed of three components of CaO, Al 2 O 3 and SO 3 is 57% by weight or more of CaO, Al 2 O 3 is 5 to 15% by weight, SO 3 is 28% by weight or less, and MgO is less than 2% by weight as a percentage of the chemical composition of all components. CaO is more preferably 60 to 80% by weight, still more preferably 65 to 75% by weight. The SO 3 is more preferably 10 to 25% by weight, still more preferably 15 to 20% by weight. The amount of MgO is less than 2% by weight, and more preferably 1.5% by weight or less. If the MgO amount is 2% by weight or more, long-term durability may be deteriorated.
[0008]
The constituent compound of the expansion material of the present invention contains free lime, auin and anhydrous gypsum as main constituent compounds. Auin means a compound represented by 3CaO.3Al 2 O 3 .CaSO 4 . In the present invention, the free lime content is preferably 30% by weight or more, more preferably 30 to 60% by weight . If the free lime content is less than 30% by weight, excellent expansion performance may not be obtained. Further, the anhydrous gypsum content is preferably 40% by weight or less, more preferably 21 to 40% by weight . When the anhydrous gypsum content exceeds 40% by weight, not only the SO X generated during production increases, but also an excellent expansion performance may not be obtained.
[0009]
The expansion material of the present invention can be produced by blending a CaO raw material, an Al 2 O 3 raw material, a CaSO 4 raw material and an MgO raw material and heat-treating them. Examples of the CaO raw material include limestone and slaked lime. Examples of the Al 2 O 3 raw material include bauxite and aluminum residual ash. Examples of the CaSO 4 raw material include dihydrate gypsum, semi-water gypsum and anhydrous gypsum. It is done. Examples of the MgO raw material include dolomite and brucite. The heat treatment can be performed by using a rotary kiln, an electric furnace or the like, and the heat treatment temperature is preferably in the range of about 1100 to 1600 ° C, more preferably about 1200 to 1400 ° C. Is less than 1100 ° C., the expansion performance of the resulting cement admixture is sometimes not sufficient, not only the greater the SO X to vaporize it exceeds 1600 ° C., there may not be obtained excellent expansion performance.
[0010]
In the present invention, the presence of impurities in the expansion material is preferably in a range where the total amount does not substantially impede the purpose of the present invention, for example, about 10% by weight or less. Specific examples of the impurities, SiO 2, fluorine compounds, chlorine compounds, TiO 2, Na 2 O, K 2 O, Fe 2 O 3, MgO, B 2 O 3, P 2 O 5 and the like. Among these, MgO is less than 2.0% by weight, and the amount of SiO 2 is preferably 5% by weight or less, more preferably 3% by weight or less. When the amount of SiO 2 exceeds 5% by weight, the effect of the present invention, that is, excellent expansion performance may not be obtained.
[0011]
The fatty acid of the present invention generally refers to compounds represented by RCOOH (R is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon), and is not particularly limited, but specific examples thereof include, for example, Examples thereof include lauric acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, behenic acid, and palmitic acid. In the present invention, salts of these fatty acids can also be used, and specific examples thereof include sodium salts, potassium salts, calcium salts, magnesium salts, aluminum salts and the like. Furthermore, fatty acids can also be obtained as natural fats and oils, such as soybean oil, palm oil, palm oil, olive oil, linseed oil, cottonseed oil, rapeseed oil, tung oil, castor oil, beef tallow, squalane, Examples include lanolin and hydrogenated oil. In the present invention, one or more of these can be used (hereinafter referred to as fatty acids).
[0012]
The mixing ratio of the swelling substance and the fatty acids in the cement admixture is not particularly limited, but usually the swelling substance is preferably 95 to 99.995 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the cement admixture, and 99 to 99. More preferred is 95 parts by weight. If it is less than 95 parts by weight, the strength development may be deteriorated, and if it exceeds 99.995 parts by weight, the storage stability may be deteriorated. The blending ratio of fatty acids is preferably 0.005 to 5 parts by weight, and more preferably 0.05 to 1 part by weight. If it is less than 0.005 parts by weight, the storage stability may be deteriorated, and if it exceeds 5 parts by weight, the strength development may be deteriorated.
[0013]
Although the particle size of the cement admixture of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably 1500 to 6000 cm 2 / g, more preferably 2500 to 4000 cm 2 / g in terms of the specific surface area of Blaine. If it is less than 1500 cm < 2 > / g, strength development may worsen, and if it exceeds 6000 cm < 2 > / g, an excellent expansion performance may not be obtained.
[0014]
The blending amount of the cement admixture of the present invention is not particularly limited, but usually 3 to 12 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 9 parts by weight, in 100 parts by weight of cement composition composed of cement and cement admixture. Is more preferable. If the amount is less than 3 parts by weight, the effects of the present invention may not be sufficiently obtained. If the amount exceeds 12 parts by weight, strength development may be deteriorated.
[0015]
As the cement according to the present invention, various portland cements such as normal, early strength, super early strength, and moderate heat, various mixed cements obtained by mixing blast furnace slag, fly ash, and silica with these portland cements, low heat cement, limestone powder Etc., filler cement, alumina cement and the like mixed, and one or more of them can be used.
[0016]
In the present invention, the cement admixture and the cement composition of the present invention include aggregates such as sand and gravel, water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, high performance AE water reducing agent, antifoaming agent, thickening agent. 1 or 2 of agents, rust inhibitors, antifreeze agents, shrinkage reducers, polymer emulsions, setting modifiers, cement hardeners, clay minerals such as bentonite and zeolite, ion exchangers such as hydrotalcite, etc. More than one species can be used as long as the object of the present invention is not substantially impaired.
[0017]
In the present invention, the mixing method of each material is not particularly limited, and the respective materials may be mixed at the time of construction, or a part or all of them may be mixed in advance. As the mixing device, any existing device can be used, and for example, a tilting barrel mixer, an omni mixer, a Henschel mixer, a V-type mixer, a nauter mixer, and the like can be used.
[0018]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
[0019]
Example 1
Reagent-grade CaO raw material, Al 2 O 3 raw material, CaSO 4 raw material are blended and heat treated at 1350 ° C. for 2 hours using an electric furnace to produce A to J expansion materials shown in Table 1, 99.5 parts by weight of each expanding material and 0.5 parts by weight of fatty acid A were mixed and ground to prepare a cement admixture having a brain specific surface area of 3500 ± 200 cm 2 / g.
In order to confirm the storage stability of the cement admixture, the cement admixture was placed in a paper bag, closed with a sewing machine, and stored in a test chamber at a temperature of 20 ° C. and a relative humidity of 80%. Further, 7 parts by weight of cement admixture is blended in 100 parts by weight of cement composition comprising cement and cement admixture, and a mortar having a water / cement composition ratio = 50% and a sand / cement composition ratio = 1/3. The storage stability of the cement admixture was evaluated by preparing and measuring the expansion coefficient and confirming the relationship between the storage period of the cement admixture and the expansion coefficient.
The cement admixture was identified by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and it was confirmed that free lime, auin and anhydrous gypsum were the main constituent compounds. The chemical composition was determined by chemical analysis, and the compound composition was calculated by calculation from the result of chemical analysis. The compound composition calculated from the chemical composition is shown in Table 2, and the measurement result of the expansion coefficient is shown in Table 3.
[0020]
<Materials used>
Fatty acids A: Commercially available stearic acid cement α: Commercially available ordinary Portland cement water: Tap water sand: Standard sand (ISO679 compliant)
CaO raw material: Reagent special grade calcium carbonate Al 2 O 3 raw material: Reagent special grade aluminum oxide CaSO 4 raw material: Reagent special grade anhydrous gypsum <Measurement method>
Chemical analysis: Measured according to JIS R 5202.
Compound composition: Free lime content was measured according to JIS R 5202, and other compounds were determined by calculation. That is, to calculate the C 4 AF amount from the amount of Fe 2 O 3, by subtracting the amount of Al 2 O 3 contained in the C 4 AF from whole amount of Al 2 O 3, the Auin amount from the remaining amount of Al 2 O 3 Calculated. Then, by subtracting the SO 3 content contained in Auin from total SO 3 content was calculated anhydrous gypsum amounts from the remaining SO 3 amount.
Expansion coefficient: Measured according to JIS A 6202 B.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
[Table 3]
The cement admixture of the present invention is shown to have excellent expansion performance and good storage stability.
[0025]
Example 2
CaO raw material for industrial raw materials, Al 2 O 3 raw material, by blending CaSO 4 material, using a rotary kiln, except by heat treatment at 1400 ° C., that was produced swelling material a~j shown in Table 4, The same operation as in Example 1 was performed. Table 5 shows the compound composition calculated from the chemical composition. Moreover, each expansion material 99.5 parts by weight, were mixed together and ground and a fatty acid A0.5 parts to prepare a cement admixture of the Blaine specific surface area 3500 ± 200cm 2 / g, the expansion rate of the mortar formulated with them Table 6 shows the measurement results. For comparison, the same experiment was performed on a commercially available cement admixture, but the commercially available product was used as it was without blending fatty acids A.
[0026]
<Materials used>
CaO raw material: Limestone Al 2 O 3 raw material from Qinghai mine, Niigata Prefecture: Chinese bauxite CaSO 4 raw material: Thai natural anhydrous gypsum commercial product: Cement admixture mainly composed of free lime, Auin and anhydrous gypsum [0027]
[Table 4]
[Table 5]
[Table 6]
The cement admixture of the present invention is shown to have excellent expansion performance and good storage stability.
[0031]
Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed except that the type of fatty acids and the blending ratio of the swelling substance c were changed as shown in Table 7. The results are shown in Table 7.
[0032]
<Materials used>
Fatty acids B: Commercial oleic fatty acids C: Commercial lauric fatty acids D: Commercial coconut oil fatty acids E: Commercial palm oil fatty acids F: Commercial beef tallow fatty acids G: Commercial sodium stearate fatty acids H: Commercial sodium oleate Fatty acids I: Equal weight mixture of fatty acids A and D Fatty acids J: Equal weight mixture of fatty acids A, fatty acids D and fatty acids H
[Table 7]
It has been shown that the cement admixture of the present invention is superior in expansion performance and has good storage stability as compared with the comparative example in which no fatty acids are used.
[0035]
Example 4
Example 2 except that a cement admixture composed of 99 parts by weight of the expansion material c and 1 part by weight of fatty acids A was used, and the blending amount of the cement admixture in 100 parts by weight of the cement composition was changed as shown in Table 8. As well as. The results are shown in Table 8.
[0036]
[Table 8]
It has been shown that the mortar containing the cement admixture of the present invention is superior in expansion performance and also has good storage stability as compared with the mortar of the comparative example which is not added.
[0038]
Example 5
The same procedure as in Example 2 was performed except that the expanded material c was used and the type of cement was changed as shown in Table 9. The results are shown in Table 9. For comparison, the same experiment was performed for a commercially available cement admixture, but the amount of the commercially available product was 12 parts by weight in 100 parts by weight of the cement composition.
[0039]
<Materials used>
Cement β: Commercial blast furnace cement Type B cement γ: Commercial low heat Portland cement
[Table 9]
It has been shown that the mortar containing the cement admixture of the present invention is superior in expansion performance and also has good storage stability as compared to the comparative mortar containing a commercially available cement admixture.
[0042]
Example 6
An industrial raw material CaO raw material, Al 2 O 3 raw material, CaSO 4 raw material and MgO raw material are blended and heat-treated at 1400 ° C. using a rotary kiln, thereby expanding materials having different MgO contents as shown in Table 10 ( B), 99.5 parts by weight of each expansion material and 0.5 parts by weight of fatty acids A are mixed and ground to prepare a cement admixture with a specific surface area of 3500 ± 200 cm 2 / g. did. 9 parts by weight of cement admixture is blended in 100 parts by weight of cement composition consisting of cement and cement admixture to prepare a mortar with a water / cement composition ratio = 25% and a sand / cement composition ratio = 1/2. The long-term stability of the mortar was observed. However, 1.2% of a commercially available high-performance water reducing agent was used for the cement composition. In addition, the mortar curing was demolded at a material age of 1 day, and was cured at 20 ° C. in water for 6 months. The results are shown in Table 11.
[0043]
<Materials used>
MgO raw material: Chinese dolomite high-performance water reducing agent: commercially available polycarboxylic acid type
[Table 10]
[Table 11]
The mortar blended with the cement admixture of the present invention shows stable expansion performance, but the comparative mortar blended with the cement admixture with a high MgO content causes cracks and expansion failure.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
The cement admixture of the present invention not only has excellent expansion performance, but also has good storage stability, so that high quality can be maintained over a long period of time, and it is easy to ensure expansion performance. Furthermore, since the cement admixture of the present invention has a lower SO 3 content than conventional cement admixtures, it has the advantage that the amount of SO x generated during production can be reduced.
Claims (7)
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| JP23787399A JP4386503B2 (en) | 1999-08-25 | 1999-08-25 | Cement admixture and cement composition |
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| JP4850355B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2012-01-11 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Cement admixture and cement composition |
| JP4937468B2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2012-05-23 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | Cement admixture and cement composition |
| JP5181318B2 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2013-04-10 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Calcium sulfoaluminate clinker composition and production method thereof. |
| JP2016124785A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Expansive composition |
| JP2017178757A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-05 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Intumescent composition |
| JP2020055696A (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-04-09 | デンカ株式会社 | Geopolymer composition, and mortar and concrete using the same |
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