JP4388296B2 - Semi-cured material of shape memory polymer - Google Patents
Semi-cured material of shape memory polymer Download PDFInfo
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- JP4388296B2 JP4388296B2 JP2003095202A JP2003095202A JP4388296B2 JP 4388296 B2 JP4388296 B2 JP 4388296B2 JP 2003095202 A JP2003095202 A JP 2003095202A JP 2003095202 A JP2003095202 A JP 2003095202A JP 4388296 B2 JP4388296 B2 JP 4388296B2
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- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
形状記憶機能を有する材料としてウレタン系の形状記憶ポリマーがある。形状記憶ポリマーとは、通常のポリマーの中にあって、成形形状と変形形状とを熱による温度操作で使い分けることのできる樹脂である。この樹脂を用いた形状記憶ポリマー成形体は、ポリマーのガラス転移点以上、溶融温度未満又は分解温度未満の温度で変形を加え、その形状を保持した状態でガラス転移点(Tg)以下まで冷却することにより、変形形状を固定し、また、ガラス転移点以上で溶融温度未満又は分解温度未満の温度に加熱することにより、元の成形形状を回復するもので、温度操作により変形形状と成形形状を使い分けることのできるものである。
【0003】
ウレタン系の形状記憶ポリマーには熱可塑のタイプと熱硬化のタイプがあり、成形時の加工法が異なるが、熱硬化性樹脂のタイプは二液硬化型であり、混合とともに常温で速やかに硬化してしまう(数分で硬化完了)。すなわち、可使時間が短かった。
したがって、従来の特開平5−320366号公報等に記載された形状記憶ポリマーは、大型の製品(大物成形体)には適用することが困難であり、可使時間を任意に設定可能な材料が求められていた。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開平5−320366号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは、上記問題点に鑑み、十分な可使時間を備え、大物成形体の製造が簡便な形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料及びその製造方法並びに形状記憶ポリマー硬化物について鋭意検討した。
その結果、本発明者らは、特定の組成物からなる形状記憶ポリマーによって、かかる問題点が解決されることを見い出した。本発明は、かかる見地より完成されたものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、2,4−トリレンジイソシアネート、4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、カルボジイミド変性の4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとから成る群から選ばれた液状イソシアネートと、ポリオールとからなり、官能基のモル比で、イソシアネート:ポリオール=0.9〜1.1:1.0としたマトリックス樹脂組成物であって、上記ポリオールがポリプロピレングリコールであり、該ポリプロピレングリコールの平均分子量が100〜550であるマトリックス樹脂組成物を、架橋が不十分な形で硬化を停止させるようにして半硬化させて得られる形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料であり、再度温度を上昇させることによって溶融し、硬化が開始され完全な硬化物となり、該硬化物が形状記憶ポリマーであることを特徴とする形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を提供するものである。
【0007】
形状記憶ポリマーの機能を発現する温度を決定するものは、ガラス転移点(Tg)であり、適用製品の仕様にあわせたTgを有する任意の組成を用いるが、Tgを高くすると更に可使時間が短くなるため、高Tg化(例えば約95℃)と任意の可使時間の確保が技術的な課題となる。
【0008】
そこで、任意のTgを有する組成物1を半硬化状態の材料とすることで任意の可使時間を確保可能となった。組成物1は、従来では必須であった鎖延長剤を含有させないことで可使時間を確保しながらも、鎖延長剤の不使用により低下したTgを、低分子量のポリオールを用い且つイソシアネートとポリオールの含有割合を上記の割合にすることで、数十分〜数時間の可使時間を確保しつつ、高いTgを有するポリマー組成物であるが、これを半硬化材料とすることで可使時間を任意にすることが可能となった。
【0009】
ここで、組成物1に用いるイソシアネートは常温で液状である。また、組成物1に用いる上記ポリオールは、平均分子量100〜550である。また、上記ポリオールは、ポリプロピレングリコールである。
【0010】
なお、本明細書中、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料とは、その半硬化マトリックス樹脂のTg以上かつその半硬化マトリックス樹脂の流動温度未満で、変形可能となり、さらに流動温度以上に加温して、硬化を再開し、硬化を完了させて形状記憶ポリマー硬化物となる硬化物の前駆体である。ここで、流動温度とは、半硬化マトリックスが固体状態から流動可能な状態になる温度であり、例えば粘弾性測定等で半硬化マトリックス樹脂の弾性率を測定した場合に、昇温過程で半硬化マトリックスが流動してサンプルの形状が不定形となり、弾性率が検出不能となる温度である。また、半硬化とは、組成物の硬化が不十分で、架橋度や重合度が低い状態である。一般的に硬化性樹脂が硬化した場合には昇温により流動することはないが、本発明の組成物は架橋密度が一般的な硬化性樹脂と比較して低い特徴を有しており、この組成の特徴をも利用して半硬化の状態で一旦硬化を停止させることで架橋度や重合度が低い状態とする。この半硬化の状態は架橋密度も低く重合度も低いことから常温では固体でありながらも、ある温度以上で溶融し液状化するという、熱可塑的な特徴を有することとなる。
本発明に係る形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、好適には充填材を含む。
【0011】
さらに、本発明に係る形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を製造する際、マトリックス樹脂組成物をその硬化温度マイナス10℃以下、好ましくは硬化温度マイナス20℃以下、更に好ましくは硬化温度マイナス30℃以下に温度を保持して半硬化させる。また、ここで硬化温度とは、例えばDSC測定(示差走査熱量測定)にて測定した際の硬化発熱のピーク温度を意味する。この形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料の製造方法は、真空又は減圧下で行うことが好ましい。
【0012】
【発明の実施の形態】
上記したように、本発明は、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料であり、該形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、組成物1を含むことを特徴としている。
【0013】
組成物1
次に、組成物1について説明する。組成物1は、イソシアネートと、平均分子量100〜550のポリオールとを、官能基のモル比でイソシアネート:ポリオール=0.9〜1.1:1.0にて含むことを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
好適な形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を得るには、可使時間が30分以上、好ましくは60分以上であるのがよい。ここでの可使時間は、組成物1の粘度の立ち上がり時間として例えば1000cpsになるまでの時間である。
【0015】
組成物1は、上記の条件を十分に満たすものである。すなわち、高Tg化(例えば約95℃)と可使時間の確保(例えば約50分)とを両立させることができる。
【0016】
イソシアネートとしては、2,4−トリレンジイソシアネート、4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、カルボジイミド変性の4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートとから成る群から選ばれた液状イソシアネートである。
【0017】
ポリオールとしては、組成物1では、平均分子量が100〜550のポリプロピレングリコールを用いる。ポリオールの分子量が550を超えると、得られる形状記憶ポリマーの可使時間が長くなる利点があるものの、Tgが低下する。一方、平均分子量が100未満の場合、組成物2では、FRPの成形に必要な可使時間を確保できなくなる。組成物1では、ポリオールの平均分子量は、好ましくは150〜250である。なお、平均分子量とは、重量平均分子量であり、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィ(GPC)法で測定されるものである。
【0018】
ポリオールは、Tg前後での大きな物性変化(例えば弾性率)を得るため、2官能のポリプロピレングリコールを用いる。
【0019】
イソシアネートとポリオールとの混合比は、官能基のモル比で、イソシアネート:ポリオール=0.9〜1.1:1.0(すなわち、NCO/OH=0.9〜1.1)である。このような混合比とすることで、必要な可使時間を確保しつつ、形状固定及び形状回復といった形状記憶性を発現することができる高いTgを有するポリマー組成物を得ることができる。
【0020】
なお、上記混合比は、官能基のモル比で、イソシアネート:ポリオール=0.95〜1.05:0.95〜1.05と表現することもできる。また、好ましい混合比は、官能基のモル比で、イソシアネート:ポリオール=0.98〜1.05:1.0(NCO/OH=0.98〜1.05)である。
【0021】
なお、組成物1は、従来では必須であった鎖延長剤を含有しないものである。鎖延長剤は、ポリマー組成物の中でTg調整剤の役割を有するものであり、高いTgを維持するのに用いられているが、その一方で、可使時間を短くする傾向がある。組成物1では、このような鎖延長剤を用いずに、高いTgを確保できる。
【0022】
組成物1に硬化可能な範囲で添加することのできる添加剤としては、各種フィラー、有機成分、希釈剤等の慣用される添加剤を一種以上添加することができる。
【0023】
なお、組成物1は、上記フィラーとして充填材を含むことができる。
充填材としては、無機系、有機系、金属系、繊維系のものを挙げることができる。無機系のものとしては、タルク、マイカ、炭酸カルシウム、無機顔料等を挙げることができ、有機系のものとしては、ゴム微粒子や有機顔料等を挙げることができる。金属系のものとしては、金、銀、銅、鉄、ニッケル、アルミニウム等を挙げることができる。
繊維系充填材としては、有機材料による繊維に限定されるものではなく、ガラス繊維等の無機繊維や炭素繊維を用いることができる。具体的には、例えば炭素繊維、アラミド繊維などが好適である。織組織も限定されないが、例えばタテ糸とヨコ糸からなる平織りの素材が挙げられ、厚さは例えば0.1〜1.0mmの範囲のものが用いられる。
また、本発明に係る形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料には、マトリックス樹脂である上記組成物1と繊維材料以外に、補強用繊維や色素等が含まれていても良く、それらの量比は特に限定されるものではない。
【0024】
形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料の製造方法
次に、本発明に係る形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料の製造方法について以下に説明するが、これに限定されるものではない。
形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料の製造方法として、組成物1の各成分は、個別に真空脱泡した後、所定量を予め容器などで混合調製及び真空脱泡しておき、 この混合物を真空にした型内に注入する。硬化温度マイナス30℃以下で1時間保持して反応させた後、室温に冷却し型から取り出して形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を得る。
ここで、半硬化とは、架橋が不十分な形で硬化を停止させた状態をいう。本発明の形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料では、マトリックス樹脂の架橋が不十分であるため、再度温度を上げると溶融し硬化が開始され完全な硬化物となる。
半硬化は、各成分を混合し、硬化中の組成物を硬化温度マイナス10℃、好ましくは硬化温度マイナス20℃以下、更に好ましくは硬化温度マイナス30℃以下に保持ことによって行われる。すなわち、硬化を行うには不十分な温度環境及び硬化時間により半硬化の状態で硬化の進行を停止させることが重要であり、この際硬化反応による発熱で組成物の温度が上昇しない様に組成物の温度を維持することがポイントとなる。加えてのポイントは前述した通り本発明の組成物にある。硬化温度とは、例えばDSC測定(示差走査熱量測定)にて測定した際の硬化発熱のピーク温度を意味する。
【0025】
上記組成物1は、熱硬化樹脂であるが、一般的な熱硬化樹脂と比較すると、架橋密度が低い傾向にあり、従って半硬化の状態では熱硬化樹脂でありながら流動が可能となる。この特徴を応用することで、常温にて固体状態であり、容易なハンドリングで、保管も可能となる。
その後、例えば、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を適宜積層等した後、加熱により層間の樹脂が流動することで一体物として成形できる。すなわち、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、任意の場所で所望の任意の形状に成形することができる。
【0026】
また、本発明の形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料には、形状固定−回復特性が存在し、半硬化マトリックス樹脂のTgは、この半硬化マトリックス樹脂の流動温度より低いことから、半硬化マトリックス樹脂のTg以上で、半硬化マトリックス樹脂の流動温度未満に加温し、自由な形状に変形可能な状態にしてから金型等に合わせて積層した後、さらに流動温度以上に加温して硬化を完了させることもできるため、作業をさらに容易とすることができる。なお、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、例えば熱プレス成形法によって、形状記憶ポリマー硬化物とできる。
【0027】
例えば、熱プレス成形法では、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を、複数積層等し、熱プレスする。この際の温度は通常60〜180℃まで上昇させる。圧力は通常0〜20kgf/cm2程度である。
また、後硬化処理工程として温度を調整し、熱による歪みを解放して取り除くためにポストキュアーすることもできる。この際、成形したとき以上の熱を加えることが好ましい。最後に、切断工程を経て、得られた成形体を検査する。
【0028】
以上、本発明の実施の形態につき述べたが、本発明は既述の実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々の変形及び変更を加え得るものである。以下、本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例によって何ら制限されるものでない。
【0029】
【実施例】
実施例1
表1の組成のサンプル1、2に充填材として30重量%のタルクを用いて、形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を作製した。
【0030】
【表1】
【0031】
液状イソシアネート:カルボジイミド変性4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネーと4,4’−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネートの混合物。
PPG200:ポリプロピレングリコール(平均分子量200)。
PPG400:ポリプロピレングリコール(平均分子量400)。
【0032】
上記各サンプル1、2の各成分を、60℃で2時間程度、真空脱気してから、室温まで冷却した。その後、これらの各成分を混合すると同時にタルクを加え、透明化させた。
この透明になった樹脂成分を50mm×10mm×2mmの型に流し込み、60℃、2時間で半硬化させた(常温で固体)。
得られた2つの形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料を、熱プレス成形法によって熱プレス成形し、形状記憶ポリマー硬化物を製造した。
製造にあたっては、各々3枚ずつ、50mm×50mm×3mmの型内に重ねて150℃で1時間、加熱した。プレス圧は、約1kgf/mm2であった。
製造した形状記憶ポリマー硬化物の形状固定−回復性について評価し、全てのサンプルにおいて形状固定−回復特性を有していることを確認した。
【0033】
上記のように、組成物1を半硬化させてなる形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、マトリックス樹脂が半硬化の状態で保管できることから、十分な可使時間を備え、したがって、大物成形体の製造が簡便であり、かつ得られる成形体は、良好なTg及び形状記憶特性(インフレータブル性)を備えることが了解される。
【0034】
【発明の効果】
上述してきたように、本発明によれば、十分な可使時間を備え、大物成形体の製造が簡便な形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料が提供される。
すなわち、本発明に係る形状記憶ポリマーの半硬化材料は、マトリックス樹脂が半硬化の状態で保管できることから、十分な可使時間を備える。したがって、大物成形体の製造が簡便であり、かつ得られる成形体は、良好なTg及び形状記憶特性(インフレータブル性)を備えることが了解される。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a shape memory polymer semi-cured material.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a material having a shape memory function, there is a urethane-based shape memory polymer. The shape memory polymer is a resin that can be used in a normal polymer and can selectively use a molded shape and a deformed shape by a temperature operation by heat. The shape memory polymer molded body using this resin is deformed at a temperature not lower than the glass transition point of the polymer but lower than the melting temperature or lower than the decomposition temperature, and cooled to the glass transition point (Tg) or lower in a state where the shape is maintained. By fixing the deformed shape and heating it to a temperature above the glass transition point and below the melting temperature or below the decomposition temperature, the original shaped shape is recovered. It can be used properly.
[0003]
There are two types of urethane-based shape memory polymers: thermoplastic and thermosetting types. The processing method during molding differs, but the thermosetting resin type is a two-part curable type that cures quickly at room temperature with mixing. (Curing is completed in a few minutes). In other words, the pot life was short.
Therefore, the conventional shape memory polymers described in JP-A-5-320366 and the like are difficult to apply to large products (large moldings), and there are materials that can arbitrarily set the pot life. It was sought after.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-5-320366
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above problems, the present inventors have intensively studied a semi-cured material of a shape memory polymer , a method for producing the same, and a cured product of the shape memory polymer, which has a sufficient pot life and can be easily produced as a large molded article.
As a result, the present inventors have found that such a problem is solved by a shape memory polymer comprising a specific composition. The present invention has been completed from such a viewpoint.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides a liquid isocyanate selected from the group consisting of 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, carbodiimide-modified 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate , a polyol , consists, in a molar ratio of functional groups, isocyanate: polyol = 0.9 to 1.1: 1.0 and the a matrix resin composition, the polyol is a polypropylene glycol, average molecular weight of the polypropylene glycol It is a semi-cured material of shape memory polymer obtained by semi-curing a matrix resin composition of 100 to 550 in such a way that the curing is stopped with insufficient crosslinking , and it is melted by raising the temperature again. Curing starts, complete cured product and Ri, there is provided a semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer characterized in that the cured product has a shape memory polymer.
[0007]
It is the glass transition point (Tg) that determines the temperature at which the function of the shape memory polymer is manifested, and any composition having a Tg that matches the specifications of the applied product is used. Since the length is shortened, increasing the Tg (for example, about 95 ° C.) and securing an arbitrary usable time are technical issues.
[0008]
Therefore, it has become possible to secure an arbitrary pot life by using the composition 1 having an arbitrary Tg as a semi-cured material. Composition 1 uses a low-molecular-weight polyol, an isocyanate and a polyol, while maintaining a pot life by not containing a chain extender, which has been essential in the past, while reducing Tg due to the absence of a chain extender. It is a polymer composition having a high Tg while ensuring a pot life of several tens of minutes to several hours by making the content ratio of the above-mentioned ratio, but by using this as a semi-cured material, the pot life It became possible to make it optional.
[0009]
Here, the isocyanate used for the composition 1 is liquid at normal temperature . Moreover, the said polyol used for the composition 1 is 100-550 average molecular weight. The polyol is polypropylene glycol.
[0010]
In the present specification, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer means that it is deformable at a temperature equal to or higher than the Tg of the semi-cured matrix resin and lower than the flow temperature of the semi-cured matrix resin, and further heated to a temperature higher than the flow temperature. , A cured product precursor that resumes curing and completes curing to form a shape memory polymer cured product. Here, the flow temperature is a temperature at which the semi-cured matrix becomes flowable from a solid state. For example, when the elastic modulus of the semi-cured matrix resin is measured by viscoelasticity measurement or the like, the semi-cured matrix is semi-cured in the temperature rising process. The temperature at which the matrix flows, the sample shape becomes indefinite, and the elastic modulus cannot be detected. Semi-curing is a state where the composition is not sufficiently cured and the degree of crosslinking and the degree of polymerization are low. In general, when a curable resin is cured, it does not flow due to an increase in temperature, but the composition of the present invention has a low crosslink density compared to a general curable resin. The characteristics of the composition are also utilized, and once the curing is stopped in a semi-cured state, the crosslinking degree and the polymerization degree are lowered. This semi-cured state has a low crosslink density and a low degree of polymerization, so that it has a thermoplastic characteristic that it is solid at room temperature but melts and liquefies above a certain temperature.
The semi-cured material of shape memory polymer according to the present invention preferably comprises a filler.
[0011]
Furthermore, when producing the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer according to the present invention, the matrix resin composition is cured at a curing temperature of minus 10 ° C. or less, preferably at a curing temperature of minus 20 ° C. or less, more preferably at a curing temperature of minus 30 ° C. or less. Semi-cured while maintaining temperature. In addition, the curing temperature herein means a peak temperature of the heat generated by curing when measured by, for example, DSC measurement (differential scanning calorimetry). This method for producing a semi-cured material of shape memory polymer is preferably carried out under vacuum or reduced pressure.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As described above, the present invention is a semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer, a semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer is characterized in that it comprises a composition 1.
[0013]
Composition 1
Next, the composition 1 will be described. Composition 1 includes isocyanate and a polyol having an average molecular weight of 100 to 550 in a functional group molar ratio of isocyanate: polyol = 0.9 to 1.1: 1.0. .
[0014]
In order to obtain a suitable semi-cured material of shape memory polymer, the pot life should be 30 minutes or longer, preferably 60 minutes or longer. The pot life here is the time until the viscosity rise time of the composition 1 becomes, for example, 1000 cps.
[0015]
The composition 1 sufficiently satisfies the above conditions. That is, it is possible to achieve both high Tg (for example, about 95 ° C.) and securing the pot life (for example, about 50 minutes).
[0016]
Isocyanate is a liquid isocyanate selected from the group consisting of 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, carbodiimide-modified 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
[0017]
As the polyol, in composition 1, polypropylene glycol having an average molecular weight of 100 to 550 is used. When the molecular weight of the polyol exceeds 550, there is an advantage that the usable time of the obtained shape memory polymer becomes long, but Tg decreases. On the other hand, when the average molecular weight is less than 100, the composition 2 cannot secure the pot life necessary for molding the FRP. In composition 1, the average molecular weight of the polyol is preferably 150 to 250. In addition, an average molecular weight is a weight average molecular weight, and is measured by a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method.
[0018]
As the polyol, bifunctional polypropylene glycol is used in order to obtain a large physical property change (for example, elastic modulus) around Tg .
[0019]
The mixing ratio of isocyanate and polyol is a molar ratio of functional groups, and is isocyanate: polyol = 0.9 to 1.1: 1.0 (that is, NCO / OH = 0.9 to 1.1). By setting it as such a mixing ratio, the polymer composition which has high Tg which can express shape memory property, such as shape fixation and shape recovery, can be obtained, ensuring required pot life.
[0020]
In addition, the said mixing ratio is a molar ratio of a functional group, and can also be expressed as isocyanate: polyol = 0.95 to 1.05: 0.95 to 1.05. Further, a preferable mixing ratio is a molar ratio of functional groups, which is isocyanate: polyol = 0.98 to 1.05: 1.0 (NCO / OH = 0.98 to 1.05).
[0021]
Composition 1 does not contain a chain extender that has been essential in the past. Chain extenders have the role of Tg modifiers in polymer compositions and are used to maintain high Tg, while tending to shorten pot life. In composition 1, high Tg can be secured without using such a chain extender.
[0022]
As an additive that can be added to the composition 1 within a curable range, one or more commonly used additives such as various fillers, organic components, and diluents can be added.
[0023]
In addition, the composition 1 can contain a filler as the said filler.
Examples of the filler include inorganic, organic, metal, and fiber types. Examples of inorganic materials include talc, mica, calcium carbonate, and inorganic pigments. Examples of organic materials include rubber fine particles and organic pigments. Examples of metal-based materials include gold, silver, copper, iron, nickel, and aluminum.
The fiber filler is not limited to fibers made of organic materials, and inorganic fibers such as glass fibers and carbon fibers can be used. Specifically, for example, carbon fiber and aramid fiber are suitable. Although the woven structure is not limited, for example, a plain weave material composed of warp and weft is used, and the thickness is in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, for example.
Further, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer according to the present invention may contain reinforcing fibers, pigments and the like in addition to the composition 1 and the fiber material which are matrix resins, It is not limited.
[0024]
Method of manufacturing a semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer Next, a method for manufacturing a semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer of the present invention will be described below, but the invention is not limited thereto.
As a method for producing a semi-cured material of shape memory polymer , each component of composition 1 is individually vacuum degassed, and then a predetermined amount is mixed and prepared in a container or the like in advance, and the mixture is evacuated. Inject into the mold. The reaction is carried out by holding at a curing temperature of −30 ° C. or lower for 1 hour, and then cooled to room temperature and taken out of the mold to obtain a semi-cured material of shape memory polymer.
Here, the semi-curing means a state in which curing is stopped in a form where crosslinking is insufficient. In the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer of the present invention, the matrix resin is not sufficiently cross-linked.
Semi-curing is performed by mixing the components and maintaining the composition being cured at a curing temperature minus 10 ° C, preferably at a curing temperature minus 20 ° C or less, and more preferably at a curing temperature minus 30 ° C or less. That is, it is important to stop the progress of the curing in a semi-cured state due to a temperature environment and a curing time that are insufficient for curing, and at this time, the composition does not rise due to the heat generated by the curing reaction. The key is to maintain the temperature of the object. An additional point is in the composition of the present invention as described above. The curing temperature means a peak temperature of curing exotherm when measured by, for example, DSC measurement (differential scanning calorimetry).
[0025]
The composition 1 is a thermosetting resin, but tends to have a low cross-linking density as compared with a general thermosetting resin. Therefore, in a semi-cured state, the composition 1 can flow while being a thermosetting resin. By applying this feature, it is in a solid state at room temperature, and can be stored with easy handling.
After that, for example, a semi-cured material of a shape memory polymer is appropriately laminated, and then the resin between layers flows by heating, so that it can be molded as an integral body. That is, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer can be formed into any desired shape at any location.
[0026]
Further, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer of the present invention, form-locking - present recovery properties, Tg of semi-cured matrix resin, since less than the flow temperature of the semi-cured matrix resin, a semi-cured matrix resin Heat above Tg and below the flow temperature of the semi-cured matrix resin, make it deformable into a free shape, stack it according to the mold, etc., and then heat above the flow temperature to complete the curing Therefore, the operation can be further facilitated. The semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer can be made into a cured shape memory polymer by, for example, a hot press molding method.
[0027]
For example, in the hot press molding method, a plurality of semi-cured materials of shape memory polymer are laminated and hot pressed. The temperature at this time is usually raised to 60 to 180 ° C. The pressure is usually about 0 to 20 kgf / cm 2 .
Further, as a post-curing treatment step, post-curing can be performed in order to adjust the temperature and release and remove distortion caused by heat. At this time, it is preferable to apply more heat than when molding. Finally, the molded body obtained through the cutting process is inspected.
[0028]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. is there. EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not restrict | limited at all by these Examples.
[0029]
【Example】
Example 1
A semi-cured material of shape memory polymer was prepared using Samples 1 and 2 having the composition shown in Table 1 using 30% by weight of talc as a filler.
[0030]
[Table 1]
[0031]
Liquid isocyanate: a mixture of carbodiimide-modified 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
PPG200: Polypropylene glycol (average molecular weight 200).
PPG400: Polypropylene glycol (average molecular weight 400).
[0032]
The components of Samples 1 and 2 were vacuum degassed at 60 ° C. for about 2 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Thereafter, talc was added at the same time as these components were mixed to make it transparent.
The transparent resin component was poured into a 50 mm × 10 mm × 2 mm mold and semi-cured at 60 ° C. for 2 hours (solid at room temperature).
The semi-cured material of the two shape memory polymer obtained hot press molded by hot press-forming method to produce a shape memory polymeric materials.
In the production, three pieces each were stacked in a 50 mm × 50 mm × 3 mm mold and heated at 150 ° C. for 1 hour. The press pressure was about 1 kgf / mm 2 .
The manufactured shape memory polymer cured product was evaluated for shape fixing-recoverability, and it was confirmed that all samples had shape fixing-recovery characteristics.
[0033]
As described above, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer obtained by semi-curing the composition 1 has a sufficient pot life since the matrix resin can be stored in a semi-cured state, and therefore, a large molded article is produced. It is understood that the molded product obtained is simple and has good Tg and shape memory characteristics (inflatable properties).
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a semi-cured material of a shape memory polymer that has a sufficient pot life and can be easily produced as a large product.
That is, the semi-cured material of the shape memory polymer of the present invention, since the matrix resin can be kept in a semi-cured state, comprises a sufficient pot life. Therefore, it is understood that the production of a large molded article is simple, and the obtained molded article has good Tg and shape memory characteristics (inflatable properties).
Claims (1)
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