JP4394469B2 - ROOF MATERIAL, LASER MARKING METHOD, AND LASER MARKING DEVICE - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a roof material, a laser marking method, and a laser marking device, and in particular, applies laser marking to a roof material such as a precut tile, and arrangement information on a roof surface necessary for roofing work, and a roof material The present invention relates to a laser marking method and a laser marking apparatus for providing a roof material with manufacturing history information necessary for quality assurance.

  Conventionally, in roofing work, in order to reduce work on-site, a technique for carrying roof material pre-cut in a factory or the like in advance to the site based on the shape of the roof surface on which the roof material is laid has been performed. . In this way, various types of precut materials having slightly different dimensions and shapes are generated. And if these are carried in collectively on the spot, identification on the spot will become difficult, and installation work will be troublesome. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 10, on the back surface of the precut roof material, a symbol indicating the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, and a number indicating the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface are handwritten. Filling in is done. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 11, sticking with a symbol and a number written on the surface of a roofing material is performed.

In addition, there is a known technique for automatically printing precut material processing information (symbols and alphanumeric characters) including precut material arrangement information on a roof surface by providing a printer printing process during a precut process performed in a factory ( For example, Patent Document 1).
In addition, as a technology for the purpose of quality control of special roof tiles such as snow melting tiles and the accumulation and management of sales information, the resistance value of the heat generating film of snow melting tiles is automatically measured, and pass / fail information based on the measured values is also obtained. There is a roof tile manufacturing system in which a stamp is printed on the back of a roof tile (for example, Patent Document 2). In the technique of Patent Document 2, the quality information of roof tiles is converted into a Carla code, which is a kind of two-dimensional code, and printed. Thereby, the printed code can include specific information about the roof tile in addition to the quality information. Further, the Carla code has a feature that it can be read with high accuracy even if the printing accuracy is poor.
JP 2003-127092 A (pages 3-5, 7 and FIGS. 1 and 5) Japanese Patent No. 2583427 (page 1-5, FIGS. 2-3, 10)

However, there is a possibility that an entry error or an application error may occur when handwriting or sticker is applied. In addition, the seal may drop off during handling in the factory or in the process of carrying in the field, and there is a possibility that correct information will not be held reliably.
On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1, a method of providing a printing process with a printer during the tile pre-cut process, or as described in Patent Document 2, stamping is performed during the roof tile manufacturing process. In the method of providing a printing process in (1), the labor is reduced by automation, and it becomes difficult to make an entry error or an application error. However, the information attached to the roof tiles by printing may cause the printed information to be unreadable if the ink discolors or fades over time. Therefore, the integrity of information over a long period is not sufficient, and the printed information cannot be used for long-term quality assurance. Further, in the form of symbols and characters, the amount of information that can be described in a limited area is not so large.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a roofing material to which information is attached in a method suitable for long-term quality assurance, and a laser marking method and a laser marking device for attaching information to the roofing material. Is to provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a roof material capable of facilitating on-site work and reducing labor in roofing work, and a laser marking method and laser marking for attaching letters and symbols to the roof material. To provide an apparatus.

Its object is achieved, according to the roofing material according to claim 1, single or in a plurality of roofing material consisting of cement tiles to be laid on the roof surface, the roofing material, based on the shape of the roof surface The arrangement is determined, and a plurality of stages arranged in a horizontal horizontal row are arranged in a plurality of stages in the roof gradient direction and include a shape different from the standard shape corresponding to the position of the arrangement. The surface of the roof material is directly laser-marked with visible information at a position where it is not exposed to the outside when laid on the roof surface, and the visible information is the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, to contain information identifying the sequence position of the roof material on the top surface is solved by.
As described above, the roof material according to claim 1 is a roof material made of cement tile, and the arrangement of the roof materials is determined based on the shape of the roof surface, and a plurality of the roof materials are arranged in a horizontal horizontal row. The steps are arranged in a plurality of steps in the roof gradient direction, and include a shape different from the standard shape corresponding to the position of the arrangement, and the surface of the roof material is laid on the roof surface. a position not exposed to the outside when the visible information is laser marked directly, the visible information, identification and the roof surface on which the roofing material is laid, the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof, the Information to be included. For this reason, manufacturing history information necessary for recycling and long-term quality assurance can be directly attached to the cement roof tiles by laser marking in which the information is well maintained over a long period of time. The laser-marked information does not become unreadable due to dirt, fading, discoloration, etc. unlike printed information, and is reliably maintained for a long period of time. In addition, unlike electronic information carriers such as IC tags, traces always remain when information is rewritten, so that it is easy to find it when it is illegally rewritten. Furthermore, even if exposed to a severe environment such as high heat, the information is not destroyed unless the marked site is physically destroyed. Therefore, information can be attached to the roofing material in a mode suitable for long-term quality assurance. In addition, since the laser-marked information is not exposed to the outside after the roof material is laid, the appearance of the roof is not impaired, which is preferable.

  At this time, as described in claim 2, it is preferable that the visible information is laser-marked only on the coating layer of the roofing material. In this way, only the paint layer is physically changed by the laser marking, and the main part of the roofing material is not affected by the laser marking. Therefore, the roof material does not deteriorate from the marking portion, and the durability is not adversely affected.

As described in claim 3, it is preferable that the visible information includes a two-dimensional code . In addition, as described in claim 4, it is preferable that the information stored in the two-dimensional code includes manufacturing history information of the roof material.

As this, when converted into two-dimensional code, the certain area may be marked more information compared to character information. Therefore, the manufacturing history information can be directly laser-marked on each roofing material, and the manufacturing history information necessary for quality assurance can be obtained directly from each roofing material without accessing the database or the like each time. Can be read. In addition, the laser-marked information does not become unreadable due to dirt, fading, discoloration, etc. unlike printed information, and is reliably maintained for a long period of time. Furthermore, unlike an electronic information carrier such as an IC tag, a trace always remains when information is rewritten, so that it is easy to find it when it is illegally rewritten. Further, even when exposed to a severe environment such as high heat, the information is not destroyed unless the marked site is physically destroyed. Therefore, information can be attached to the roofing material in a mode suitable for long-term quality assurance.
In the manufacturing history information, for example, as described in claim 5 , at least the constituent material of the roofing material, the coating specification, the manufacturing time, the manufacturing factory, the shipping accuracy, the fixed specification, the roof specification, and the installer Information about either can be included.

In addition, as described in claim 6 , the two-dimensional code is a unit cell in which dots formed by laser light irradiation are arranged vertically and horizontally in n × n or n × m (where n and m are natural numbers). It can be formed by either a unit cell that is formed in a rectangular shape by continuous irradiation of laser light, or a unit cell that is formed in a rectangular shape by continuous irradiation of laser light. Thus, the marking of the two-dimensional code can be performed by various methods. In particular, in marking with dots (so-called dot marking), by arranging the dots vertically and horizontally in the cells, cells having a uniform depth can be formed, so that the reading accuracy of the two-dimensional code can be improved. it can.

And as for Claim 7 , when the said roofing material is pre-cut-processed in the shape according to the said arrangement position, it is suitable. Furthermore, as described in claim 8 , it is preferable that the roof material is formed into a shape corresponding to the arrangement position. In this way, if the roof material is pre-cut at a factory or the like or formed into a pre-cut shape, it is not necessary to process the roof material at the site. Accordingly, the labor on site is reduced, and noise and dust associated with site processing are not generated. In addition, if it is processed at the factory, it is easy to recycle all the mill ends. On the other hand, since various types of precut materials having slightly different dimensions and shapes are generated, the roofing work performed by bringing these materials together on site is complicated and prone to errors. Therefore, for the roof material that has been pre-cut in advance, the surface of the roof material is laser-marked with a number or symbol that can specify the laying position, thereby facilitating on-site work in roofing work and reducing labor. You can plan.

And the said subject is a laser marking method which marks the visible information by irradiating the laser beam to the surface of the roof material of the pre-cut shape according to the laser marking method of Claim 9 , Comprising: The said roof material Based on the acquired data, the data acquisition step for acquiring data relating to the shape, the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface, A marking pattern generation step for generating a marking pattern including identification information for specifying a roof surface to be laid and an arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface; and a property and shape of the marking pattern and the roof material Accordingly, the laser irradiation unit is controlled, and the markin is not exposed to the outside when laid on the roof surface among the surfaces of the roof material. And a laser marking step of performing, in the laser marking step, when performing marking, laser pulse frequency, in performing laser marking on the surface of the cement tile is 7000 Hz, the laser marking on the back of the cement tile The scanning speed when moving the irradiation position while continuously irradiating the laser beam is set to 1000 mm / second when performing the vector marking, and the dot marking is performed per 1 mm when performing the dot marking. This is solved by setting the density of 20 dots / mm .

As described above , according to the laser marking method of the ninth aspect , the marking pattern formed on the surface of the cement roof tile of the present example having various colors by the above setting has good visibility. Yes, easy to identify visually. In addition, a precise pattern is clearly formed.
In this way, a marking pattern for specifying the laying position of the roof material is marked on the surface of the pre-cut roof material by irradiation with laser light. Therefore, in the roofing work in which the precut material is laid, it is possible to facilitate on-site work and reduce labor. In addition, since the laser-marked information is not exposed to the outside after the roof material is laid, the appearance of the roof is not impaired, which is preferable.

Further, according to claim 10 , in the data acquisition step, the manufacturing history information of the roof material is acquired, and in the marking pattern generation step, the marking includes a two-dimensional code in which the manufacturing history information is stored. It is preferable to generate a pattern. In this way, manufacturing history information necessary for quality assurance can be directly read from each roofing material, and access to the information is facilitated. Moreover, since the information attached by laser marking is reliably maintained over a long period of time, the information can be attached in a mode suitable for long-term quality assurance.

And the said subject is a laser marking apparatus of Claim 11 , and controls the laser irradiation part which irradiates the laser beam on the surface of the roof material of the pre-cut shape, and performs a marking directly, and the said laser irradiation part A control unit that includes: a shape of the roof material; a roof surface on which the roof material is laid; and an arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface. And an input means for inputting data on the laser beam, and generating a marking pattern based on the data input via the input means, and the laser irradiation unit according to the marking pattern and the property and shape of the roofing material. a controls the said control unit, the laser pulse frequency, in performing laser marking on the surface of the cement tile is 7000 Hz, the cement tile When performing laser marking on the back side, the scanning speed is 1000 mm / second when moving the irradiation position while continuously irradiating the laser beam when performing vector marking, and when performing dot marking, The density per mm is 20 dots / mm .

Thus, according to the laser marking device of claim 11 , the marking pattern based on the identification information for specifying the laying position of the roofing material can be directly laser-marked on the surface of the precut roofing material. In addition, the marking pattern formed on the surface of the cement roof tile of this example having various color tones has good visibility, is easy to identify visually, and a precise pattern is clearly formed. Therefore, in the roofing work in which the precut material is laid, it is possible to facilitate on-site work and reduce labor.

In addition, according to claim 12 , the manufacturing means information of the roofing material is input to the input means, and the control unit includes a marking including a two-dimensional code in which the manufacturing history information of the roofing material is stored. It is preferable that the pattern is generated. In this way, manufacturing history information necessary for quality assurance can be directly read from each roofing material, and access to the information is facilitated. Moreover, since the information attached by laser marking is reliably maintained over a long period of time, the information can be attached in a mode suitable for long-term quality assurance.

As described above, according to the present invention, on the surface of the roof material made of cement tile, visible information such as symbols and numbers for specifying the laying position of the roof material, particularly the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, visual information including identification information for identifying the sequence position of the roofing, the on the roof surface is directly marked by laser light irradiation. Therefore, for example, when manufacturing a roof material made of many types of pre-cut materials at a factory, and carrying it into the site to perform roofing work, it is possible to facilitate on-site work and reduce work labor. The construction period can be shortened. This reduces construction costs.
And since visible information is marked in the position which is not exposed outside after a roof material is laid, it does not impair the external appearance of a roof, and is suitable.

  In addition, since a two-dimensional code storing manufacturing history information necessary for quality assurance is directly attached to each roof material by laser marking, it is possible to read information directly from each roof material. Is easy to access. Moreover, since the information attached by laser marking is reliably maintained over a long period of time, the information can be attached in a mode suitable for long-term quality assurance.

  Since the laser marking is applied only to the coating layer of the roof material, only the coating layer is physically affected by the laser marking, and the main part of the roof material is affected by the laser marking. Is not enough. Therefore, the roof material does not deteriorate from the marking portion, and the durability is not adversely affected.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Further, the arrangement, shape, and the like described below do not limit the present invention, and various modifications can be made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 9 are diagrams showing an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a cement tile marked with visible information of the example, and FIG. 2 is a roof surface on which the cement tile of the example is laid. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a state in which dots are drilled in a coating layer of a cement roof tile, which is a workpiece, and FIG. 4 is covered with another roof tile. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing an array of two-dimensional code dots having the same data amount and different sizes, and FIG. 6 is a two-dimensional data having the same size but different data amounts. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the laser marking device of the embodiment, FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the laser marker of the embodiment, and FIG. 9 is an illustration of the laser marking method of the embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of a process.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a symbol indicating the laying position is attached to the conventional roof tile by hand, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a state where a symbol indicating the laying position is attached to the conventional roof tile. FIG.

(Roofing material)
In the present embodiment, cement roofs 70 and 71 manufactured by press-molding mortar mixed with reinforcing fibers with a mold will be described as an example of the roofing material. Since this cement roof tile is mixed with reinforcing fibers, it is lighter and stronger than ordinary earthen roof tiles. As shown in FIG. 1 (A), the cement roof tile 70 is formed in a substantially square shape as a whole. Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, the cement roof tile 71 is a part of the standard shape (substantially square shape) cement roof 70 shown in FIG. It is made into a shape. The cement tiles 70 and 71 are coated with a paint on the surface of the tile base material to form a coating layer. This coating layer is formed, for example, by overlapping a coating film made of an aqueous fluorine paint on a coating film made of an organic paint.

First, the arrangement of the cement tiles 70 and 71 on the roof surface will be described.
The cement tiles 70 and 71 are fixedly attached to the roof base material by a joining means such as a nail, a screw, or an adhesive, and the arrangement position thereof is determined based on the shape of the roof surface. For example, the dormitory roof R as shown in FIG. 2A has six roof surfaces, a roof surface a to a roof surface f. On the plurality of roof surfaces, a plurality of steps in which a plurality of cement tiles are arranged in a horizontal horizontal row are arranged in a plurality of steps in the roof gradient direction.

  FIG. 2B shows an arrangement of the cement tiles 70 and 71 on the roof surface c. As for the side of the roof surface c, the side contacting the roof surface f and the roof surface d is a corner ridge, and the side contacting the roof surface b is a valley. The sides on the valley side are inclined based on the roof slope. As for the tiles arranged on the roof surface c, a standard-shaped cement tile 70 is arranged at an intermediate portion (for example, the position of c1) of each step arranged in a horizontal row. Moreover, the cement roof tiles 71 located at the end of the trough side of each step arranged in a horizontal row have a shape cut obliquely along the inclination of the side. That is, as shown in FIG. 1B, the cement roof tiles 71 arranged at c3 to c8 that are the end portions on the valley side have a shape in which one end is cut obliquely.

  On the other hand, the side edge on the corner ridge portion side of the roof surface c is similarly inclined, but the cement tile located at c2 which is the end portion on the corner ridge portion side is cut according to the inclination of the side edge. Rather, it is a corner tile for the corner building. The corner roof tile is, for example, a bent roof tile straddling the roof surface d and the roof surface c, and is arranged so as to extend to the roof surface d side as indicated by a dotted line in FIG. ing. Corner building tiles of the same shape are laid at the end on the corner building side. Therefore, the arrangement of the cement tiles 70 and 71 on the roof surface c is such that the corner building tile is first arranged on the corner building side, and the standard shape cement tiles 70 are sequentially arranged in a horizontal row from there to the valley side. Positioning is performed, and finally the cement roof tile 71 at the end on the valley side is cut and arranged in a shape that matches the inclination of the side.

  As described above, on the roof surface c, the cement tile 71 at the end on the valley side is cut with various dimensions according to the shape of the roof surface, and the overall dimension adjustment is performed. For example, on the roof surface where both sides are corner ridges, such as the roof surface e, corner ridge tiles having the same shape are used at both ends of each step. Therefore, instead of cutting the roof tiles at the end and adjusting the dimensions, the entire dimensions can be adjusted by cutting any one of the roof tiles located in the middle of each step so as to be narrow. Will be.

Therefore, in order to lay a general-purpose cement roof tile 70 formed into a certain standard shape without gaps on the roof surface of various shapes, at least one roof tile for each step of the arrangement on the roof surface should be dimensioned. It is necessary to cut for adjustment. And this cutting work can be done each time at the site of roofing work, but doing so increases the work effort at the site, increases the waste due to the generation of scraps and dust accompanying processing, Since problems such as noise occur, it is efficient to pre-cut at the factory in advance. When pre-cutting is performed, waste is generated in the factory, so that the labor and cost of collecting from each construction site are not required, and the use can be efficiently performed.
Further, when a painted product is cut, a process such as repainting of the cut surface is required. Therefore, it is preferable to perform the painting process after pre-cutting after forming in the shape of a general-purpose product, because the re-painting process becomes unnecessary. In addition, this is preferable because the end material is not painted, and therefore it is easy to recycle.

  Instead of cutting the standard shape cement roof tile 70 to obtain a desired precut shape, the roof tile may be pre-shaped into a precut shape. In this way, the scrap material generated by the cutting does not occur in the first place, so that the waste is reduced and the raw material can be used without waste.

Next, the markings applied to the standard shape cement tile 70 and the precut shape cement tile 71 will be described.
The tiles 71 that have been pre-cut for dimension adjustment have different sizes and shapes, and therefore cannot be used unless they are arranged at the correct arrangement position. Therefore, as described in the section of the prior art, characters and the like are usually marked so that the laying position can be specified at the time of pre-cutting. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 described in the section of the prior art, an alphanumeric character “C8” is conventionally marked with handwriting or a sticker. The alphanumeric character specifies the roof surface on which the tile is laid and the laying position on the roof surface. That is, “C” in “C8” indicates the roof surface c, and “8” is a number assigned in advance to the arrangement position of each tile. In the present invention, this marking is performed by laser marking, not printing or sealing.

  FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the paint layer of the cement tile according to the present invention. In the laser marking of the present invention, the coating layer 70a formed on the surfaces of the cement roof tiles 70 and 71 is thermally deformed by irradiation with a laser beam to form dots, and a marking pattern is constituted by the arrangement of the dots. . For example, the dot has a diameter of 30 μm, and the dot is arranged on the surface of the material to be marked by intermittently irradiating the laser beam while controlling the irradiation position of the laser beam to the coordinate position of each dot. Can do. In the dot marking, the marking pattern can be formed with a certain depth, so that the visibility of the marking pattern is good. The marking pattern can be an arbitrary pattern as long as it is composed of an array of fine dots in addition to characters, symbols, figures, logo marks, and the like. For example, it is possible to express a precise pattern like a photograph.

  Note that the marking pattern can be configured by a so-called vector marking method instead of the dot arrangement. In this method, the laser beam irradiation position is scanned in the vertical or horizontal direction while continuously irradiating the laser beam, so that the marking region is filled with a line having a beam width to form a marking pattern.

  When laser marking is performed, dots are formed in the coating layer 70a of the cement tile 70 as shown in FIG. Thus, since the coating layer 70a is physically deformed, the ink or pigment does not fade due to aging and become unreadable as in printing. Therefore, the information is held so that it can be read over a long period of time. The dots are formed only in the coating layer 70a of the cement roof tile 70. Thereby, since it does not affect the base material layer 70b of the cement roof tile 70, the marking portion does not deteriorate, and the durability of the roof tile is not impaired.

  In this embodiment, laser marking is performed after precut processing. In addition, when pre-cutting a product that has already been painted, marking may be performed before the pre-cut. In this case, if a precut mark indicating which part is to be cut is marked at the same time, it is easy to position the cut position in the precut processing step, which is preferable.

  The position where the laser marking is applied is preferably a position that is not exposed to the outside when laid on the roof surface among the surface on the back side of the cement tile, as well as the surface on the back side of the cement tile. Generally, roof tiles are laid while partially overlapping as shown in FIG. The arrow Z shown in FIG. 4 indicates the inclination direction of the roof slope, and the surface on the front side of the precut cement tile 71 located on the lower side of the slope is a cement in which the portion indicated by the oblique line is located on the upper side of the slope. Covered with tiles 70. Accordingly, if a marking pattern is arranged at this portion of the surface on the front side of the cement tile 71, the marking pattern is covered with the other cement tile 70 when the roofing work is finished, and thus the exterior appearance of the roof. Will not be damaged. Of course, if the cement roof tile has a sufficient thickness, the side surface of the roof tile can be marked.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 (A) and 1 (B), the standard-shaped roof tile 70 and the pre-cut cement roof tile 71, which are the roofing material of the present invention, have characters, symbols and the like (for example, In addition to “C8”), the manufacturing history information of the cement roof tiles 70 and 71 is converted into the two-dimensional code 1 and marked.
The production history information includes, for example, specific information such as the tile production time, production factory, production person in charge, shipping accuracy, precut processing information, properties of the base material of the tile, constituent materials, coating specifications, heat conduction, etc. Product information such as rate, fastening specifications such as fastening materials and base materials, workable roof specifications, manufacturer name of manufacturer, processing method at the time of recycling, and other data as required Can be added. For example, when manufacturing specially-designed roof tiles for each customer, it shall include information on the construction company and housing maker that is the delivery destination, information on the building where the roof is constructed, information on the installer and construction method, etc. be able to. In addition, when a special contract is made with the delivery destination for the roofing material of the present invention, for example, when a warranty contract such as free repair / replacement under a predetermined condition is made, or when the building is dismantled, the tile is removed. When a contract for collection and recycling is made, information on the contents of the contract may be included.
In this way, manufacturing history information necessary for recycling and long-term quality assurance can be directly attached to cement roof tiles by laser marking that allows good information maintenance over a long period of time.

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the two-dimensional code 1 is a combination of black cells 2a and white cells 2b arranged in a matrix to form a light and dark pattern. Corresponding to 0 and 1, two-dimensional array data having 1 bit per cell is formed. As the format, a data matrix, Veri code, QR code, Aztec code, Maxi code, PDF417, micro PDF, or the like can be used.

  In the present invention, the two-dimensional code 1 is, for example, a dark pattern unit cell in which dots 5 having a substantially circular shape in plan view are arranged vertically and horizontally in n × n or n × m (where n and m are natural numbers), It is formed by arranging such square or rectangular unit cells. The dots 5 do not have to be substantially circular in plan view and may be substantially rectangular in plan view. The unit cell is formed by one or a plurality of dots. When the unit cell is formed by a plurality of dots, the dots are aligned vertically and horizontally by a specified step size.

  The process of converting the manufacturing history information into a two-dimensional code is performed as follows. First, when the size of a two-dimensional code and data to be two-dimensionally coded are specified, the data is applied to a conversion format to be two-dimensionally coded, and the size of a unit cell forming the two-dimensional code is determined. Then, after the size of the unit cell is determined, n and m are appropriately set by designating the dot size and the distance (step size) or density between the dots. That is, as shown in FIG. 5 (B), the two-dimensional code 1 can be configured as one dot per cell, or as shown in FIG. 5 (A), one cell is composed of, for example, 4 × 4 dots 5 The two-dimensional code 1 can also be configured as an array. Thus, the size of the two-dimensional code 1 can be adjusted according to the area of the space that can be marked.

Even when the data amount of the manufacturing history information stored in the two-dimensional code becomes large, it is possible to perform marking with the same size as the two-dimensional code in which a small amount of data is stored. In the normal two-dimensional encoding process, the cell size is first determined, so that the size of the two-dimensional code increases as the amount of data increases. However, since the two-dimensional encoding process in the present invention is dot marking, the two-dimensional code 1 is used regardless of the amount of data included in the two-dimensional code 1 as shown in FIGS. 6 (A) and 6 (B). The size of can be made constant.
That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the data amount is small, the total number of cells constituting the two-dimensional code 1 is reduced, but the unit cell size is increased. In this case, the unit cell is composed of dots 5 arranged in 6 × 6. On the other hand, when the amount of data is large as shown in FIG. 6B, the total number of cells constituting the two-dimensional code 1 increases, but the unit cell size decreases. In this case, the unit cell is composed of dots 5 arranged in 1 × 1. The dot size and step size are set to be the same.

  As described above, in the cement tile 70 which is the roofing material of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 4, for example, the laying position is specified at a portion covered with another cement tile. Visible information (for example, “C8”) is marked by laser light irradiation. As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, in addition to the visible information for specifying the laying position, the manufacturing history information is converted into a two-dimensional code 1 and marked by laser light irradiation. ing.

Next, the laying work of the roof material to which laser marking is applied will be described.
The cement roof tile 70 formed into a standard shape and the cement roof tile 71 processed or formed into a pre-cut shape are subjected to marking, then packed in a factory, and transported to the site. At this time, if the same identification symbol as that marked on the cement roof tile 71 is also attached to the outside of the packaging, the packaging tile can be identified, and for example, tiles laid nearby are handled together. Therefore, convenience is improved. Further, if a plurality of tiles to be laid nearby are packed together and removed from the package in the order in which they are laid, convenience is further improved and labor is reduced. Then, the unpacked cement tile 71 is arranged on the roof surface while confirming the marked array number and the array number described in the construction drawing together, and is fixed on the roof base. The

  As described above, the cement tiles 70 and 71 of the present invention are marked with characters and symbols (for example, “C8”) for specifying the laying position, so that the roofer can lay each tile at the time of construction. The position can be easily identified, field work is facilitated, and the construction period can be shortened. As a result, construction costs are reduced.

(Laser marking device)
Next, the laser marking device S of the present invention will be described. The laser marking device S is preferably used for laser marking on roof materials such as cement tiles, and as shown in FIG. 7, a data control device 10 as a control unit and a laser marker as a laser irradiation unit. 40.

  The data control device 10 includes a control unit 11 including a CPU that performs various arithmetic processes and controls, an operation unit 12 including a keyboard and a mouse, and a display unit 13 including a monitor and a liquid crystal screen. , An input unit 14 composed of an interface board for capturing information attached to the roofing material, a communication unit 15 composed of a modem connected to the communication line network I, and various data A storage unit 16 and the like are provided.

  Various devices for capturing data relating to the roofing material are connected to the input unit 14 as the input means of the present invention. For example, an electronic recording medium reader capable of acquiring data from an electronic recording medium storing data such as roofing material specifications and a roof drawing on which the roofing material is laid, a roofing material precut processing line management device, and a roofing material Forming line management device, roofing paint line management device, etc.

  A communication line network I such as the Internet or a network line in a factory is connected to the communication unit 15. Thereby, it is possible to access an external terminal or a host computer in the factory via the communication line network I and acquire necessary data. The roof material pre-cut processing line management device, the roof material molding line management device, and the roof material coating line management device connected to the input unit 14 are accessed via the communication network I. It can also be.

  The storage unit 16 includes a ROM 16a, a RAM 16b, a hard disk 16c, and the like. The ROM 16a stores a control program for operating the CPU 11, and the RAM 16b is used as a work area for temporarily storing data. The hard disk 16c stores parameter information. In this information, the conditions for performing laser marking are set according to the property, shape, and the like of the roofing material that is the marking target material. Conditions include laser frequency, output, number of printing, beam diameter, irradiation time, and the like. These conditions are read by the CPU 11 when performing laser marking.

In addition, as mentioned above, the base material of the cement tile which is the material to be marked of this example is manufactured by press-molding mortar mixed with reinforcing fibers, and the main constituent materials are cement, fly ash, vinylon Polymer resin fibers such as fibers, resin lightweight aggregates such as small particle size EPS, special carbon, and the like. A coating film made of an organic coating is formed on the surface, and a coating film made of an aqueous fluorine coating is formed thereon, and the total thickness of the coating is about 120 μm.
And when performing laser marking on the cement roof tile of this example, it is preferable to set the above-mentioned parameters as follows, for example. The laser pulse frequency is set to 7000 Hz when laser marking is performed on the surface of the cement roof tile. On the other hand, in order to perform laser marking on the back surface of the cement roof tile, the frequency is set to 15000 Hz. When performing vector marking, the scanning speed when moving the irradiation position while continuously irradiating a laser beam is set to 1000 mm / second, and when performing dot marking, the density per dot of 1 mm Is set to 20 dots / mm. The number of times of printing is one. With the settings as described above, it was confirmed that the marking pattern formed on the surface of the cement roof tile of this example having various color tones had good visibility and was easily identified by visual observation. It was also confirmed that a precise pattern was clearly formed.

  The laser marker 40 is suitably used for marking marking patterns such as characters, figures, and two-dimensional codes. For example, a conventionally known YAG laser, CO2 laser, YVO4 laser, UV laser, green laser, and the like are used. is there. In this example, a configuration in which the data control device 10 and the laser marker 40 are installed on a one-to-one basis is shown. For example, when marking is performed on a precut processing line in a precut factory, the data control device 10 On the other hand, a plurality of laser markers 40 may be connected, and the laser marker 40 that emits laser light having a suitable wavelength may be selected according to the material of the roof material that is the marking target material. FIG. 7 shows a configuration of a YAG laser device as an example of the laser marker 40. In the laser marker 40, the laser beam output from the YAG laser oscillator 50 is changed in optical path by the leveling mirror 56, narrowed by the aperture 55, and then expanded by the Galileo expander 57. Further, after the beam diameter is adjusted by the aperture 58, it is attenuated by the attenuator 46, then the optical path is changed / adjusted by the galvano mirror 47, condensed by the fθ lens 59, and irradiated on the surface of the roofing material.

  The YAG laser oscillator 50 is provided with an ultrasonic Q switch element 43 for obtaining pulsed laser light having an extremely high peak output (peak value). The YAG laser oscillator 50 further includes a total reflection mirror 51, an internal aperture 52, a lamp house 53, an internal shutter 44, and an output mirror 54, and an external shutter 45 is provided on the output side of the YAG laser oscillator 50. The ultrasonic Q switch element 43, the internal shutter 44, the external shutter 45, the attenuator 46, and the galvanometer mirror 47 are controlled by the controller 41. The controller 41 performs the above control based on the data transmitted from the data control device 10.

(Laser marking method)
Next, the laser marking method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In a factory where tile pre-cut processing or pre-cut shape molding is performed, a laser marker 40 is disposed on a cement tile pre-cut processing line.

  First, in a data acquisition step, data for manufacturing history information including an ID for identifying a cement roof tile during precut processing and precut processing information is acquired from a precut processing line management device. The precut information includes information on the shape of the cement tile after the precut, the roof surface on which the cement tile is laid, and the arrangement position of the cement tile on the roof surface. Based on the ID, data such as product history information and specifications of the cement tile is acquired from a host computer in the factory, an electronic recording medium, or a database stored in an external terminal as necessary (step S1). ). It is also possible to manually input data on the spot as needed.

  Next, in the marking pattern generation step, the initial information is converted into the two-dimensional code 1 by the control unit 11 of the data control device 10. In the two-dimensional encoding process, first, data to be two-dimensionally encoded is designated from the data acquired in the above-described data acquisition step, and these are applied to a conversion format to be two-dimensionally encoded (step S2). The size of the cell is determined by specifying the size of the two-dimensional code 1, and the configuration of the dark pattern cell is determined by specifying the dot size, the distance between dots (step size), or the density. Is done. At this time, the coordinate position of each dot constituting the two-dimensional code 1 is determined, and a marking pattern is generated (step S3).

  Next, in the laser marking step, the cement roof tile for marking the two-dimensional code and the material of the coating layer are designated. The processing diameter and depth of the dot are also affected by the laser power, the Q switch frequency, the dot irradiation time, the number of times, the laser wavelength, etc., so these optimum values are designated according to the material to be marked ( Step S4). Data on the parameters is stored in the hard disk 16c, and the operator can specify an optimum value from the parameter data stored in the hard disk 16c. The coordinate position, parameter value, and the like of each dot designated as described above are sent to the laser marker 40 as a control signal (step S5). Then, the laser marker 40 sequentially marks the surface of the cement tile processed on the precut processing line with the two-dimensional code 1 including the manufacturing history information based on the control signal (step S6).

  When marking characters, symbols, images, etc. instead of two-dimensional codes, in step S2, characters, symbols, images, etc. to be marked are converted into bitmap data instead of performing a two-dimensional coding process. Process. Then, by specifying the marking pattern size and dot size, the distance between dots (step size) or density, the coordinate position of each dot constituting the marking pattern is determined as in the case of the two-dimensional code 1. The

It is explanatory drawing which shows the cement roof tile in which the visible information of the Example was marked. It is explanatory drawing which shows arrangement | positioning of the shape of the roof surface in which the cement tile of an Example is laid, and the pre-cut shape cement tile. It is sectional drawing which shows the state by which the dot was drilled in the coating layer of the cement tile which is a to-be-processed body. It is explanatory drawing which shows the cement roof tile marked in the site | part covered with another roof tile. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | sequence of the dot of the two-dimensional code from which the data amount is the same and from which size differs. It is explanatory drawing which shows the arrangement | sequence of the dot of the two-dimensional code from which the magnitude | size is the same and the data amount differs. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the laser marking apparatus of an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the laser marker of an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the flow of the process of the laser marking method of an Example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the symbol which shows the laying position by the handwriting was attached | subjected to the roof tile of the prior art example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state by which the symbol which shows the laying position with the seal | sticker was attached | subjected to the roof tile of the prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

1 2D code, 2 cells, 2a black cell, 2b white cell, 5 dots, 10 data control device, 11 control unit (CPU), 12 operation unit, 13 display unit, 14 input unit, 15 communication unit, 16 storage unit , 16a ROM, 16b RAM, 16c Hard disk, 40 Laser marker, 41 Controller, 43 Switch element, 44 Internal shutter, 45 External shutter, 46 Attenuator, 47 Galvano mirror, 50 Laser oscillator, 51 Total reflection mirror, 52 Internal aperture, 53 Lamp House, 54 output mirror, 55 aperture, 56 leveling mirror, 57 Galileo expander, 58 aperture, 59 lens, 70 to 72 cement tile, 70a paint layer, 71b base material layer, a to f roof surface, c1 to c8 laying Position, I Communication times Wire network, R ridge roof, S laser marking device

Claims (12)

In a roof material made of cement tiles laid on a single or a plurality of roof surfaces, the arrangement of the roof materials is determined based on the shape of the roof surface, and a plurality of them are arranged in a horizontal horizontal row. The step is laid and arranged in a plurality of steps in the roof gradient direction, and includes a shape different from the standard shape corresponding to the position of the array ,
On the surface of the roof material, visible information is directly laser-marked at a position where it is not exposed to the outside when laid on the roof surface,
The visible information, roofing, characterized in that it contains said roof surface on which the roofing material is laid, the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof, the information identifying the.   The roof material according to claim 1, wherein the visible information is laser-marked only on a coating layer of the roof material. The roof material according to claim 1 , wherein the visible information includes a two-dimensional code. The roof material according to claim 3 , wherein the information stored in the two-dimensional code includes manufacturing history information of the roof material. The manufacturing history information includes information on at least one of the constituent material, the coating specification, the manufacturing time, the manufacturing factory, the shipping accuracy, the fixed specification, the roof specification, and the installer of the roofing material. The roofing material according to claim 4 . The two-dimensional code is a unit cell in which dots formed by laser beam irradiation are arranged vertically and horizontally in n × n or n × m (where n and m are natural numbers), and rectangular by continuous laser beam irradiation. The roof material according to claim 4 , wherein the roof material is formed by either a unit cell formed by being painted over or a unit cell surrounded by a rectangular shape by continuous irradiation of laser light. The roof material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the roof material is pre-cut into a shape different from a standard shape according to the arrangement position. The roof material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the roof material is formed into a shape different from a standard shape according to the arrangement position. A laser marking method for marking visible information by irradiating a surface of a roof material with laser light,
A data acquisition step for acquiring data relating to the shape of the roof material, the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, and the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface;
Based on the acquired data, a marking pattern generation step for generating a marking pattern including identification information for specifying a roof surface on which the roof material is laid and an arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface;
A laser marking step of controlling the laser irradiation unit according to the marking pattern and the property and shape of the roof material, and marking the surface of the roof material that is not exposed to the outside when laid on the roof surface and, with a,
In the laser marking step, when marking is performed, the laser pulse frequency is 7000 Hz when laser marking is performed on the surface of the cement roof tile, and 15000 Hz is performed when laser marking is performed on the back surface of the cement roof tile. In this case, the scanning speed when moving the irradiation position while continuously irradiating the laser beam is set to 1000 mm / second, and when performing dot marking, the density per 1 mm of dots is set to 20 dots / mm. laser marking method characterized by comprising Te. In the data acquisition step, the manufacturing history information of the roofing material is acquired,
The laser marking method according to claim 9 , wherein in the marking pattern generation step, a marking pattern including a two-dimensional code storing the manufacturing history information is generated. A laser marking device comprising: a laser irradiation unit that directly marks a surface of a roof material by irradiating a laser beam; and a control unit that controls the laser irradiation unit,
The control unit includes input means for inputting data regarding the shape of the roof material, the roof surface on which the roof material is laid, and the arrangement position of the roof material on the roof surface, and the input Generating a marking pattern based on data input through the means, and controlling the laser irradiation unit according to the marking pattern and the property and shape of the roofing material ,
The control unit continuously applies a laser pulse frequency of 7000 Hz when laser marking is performed on the surface of the cement roof tile, 15000 Hz when laser marking is performed on the back surface of the cement roof tile, and a laser beam when performing vector marking. A laser marking device characterized in that the scanning speed when moving the irradiation position while irradiating is 1000 mm / second, and the density per dot is 20 dots / mm when dot marking is performed . In the input means, manufacturing history information of the roofing material is input,
The laser marking device according to claim 11 , wherein the control unit generates a marking pattern including a two-dimensional code in which manufacturing history information of the roof material is stored.

Images