JP4394518B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator or a hydraulic crane, and in particular, a driver's seat or the like is inclined obliquely upward together with a floor plate with respect to a frame so that maintenance work and the like on the lower side of the floor can be easily performed. Related to construction machinery.

  In general, a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine is provided with a self-propelled lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body, and a front-rear side of the upper revolving body that can be raised and lowered. And a work device.

  Further, the upper swing body includes a swing frame, an engine mounted on the rear side of the swing frame, a counterweight located on the rear side of the engine and attached to a rear end portion of the swing frame, and the engine And a building such as a canopy or a cab that is provided on the revolving frame and covers a driver's seat or the like that is provided on the floor plate and sits at least from above.

  Here, the hydraulic excavator includes a small excavator called a mini excavator suitable for excavation work in a narrow work site. Further, in such a small hydraulic excavator, for example, a space for installing hydraulic equipment such as a control valve and a swing motor is secured below the floor plate in order to make the swing frame as small as possible.

  When performing maintenance work on equipment such as control valves, swing motors, and engines installed on the lower side of the floorboard, the floorboard is raised and lowered so that the rear side is lifted diagonally upward with the front side position of the floorboard as a fulcrum. There is known a structure that is tilted to (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  In this case, a floor plate support mechanism is provided between the front side position of the swivel frame and the front side position of the floor plate so that the floor plate can be tilted forward and backward together with the driver's seat etc. with the front side position of the floor plate as a fulcrum. Is provided. In addition, a gas damper made of a gas spring or the like is provided between the revolving frame and the floor plate, and the floor plate is inclined obliquely upward with the floor plate support mechanism as a fulcrum by the urging force of the gas damper.

  As another conventional technique, an exhaust pipe provided in an engine of a work vehicle is provided to extend outside the engine room, and an extension portion of the exhaust pipe extends upward along a rear column such as a cab or a canopy of the vehicle. Also, a configuration in which engine exhaust gas is discharged to the outside from its upper end is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4).

JP 2000-72048 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 52-102625 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-65125 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-256616

  By the way, in the work vehicle according to the other prior art described above (for example, Patent Documents 2, 3, and 4), the front end portion of the exhaust pipe is extended upward along the rear column such as the cab or the canopy outside the engine room. Since the exhaust gas of the engine is discharged to the outside from the upper end portion, the exhaust gas does not enter the driver's seat side of the vehicle and can keep the operator's living environment in the cab or canopy well. There is an advantage.

  However, as in the prior art described in Patent Document 1, in a small construction machine in which the floor plate is tilted obliquely upward together with a building such as a cab or canopy, the engine exhaust pipe is connected to the outside of the engine room. Or when it is set as the structure extended along a canopy etc., the following problems will arise.

  In other words, in order to tilt the cab or canopy building diagonally upward together with the floorboard during maintenance work, etc., it is necessary to provide an extension of the exhaust pipe separately from the building. There is a problem that it is difficult to support stably above the frame of the construction machine.

  In addition, when a special support means is provided to support the extension of the exhaust pipe above the frame, this not only increases the number of parts, but also requires extra work for the assembly work. There is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art. An object of the present invention is to connect the exhaust pipe in a separable manner, for example, inside and outside the engine room, so It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine that can be partly tilted together with a building and can easily perform maintenance and inspection work of an engine and the like.

  Another object of the present invention is to extend a part of the exhaust pipe upward along the building, thereby preventing the exhaust gas from the engine from entering the driver's seat and entering the driver's living environment. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine that can maintain good conditions.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides a frame provided with a working device on the front side, an engine mounted on the rear side of the frame, an exhaust device that exhausts exhaust gas from the engine to the outside, a floor plate provided on said frame and positioned in front of the engine, the building covering at least the upper of the driver's seat that the operator sits is provided on the floor plate for performing a driving operation of the engine and the working device, the frame Applied to a construction machine provided with a floor board support mechanism provided between the front side position of the floor board and the front side position of the floor board and supporting the floor board with the building so as to be tiltable with the front side position of the floor board as a fulcrum. The

A feature of the configuration adopted by the invention of claim 1 is that a rear portion of the floor board is provided when the floor board is tilted down with the floor board support mechanism as a fulcrum provided on the rear side of the frame so as to straddle the engine from above. position comprising a support member having a mounting table for supporting the upper end of the exhaust system, a first exhaust one side connected to the other side to the exhaust port side of the engine is opened on the mounting table of the support member arrangement with the tube, wherein are arranged to extend upwardly along the building one end and a second exhaust pipe other end side and the open end side to a position opposed to the first exhaust pipe is opened to the atmosphere and the exhaust pipe of the second was configured to be separated from the first exhaust pipe when to pre-Symbol floor to be tilted up in a direction away from the support member through the floor plate support mechanism with building There is.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the first exhaust pipe has a configuration in which the other end side is provided so as to protrude above the mounting table of the support member, and the second side is provided on the rear side of the floor plate. A joint portion is provided to connect the lower end side of the exhaust pipe to the first exhaust pipe in a separable manner.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the joint portion is attached at a position eccentric with respect to the first exhaust pipe.

On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 4 , the first exhaust pipe includes a first silencer provided with an inlet and an outlet of the exhaust gas, and an outlet of the first silencer on one side. And the other side of the second exhaust pipe extends upward along the rear portion of the building, and the front end side is open to the atmosphere. And a second silencer provided in the middle of the pipe.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, one side of the connection pipe is connected to the outlet of the first silencer at a position substantially perpendicular to the rotation axis of the engine.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the second exhaust pipe is configured to open to the outside at a position lower than the upper end of the building and higher than the face of the operator sitting in the driver's seat.

Further, according to the invention of claim 7 , the rear end side of the frame is provided with a counterweight that is curved in an arc along a circle with a predetermined turning radius and covers the engine from the rear side, The exhaust pipe is installed at a position inside the circle of the turning radius.

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the mounting table that is provided on the rear side of the frame so as to straddle the engine from the upper side and supports the rear position of the floor plate when the floor plate is tilted down is arranged on the upper end side. a support member having an exhaust system, a first exhaust pipe one side connected to the other side to the exhaust port side of the engine is opened on the mounting table of the supporting member, the building of such key Yanopi or cab And a second exhaust pipe having one end side opened at a position facing the other end side of the first exhaust pipe and the other end side opened to the atmosphere . the exhaust pipe, since a structure that will be separated from the first exhaust pipe when tilting up through the floor plate support mechanism of the floor plate together with the building, along with the building and floor plate via a floor plate support mechanism Tilt upward (tilt up) The second exhaust pipe can be separated from the first exhaust pipe at the time of operation, and machinery (such as an engine disposed below the floor) can be easily maintained (maintenance and inspection) in a tilted state. it can.

Since the second exhaust pipe is attached to the floor plate and the building, the second exhaust pipe is supported in a stable state by the floor plate and the building without providing any special support means on the frame of the construction machine. Therefore, the number of parts can be prevented from increasing, and workability during assembly can be improved. Further, since the support member provided on the rear side of the frame so as to straddle the engine from the upper side has a mounting table on the upper end side thereof, when the floor panel is tilted down, the rear position of the floor panel is determined by the mounting table. Can be supported. Then, for example, when the floor plate side on the frame via the mounting table of the support member is placed (tilt down) by performing a driving operation, etc. of the construction machine is a rear-side in the second exhaust pipe first exhaust floorboards In this state, the exhaust gas from the engine can be discharged to the outside of the building or the like via the first and second exhaust pipes. As a result, the exhaust gas from the engine can be prevented from entering the driver's seat and entering, and the living environment of the operator in the building can be kept good, and the driving operability in the building can be improved. , Can improve the reliability as a construction machine.

Further, on the rear side of the frame, the upper side is covered by a rear side of the floor plate can be formed an engine room for housing the engine. When the floorboard is tilted together with the building (tilt up) via the floorboard support mechanism for maintenance, inspection, etc. in the engine room, the second exhaust pipe is tilted integrally with the floorboard. The second exhaust pipe can be separated from the first exhaust pipe disposed in the engine room.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the other end side of the first exhaust pipe is provided so as to protrude above the mounting table of the support member , a joint portion is provided on the rear side of the floor plate, Since the lower end side of the exhaust pipe is configured to be separably connected to the other end side of the first exhaust pipe via the joint portion, when the floor board is tilted up together with the building via the floor board support mechanism, The two exhaust pipes and the joint part can be tilted up integrally with the floor plate, and the first exhaust pipe and the second exhaust pipe can be separated from each other or connected by the joint part.

In the invention according to claim 3 , since the joint portion is mounted at a position eccentric with respect to the first exhaust pipe, the second exhaust pipe is separated from and connected to the first exhaust pipe. It can be performed smoothly by the portion, and it is possible to satisfactorily prevent the two from interfering with each other or contacting each other during the tilt-up or tilt-down operation.

On the other hand, in the invention described in claim 4 , since the first silencer is provided in the first exhaust pipe and the second silencer is provided in the second exhaust pipe, the first silencer The second silencer can be arranged in series, and after the exhaust noise of the exhaust gas generated from the engine is reduced by the first silencer, the exhaust noise can also be reduced by the second silencer. For this reason, for example, the 1st silencer provided in an engine room can be reduced in size and formed compact, and the layout design etc. in an engine room can be performed easily.

The invention according to claim 5 is configured such that one side of the connection pipe is connected to the outlet of the first silencer at a position substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis of the engine. The connecting pipe can be connected to the first silencer at the smallest position, and vibration transmitted to the connecting pipe can be suppressed to a small level.

According to the invention described in claim 6 , since the second exhaust pipe is configured to open the tip to the outside air at a position lower than the upper end of the building and higher than the face of the operator sitting in the driver's seat, It is possible to prevent the exhaust gas discharged from the tip of the two exhaust pipes from entering and entering the operator, and to maintain a favorable living environment for the operator. Further, since the second exhaust pipe is disposed at a position lower than the upper end of the building, the second exhaust pipe does not protrude upward during transportation of the construction machine, etc. It can be carried out.

Further, the invention according to claim 7 is configured such that the second exhaust pipe or the like is installed at a position inside the circle of the turning radius along the rear end face of the counterweight. It is possible to prevent the second exhaust pipe or the like from colliding with an external obstacle during the operation, and the turning operation can be performed smoothly.

  Hereinafter, a construction machine according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, taking as an example a case where the construction machine is applied to a small hydraulic excavator of a small rear turning type.

  Here, FIG. 1 to FIG. 11 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a canopy-type hydraulic excavator as a construction machine. The hydraulic excavator 1 is a self-propelled crawler-type lower traveling body 2 and an upper swing that is mounted on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be able to pivot. The body 3 is constituted.

  The upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 5, a counterweight 7, an exterior cover 8, an engine 10, a floor plate 21, a floor plate support mechanism 23, a tilt mechanism 24, a driver seat 26, a canopy 29, and the like. It is. Further, on the front side of the upper swing body 3, a swing post type work device 4 for excavating earth and sand as shown in FIG. 1 can swing left and right, and can be lifted up and down. It is provided as possible.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a revolving frame constituting a frame of the upper revolving structure 3. The revolving frame 5 includes a flat bottom plate 5A extending forward and rearward in the left and right intermediate portions, as shown in FIG. 5A includes a pair of vertical plates 5B and 5B which are provided upright on the upper surface side of the vertical plate 5A, and a support bracket 5C which is provided at the front end of each vertical plate 5B and supports the working device 4. Has been.

  The revolving frame 5 includes a front beam 5D that is positioned on the front side and extends left and right, a center beam 5E that extends left and right at the rear position of each vertical plate 5B, and the like. An under cover 5F and the like are provided between the beam 5D and the middle beam 5E. A mounting seat 5G is provided on the front side of the revolving frame 5 and is located above the support bracket 5C and the front beam 5D and extends in the left and right directions. The mounting seat 5G has a floor plate support mechanism for a floor plate 21 described later. 23 is attached.

  Further, the turning frame 5 has a turning radius R determined in advance with respect to the turning center O of the upper turning body 3 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5 in order to realize a frame structure used for the hydraulic excavator 1 of the small rear turning type. Are curved in an arc along the virtual circle 6. The upper turning body 3 turns in a virtual circle 6 having a turning radius R corresponding to the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2 on the counterweight 7 side described later.

  7 is a counterweight provided on the rear end side of the revolving frame 5, and the counterweight 7 is located on the rear side of the engine 10, which will be described later, as shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. The upper revolving unit 3 is balanced with respect to the front working device 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the counterweight 7 is formed in an arc shape along a virtual circle 6 having a turning radius R with respect to the turning center O of the upper turning body 3, and extends in a convex curve shape in the left and right directions. ing.

  The counterweight 7 is housed in an imaginary circle 6 having a turning radius R corresponding to the vehicle width of the lower traveling body 2, and the front side of the engine 10 enters the lower side of the partition plate 21A (floor plate 21) as will be described later. The rear end size of the revolving frame 5 can be made smaller by arranging in a small space.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes an exterior cover provided on the revolving frame 5, and the exterior cover 8 is disposed on the revolving frame 5 so as to surround a floor plate 21 (canopy 29) described later from the periphery as shown in FIGS. It is provided to improve the appearance shape (designability) of the upper swing body 3 and to improve the workability during cleaning performed after the excavation work, for example.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the exterior cover 8 is located at the center of the rear part of the upper swing body 3 and is provided on the upper side of the counterweight 7 so as to be opened and closed, and forward from the left end side of the engine cover 8A. And a left side cover 8B extending in a curved manner, a right side cover 8C extending in a curved manner from the right end side of the engine cover 8A, and the like.

  Here, the engine cover 8A or the like of the exterior cover 8 forms an engine room 9 for accommodating an engine 10 to be described later, for example, between the middle beam 5E of the revolving frame 5 and the counterweight 7 shown in FIG. . The upper side of the engine room 9 is covered with a partition plate 21A, a building mounting plate 21B and the like of a floor plate 21 described later so as to be opened and closed as shown in FIGS.

  The right side cover 8C of the exterior cover 8 is disposed at the right side position of a canopy 29 described later as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the tank cover 8D is attached to the right side cover 8C so as to be openable and closable. . The tank cover 8D covers the hydraulic oil tank 14, the fuel tank 15 and the like illustrated in FIG. 5 from the upper side.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes an engine mounted on the rear side of the revolving frame 5, and the engine 10 is installed in the engine room 9 on the rear side of the middle beam 5 </ b> E as shown in FIG. , Which extends to the right. The engine 10 housed in the engine room 9 is arranged so that the upper part thereof is covered by a partition plate 21A of the floor plate 21, which will be described later, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and enters the lower side of the partition plate 21A. Is.

  As a result, the engine 10 can be installed in the front of the revolving frame 5 together with a counterweight 7 and the like which will be described later, and the upper revolving body 3 can be downsized by effectively using the installation space of the entire revolving frame 5. Is. Further, on the suction side of the engine 10, an air cleaner 11 for cleaning the intake air is provided as shown in FIG.

  On the other hand, an exhaust pipe 31 and the like to be described later are provided on the exhaust port 10A side of the engine 10 as shown in FIG. The rotating shaft (crankshaft) of the engine 10 extends leftward and rightward along the axis O1-O1 illustrated in FIG. 4, and is located on the left side below the first muffler 32 described later. A hydraulic pump 12 driven by the engine 10 is provided.

  Further, a heat exchanger 13 such as a radiator or an oil cooler is disposed at a position on the right side of the engine 10 shown in FIG. A hydraulic oil tank 14 is provided on the right side of the swivel frame 5 on the front side of the heat exchanger 13, and a fuel tank 15 is provided on the front side of the hydraulic oil tank 14.

  Reference numeral 16 denotes a control valve located on the left side of the swing frame 5 and provided on the under cover 5F. The control valve 16 is a multiple valve including a plurality of directional control valves. It is located on the under cover 5F of the revolving frame 5 and so on (under the floor). Then, the control valve 16 supplies and discharges the hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump 12 to hydraulic actuators such as the cylinders of the working device 4, the turning hydraulic motor, and the traveling hydraulic motor (all not shown). In some cases, the flow rate and the supply / discharge direction of the pressure oil supplied and discharged individually for each hydraulic actuator are controlled.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes a support member provided on the rear side of the revolving frame 5 so as to straddle the engine 10 from above. The support member 17 constitutes a part of the revolving frame 5, and a canopy 29 described later is connected to a partition plate of the floor plate 21. It is supported from the lower side together with 21A. The support member 17 is positioned above the engine 10 and extends left and right as shown in FIGS. 4 to 9, and a partition plate 21A of a floor plate 21 to be described later is attached via a building attachment plate 21B. 17A, and a left front column 17B, a left rear column 17C, a right front column 17D, a right rear column 17E, and the like that support the support base 17A at an upper position of the engine 10.

  Further, among these support columns 17B to 17E, the left front support column 17B extends forward and downward from the left end portion of the support base 17A, and the left rear support column 17C extends downward from the left end portion of the support base 17A. The right front column 17D extends downward from the right end of the support base 17A, and the right rear column 17E extends downward from the right end of the support base 17A. And the lower end part of each support | pillar 17B, 17C, 17D, 17E is being fixed and attached to the turning frame 5, respectively.

  Further, the right front column 17D is provided on the right side of a floor plate 21 described later, and is bent in a substantially L shape so as not to block the heat exchanger 13. A tilting mechanism 24 described later is attached to the middle portion in the length direction of the right front support column 17D so as to be swingable via a mounting bracket 25 shown in FIG.

  Reference numeral 18 denotes a mounting table provided on the support base 17A of the support member 17 via a vibration isolator 19 or the like. The mounting table 18 is mounted on the support base 17A on the front side as shown in FIGS. The rear side is a free end extending in an arc shape at a position on the inner side of the virtual circle 6 (see FIGS. 2 and 5) having the turning radius R. Then, a building mounting plate 21B of a floor plate 21, which will be described later, is mounted on the mounting table 18 via the spacer 20 shown in FIG.

  In this case, the vibration isolator 19 provided on the support base 17A side provides a vibration isolating action to the entire floor plate 21 together with the spacer 20 on the mounting table 18, for example, vibration from the lower traveling body 2 side, vibration from the engine 10 Or the like is prevented from being transmitted to the floor plate 21 side through the support member 17. Further, a through hole 18A is formed in the mounting table 18 as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, and a connecting pipe 38, which will be described later, is inserted upward with a gap into the through hole 18A.

  Reference numeral 21 denotes a floor plate provided on the revolving frame 5 so as to be openable and closable. The floor plate 21 is provided on the revolving frame 5 so as to cover the vertical plates 5B and 5B of the revolving frame 5 illustrated in FIG. In the left and right directions (left side as viewed from the rear of the vehicle), they are arranged to be shifted. A driver's seat 26 and a canopy 29, which will be described later, are mounted on the floor plate 21.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a partition plate 21 </ b> A that extends obliquely upward in the upward direction and partially covers the engine room 9 is integrally provided on the rear side of the floor plate 21, and the upper end side of the partition plate 21 </ b> A is provided. Is integrally formed with a building mounting plate 21B extending substantially horizontally rearward. And the pillar 29A, 29B of the canopy 29 mentioned later etc. are fixed and provided in this building attachment board 21B.

  Here, the building mounting plate 21B of the floor plate 21 has the vibration isolating material 19, the mounting table 18 and the spacer 20 (see FIG. 10) on the support base 17A of the support member 17 with the floor plate 21 tilted down as shown in FIG. ) Etc., and in this state, it is detachably fixed on the mounting table 18 using bolts (not shown) or the like. When the floor plate 21, the canopy 29, etc. are tilted up as shown in FIG. 7, these bolts are removed in advance by manual work or the like.

  Reference numeral 22 denotes a pipe insertion hole drilled on the rear side of the building mounting plate 21B. The pipe insertion hole 22 is provided at a position substantially opposed to the through hole 18A of the mounting table 18 as shown in FIG. And is covered from above by a joint portion 46 and the like which will be described later. That is, the pipe insertion hole 22 is eccentrically arranged at the rear of the vehicle by a dimension δ shown in FIG. And the upper end side of the connection pipe 38 is inserted with a gap into the pipe insertion hole 22 in a state of protruding upward from the through hole 18A of the mounting table 18, and an exhaust pipe 41 (bent pipe 42) and a joint part 46, which will be described later, are inserted. It is connected in a separable manner.

  23 is a floor board support mechanism provided between the revolving frame 5 and the floor board 21. The floor board support mechanism 23 is located between the front side position of the revolving frame 5 and the front side position of the floor board 21 as shown in FIGS. The floor plate 21 is supported obliquely upward (in the directions of arrows A and B in FIG. 7) so as to be tiltable together with a canopy 29 described later with the front side position of the floor plate 21 as a fulcrum (rotation fulcrum). is there.

  That is, the floor board support mechanism 23 connects the front end of the floor board 21 to the mounting seat 5G provided at the front position of the revolving frame 5 as shown in FIG. 21 allows the floor board 21 to tilt forward (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 7) with the floor board support mechanism 23 as a fulcrum. At this time, the rear side of the floor plate 21 is lifted obliquely upward, and so-called tilt-up is performed.

  Further, the floor plate support mechanism 23 is provided with a vibration-proof rubber (not shown) on the outer peripheral side of the connecting pin and the like, for example, a function of suppressing vibrations from the revolving frame 5 from being directly transmitted to the front side of the floor plate 21. Have. When the floor plate 21 is tilted down as shown in FIG. 6, the rear side of the floor plate 21 is tilted backward (in the direction of arrow B), and the building mounting plate 21B of the floor plate 21 is above the support base 17A of the support member 17. Are placed as described above.

  Reference numeral 24 denotes a tilting mechanism that is positioned behind the floorboard support mechanism 23 and provided between the revolving frame 5 and the floorboard 21. The tilting mechanism 24 is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-318768. The tilt mechanism is configured in substantially the same manner as a human-proposed tilting mechanism, and the right side position of the floor plate 21 is extended along the side surface of the canopy 29 in the forward and backward directions. The tilt mechanism 24 tilts and drives the floor plate 21 obliquely upward (in the directions indicated by arrows A and B in FIG. 7) with the floor plate support mechanism 23 as a fulcrum.

  Here, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, one side of the tilting mechanism 24 is swingably attached to the right front column 17D of the support member 17 via a mounting bracket 25 or the like, and the other side is on the floor plate 21 side. It can be attached. Then, the tilting mechanism 24 rotates the screw shaft 24A shown in FIG. 8 and the like from the outside to move the floor plate 21 together with the canopy 29 up and down (indicated by arrows A and B in FIG. 7). Direction).

  Note that the tilt mechanism 24 may be configured using a gas spring or the like, for example, as in the prior art described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-72048, and configured using an actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. You may do it.

A driver's seat 26 is provided on the floor plate 21. The driver's seat 26 is disposed on the floor plate 21 at the front side of the partition plate 21A as shown in FIG. you sit in the driver operation at the time of the vehicle or the like is also of the. Further, operation levers 27 and 27 (see FIG. 3) for operation are provided on both the left and right sides of the driver seat 26 in order to operate the operation device 4 and the like.

  On the other hand, on the floor plate 21, left and right traveling operation levers / pedals 28 (only one is shown) are arranged in front of the driver's seat 26. The left and right travel control levers / pedals 28 are operated manually or by the operator sitting in the driver's seat 26 to switch the control valve 16 to move the vehicle (lower traveling body 2) forward and backward. Or stop it.

  Reference numeral 29 denotes a canopy as a building provided on the floor board 21 so as to cover the driver's seat 26 from above. The canopy 29 is erected on the floor board 21 while being separated in the front, rear direction, left and right directions. A plurality of pillars 29A and 29B, and a roof 29C to be a roof provided on the upper end side of the pillars 29A and 29B, and the like. The pillars 29A and 29B of the canopy 29 are fixed to the building mounting plate 21B of the floor plate 21 by screwing or welding means at the lower end of the rear part.

  Next, reference numeral 30 denotes an exhaust device for discharging exhaust gas generated from the engine 10 to the outside. The exhaust device 30 is disposed in the engine room 9 as shown in FIGS. The second exhaust pipe 41 and the second exhaust pipe 41 are arranged so as to extend outward from the engine room 9.

  Reference numeral 31 denotes a first exhaust pipe provided in the engine room 9 on the revolving frame 5 together with the engine 10, and the first exhaust pipe 31 is constituted by a first muffler 32, a connecting pipe 38 and the like which will be described later. Yes. In this case, the first exhaust pipe 31 has a first muffler 32 on one side thereof connected to the exhaust port 10A side of the engine 10 as shown in FIG. The frame 5 is arranged at a predetermined position using a hanging metal fitting 40 and the like which will be described later.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a first muffler as a first silencer constituting a part of the exhaust pipe 31, and the first muffler 32 is formed as a cylindrical body closed at both ends as shown in FIG. The sound-absorbing walls 33A, 32B define the three sound-absorbing chambers 33A, 33B, 33C. The first silencing chamber 33A among these silencing chambers 33A, 33B, and 33C is connected to the exhaust port 10A side of the engine 10 shown in FIG.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the partition plates 32A and 32B of the first muffler 32 are provided with a communication pipe 35 for communicating the first silencer chamber 33A with the second silencer chamber 33B. A communication hole 36 for communicating the second silencing chamber 33B with the third silencing chamber 33C located at the center is formed.

  In the third silencing chamber 33C, there is provided an outflow pipe 37 as an outlet extending upward and downward (vertical direction) along a center line H1-H1 orthogonal to the axis O1 of the engine 10. On the lower side of the outflow pipe 37, a large number of small holes 37A, 37A,... That communicate with the third silencing chamber 33C are formed in the radial direction. Moreover, the upper end side of the outflow pipe 37 protrudes upward from the silencing chamber 33C of the first muffler 32, and is connected to a connection box 39 described later using welding means or the like.

  Here, the first muffler 32 reduces the exhaust noise of the exhaust gas discharged in the direction indicated by the arrow a in FIG. 11 from the exhaust port 10A of the engine 10 through the inflow port 34 in the first silencing chamber 33A. However, this exhaust gas is circulated to the second silencing chamber 33B via the communication pipe 35 in the direction of arrow b, and the exhaust noise is gradually reduced in the silencing chamber 33B.

  The exhaust gas in the second silencing chamber 33B flows into the third silencing chamber 33C in the direction of the arrow c through the communication hole 36, and the exhaust noise is further reduced in the silencing chamber 33C. Then, it flows into the outflow pipe 37 through the lower small holes 37A and the like, and is discharged from the upper end side of the outflow pipe 37 into the connection box 39 in the direction indicated by the arrow d.

  38 is a connection pipe connected to the outflow pipe 37 of the first muffler 32 via a connection box 39. The connection pipe 38 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 from the position of the connection box 39 on one side thereof. It bends backward and extends upward, and a midway portion thereof is positioned (fixed) on the support base 17A of the support member 17 using a hanging bracket 40 or the like.

The other side of the connecting pipe 38 is a protruding end 38A that is inserted into the through hole 18A of the mounting table 18 with a gap as shown in FIG. In this case, connecting the protruding end 38A side of the pipe 38, on the through hole 18A of the mounting table 18 along the centerline H2 -H2 shown in FIG. 10, extending downwardly, opening on the mounting table 18 to shall It is.

  A connection box 39 provided on one side of the connection pipe 38 is formed as a box having a substantially right triangle shape as shown in FIG. 11, and the lower surface side of the outflow pipe 37 is located at the center line H1-H1. The upper end side is joined (connected) using means such as welding. Then, one side end portion of the connection pipe 38 is joined to the side surface of the connection box 39 in a direction substantially orthogonal to the center line H1-H1, and the connection box 39 is indicated by an arrow d from the upper end of the outflow pipe 37. The exhaust gas flowing out in the direction is led out to the later-described exhaust pipe 41 side through the connecting pipe 38.

Reference numeral 41 denotes a second exhaust pipe that extends upward from the outside of the engine room 9, and the second exhaust pipe 41 has a lower end side, as shown in FIG. And a bent pipe 42 whose middle part is bent in a crank shape or a "<" shape, and a second muffler 43 and a discharge pipe 44 which will be described later. As shown in FIG. 10, the second exhaust pipe 41 opens at the position where the lower end side of the bent pipe 42 faces the protruding end 38A of the connecting pipe 38, and the upper end side of the discharge pipe 44 described later as shown in FIG. Open to the atmosphere.

  Reference numeral 43 denotes a second muffler as a second silencer provided on the upper end side of the bent pipe 42. The second muffler 43 extends upward along the pillar 29B of the canopy 29, and an upper end side thereof is described later. A discharge pipe 44 is provided. The second muffler 43 has a silencing chamber (not shown) and the like, similar to the first muffler 32 described above, and reduces (silences) the exhaust sound of the exhaust gas flowing out from the bent pipe 42. is there.

  44 is a discharge pipe that extends upward from the second muffler 43. The discharge pipe 44 has an upper end bent toward the rear of the canopy 29 in a substantially L shape as shown in FIGS. It is open to. The opening end of the discharge pipe 44 is disposed at a position slightly lower than the upper end of the canopy 29 (the upper surface of the roof 29C) and higher than the face of the operator sitting on the driver's seat 26.

  Here, the upper side of the bent pipe 42 of the second exhaust pipe 41 is fixed to the pillar 29B of the canopy 29 using a stopper 45 or the like, so that the second muffler 43 or the like extends along the pillar 29B of the canopy 29. It is arranged so as to extend upward. The second exhaust pipe 41 has a lower end side of the bent pipe 42 fixed to the building mounting plate 21B of the floor plate 21 by a joint portion 46 described later, and the upper side of the bent pipe 42, the second muffler 43 and the like are pillars of the canopy 29. It is fixed to 29B using a stopper 45 or the like.

  The second exhaust pipe 41 is attached to the floor plate 21 and the canopy 29 so as to extend upward along the rear surface side of the canopy 29 without using any special support means outside the engine room 9. For this reason, the second exhaust pipe 41 is tilted up integrally with the floor plate 21 and the canopy 29 when the floor plate 21 is tilted upward (tilt up) as shown in FIG. The second exhaust pipe 41 is separated from the first exhaust pipe 31 (connection pipe 38).

  Similarly to the first exhaust pipe 31 provided in the engine room 9, the second exhaust pipe 41 is disposed at a position inside the virtual circle 6 (see FIGS. 2 and 5) having the turning radius R. The upper revolving unit 3 is configured to prevent contact with or interference with surrounding obstacles during the swiveling operation.

  46 is a joint part that detachably connects the lower end side of the bent pipe 42 to the projecting end 38A side of the connecting pipe 38. The joint part 46 uses bolts or the like for the building mounting plate 21B of the floor board 21 as shown in FIG. And is disposed at the position of the center line H3-H3 so as to cover the pipe insertion hole 22 of the building mounting plate 21B from above. The lower end side of the bent pipe 42 is located on the center line H3-H3 and is fixed to the upper surface side of the joint portion 46 by means such as welding.

  In this case, the joint portion 46 is displaced toward the rear of the vehicle by the dimension δ (dimension δ between the center line H2−H2 and the centerline H3−H3) shown in FIG. It is arranged with heart. As a result, when the floor plate 21 is tilted up and down as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 together with the canopy 29 and the like, the joint portion 46 contacts or interferes with the protruding end 38A side of the connecting pipe 38. It is something to prevent.

  When the floor plate 21 is tilted down as shown in FIG. 10, the protruding end 38 </ b> A side of the connecting pipe 38 is connected to the lower end side of the bent pipe 42 via the joint portion 46, and the exhaust gas from the engine 10 is connected to the connecting pipe 38. The pipe 38 flows upward into the bent pipe 42. Further, the exhaust gas flowing through the bent pipe 42 is exhausted from the upper end of the exhaust pipe 44 to the rear of the vehicle (outside the canopy 29) after the exhaust noise is reduced (silenced) in the second muffler 43 shown in FIG. It is discharged towards.

  The hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present embodiment has the above-described configuration. Next, the operation thereof will be described.

  First, an operator who gets into the canopy 29 sits in the driver's seat 26 and starts the engine 10 to drive the hydraulic pump 12 and the like. Then, the lower traveling body 2 is caused to travel by operating the travel operation lever / pedal 28 in this state. Further, by operating the left and right operation levers 27, for example, the work device 4 is swung in the left and right directions, and moved up and down to perform excavation work of earth and sand. Can do.

  Further, exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine 10 is discharged to the first exhaust pipe 31 provided in the engine room 9 and then discharged to the second exhaust pipe 41 extending upward from the outside of the engine room 9. Then, it is discharged from the discharge pipe 44 on the upper end side toward the rear of the vehicle (outside the canopy 29). Thus, the exhaust gas does not enter and enter the driver's seat 26 side of the vehicle, and the living environment of the operator in the canopy 29 can be well maintained.

  In this case, the exhaust pipe 31 in the engine room 9 is provided with a first muffler 32 to which the inlet 34 is connected on the exhaust port 10A side of the engine 10, and the three muffler chambers 33A are provided in the first muffler 32. , 33B, 33C, etc., and a second muffler 43 is provided in the second exhaust pipe 41 located outside the engine room 9.

  Thus, the first muffler 32 and the second muffler 43 can be arranged to be connected in series inside and outside the engine room 9, and the exhaust sound of the exhaust gas discharged from the engine 10 is After reducing (silencing) in multiple stages using the single muffler 32, the exhaust noise of the exhaust gas can be further reduced using the second muffler 43 outside the engine room 9.

  For this reason, the first muffler 32 provided in the engine room 9 can be reduced in size and formed compact, and layout design in the engine room 9 can be easily performed. Then, the engine room 9 can be downsized, and the engine 10 can be installed in the front of the revolving frame 5 together with the counterweight 7 and the like. As a result, the counterweight 7 and the like can be accommodated in the virtual circle 6 having the turning radius R as shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, and the rear small turning hydraulic excavator 1 can be realized.

  Further, the exhaust pipe 31 in the engine room 9 is connected to the outflow pipe 37 of the first muffler 32 via a connection box 39, and the connecting position of both is determined by the crankshaft of the engine 10 (in FIG. 11). It is arranged at a position of a center line H1 -H1 substantially orthogonal to the axis line O1) shown. For this reason, the connection box 39 of the connection pipe 38 can be connected to the first muffler 32 at a position where the vibration (vibration) of the engine 10 is the smallest, and the vibration transmitted from the engine 10 to the connection pipe 38 can be suppressed to a low level.

  Further, the connecting pipe 38 is bent backward from the position of the connecting box 39 on one side as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and extended upward. Since it is positioned (fixed) on the support base 17A, the other side (projecting end 38A) of the connecting pipe 38 can be inserted into the through hole 18A of the mounting table 18 with a gap as shown in FIG. The protruding end 38A side of the connection pipe 38 can be held in a stable posture with respect to the hole 22, the joint portion 46, and the like.

  The second exhaust pipe 41 extending upward along the pillar 29B of the canopy 29 outside the engine room 9 is connected to the lower end side of the bent pipe 42 by using the joint portion 46 and the building mounting plate 21B (pipe insertion) of the floor plate 21. The center line H3 -H3 of the pipe insertion hole 22 and the joint portion 46 and the like is eccentric to the rear of the vehicle by a dimension δ with respect to the center line H2 -H2 of the connecting pipe 38. It is set as the structure provided.

  Thereby, when the floor plate 21 is tilted up and down as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 together with the canopy 29 and the like, the pipe insertion hole 22 and the joint portion 46 come into contact with the protruding end 38A side of the connecting pipe 38, It is possible to satisfactorily prevent interference. The first exhaust pipe 31 (projecting end 38A of the connecting pipe 38) and the second exhaust pipe 41 (lower end side of the bent pipe 42) can be smoothly separated and connected via the joint portion 46.

  Thus, according to the present embodiment, the engine 10 mounted on the rear side of the turning frame 5 has one side connected to the exhaust port 10A side of the engine 10 and the other side arranged at a predetermined position on the turning frame 5. And a second exhaust pipe 41 that is detachably connected to the other side of the first exhaust pipe 31 and extends upward along the pillar 29B of the canopy 29. Yes.

  Therefore, when the canopy 29 is tilted upward together with the floor plate 21 by using the tilt mechanism 24 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the second exhaust pipe 41 (the lower end side of the bent pipe 42) is connected to the second exhaust pipe 41. 1 can be separated from the exhaust pipe 31 (the protruding end 38A of the connecting pipe 38), and maintenance (inspection) of the engine 10 and the like performed in this tilted-up state is obstructed by the second exhaust pipe 41 and the like. Without a large work space.

  The second exhaust pipe 41 is assembled to the pillar 29B of the canopy 29 and the building mounting plate 21B of the floor board 21 by the stopper 45 and the joint portion 46 shown in FIG. The second exhaust pipe 41 can be held in a stable posture on the floor plate 21 and the canopy 29 side without providing special support means or the like.

  When the floor plate 21 is placed on the revolving frame 5 together with the canopy 29 (tilt down) and the operation of the excavator 1 is performed, the second exhaust is performed by the joint portion 46 on the building mounting plate 21B of the floor plate 21. The pipe 41 can be held connected to the first exhaust pipe 31, and in this state, exhaust gas from the engine 10 is discharged toward the outside of the canopy 29 through the first and second exhaust pipes 31 and 41. be able to.

  As a result, the exhaust gas from the engine 10 can be prevented from entering and entering the driver's seat 26, the operator's living environment in the canopy 29 can be kept good, and the driving operability can be improved. Reliability as a construction machine can be improved.

  Further, the second exhaust pipe 41 is configured such that the opening end of the discharge pipe 44 is disposed at a position lower than the upper surface of the roof 29C and higher than the face of the operator sitting on the driver's seat 26. The exhaust gas discharged from the tip of the pipe 41 (discharge pipe 44) can be prevented from entering and entering the operator, and the living environment of the operator can be kept good. Further, it is possible to prevent the discharge pipe 44 from protruding upward from the canopy 29 when the hydraulic excavator 1 is transported, so that transport work and the like can be performed smoothly.

  In the above-described embodiment, the canopy-type hydraulic excavator 1 including the canopy 29 as a building that covers the upper side of the driver's seat 26 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be applied to a cab-spec hydraulic excavator 51, for example, as in a modification shown in FIG. The cab 53 is provided as a building that defines the above. For example, the second exhaust pipe 41 including the bent pipe 42, the second muffler 43, and the discharge pipe 44 is moved upward and downward along the corners on the rear side of the cab 53. It is good also as a structure provided so that it may extend.

  In addition, the present invention is not limited to a hydraulic excavator, and can be widely applied to other construction machines having a building or the like on a floor board such as a hydraulic crane, a wheel loader, a bulldozer, or a work vehicle called a lift truck. It can be done.

1 is a front view showing a canopy-spec hydraulic excavator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view which expands and shows the hydraulic shovel in FIG. 1 from upper direction. It is the right view of FIG. 1 which looked at the hydraulic shovel from back. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a main part of FIG. 3 showing the engine and the like in the engine room with a part of the exterior cover removed. It is a top view which shows a turning frame etc. in the state which removed the floor board, the exterior cover, etc. It is a front view which expands and shows the upper turning body of the state which removed the exterior cover etc. It is a front view of the upper turning body which shows the state which tilted up the canopy in FIG. 6 with the floor board. It is a principal part enlarged view of FIG. 7 which expands and shows an engine, a 1st exhaust pipe, etc. FIG. It is a perspective view which expands and shows the supporting member and mounting base in FIG. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows the joint part etc. which connect the 1st, 2nd exhaust pipe from the arrow XX direction in FIG. It is sectional drawing which expands and shows a 1st muffler and one side of a connection pipe from the arrow XI-XI direction in FIG. It is a front view which shows the cab specification hydraulic excavator by the modification of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1,51 Hydraulic excavator (Construction machine)
3,52 Upper revolving structure 4 Working device 5 Revolving frame (frame)
6 virtual circle 7 counterweight 8 exterior cover 9 engine room 10 engine 11 air cleaner 17 support member 18 mounting table 21 floor plate 21A partition plate 21B building mounting plate 22 pipe insertion hole 23 floor plate support mechanism 24 tilt mechanism 26 driver seat 29 canopy (building) )
30 Exhaust device 31 First exhaust pipe 32 First muffler (first silencer)
34 Inlet 37 Outlet pipe (outlet)
38 connecting pipe 39 connecting box 40 hanging bracket 41 second exhaust pipe 42 bent pipe 43 second muffler (second silencer)
44 Discharge pipe 45 Stopper 46 Joint part 53 Cab (building)
R turning radius

Claims (7)

A frame provided with a working device on the front side, an engine mounted on the rear side of the frame, an exhaust device for exhausting exhaust gas from the engine to the outside, and provided on the frame located on the front side of the engine Between the front position of the frame and the front position of the floor plate, the floor plate provided on the floor plate for operating the engine and the work device and covering the driver seat on which the operator sits at least from above In a construction machine comprising a floor plate support mechanism that is provided and supports the floor plate in a tiltable manner together with the building with the front side position of the floor plate as a fulcrum ,
A support member provided on the rear side of the frame so as to straddle the engine from above, and having a mounting table on the upper end side for supporting the rear position of the floor plate when the floor plate is tilted down with the floor plate support mechanism as a fulcrum. Prepared,
The exhaust system includes a first exhaust pipe and said disposed to extend upward along the building one end the other side is connected one side to the exhaust port side of the engine is opened on the mounting table of the support member open the other end to the other end side opposite to the position of the first exhaust pipe is configured to have a second exhaust pipe which is opened to the atmosphere,
The second exhaust pipe, that has a structure that is separate from the first exhaust pipe when to pre-Symbol floor to be tilted up in a direction away from the support member through the floor plate support mechanism with building A featured construction machine. The first exhaust pipe has a configuration in which the other end side is provided so as to protrude upward from the mounting table of the support member, and the lower end side of the second exhaust pipe is provided on the rear side of the floor plate. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a joint portion is provided to be separably connected to the exhaust pipe. The construction machine according to claim 2 , wherein the joint portion is attached to a position eccentric with respect to the first exhaust pipe. The first exhaust pipe includes a first silencer provided with an inlet and an outlet for the exhaust gas, one side connected to the outlet of the first silencer and the other side connected to the second exhaust. A pipe extending upward toward the pipe side, the second exhaust pipe extending upward along the rear part of the building, and a pipe having a distal end side open to the atmosphere, and a middle part of the pipe The construction machine according to claim 1, 2 or 3 , wherein the construction machine has a second silencer provided. 5. The construction machine according to claim 4 , wherein one side of the connection pipe is connected to the outlet of the first silencer at a position substantially orthogonal to the rotation axis of the engine. 6. The second exhaust pipe according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5 , wherein the second exhaust pipe is configured to open to the outside at a position lower than an upper end of the building and higher than a face of an operator sitting in the driver's seat. The construction machine described. On the rear end side of the frame, a counterweight that is curved in an arc shape along a circle with a predetermined turning radius and covers the engine from the rear side is provided, and the second exhaust pipe is formed from a circle with the turning radius. The construction machine according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 , wherein the construction machine is configured to be installed at an inner position.

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