JP4401275B2 - Medium for cultivation of mushrooms using dried shochu-distilled rice cake - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a culture medium for cultivation of mushrooms such as shiitake mushroom, oyster mushrooms, sea cucumbers, enokitake mushrooms, shimeji mushrooms using shochu distilled spirits made from sweet potato, wheat, rice and the like.

  Conventionally, as a culture medium for mushroom cultivation using, for example, shochu-distilled rice cake made from sweet potato, the water content of about 90-95% sweet potato shochu-distilled rice cake or the above-mentioned stock solution is dehydrated by centrifugation. Mixing plant adsorbents such as sawdust, or inorganic adsorbents such as rock wool, pearlite, and pumice with 70-85% shochu distilled spirit paste, and adjusting the moisture to 40-80% in the cultivation container What was filled and heat-sterilized is known.

  However, the above-mentioned conventional medium has a high water content and high viscosity of the shochu liquor, and even after dehydration, the water content is still high and the viscosity is even higher. Therefore, the ratio of the solid content of shochu in the obtained mushroom medium is only 8 to 25% when measured in terms of the total dry weight. The resulting shochu was not effectively utilized in the mushroom medium.

Moreover, since the obtained mushroom medium is not sufficiently mixed with other additives due to the high viscosity of shochu, not only a homogeneous product is obtained, but also alcohol contained in the liquid. Has been reported to interfere with the growth of mushrooms, and more economically, shochu is susceptible to spoilage and is costly for long-term storage. There was also a problem that it was not easy to convert.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-4847

  It is an object of the first invention of the present application to provide a medium for mushroom cultivation that is a homogeneous medium that contains a large amount of high nutrient content of a shochu distiller and that can be mass-produced at low cost.

  The second invention of the present application provides a medium capable of promoting the growth of fungi such as oyster mushrooms and sea cucumbers, which may cause a delay in the growth of mycelia in an acidic medium, in addition to the problems of the first invention. This is the issue.

As means for solving the above problems, the first invention of the present application is:
While drying the shochu-distilled rice cake and mixing the dried solid material obtained by removing moisture and the pulverized fiber plant material, water was added to the mixture to adjust the required moisture content,
A mushroom cultivation medium using shochu-distilled rice cake is proposed.

The second invention of the present application is
Dry shochu distilled spirits were dried to remove the moisture, and mixed with the pulverized fibrous plant material and charcoal powder, and adjusted to the required moisture content by adding water to the mixture,
A mushroom cultivation medium using shochu-distilled rice cake is proposed.

  According to the mushroom cultivation medium using the shochu-distilled rice cake of the first invention of the present application, the shochu-dried solid can be sufficiently mixed with the fibrous plant material crushed particles, so that the high-nutrient shochu-dried solid in the medium In addition, the shochu-dried solid and the fibrous plant material granule can be mixed thoroughly to form a homogeneous medium, and the shochu-dried solid is free of alcohol. As a result, it is possible to guarantee safe growth of mushrooms, and more economically, shochu-dried solids are less susceptible to spoilage and easy to store for a long time. Therefore, it is possible to mass-produce.

  According to the mushroom cultivation medium using the shochu-distilled rice cake of the second invention of the present application, in addition to the effect of the first invention, by adding charcoal powder, the pH of the medium can be increased by 1 to 3, In an acidic medium, sufficient growth can be guaranteed even for fungal species such as oyster mushrooms and sea cucumbers, which may interfere with mycelial growth.

  As a method for producing a shochu-dried solid in the present invention, shochu-distilled rice cake (water content 90 to 95%) is separated into a solid and a liquid by a centrifuge, and the solid content (water content 75 to 85%). ) And a method of drying shochu distilled spirit using a vacuum concentrator, and a shochu-dried solid containing almost no water is obtained by either method.

  The shochu-dried solid in the present invention is desired to be mixed in the medium as much as possible, but preferably 40 to 70 parts (weight percent) of the total weight is used in consideration of the air permeability of the medium.

  Further, the fibrous plant material in the present invention is preferably one or more kinds of sawdust of wood such as conifers, hardwoods, wood pulp, fruit pulp, rice straw, rice straw, wheat straw and other various fibrous plant materials. 20-50 parts (dry matter) of the total weight is used. The crushed grains of these plant materials provide water retention to the medium and create air gaps in the medium to provide air permeability. Accordingly, the size of the crushed particles is selected according to the properties of the shochu-dried solid, but is preferably 1 to 6 mm in diameter.

In addition, the said conifer is used after raining or water immersion for 3 to 6 months after cutting. Since the crushed grain of coniferous wood is coarse, it is effective for imparting air permeability to the medium.
Furthermore, groundwater, groundwater containing a mineral, hot spring water, etc. are used for the adjustment water used for this invention.

  As charcoal in the second invention of the present application, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, coconut husk charcoal and other various charcoal are preferably used in an amount of 2 to 8 parts of the total weight. In addition, when softwood crushed grains are used for the fibrous plant material, the charcoal powder is also effective in adsorbing harmful substances such as phenols and ferguinol contained in softwood.

As other additives, shellfish shells, shell fossil and other various calcium material powders, thiamine and other appropriate additives as required are added.
Examples of the present invention will be described below.

The shochu dried solid material obtained by drying the wheat shochu distilled spirit with a vacuum concentrator is made into a powder with a grinder.
67 parts of barley shochu dry solid powder (weight ratio)
Hardwood wood sawdust 29 parts Thiamine 0.04 parts These are put into a stirrer and stirred, and then water is added little by little to make a medium material with a water content of 58.1% and a pH of 5.4.
The medium material is packed in a container such as a mushroom cultivation bag or bottle, then sterilized at 120 ° C. for 3 hours in a high-pressure sterilization pot, and then the temperature of the medium is lowered to room temperature. The water content was 55.2 % and the pH was 5.6. Inoculate the above medium with the seeds of Bunashimeji in a sterile room, then incubate the mycelium for a certain period in a curing room at 21 ° C, then transfer the container to a room at about 18 ° C and a humidity of 80 %, and sprouting there. Form the fruit body (mushroom body).

In the above cultivation, the growth of mycelium of Bunashimeji was extremely fast, and mushrooms could be harvested on the 50th day of cultivation.

Sweet potato shochu dry solid powder 64 parts (weight ratio)
Conifer wood sawdust 28 parts Charcoal powder 4 parts Shellfish powder 4 parts Thiamine 0.04 parts Stir these, then add water to make a medium material with a moisture content of 56.5 %, PH 4.4, for cultivation The container was packed and sterilized as in the above example. The water content was 53.8 % and the pH was 5.58. This was inoculated with oyster mushroom inoculum and cultivated in the same manner as in the above example.

Mycelia grew quickly and mushrooms could be harvested on the 51st day of cultivation.

Barley shochu dried solid powder 70 parts (weight ratio)
Softwood wood sawdust 30 parts Bamboo charcoal powder 4 parts Thiamine 0.04 parts Stir these, add water to make a medium material with a moisture content of 58.0 %, pH 4.0, sterilize by filling it in a cultivation container Then, as a medium having a water content of 50.4 % and a pH of 6.3, this was inoculated with oyster mushroom inoculum and cultivated in the same manner as in the above example.

  In this example, bamboo charcoal powder was added in a large amount, and the pH of the medium was increased to 6.3. Therefore, oyster mushrooms, which tend to slow the growth of hyphae, showed rapid growth in an acidic medium.

40 parts of barley shochu dry solid powder (weight ratio)
Softwood wood sawdust 52 parts Bamboo charcoal powder 4 parts Shell fossil 4 parts Thiamine 0.04 parts Stir these, add water to make a medium material with a water content of 58.0 %, PH 4.9, and pack it in a container Sterilize and use as a medium material with a moisture content of 56.0 % and a pH of 5.7.

I was able to harvest in 60 days.

Claims (2)

A mixture containing dried solid powder obtained by drying the distilled sweet potato of sweet potato shochu and removing moisture, and pulverized fiber plant material, and mixing the dried solid powder to 40 to 70 parts by weight A mushroom cultivation medium prepared by preparing water and adding water to the mixture to adjust the required moisture content. A mixture containing dried solid powder obtained by drying the distilled sweet potato of sweet potato shochu to remove moisture, pulverized fibrous plant material, and charcoal powder , wherein the dry solid powder is 40-70 parts by weight A medium for mushroom cultivation prepared by preparing a mixture so as to be and adjusting the required moisture content by adding water to the mixture.