JP4409504B2 - Optical fiber manufacturing method - Google Patents
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- JP4409504B2 JP4409504B2 JP2005332489A JP2005332489A JP4409504B2 JP 4409504 B2 JP4409504 B2 JP 4409504B2 JP 2005332489 A JP2005332489 A JP 2005332489A JP 2005332489 A JP2005332489 A JP 2005332489A JP 4409504 B2 JP4409504 B2 JP 4409504B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/01446—Thermal after-treatment of preforms, e.g. dehydrating, consolidating, sintering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/02—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor
- C03B37/025—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments by drawing or extruding, e.g. direct drawing of molten glass from nozzles; Cooling fins therefor from reheated softened tubes, rods, fibres or filaments, e.g. drawing fibres from preforms
- C03B37/027—Fibres composed of different sorts of glass, e.g. glass optical fibres
- C03B37/02718—Thermal treatment of the fibre during the drawing process, e.g. cooling
- C03B37/02727—Annealing or re-heating
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- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、低損失の石英系光ファイバを製造する方法に関する。本発明により製造される光ファイバは、光通信分野等で用いられる光伝送用ファイバなどとして好適に用いられる。 The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a low-loss silica-based optical fiber. The optical fiber manufactured by the present invention is suitably used as an optical transmission fiber used in the field of optical communication.
近年、光ファイバの損失低減のための検討が盛んに行われている。光ファイバの損失を低減するための方法として、これまでは主に、光ファイバの線引き工程で光ファイバ母材加熱溶融後の冷却過程において、光ファイバ裸線を徐冷し、光ファイバ損失成分の中で、レーリ散乱を下げることで、全損失を低減させる方法が一般的に行われている。 In recent years, studies for reducing optical fiber loss have been actively conducted. As a method for reducing the loss of the optical fiber, until now, in the cooling process after the optical fiber preform heating and melting in the optical fiber drawing process, the optical fiber bare wire is gradually cooled to reduce the optical fiber loss component. Among them, a method of reducing the total loss by reducing Rayleigh scattering is generally performed.
一方、線引き工程においては、生産性の向上の観点から、線引き速度が増加する傾向にある。このように高速紡糸になると、限られた高さの紡糸タワー(光ファイバ製造用建築物)の中で光ファイバ裸線に被覆(コーティング)を施すために、光ファイバ裸線をコーティング可能な温度まで冷却筒にて急冷させる必要がある。しかし、光ファイバ温度が高温時に急冷を開始すると、光ファイバ伝送損失が悪化してしまう。 On the other hand, in the drawing process, the drawing speed tends to increase from the viewpoint of improving productivity. When spinning at such a high speed, the temperature at which the bare optical fiber can be coated in order to coat the bare optical fiber in a limited height spinning tower (building for optical fiber production). It is necessary to rapidly cool with a cooling cylinder. However, if the optical fiber temperature is high and the rapid cooling is started, the optical fiber transmission loss is deteriorated.
よって、製造される光ファイバの伝送損失を低減し、生産性を確保するために、主に、光ファイバ母材の線引き工程において、光ファイバ裸線徐冷方法の最適化が種々検討されており、これまでに例えば、特許文献1〜3のような提案がなされている。
Therefore, in order to reduce the transmission loss of the manufactured optical fiber and ensure the productivity, various optimization of the optical fiber bare wire annealing method has been studied mainly in the drawing process of the optical fiber preform. So far, for example, proposals such as
特許文献1には、プリフォームを溶融紡糸して光ファイバとする線引方法において、溶融紡糸炉の直下に光ファイバを通る炉心管を有する加熱炉(徐冷炉)を設置して光ファイバを加熱しつつ線引きし、かつ炉心管内の雰囲気を不活性ガス雰囲気、酸素ガスを含む雰囲気または水素ガスを含む雰囲気のいずれかの雰囲気とする光ファイバの線引き方法が開示されている。この線引き方法では、加熱炉内の温度を500〜1500℃とし、また加熱炉に導入される光ファイバ温度を500〜1500℃とし、徐冷時間は0.1〜10秒となるように設定している。
In
特許文献2には、光ファイバ母材を加熱線引きし、線引きされた光ファイバを樹脂により被覆する光ファイバの製造方法であって、前記樹脂を被覆する前の光ファイバにおいて温度が1300〜1700℃となる部分のうち、前記光ファイバの温度差が50℃以上となる区間を1000℃/秒以下の冷却速度にて冷却することを特徴とする光ファイバの製造方法が開示されている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a method of manufacturing an optical fiber in which an optical fiber preform is heated and drawn, and the drawn optical fiber is coated with a resin, and the temperature of the optical fiber before coating the resin is 1300 to 1700 ° C. Among these parts, an optical fiber manufacturing method is disclosed in which a section where the temperature difference of the optical fiber is 50 ° C. or more is cooled at a cooling rate of 1000 ° C./second or less.
特許文献3には、光ファイバ母材の端部を加熱炉で加熱溶融して形成される溶融変形部の先端に張力を加えて線引きする光ファイバの線引き方法であって、該加熱炉内にある、前記溶融変形部を徐冷するに当り、溶融変形部の最も低い冷却速度を4000℃/s以下とすることを特徴とする光ファイバの線引き方法が開示されている。
しかしながら、本発明者らが前記従来技術について鋭意検討した結果、次のような問題が生じることがわかった。
より伝送損失を低減させることを目的として、徐冷温度を上昇し、徐冷時間を長くすると、得られた光ファイバ素線の損失が逆に増加する現象が見られる。カットバック法による損失測定結果を図1に示すが、これから、波長1200nm以上の波長域にて、損失が増加していることがわかる。この現象は、光ファイバ母材の製造バラツキや長手方向の変化によって変化するため、安定した伝送損失の光ファイバ素線を得ることができない。
However, as a result of intensive studies on the prior art by the present inventors, it has been found that the following problems occur.
For the purpose of further reducing the transmission loss, when the annealing temperature is increased and the annealing time is lengthened, a phenomenon is observed in which the loss of the obtained optical fiber is conversely increased. FIG. 1 shows the loss measurement result by the cutback method. From this, it can be seen that the loss increases in the wavelength region of 1200 nm or more. Since this phenomenon changes due to manufacturing variations of the optical fiber preform and changes in the longitudinal direction, it is impossible to obtain an optical fiber having a stable transmission loss.
この損失増加の原因として、図2に、酸素分子の吸収、及び図3に、図1より得られる損失の計算値から実測値を差し引いた差分の波形を示す。これら波形を比較すると、非常に良く似ていることから、損失増加の原因は、酸素分子の吸収であることが推測される。 As a cause of this loss increase, FIG. 2 shows absorption of oxygen molecules, and FIG. 3 shows a waveform of a difference obtained by subtracting an actual measurement value from the calculated loss value obtained from FIG. When these waveforms are compared, they are very similar, and it is assumed that the cause of the increase in loss is the absorption of oxygen molecules.
本発明は、前記事情に鑑みてなされ、低損失の光ファイバを安定して製造することが可能な製造方法の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a manufacturing method capable of stably manufacturing a low-loss optical fiber.
前記目的を達成するため、本発明は、石英ガラスの微粒子を堆積させて得られた石英ガラス多孔質体を脱水焼結して光ファイバ母材を作製する母材作製工程と、得られた光ファイバ母材を線引きして光ファイバを作製する線引き工程とを有する光ファイバの製造方法において、前記母材作製工程は、酸素の存在しない雰囲気中で石英ガラス多孔質体を脱水焼結し、母材全体にわたり残留OH濃度が5ppm以下である光ファイバ母材を作製し、前記線引き工程は、光ファイバ母材を線引きして得られた光ファイバ裸線を、その温度が1200〜1500℃の領域に対して1200〜1500℃の徐冷温度範囲で徐冷することを特徴とする光ファイバの製造方法を提供する。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a base material preparation process for preparing an optical fiber base material by dehydrating and sintering a silica glass porous body obtained by depositing fine particles of silica glass, and the obtained light An optical fiber manufacturing method including drawing a fiber preform to produce an optical fiber, wherein the preform producing step includes dehydrating and sintering the porous silica glass in an oxygen-free atmosphere. An optical fiber preform having a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire material is produced, and in the drawing step, an optical fiber bare wire obtained by drawing the optical fiber preform is a region whose temperature is 1200 to 1500 ° C. In contrast, the present invention provides a method for producing an optical fiber, characterized by annealing at an annealing temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C.
本発明の光ファイバの製造方法において、前記線引き工程において光ファイバ裸線を徐冷する際に、炉内温度を1200〜1500℃の範囲とした徐冷炉内に光ファイバ裸線を通過させて徐冷を行うことが好ましい。 In the optical fiber manufacturing method of the present invention, when the optical fiber bare wire is gradually cooled in the drawing step, the optical fiber bare wire is passed through a slow cooling furnace having a furnace temperature in the range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. It is preferable to carry out.
前記製造方法において、光ファイバ裸線通過方向に沿って温度勾配が設けられている徐冷炉を用いて徐冷を行うことが好ましい。 In the said manufacturing method, it is preferable to perform slow cooling using the slow cooling furnace provided with the temperature gradient along the optical fiber bare wire passage direction.
本発明の光ファイバの製造方法において、前記母材作製工程での母材焼結前に、脱水剤を用いて石英ガラス多孔質体を脱水する工程を行うことが好ましい。 In the optical fiber manufacturing method of the present invention, it is preferable to perform a step of dehydrating the quartz glass porous body using a dehydrating agent before the base material sintering in the base material manufacturing step.
前記製造方法において、前記脱水剤が、塩素ガス又は塩化チオニールであることが好ましい。 In the production method, the dehydrating agent is preferably chlorine gas or thionyl chloride.
本発明の光ファイバの製造方法によれば、光ファイバの製造工程を最適化することで、レーリ散乱低減のために徐冷紡糸を行っても、酸素分子による損失増加の心配がなく、安定して光ファイバ素線を製造することができる。
また、光ファイバ徐冷温度域と徐冷炉の設定温度域とを一致させることで、効率よくレーリ散乱を下げながら、酸素分子の熱乖離、拡散及び溶存を防ぐことができる。
さらに徐冷炉の設定温度に温度勾配をつけることで、より効率よくレーリ散乱を下げながら、酸素分子の熱乖離、拡散及び溶存を防ぐことができる。
また、酸素分子による損失増加が生じないため、伝送損失の低い低損失な光ファイバ素線を得ることができる。
According to the optical fiber manufacturing method of the present invention, by optimizing the optical fiber manufacturing process, even if slow cooling spinning is performed to reduce Rayleigh scattering, there is no fear of an increase in loss due to oxygen molecules, and the optical fiber manufacturing process is stable. Thus, an optical fiber can be manufactured.
Further, by matching the optical fiber annealing temperature range with the set temperature range of the annealing furnace, it is possible to prevent thermal divergence, diffusion and dissolution of oxygen molecules while efficiently reducing Rayleigh scattering.
Furthermore, by providing a temperature gradient to the set temperature of the slow cooling furnace, thermal divergence, diffusion and dissolution of oxygen molecules can be prevented while lowering Rayleigh scattering more efficiently.
Moreover, since loss increase due to oxygen molecules does not occur, a low-loss optical fiber with low transmission loss can be obtained.
石英ガラスの微粒子を堆積させて得られた石英ガラス多孔質体を焼結して光ファイバ母材を作製し、次に、得られた光ファイバ母材を線引きして光ファイバを作製する際、レーリ散乱を低減させることを目的として、前述した従来技術に記載された方法によって、線引き工程における光ファイバ母材加熱溶融後の冷却過程において徐冷を行うと、条件によっては酸素分子がガラス中に拡散、溶存して吸収損失が発生し、目的通りレーリ散乱を低減した光ファイバ素線を安定して得ることができない。 Sintered silica glass porous body obtained by depositing silica glass fine particles to produce an optical fiber preform, and then drawing the obtained optical fiber preform to produce an optical fiber, For the purpose of reducing Rayleigh scattering, by performing the slow cooling in the cooling process after heating and melting the optical fiber preform in the drawing process by the method described in the above-mentioned prior art, oxygen molecules may be contained in the glass depending on the conditions. Absorption loss occurs due to diffusion and dissolution, and an optical fiber with reduced Rayleigh scattering cannot be obtained stably as intended.
この酸素分子は、光ファイバ母材中に残留しているOH基や、酸素過多欠陥(NBOHCやPORなど)が多量に存在していると、線引き中の徐冷過程にて、OH基や酸素過多欠陥から熱乖離によって発生するものと推測される。さらに発生した酸素分子が徐冷過程にてガラス中に拡散し、最終的に酸素分子として溶存することで、吸収損失を生じさせていると推測される。 If there are a large amount of OH groups remaining in the optical fiber preform or oxygen-rich defects (NBOHC, POR, etc.), the oxygen molecules will undergo OH groups and oxygen during the slow cooling process during drawing. It is presumed to be caused by thermal divergence from excessive defects. Further, it is presumed that the generated oxygen molecules diffuse into the glass during the slow cooling process and finally dissolve as oxygen molecules, thereby causing absorption loss.
この現象を解決するために、光ファイバ母材製造工程にて、製造方法を最適化する必要がある。つまり、熱乖離によって酸素を発生させないために、OH基や、酸素過多欠陥の少ない母材組成にする。より具体的には、OH基を減少させるために、母材焼結前に塩素(Cl2)や塩化チオニール(SOCl2)を使用して脱水を行う。なお、塩素、酸素の作用は、どちらも同じ脱水作用であり、どちらを用いても効果は同じである。 In order to solve this phenomenon, it is necessary to optimize the manufacturing method in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process. That is, in order not to generate oxygen due to thermal divergence, the base material composition has few OH groups and oxygen-rich defects. More specifically, dehydration is performed using chlorine (Cl 2 ) or thionyl chloride (SOCl 2 ) before sintering the base material in order to reduce OH groups. The action of chlorine and oxygen is the same dehydration action, and the effect is the same regardless of which is used.
また酸素過多欠陥を減少させるために、脱水焼結時に酸素を使用しない。また、酸素の代わりに、He、Ar等の不活性ガスを使用してもよい。また、脱水工程、焼結工程に分けて考えても良く、それぞれにおいて、酸素を使用しないで脱水剤を使用してもよいし、脱水工程にて酸素を使用しないで脱水剤にて脱水を行い、焼結工程にて、酸素のないHe雰囲気などで焼結を行ってもよい。脱水剤濃度や、脱水焼結時間等を最適化することで、得られる光ファイバ母材は、OH基がppmオーダー以下のものとなり、かつ、酸素過多欠陥の少ないガラス組成となる。または、線引き中にて酸素過多欠陥生成へ通じる酸素過多欠陥前駆体(例えば、SiOOHやSiOOSiなど)の少ないガラス組成でも良い。 Also, oxygen is not used during dehydration and sintering in order to reduce excess oxygen defects. Moreover, you may use inert gas, such as He and Ar, instead of oxygen. In addition, the dehydration step and the sintering step may be considered separately. In each case, a dehydrating agent may be used without using oxygen, or dehydrating may be performed without using oxygen in the dehydrating step. In the sintering step, sintering may be performed in an oxygen-free He atmosphere. By optimizing the dehydrating agent concentration, dehydration sintering time, and the like, the obtained optical fiber preform has a glass composition with OH groups of ppm order or less and few oxygen-rich defects. Alternatively, it may be a glass composition with less oxygen-rich precursors (for example, SiOOH, SiOOSi, etc.) that lead to oxygen-rich defects during drawing.
この光ファイバ母材を使用し、線引き工程で徐冷紡糸を行う。光ファイバ裸線を徐冷する温度域は、1200〜1500℃の範囲とする。この温度範囲に徐冷炉を設置し、徐冷炉もファイバと同じく1200〜1500℃の温度範囲とする。また、この温度範囲全体、または、一部にて温度勾配をつけてもよい。こうすることで、レーリ散乱を効率よく低減しながら、微量に存在している酸素原子の熱乖離を現象させることや、発生した酸素分子の拡散を低減させること、および、そのまま酸素分子がガラスネットワーク中に溶存することを防ぐことができる。 Using this optical fiber preform, slow cooling spinning is performed in the drawing process. The temperature range in which the bare optical fiber is gradually cooled is set to a range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. A slow cooling furnace is installed in this temperature range, and the slow cooling furnace is also set to a temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. like the fiber. Moreover, you may give a temperature gradient in the whole temperature range or a part. By doing this, while effectively reducing Rayleigh scattering, the thermal divergence of oxygen atoms present in minute amounts can be reduced, the diffusion of generated oxygen molecules can be reduced, and oxygen molecules can be directly converted into a glass network. It can be prevented from dissolving inside.
一方、光ファイバ温度が1500℃を超える温度域においては、光ファイバ裸線の粘度が低く、徐冷過程において激しく延伸されるために、外径変動が発生し、線引きすることが難しいことに加え、たとえ線引きを行ったとしても、微量に存在している酸素原子の熱乖離の増加、拡散及び溶存の増加を招くことが推測されるため、好ましくない。 On the other hand, in the temperature range where the optical fiber temperature exceeds 1500 ° C., the viscosity of the bare optical fiber is low and the fiber is stretched violently during the slow cooling process. Even if the drawing is performed, it is presumed that an increase in thermal divergence, diffusion, and dissolution of oxygen atoms present in a minute amount are not preferable.
さらに、光ファイバ温度が1200℃未満の温度域においては、微量に存在している酸素原子の熱乖離の増加、拡散及び溶存の増加に関しては低減される方向であるが、レーリ散乱低減が難しくなる。つまり、レーリ散乱低下に要する時間が長くなり、線引き速度を極端に遅くする必要があり、生産性が悪くなり、現実的ではない。レーリ散乱は仮想温度に依存し、この仮想温度は、光ファイバ徐冷過程に依存する。仮想温度は、構造緩和時間に依存し、高温では構造緩和が速く、低温では遅くなる。 Furthermore, in the temperature range where the optical fiber temperature is less than 1200 ° C., the increase in the thermal divergence, diffusion and dissolution of oxygen atoms present in a minute amount is reduced, but it becomes difficult to reduce Rayleigh scattering. . That is, it takes a long time to reduce Rayleigh scattering, and it is necessary to extremely slow the drawing speed, resulting in poor productivity, which is not practical. Rayleigh scattering depends on the fictive temperature, which depends on the optical fiber annealing process. The fictive temperature depends on the structure relaxation time, and the structure relaxation is fast at high temperatures and slow at low temperatures.
また、徐冷炉の温度を一定とした場合、設定温度が高温の場合には、レーリ散乱の低下速度は速いが、設定温度に応じた構造緩和しか起こらず、仮想温度が高止まりし、レーリ散乱も十分に下がらない。一方、低温の場合、上記のように構造緩和に時間がかかり、仮想温度低下に時間がかかる。そこで、徐冷炉温度に温度勾配をつけることで、仮想温度の低下速度を保ちつつ、かつ、仮想温度の低下の高止まりを防ぐことができるため、効率的にレーリ散乱を下げることができる。
以下、実施例により、本発明の効果を実証する。
In addition, when the temperature of the slow cooling furnace is constant, when the set temperature is high, the rate of reduction of Rayleigh scattering is fast, but only structural relaxation occurs according to the set temperature, the fictive temperature stays high, and Rayleigh scattering also occurs. It does n’t go down enough. On the other hand, at a low temperature, it takes time to relax the structure as described above, and it takes time to lower the virtual temperature. Therefore, by adding a temperature gradient to the slow cooling furnace temperature, it is possible to prevent the high temperature decrease from decreasing while maintaining the virtual temperature decrease rate, and to effectively reduce Rayleigh scattering.
Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be demonstrated by examples.
[実施例1]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200〜1500℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1200〜1500℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.175dB/kmであった。
[Example 1]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing step, an optical fiber temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in a temperature range of a slow cooling furnace temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C., and 1.55 μm of the obtained optical fiber strand was drawn. The loss was 0.175 dB / km.
[実施例2]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1300〜1400℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1300〜1400℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.177dB/kmであった。
[Example 2]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing step, the region of the optical fiber temperature range of 1300 to 1400 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in the temperature range of the annealing furnace temperature of 1300 to 1400 ° C., and 1.55 μm of the obtained optical fiber strand was drawn. The loss was 0.177 dB / km.
[実施例3]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1500℃を、徐冷炉温度1500℃の温度で温度一定にして線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.179dB/kmであった。
[Example 3]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing process, when the optical fiber temperature range of 1500 ° C. was drawn at a constant temperature of the annealing furnace temperature of 1500 ° C., the 1.55 μm loss of the obtained optical fiber was 0.179 dB / km. Met.
[実施例4]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200℃を、徐冷炉温度1200℃の温度で温度一定にして線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.180dB/kmであった。
[Example 4]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing process, when the optical fiber temperature range of 1200 ° C. was drawn at a constant temperature of the slow cooling furnace temperature of 1200 ° C., the 1.55 μm loss of the obtained optical fiber was 0.180 dB / km. Met.
[比較例1]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1600℃を、徐冷炉温度1600℃の温度で温度一定にして線引きしたところ、徐冷炉内で光ファイバ裸線の延伸が安定せず、光ファイバ素線を得ることができなかった。
[Comparative Example 1]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing process, when the optical fiber temperature range of 1600 ° C. was drawn at a constant temperature of the annealing furnace temperature of 1600 ° C., the drawing of the bare optical fiber was not stable in the annealing furnace, and the optical fiber strand was Couldn't get.
[比較例2]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1100℃を、徐冷炉温度1100℃の温度で温度一定にして線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.188dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 2]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. In the optical fiber drawing process, when the optical fiber temperature range of 1100 ° C. was drawn at a constant temperature of the slow cooling furnace temperature of 1100 ° C., the 1.55 μm loss of the obtained optical fiber was 0.188 dB / km. Met.
[比較例3]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、徐冷を行わないで線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.189dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 3]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration and sintering are performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then using this preform. When the optical fiber drawing step was performed without performing slow cooling, the 1.55 μm loss of the obtained optical fiber was 0.189 dB / km.
[比較例4]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行ったが、脱水不足により、光ファイバ母材全体にわたる残留OH濃度の最大値が10ppmとなる母材が作製された。次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200〜1500℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1200〜1500℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.203dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 4]
In the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration sintering was performed in an atmosphere not containing oxygen, but due to insufficient dehydration, a preform having a maximum residual OH concentration of 10 ppm over the entire optical fiber preform was produced. Next, using this base material, in the optical fiber drawing step, an optical fiber temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in the annealing furnace temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C., and obtained. The 1.55 μm loss of the optical fiber was 0.203 dB / km.
[比較例5]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含む雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、光ファイバ母材全体にわたって、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下となる母材を作製し、次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200〜1500℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1200〜1500℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.198dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 5]
Perform dehydration and sintering in an atmosphere containing oxygen in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, produce a preform with a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire optical fiber preform, and then use this preform. In the optical fiber drawing step, the region of the optical fiber temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in the temperature range of the annealing furnace temperature of 1200 to 1500 ° C., and the resulting optical fiber strand lost 1.55 μm. Was 0.198 dB / km.
[比較例6]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて酸素を含む雰囲気で脱水焼結を行ったが、脱水不足により、光ファイバ母材全体にわたる残留OH濃度の最大値が10ppmとなる母材が作製された。次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200〜1500℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1200〜1500℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.233dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 6]
Although dehydration sintering was performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, due to insufficient dehydration, a preform with a maximum residual OH concentration of 10 ppm over the entire optical fiber preform was produced. Next, using this base material, in the optical fiber drawing step, an optical fiber temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in the annealing furnace temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C., and obtained. The 1.55 μm loss of the optical fiber was 0.233 dB / km.
[比較例7]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて脱水焼結を行わずに光ファイバ母材を作製した。得られた光ファイバ母材の全体にわたる残留OH濃度の最大値は400ppmであった。次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、光ファイバ温度域1200〜1500℃の領域を、徐冷炉温度1200〜1500℃の温度範囲で温度勾配をつけて線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.322dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 7]
An optical fiber preform was produced without performing dehydration and sintering in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process. The maximum value of the residual OH concentration throughout the obtained optical fiber preform was 400 ppm. Next, using this base material, in the optical fiber drawing step, an optical fiber temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. was drawn with a temperature gradient in the annealing furnace temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C., and obtained. The 1.55 μm loss of the optical fiber was 0.322 dB / km.
[比較例8]
光ファイバ母材製造工程にて脱水焼結を行わずに光ファイバ母材を作製した。得られた光ファイバ母材の全体にわたる残留OH濃度の最大値は400ppmであった。次いで、この母材を使用して、光ファイバ線引き工程にて、徐冷を行わないで線引きしたところ、得られた光ファイバ素線の1.55μm損失は、0.190dB/kmであった。
[Comparative Example 8]
An optical fiber preform was produced without performing dehydration and sintering in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process. The maximum value of the residual OH concentration throughout the obtained optical fiber preform was 400 ppm. Subsequently, when this preform was drawn without performing slow cooling in the optical fiber drawing step, the 1.55 μm loss of the obtained optical fiber was 0.190 dB / km.
前述した実施例1〜4,比較例1〜8の結果を表1にまとめて記す。 The results of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 are summarized in Table 1.
表1に示した結果から、次のことがわかる。
光ファイバ母材製造工程において、脱水を行わなかった場合は、低損失の光ファイバ素線が得られない。
また、光ファイバ母材製造工程において、酸素を含む雰囲気で脱水焼結した場合は、低損失の光ファイバ素線が得られない。
また、光ファイバ母材の残留OH濃度が5ppmを超えていると、低損失の光ファイバ素線が得られない。
また、光ファイバ線引き工程において、徐冷を行わない場合は、低損失の光ファイバ素線が得られない。
また、光ファイバ線引き工程において、徐冷温度が1200℃未満であるか、あるいは1500℃を超えると、低損失の光ファイバ素線が得られない。
一方、光ファイバ母材製造工程において、酸素を含まない雰囲気で脱水焼結を行い、残留OH濃度が5ppm以下の光ファイバ母材を作製し、これを紡糸する際に、ファイバが1200〜1500℃の温度範囲の時に1200〜1500℃の範囲で徐冷を行った本発明に係る実施例1〜4は、低損失の光ファイバ素線を効率よく製造することができた。
From the results shown in Table 1, the following can be understood.
If dehydration is not performed in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, a low-loss optical fiber strand cannot be obtained.
Further, in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, when dehydration sintering is performed in an atmosphere containing oxygen, a low-loss optical fiber strand cannot be obtained.
Also, if the residual OH concentration of the optical fiber preform exceeds 5 ppm, a low-loss optical fiber cannot be obtained.
Further, in the optical fiber drawing step, when slow cooling is not performed, a low-loss optical fiber strand cannot be obtained.
Also, in the optical fiber drawing step, if the annealing temperature is less than 1200 ° C. or exceeds 1500 ° C., a low-loss optical fiber strand cannot be obtained.
On the other hand, in the optical fiber preform manufacturing process, dehydration sintering is performed in an atmosphere that does not contain oxygen to produce an optical fiber preform having a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less. In Examples 1 to 4 according to the present invention, which were gradually cooled in the range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. in the temperature range, a low-loss optical fiber could be efficiently manufactured.
Claims (5)
前記母材作製工程は、酸素の存在しない雰囲気中で石英ガラス多孔質体を脱水焼結し、母材全体にわたり残留OH濃度が5ppm以下である光ファイバ母材を作製し、
前記線引き工程は、光ファイバ母材を線引きして得られた光ファイバ裸線を、その温度が1200〜1500℃の領域に対して1200〜1500℃の徐冷温度範囲で徐冷することを特徴とする光ファイバの製造方法。 An optical fiber is manufactured by drawing the optical fiber preform obtained by dehydrating and sintering the porous silica glass obtained by depositing fine particles of quartz glass and producing an optical fiber preform. In the manufacturing method of the optical fiber which has a drawing process to do,
In the base material preparation step, a porous silica glass body is dehydrated and sintered in an oxygen-free atmosphere to prepare an optical fiber base material having a residual OH concentration of 5 ppm or less over the entire base material.
The drawing step is characterized in that an optical fiber bare wire obtained by drawing an optical fiber preform is gradually cooled in a slow cooling temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. with respect to a temperature range of 1200 to 1500 ° C. An optical fiber manufacturing method.
The optical fiber manufacturing method according to claim 4, wherein the dehydrating agent is chlorine gas or thionyl chloride.
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