JP4412100B2 - Tuners and programs - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for supporting tuning of musical instruments.

Various tuners (hereinafter also referred to as “tuning devices” or “tuning devices”) have been proposed as devices for supporting the tuning of musical instruments. As an example, the tuners disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have been proposed. Can be mentioned. For example, Patent Document 1 uses a meter to display the difference between the frequency of a performance sound of a musical instrument to be tuned (also referred to as “pitch”) and the pitch of a reference sound that is a reference sound at the time of tuning. In addition, there has been disclosed a tuner that displays the octave position of the reference sound using an LED associated with a keyboard such as a piano. Patent Document 2 discloses a tuning device that has a function of extracting pitches of performance sounds of various musical instruments and can tune a plurality of types of musical instruments with a single unit.
JP 09-257588 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-202080

By the way, in wind instruments and stringed instruments, the actual performance sound (hereinafter also referred to as "real sound")
There are musical notes that are scored in a different key and range (hereinafter referred to as transposing instruments). For users of such transposing instruments, the tuning device disclosed in Patent Document 1 is very difficult to use. This is because the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 displays the octave position on the keyboard that is completely unrelated to the performance of the transposing instrument, and the transposition is applied to the octave position. Because it is not done. Further, according to the tuner disclosed in Patent Document 2, although it is possible to tune a plurality of types of musical instruments with a single tuner, fine tuning according to the characteristics of each musical instrument is performed. Cannot be tuned with high accuracy.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a technique that facilitates tuning according to the type of musical instrument to be tuned and enables tuning with high accuracy. It is said.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is, for each type of instrument, a storage means for storing the parameters for pitch detection including blanking less noise parameter representative of the breath noise of the instrument, according to the type of tuning target instrument Reading means for reading the pitch detection parameter from the storage means, input means for inputting a sound signal of a performance sound of the instrument, and the breath noise parameter of the pitch detection parameter read by the reading means And determining whether or not to detect the pitch of the sound signal input by the input means, and when the determination result indicating that the pitch of the sound signal is detected is obtained, the pitch of the sound signal is Pitch detection means for detecting, and display control means for displaying on the display device data representing the pitch detected by the pitch detection means. To provide Yuna.

In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention provides, for each type of musical instrument, storage means for storing a pitch detection parameter including a breath noise parameter representing the breath noise of the musical instrument, and the sound of the performance sound of the musical instrument. A read-out step of reading out the pitch detection parameters from the storage unit according to the type of musical instrument to be tuned, and a read-out step read into a computer device comprising an input means for inputting a signal and a display device Based on the breath noise parameter of the pitch detection parameter, it is determined whether or not to detect the pitch of the sound signal input by the input means, and the determination to detect the pitch of the sound signal of the performance sound When a result is obtained, a pitch detection step for detecting a pitch of the sound signal and a detection by the pitch detection step. The data representing the pitch to provide a program for executing a display control step of displaying on the display device. In another aspect of the present invention, the program may be recorded and provided on a computer-readable recording medium.

  According to such a tuner and program, the pitch of the performance sound of the musical instrument to be tuned is detected based on a pitch detection parameter previously determined for the musical instrument.

In a more preferred aspect, the pitch detection parameter includes a range parameter representing a range corresponding to the type of the instrument, and the pitch detection means is included in the range represented by the range parameter from the sound signal. extracting a frequency component, when the sound signal indicating that the determination result for detecting the pitch were obtained, and detecting the Kipi pitch before on the basis of the extracted frequency components. In such an aspect, a frequency component corresponding to the musical range of the musical instrument is extracted from the performance sound of the musical instrument to be tuned, and the pitch of the musical performance sound is detected based on the frequency component.

In another preferred embodiment, the pitch detection parameter includes a volume parameter representing a threshold value for a volume according to the type of the instrument, and the pitch detection means is based on the breath noise parameter. when the judgment result is negative, and, when the volume of the sound corresponding to the sound signal input by said input means corresponds to one of the smaller than the threshold value represented by the volume parameter, the make decisions to the effect that does not detect the pitch of the sound signal, the otherwise, and performing a determination to the effect that detects the front Kipi pitch on the basis of the sound signal. In such an embodiment, the pitch of the performance sound is detected only for the performance sound played with a volume equal to or higher than a predetermined threshold as the volume range of the musical instrument to be tuned.

In another preferred embodiment, the breath noise parameter is a breath noise parameter representing the breath noise of the corresponding instrument , and the pitch detection means is the instrument corresponding to the sound signal input by the input means. Whether or not the sound is breath noise is determined based on the breath noise parameter, and if it is determined that the sound is not breath noise, it is determined that the pitch of the sound signal is detected . In such an aspect, the pitch of the performance sound is detected based on a portion other than the breath noise in the performance sound of the musical instrument to be tuned.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to perform tuning in accordance with the type of musical instrument to be tuned, and to perform tuning with high accuracy.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[A: First Embodiment]
(A-1: Configuration)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a tuner 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the tuner 10 includes a storage unit 100, a setting unit 110, an input unit 120, a pitch detection unit 130, a target sound specifying unit 140, a calculation unit 150, and a display control unit 160. ,have. The input unit 120 is connected to the microphone 20 for collecting the performance sound of the musical instrument to be tuned, and the display control unit 160 is connected to the display device 30 such as a liquid crystal display device.

  The storage means 100 in FIG. 1 is, for example, a hard disk, and is associated with a musical instrument identifier (for example, a character string representing a musical instrument type) corresponding to a musical instrument type, and transposition parameters and pitch detection for the musical instrument represented by the musical instrument identifier. Parameters and musical score parameters are stored. Here, the transposition parameter is a parameter representing the key or octave shift of the musical instrument associated with the transposition parameter. The pitch detection parameter is a parameter used when the pitch detection unit 130 detects the pitch of the performance sound of the musical instrument associated with the pitch detection parameter. The score parameter is a parameter representing a score conventionally used for the musical instrument to which the score parameter is associated. In the present embodiment, a clef (t This is a parameter that represents a symbol or a clef.

  The setting means 110 in FIG. 1 is for allowing the user to easily set various parameters (such as the transposition parameter, the pitch detection parameter, and the score parameter) for using the tuner 10. More specifically, the setting unit 110 causes the display device 30 to display a GUI (Graphical User Interface) screen shown in FIG. The user who visually recognizes the GUI screen shown in FIG. 2 appropriately operates an operation unit (not shown) such as a numeric keypad or a mouse provided in the tuner 10, and uses the pull-down menu 200 shown in FIG. A numeric character string representing the pitch of the reference sound (hereinafter referred to as the reference pitch) that serves as a reference when selecting or tuning the instrument can be input to the area 230 in FIG.

  When the instrument identifier is selected or the reference pitch is input, the setting means 110 sends the transposition parameters, score parameters, pitch detection parameters, and the reference pitch stored in the storage means 100 in association with the instrument identifier. Are set in each part of the tuner 10. Specifically, the setting unit 110 sets the pitch detection parameter read from the storage unit 100 to the pitch detection unit 130 and sets the transposition parameter and the score parameter read from the storage unit 100 to the display control unit 160. The setting unit 110 sets reference pitch data representing the reference pitch input via the GUI screen in the target sound specifying unit 140 and the calculation unit 150. As described above, in the present embodiment, the setting unit 110 corresponds to the user interface providing unit that provides the user interface for using the tuner 10 and the type of the instrument input through the user interface. It functions as a reading means for reading out various parameters from the storage means 100.

  The input unit 120 is an input terminal, for example, and is connected to the microphone 20. When the sound signal of the performance sound collected by the microphone 20 is supplied from the microphone 20, the input means 120 delivers the sound signal to the pitch detection means 130.

  The pitch detection means 130 performs a pitch detection process on the sound signal delivered from the input means 120 according to a predetermined pitch detection algorithm, and detects the pitch of the sound signal (that is, the pitch of the performance sound). Thus, data representing the pitch (hereinafter referred to as “pitch data”) is delivered to the target sound specifying means 140 and the calculation means 150. Hereinafter, the configuration of the pitch detection means 130 will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the pitch detection unit 130. As shown in FIG. 3, the pitch detector 130 includes a buffer input unit 131, a pitch detection preprocessing unit 132, an amplitude envelope detection unit 133, a breath noise detection preprocessing unit 134, and a breath noise detection unit 135, A pitch presence / absence determination unit 136 and a pitch detection unit 137 are included.

  The buffer input unit 131 samples the sound signal delivered from the input unit 120 at a constant sampling interval (hereinafter referred to as “buffer length”), and the sampling result is used as a pitch detection preprocessing unit 132, an amplitude envelope detection unit 133, and a breath noise. The data is delivered to the pre-detection processing unit 134. The buffer length is included in the above-described pitch detection parameter, and is set in the buffer input unit 131 by the setting unit 110. In the present embodiment, as the buffer length, a value corresponding to n cycles of the lowest sound that can be played by the musical instrument is set as a tuning target (where n is the minimum number of cycles in which the pitch can be detected).

  The pitch detection pre-processing unit 132 in FIG. 3 includes a band limiting filter (Band Path Filter: “BPF”) 132a and an LPF (Low Path Filter) 132b that functions as a filter for removing higher harmonics. Contains. The BPF 132a extracts only a component in a predetermined frequency range from the input sound signal and delivers it to the LPF 132b. In the present embodiment, a pitch range parameter representing the frequency of the lowest tone and the highest tone of each instrument is included in the aforementioned pitch detection parameter as a parameter representing the frequency range, and the frequency range represented by the pitch range parameter is set by the setting means 110. Is set in the BPF 132a. By setting such a frequency range in the BPF 132a, noise unnecessary for pitch detection is cut from the sound signal delivered from the buffer input unit 131, and the reliability of pitch detection can be improved. On the other hand, the LPF 132b removes a frequency component higher than a predetermined cut-off frequency and outputs it. The LPF 132b cuts the higher harmonic component from the sound signal delivered from the BPF 132a and delivers it to the pitch detector 137. is there. The parameter indicating whether or not the LPF 132b can be used and the cutoff frequency are also included in the pitch detection parameter, and are set in the LPF 132b by the setting unit 110.

  3 detects an envelope of the amplitude of the sound signal delivered from the buffer input unit 131 (hereinafter also referred to as “amplitude envelope”), and uses the data representing the amplitude envelope as a pitch presence / absence determination unit. It is handed over to 136.

The breath noise detection preprocessing unit 134 in FIG. 3 is, for example, an HPF (High Path Filter).
The frequency component lower than a predetermined cutoff frequency is cut from the sound signal delivered from the buffer input unit 131 and delivered to the breath noise detection unit 135. On the other hand, the breath noise detection unit 135 determines whether or not the sound signal delivered from the breath noise detection preprocessing unit 134 represents the breath noise, and determines that the sound signal is the breath noise. A control signal for instructing not to detect the pitch based on the sound signal is supplied to the pitch presence / absence determination unit 136. Specifically, the breath noise detection unit 135 determines that the sound signal represents breath noise when the number of zero crosses of the input sound signal is greater than a predetermined threshold, and determines that the control signal has a pitch presence / absence. It supplies to the determination part 136. Here, the data indicating whether or not to perform the breath noise detection process, the predetermined cutoff frequency, the threshold value of the number of zero crosses, and the like are the pitch detection as a parameter representing the breath noise (hereinafter referred to as the breath noise parameter). And is set in the breath noise detection pre-processing unit 134 and the breath noise detection unit 135 by the setting means 110. The reason for detecting the breath noise in this way is to avoid the occurrence of such a false detection because the pitch noise may be erroneously detected by the breath noise in a wind instrument or the like.

  The pitch presence / absence determination unit 136 in FIG. 3 determines the presence / absence of a pitch based on the control signal supplied from the breath noise detection unit 135 and the detection result of the amplitude envelope detection unit 133. Specifically, the pitch presence / absence determination unit 136 receives an amplitude detected by the amplitude envelope detection unit 133 when a control signal indicating that pitch detection is not performed is supplied from the breath noise detection unit 135. When the envelope level is smaller than a predetermined threshold value, it is determined that there is no pitch, and a control signal indicating that is supplied to the pitch detection unit 137, while in other cases, it is determined that there is a pitch and control indicating that The signal is supplied to the pitch detector 137. In the present embodiment, the predetermined threshold is included in the pitch detection parameter as a volume parameter indicating the volume of the musical instrument to be tuned, and is set in the pitch presence / absence determination unit 136 by the setting unit 110.

  The pitch detection unit 137 in FIG. 3 performs a predetermined algorithm on the signal waveform delivered from the pitch detection preprocessing unit 132 when a control signal indicating that there is a pitch is supplied from the pitch presence / absence determination unit 136. Therefore, a pitch detection process according to the above is performed and the pitch is detected.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, a pitch detection parameter suitable for performing pitch detection for each musical instrument type is stored in the storage unit 100. In the tuner 10, the pitch detection parameters corresponding to the type of musical instrument selected by the user as the musical instrument to be tuned are set in each part of the pitch detection unit 130 by the setting unit 110. Accordingly, pitch detection can be performed in a suitable manner, and the pitch of the performance sound can be detected with high accuracy. When the pitch is detected by the pitch detection unit 130, pitch data representing the pitch is delivered to the target sound specifying unit 140 and the calculation unit 150.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the target sound specifying means 140 is based on the reference pitch set by the setting means 110 and the pitch data delivered from the pitch detection means 130, for example, a predetermined temperament (for example, 12 equal average temperament). ) In which the sound nearest to the performance sound (hereinafter referred to as “target sound”) is specified, and data representing the target sound (hereinafter referred to as target sound data) is transferred to the calculation means 150 and the display control means 160. It is. In the following, the case where the target sound data is character string data representing the pitch name of the target sound will be described, but it is needless to say that the target sound data may be data representing the pitch of the target sound.

  The calculating means 150 calculates a difference between the target sound specified by the target sound specifying means 140 and the pitch detected by the pitch detecting means 130, and displays data representing the difference (hereinafter referred to as “pitch difference data”). It is delivered to the control means 160. More specifically, the calculating unit 150 calculates the cent value of the pitch represented by the pitch data when the pitch of the sound having the pitch name represented by the target sound data delivered from the target sound specifying unit 140 is 0 cent. The data representing the cent value is delivered to the display control means 160 as the pitch difference data. In addition, when the target sound data is data representing the pitch of the target sound, it is needless to say that the difference between the pitch represented by the target sound data and the pitch represented by the pitch data may be directly obtained. .

  The display control means 160 controls the display device 30 so as to display the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound, the pitch name of the target sound, and the octave position. More specifically, the display control means 160 controls the display contents of the display device 30 by supplying the following three types of control signals to the display device 30. The first control signal supplied to the display device 30 by the display control means 160 is an instruction to display the value represented by the pitch difference data delivered from the calculation means 150 in the virtual meter format in the area 250 of FIG. It is a control signal. Further, the display control means 160 uses the note name of the target sound represented by the target sound data delivered from the target sound specifying means 140 according to the transposition parameters described above (hereinafter, notation of the notation). Note name). After performing such conversion, the display control means 160 supplies the display device 30 with a second control signal for instructing to display the notation note name in the area 240 of FIG. The third control signal that the display control means 160 supplies to the display device 30 is that a note is recorded at the octave position corresponding to the notation note name on the staff notation on which the clef represented by the score parameter is notated. 2 is a control signal for instructing display on the area 260 in FIG. In the present embodiment, the case where the display device 30 is controlled by supplying the control signals from the display control means 160 to the display device 30 has been described. However, image data corresponding to an image to be displayed on the display device 30 is described. Of course, the display content of the display device 30 may be controlled by causing the display control means 160 to generate the image data and supplying the image data to the display device 30.

(A-2: Operation)
Next, of the operations performed by the tuner 10, operations that significantly show the features will be described with reference to the drawings. In the operation example described below, a case where the musical instrument to be tuned is a bass clarinet will be described. Further, in the operation example described below, the transposition parameter stored in the storage means 100 in association with the musical instrument identifier representing the bass clarinet is the first representing that the key of the bass clarinet is “in B ♭”. It is assumed that a first parameter and a second parameter indicating that the octave shift is “+1” are included. Further, it is assumed that the clef represented by the musical score parameter stored in the storage means 100 in association with the musical instrument identifier is a “g clef”.

(Parameter setting operation)
First, a parameter setting operation for setting various parameters suitable for tuning the bass clarinet in each means of the tuner 10 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the flow of the parameter setting operation performed by the tuner 10. The user who visually recognizes the GUI screen shown in FIG. 2 first operates the operation unit (not shown) of the tuner 10 as appropriate to input a numeric character string (“440” in the present embodiment) representing the reference pitch into the area 230. At the same time, the pull-down menu 200 is appropriately operated to select the instrument identifier of the bass clarinet that is the instrument to be tuned.

  When the operation as described above is performed, the setting unit 110 acquires the reference pitch data representing the reference pitch via the GUI screen shown in FIG. 2 and corresponds to the instrument identifier selected on the GUI screen. Transposition parameters, pitch detection parameters, and score parameters are read out from the storage means 100 and acquired (step SA1). In this operation example, the setting unit 110 acquires a numerical value (that is, 440) represented by the numerical character string input to the area 230 as reference pitch data, while the instrument identifier (that is, selected by the pull-down menu 200) The transposition parameters, the pitch detection parameters, and the score parameters stored in the storage means 100 in association with the bass clarinet are read and acquired.

  Next, the setting means 110 delivers the various parameters acquired in step SA1 to each means of the tuner 10 and sets these parameters (step SA2). Specifically, the setting unit 110 sets the reference pitch data acquired in step SA1 to the target sound specifying unit 140 and the calculation unit 150, and uses the pitch detection parameter acquired in step SA1 as the pitch detection unit. Set to 130 units. Further, the setting unit 110 sets the transposition parameter and the score parameter acquired in step SA1 in the display control unit 160.

  The display control means 160 to which the transposition parameters and the score parameters are set controls the display device 30 so that the GUI screen corresponding to the contents of these parameters is displayed (step SA3). Specifically, the display control means 160 supplies the display device 30 with a control signal for instructing to display the key represented by the transposition parameter (ie, “in B ♭”) in the area 210 of FIG. At the same time, a control signal for instructing to display the octave shift (that is, “+1”) represented by the transposition parameter in the region 220 of FIG. In addition, the display control means 160 gives a control signal for instructing to display in the area 260 of FIG. 2 the staff notation on which the clef represented by the score parameter (that is, “g clef”) is recorded. Supply to display device 30. As a result, the GUI screen shown in FIG. 5 is displayed on the display device 30. Thereafter, the tuner 10 waits for the sound signal of the performance sound to be input via the input unit 120, and performs the tuning support operation described below when such a sound signal is input. In the following, a case will be described in which a user plays a basque clarinet and plays a note whose actual note name is “C3”.

(Tuning support operation)
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a tuning support operation performed by the tuner 10. As shown in FIG. 6, when the sound signal of the performance sound is input to the input means 120 (step SB1), the tuner 10 detects the pitch of the sound signal by the pitch detection means 130 (step SB2). . Next, the tuner 10 is a sound located closest to the performance sound in a predetermined temperament based on the pitch detected in step SB2 and the reference pitch represented by the reference pitch data set in the parameter setting operation. A target sound is specified by the target sound specifying means 140 (step SB3). In the present embodiment, since a sound signal corresponding to the performance sound as described above is input, a sound whose actual sound name is “C3” is specified as the target sound. The target sound specifying unit 140 delivers the target sound data representing the specified target sound (in this embodiment, a character string representing the pitch name of the target sound with the actual sound) to the calculation unit 150 and the display control unit 160.

  Next, the tuner 10 calculates the difference in pitch between the target sound specified in step SB3 and the performance sound by the calculating means 150 (step SB4). Then, the tuner 10 causes the display control unit 160 to display the pitch difference calculated by the calculation unit 150, the note name of the target sound specified by the target sound specifying unit 140, and a note representing the octave position on the display device 30. (Step SB5). Specifically, the display control means 160 is arranged so that the display control means 160 positions the virtual meter needle displayed in the area 250 of FIG. 5 according to the value represented by the pitch difference data delivered from the calculation means 150. A control signal for instructing redrawing is supplied to the display device 30. Further, the display control means 160 converts the note name (that is, “C3”) represented by the target sound data into a note name of the notation sound according to the transposition parameter, and the note name of the notation sound is converted to the note name. A control signal for instructing to display the character string to be displayed in the area 240 in FIG. 5 is supplied to the display device 30. In this operation example, the note name of the target sound is “C3”, and the keys and octave shifts represented by the transposition parameters are “in B ♭” and “+1”, respectively. The note name of the sound is “D4”, and the character string “D4” is displayed in the area 240 of FIG. Then, the display control means 160 instructs to rewrite the note corresponding to the note name (that is, “D4”) in the notation sound on the staff displayed in the area 260 of FIG. A control signal to that effect is supplied to the display device 30.

  As a result, the GUI screen shown in FIG. 7 is displayed on the display device 30. What should be noted here is that, in addition to the pitch difference between the target sound and the performance sound being displayed in the area 250, the note name of the target sound in the notation sound is displayed in the area 240. And a note corresponding to the notation sound is displayed as a notation in a staff in the area 260. Since bass clarinet has a low range, it is common to use in B ♭ transposed music scored one octave higher with a treble clef. In this type of transposed music score, The sound whose name is C3 is recorded as D4. For this reason, if the note name and the octave position of the performance sound are displayed without key conversion, or the note name and the octave position of the performance sound are displayed without conversion of the octave position, as described above. For users who are familiar with transposing music scores, the target sound is displayed with a note name different from the music score that is normally used (see FIG. 8), or notes are displayed at different octave positions (see FIG. 9). This will cause unnecessary confusion and prevent the tuning operation from proceeding smoothly.

  On the other hand, according to the tuner 10 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the performance sound is generated using a transposition corresponding to the type of musical instrument to be tuned and a musical score conventionally used for the musical instrument. Since the note name and the octave position thereof are displayed, the tuning operation can be smoothly performed without causing unnecessary confusion to the user. Further, according to the tuner 10 according to the present embodiment, since the pitch of the performance sound of the musical instrument is detected based on the pitch detection parameter corresponding to the type of musical instrument to be tuned, the detection accuracy is improved, There is also an effect that tuning with high accuracy becomes possible.

[B: Second Embodiment]
Next, the tuner 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(B-1: Configuration)
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the tuner 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The difference between the configuration of the tuner 40 shown in FIG. 10 and the configuration of the tuner 10 described above (see FIG. 1) is that target sound data representing the pitch of the target sound to be tuned is stored in the storage means 100 in advance. And a determination unit 170 instead of the target sound identification unit 140.

  When the difference between the pitch detected by the pitch detection unit 130 and the pitch of the target sound is within a predetermined range (for example, −5 cents to +5 cents), The display control means 160 is operated to display the difference between the two, the pitch name of the target sound, and the octave position thereof on the display device 30. In the present embodiment, a case where predetermined target sound data is stored in the storage unit 100 in advance will be described. However, it is of course possible that the target sound data is input by the user and the target sound is specified by the user. . Specifically, an area for allowing the user to input the target sound data is newly provided on the GUI screen shown in FIG. 2, and the target sound data input to the area is written to the storage means 100 by the setting means 110. You can do it. The tuner 40 may be provided with sound output means for outputting the target sound. If it does in this way, it will become possible to make a user grasp | ascertain the pitch difference of a performance sound and a target sound by hearing.

(B-2: Operation)
Next, of the operations performed by the tuner 40, only operations that significantly show the characteristics will be described. In the operation example described below, it is assumed that the character string “C3” is stored in advance in the storage unit 100 as the target sound data. Further, in the following, as in the first embodiment described above, a case where the tuning of the bass clarinet is performed will be described. However, the parameter setting operation for the tuner 40 is not different from the parameter setting operation performed by the tuner 10 at all. The description is omitted.

  FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing the flow of tuning support operation performed by the tuner 40. The tuning support operation shown in FIG. 11 is different from the tuning support operation shown in FIG. 6 in the following two points. First, the process of step SB3 (target note name specifying process) described above is not performed. This is because the target sound data is stored in advance in the storage unit 100 of the tuner 40 (that is, the target sound is determined in advance). Second, step SC1 for determining whether or not the pitch difference calculated in step SB4 in FIG. 11 is a value within a predetermined range is provided, and the above-described step is performed only when the determination result is affirmative. This is the point where the processing of SB5 is performed.

  Therefore, according to the tuner 40 according to the present embodiment, the difference between the pitch of the performance sound and the pitch of the target sound specified in advance is a value within a predetermined range (for example, −5 cent to +5 cent). Only in this case, the area 250 of the GUI screen shown in FIG.

  As described above, the tuner 40 according to this embodiment can smoothly perform tuning work without causing unnecessary confusion to the user. In addition, as described above, if the user designates the target sound, the tuning work can be performed by designating the sound to be tuned.

[C: Third Embodiment]
Next, a tuner 50 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(C-1: Configuration)
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a tuner 50 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The configuration of the tuner 50 shown in FIG. 12 is different from the configuration of the tuner 10 described above (see FIG. 1) in that root data representing a sound of a predetermined pitch is stored in the storage means 100 and the pitch. The relationship specifying unit 180 is newly provided, and the display control unit 190 is provided in place of the display control unit 160. In the present embodiment, the case where the root sound data is stored in advance in the storage unit 100 will be described. However, it is of course possible to cause the user to input the root sound data and specify the root sound. Specifically, an area for allowing the user to input the root sound data is newly provided on the GUI screen shown in FIG. 2, and the root sound data input to the area is written to the storage means 100 by the setting means 110. You can do it.

  The pitch relationship specifying unit 180 in FIG. 12 specifies the pitch relationship between the target sound specified by the target sound specifying unit 140 and the sound represented by the root sound data. In the tuner 50, when the pitch relationship specified by the pitch relationship specifying means 180 is a predetermined pitch relationship (for example, a harmony relationship such as a short third, a long third, a complete 4th, or a complete 5th). The calculation unit 150 and the display control unit 190 are driven. In the following description, a case where the data representing the predetermined pitch relationship is stored in the storage unit 100 in advance will be described. However, the data is set by the user so that the user can set the predetermined pitch relationship. Is of course good. In the present embodiment, the case where the calculation unit 150 and the display control unit 190 are driven only when the root sound and the target sound are in a predetermined pitch relationship will be described. However, the root sound and the target sound are described. It goes without saying that the calculation means 150 and the display control means 190 may be driven regardless of whether or not the pitch relationship is the predetermined pitch relationship.

  The display control means 190 in FIG. 12 displays the GUI screen shown in FIG. 13 on the display device 30 and calculates the pitch position of the target sound when the pitch of the average pitch corresponding to the target sound is 0 cent, and the calculation means. The display device 30 displays the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound calculated by 150, the character string representing the pitch relationship specified by the pitch relationship specifying means 180, and the octave positions of the root sound and the target sound. It is. More specifically, the display control means 190 supplies the following four types of control signals to the display device 30 and controls the display contents.

  The first control signal supplied from the display control means 190 to the display device 30 is a virtual meter displayed in the area 250 of FIG. 13 when the pitch of the average pitch corresponding to the target sound is 0 cent. This is a control signal for instructing to redraw a predetermined mark at the pitch position of the target sound and to redraw the virtual meter needle at a position corresponding to the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound.

  The second control signal supplied from the display control unit 190 to the display device 30 is a control signal for instructing to display the character string representing the pitch relationship specified by the pitch relationship specifying unit 180 in the area 270 of FIG. It is. The third control signal supplied to the display device 30 by the display control means 190 is to display the note name of the root note music sound in the area 240b of FIG. 13 and the notation sound of the target sound. This is a control signal for instructing to display the pitch name in the area 240a of FIG. And the 4th control signal which the display control means 190 supplies to the display apparatus 30 respond | corresponded to the note name corresponding to the note name by the note sound of the said root, and the note name by the note sound of the said target sound. This is a control signal for instructing to draw a musical note on the staff notation displayed in the area 260 of FIG.

  With the configuration described above, according to the tuner 50 according to the present embodiment, the user has a sound having a predetermined pitch relationship with the root sound represented by the root sound data (ie, the root sound and the predetermined harmony). It is possible to tune the sound as a target sound. If the tuner 50 is provided with a sound output means for outputting the root tone, it is possible to perform a performance practice while grasping the pitch relationship with the root tone by hearing, that is, a harmony practice. . In the present embodiment, when the root sound and the target sound are in a predetermined pitch relationship, the pitch position is notified by displaying a predetermined mark at the pitch position of the target sound. However, it is of course possible to notify the pitch position by turning on an indicator arranged in advance at the pitch position. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a GUI screen in which a unique indicator is arranged for each pitch relationship is displayed on the display device 30, and only the indicator corresponding to the pitch relationship between the root sound and the target sound is turned on. But of course. For example, on the GUI screen shown in FIG. 14, the indicator 270 d is turned on when the root sound and the target sound have a complete pitch relationship of 5 degrees. Further, when the pitch of the performance sound falls within a predetermined range centered on the pitch of the target sound (for example, a range of -5 cents to +5 cents centered on the pitch of the target sound), the fact is notified. Of course, notification means (for example, an LED that lights up when the pitch of the performance sound falls within the above range) may be provided.

(C-2: Operation)
Next, of the operations performed by the tuner 50 according to the present embodiment, operations that significantly show the features will be described with reference to the drawings. In the operation example described below, a case where harmony practice is performed using a flute will be described. The transposition parameter stored in the storage means 100 in association with the flute instrument identifier indicates that the key is “in C” and the octave shift is “0”, and is associated with the instrument identifier. It is assumed that the clef represented by the score parameter stored in the storage means 100 is a “g clef”. Furthermore, it is assumed that the storage unit 100 stores data representing a sound whose actual sound name is “C4” as the root sound data.

  The parameter setting operation for the tuner 50 is omitted because the parameter setting operation flow is the same as the parameter setting operation performed by the tuner 10 except that transposition parameters and score parameters are different. To do. Hereinafter, the harmony practice support operation performed by the tuner 50 will be described. FIG. 15 is a flowchart showing a flow of harmony practice support operation performed by the tuner 50. The flowchart shown in FIG. 15 differs from the flowchart shown in FIG. 6 in that after specifying the target sound in step SB3, the pitch relation between the target sound and the sound represented by the root sound data is specified. It is specified by the means 180, and it is determined whether or not the pitch relationship is a predetermined pitch relationship (step SD1). If the determination result is affirmative, the processing after step SB4 is performed. In step SB5 of FIG. 15, the display control unit 190 supplies the four control signals described above to the display device 30 and performs display control thereof.

  For example, when the performance sound is “E4”, the performance sound is “longer than 3 degrees” with respect to the root note (“C4”) (when the latter pitch is 0 cent, the former 16 is displayed on the display device 30. Therefore, the GUI screen shown in FIG. 16 is displayed. In a region 250 of FIG. 3, a predetermined mark 250m is displayed at the pitch position of the target sound (that is, the position of −13.7 cents) when the pitch of the average pitch corresponding to the target sound is 0 cent. Has been. When the performance sound is “E ♭ 4”, the performance sound has a pitch relationship of “short third” with respect to the root sound (the former pitch when the latter pitch is 0 cent). 17 is displayed on the display device 30. The GUI screen shown in FIG. When the performance sound is “F4”, the performance sound has a pitch relationship of “perfect 4 degrees” with respect to the root note (the latter pitch is −1 when the latter pitch is 0 cent). 18, the GUI screen shown in FIG. 18 is displayed on the display device 30. When the performance sound is “G4”, the performance sound has a pitch relationship of “completely 5 degrees” with respect to the root sound (when the latter pitch is 0 cent, the former pitch is +1. 19, the GUI screen shown in FIG. 19 is displayed on the display device 30. The GUI screen shown in FIG.

  As described above, according to the tuner 50 according to the present embodiment, the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound is displayed by the meter only when the target sound has a predetermined pitch relationship with respect to the predetermined root sound. At the same time, a character string representing the pitch relationship, the pitch position of the average pitch corresponding to the target sound, and the pitch name and octave position of both musical notes are displayed. Thus, the user can visually grasp the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound, and can visually grasp the harmony relationship between the performance sound and the root sound. As described above, in the conventional tuner for practicing harmony, since all the pitch positions of sounds having a harmonic relationship with respect to a predetermined root tone are displayed, the display contents become complicated (see FIG. 20). There is a problem that it is difficult for each user to grasp which pitch position sound should be played. On the other hand, according to the tuner 50 according to the present embodiment, when the performance sound and the root note are in a predetermined pitch relationship (for example, complete 4 degrees), only the pitch position corresponding to the pitch relationship is used. Is displayed, so that the above-described complexity is eliminated and the harmony practice becomes easy.

[D: Deformation]
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it goes without saying that modifications as described below may be added.
(D-1: Modification 1)
In each of the above-described embodiments, a case has been described in which a transpose parameter representing a key or an octave shift of the musical instrument is set by selecting a musical instrument identifier representing the musical instrument to be tuned from the pull-down menu. By doing in this way, there exists an effect that it becomes possible to set easily the transposition parameter suitable for each musical instrument. However, it is of course possible to allow the user to individually input such parameters, and rewrite means for rewriting each parameter set in the pull-down menu as described above according to the user's request. Of course, it may be provided. Further, holding means (for example, Random Access Memory) that holds transposition parameters read from the storage means 100 in accordance with the type of instrument selected by the user is provided, and when a predetermined operation is performed by the user. Of course, the transposition parameter rewritten by the user may be rewritten again with the transposition parameter held in the holding means for each parameter representing the key or octave shift. If it does in this way, there exists an effect that it becomes possible to set up the above-mentioned transposition parameter flexibly according to a user's desire.
Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, the case where the user selects a musical instrument identifier representing a musical instrument to be tuned by appropriately operating the pull-down menu has been described. For example, based on the performance sound of the musical instrument to be tuned, Of course, the instrument may be automatically recognized. Specifically, the musical instrument identifier and a parameter representing the waveform characteristic of the performance sound of the musical instrument represented by the musical instrument identifier are stored in the storage unit 100 in association with each other. Then, the waveform of the performance sound input to the input means 120 is analyzed to extract its characteristics, and the musical instrument that has played the performance sound is recognized based on the extracted characteristics and the stored contents of the storage means 100. Just do it.

(D-2: Modification 2)
In each of the above-described embodiments, a pitch detection parameter suitable for each musical instrument, a transposition parameter representing transposition of each musical instrument, and a musical score parameter representing a musical score suitable for the musical instrument are associated with a musical instrument identifier representing the type of musical instrument. The case of storing in 100 has been described. However, in addition to the pitch detection parameter, the transposition parameter, and the score parameter, a meter display parameter that defines a display mode when the pitch difference between the target sound and the performance sound is displayed in a meter is associated with the instrument identifier and stored. Of course, it may be stored in the means 100. As an example of such a meter display parameter, a pitch detection interval in the pitch detecting means 130, and the pitch presence / absence determining unit 136 displays no pitch in the meter display when it is determined that there is no pitch continuously. Whether to average and display the pitch history detected by the pitch detection means 130 as a meter, the averaging method, the number of histories used for averaging, and the display of the virtual meter. When updating, whether or not to perform interpolation so that the change in the needle position is displayed smoothly, the number of interpolation divisions, and the like. For example, in the case of a low music instrument, since the period of the performance sound becomes long, the frequency of detecting the pitch decreases, so there is a possibility that the change in the needle position becomes discontinuous. For such a low music instrument, the change in the needle position of the virtual meter can be smoothed by associating the parameter for meter display indicating that interpolation is performed with fine division.

(D-3: Modification 3)
In the first and second embodiments described above, the case where the note name of the target sound, which is the sound closest to the performance sound in the predetermined temperament, is converted into the note name of the notation sound and displayed is described. . However, if the user sets whether or not to perform such conversion, and the setting is made not to perform such conversion, it is of course possible to display the actual sound name of the target sound. In addition, the user may set whether or not to perform transposition for the display position of the note corresponding to the target sound, and may be displayed at a position corresponding to the setting content. In this way, the actual sound name is displayed as the note name of the target sound, while the position of the note on the staff in the area 260 in FIG. 2 is set to a position corresponding to the note name as the notation sound. For example, the display mode can be flexibly changed according to the user's desire. Also in the third embodiment, the user is allowed to set whether to display the pitch name of the real sound or the pitch name of the notation sound as the root name or the target sound, and according to the setting contents. Of course, it may be modified so that it is displayed in a manner, and it is possible to set whether or not to transpose the note position, and it may be modified so that it is displayed in a manner according to the setting contents. .

(D-4: Modification 4)
In each of the above-described embodiments, a case has been described in which a musical score parameter representing a clef to be recorded on a staff displayed in an area is written in a storage unit in association with a musical instrument identifier. This makes it possible to display a staff notation with a clef suitable for the range of the instrument to be tuned, but always display a staff notation with a treble clef as a clef. It is also possible to display a staff score in which a clef is always recorded as a clef. That is, it is possible to always display a staff notation in which a fixed clef is recorded, regardless of the type of instrument.

(D-5: Modification 5)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case has been described in which the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound played by the musical instrument to be tuned is converted into a cent value and displayed on the virtual meter. However, the pitch of the performance sound and the pitch of the target sound may be displayed as a bar graph, and of course, both pitches and their differences may be displayed numerically. In short, any mode may be used as long as the pitch difference between the performance sound and the target sound is displayed in an easily understandable manner.

(D-6: Modification 6)
In each of the above-described embodiments, the case has been described in which the tuner according to each of the present embodiments is configured using each unit that realizes a function specific to the tuner according to the present invention. However, for example, by installing software that causes a control unit such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) to function as each of the above-described units in a computer device and operating the control unit according to the software, the above-described embodiment is added to the computer device. Of course, the same function as that of the tuner may be added. For example, the software is recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read Only Memory) and distributed, or the software is distributed via an electric communication line such as the Internet. By doing so, it is possible to install the software on a general computer device, and to make the computer device function as a tuner according to the present invention.

1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of a tuner 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 10. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration example of a pitch detection unit 130 of the tuner 10. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of a parameter setting operation performed by the tuner 10. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 10. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a flow of tuning support operation performed by the tuner 10. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 10. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the malfunction when not converting key. It is a figure for demonstrating the malfunction when not performing an octave shift. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the tuner 40 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the tuning assistance operation | movement which the tuner 40 performs. It is a figure which shows the structural example of the tuner 50 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen that the tuner 50 displays on the display device 30. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another form of GUI screen that the tuner 50 displays on the display device 30. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of harmony practice support operation performed by the tuner 50. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 50. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 50. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 50. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a GUI screen displayed on the display device 30 by the tuner 50. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the malfunction of the tuner for conventional harmony practice.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 40, 50 ... Tuner, 20 ... Microphone, 30 ... Display apparatus, 100 ... Memory | storage means, 110 ... Setting means, 120 ... Input means, 130 ... Pitch detection means, 131 ... Buffer input part, 132 ... Pre-processing of pitch detection 132a ... BPF, 132b ... LPF, 133 ... amplitude envelope detector, 134 ... brace noise detection pre-processor, 135 ... brace noise detector, 136 ... pitch presence / absence determiner, 137 ... pitch detector, 140 ... target sound Identifying means, 150 ... calculating means, 160, 190 ... display control means, 170 ... determining means, 180 ... pitch relation identifying means.

Claims (5)

For each type of instrument, a storage means for storing the parameters for pitch detection including blanking less noise parameter representative of the breath noise of the instrument,
Reading means for reading out the pitch detection parameters from the storage means according to the type of musical instrument to be tuned;
Input means for inputting a sound signal of a performance sound of the instrument;
Based on the breath noise parameter of the pitch detection parameter read by the reading means, it is determined whether or not to detect the pitch of the sound signal input by the input means, and the pitch of the sound signal is detected. A pitch detection means for detecting the pitch of the sound signal when a determination result is obtained,
A tuner having display control means for displaying data representing a pitch detected by the pitch detection means on a display device. The pitch detection parameter includes a range parameter representing a range corresponding to the type of the instrument,
The pitch detection unit extracts a frequency component included in a sound range represented by the sound range parameter from the sound signal, and when a determination result indicating that the pitch of the sound signal is detected is obtained, The tuner according to claim 1, wherein the pitch is detected based on the tuner. The pitch detection parameter includes a volume parameter representing a threshold value for the volume according to the type of the instrument,
The pitch detection means is when the judgment result based on the breath noise parameter is negative, and the sound volume corresponding to the sound signal input by the input means is smaller than a threshold value represented by the sound volume parameter. In any of the cases, it is determined that the pitch of the sound signal is not detected, and in other cases, it is determined that the pitch is detected based on the sound signal. The tuner according to claim 1. The breath noise parameter is a breath noise parameter representing the breath noise of the corresponding instrument,
The pitch detection means determines whether or not the sound of the musical instrument corresponding to the sound signal input by the input means is breath noise based on the breath noise parameter, and determines that the sound is not breath noise The tuner according to claim 1, wherein a determination is made to detect a pitch of the sound signal. For each instrument type , storage means for storing pitch detection parameters including a breath noise parameter representing breath noise of the instrument, input means for inputting a sound signal of the performance sound of the instrument, and a display device are provided. Computer equipment,
A step of reading out the pitch detection parameters from the storage means according to the type of musical instrument to be tuned;
Based on the breath noise parameter of the pitch detection parameter read in the reading step, it is determined whether or not to detect the pitch of the sound signal input by the input means, and the sound signal of the performance sound A pitch detection step of detecting the pitch of the sound signal when a determination result indicating that the pitch of the sound signal is detected is obtained;
A display control step for causing the display device to display data representing the pitch detected by the pitch detection step.

Images