JP4423766B2

JP4423766B2 - Body fat meter and sphygmomanometer with body fat meter

Info

Publication number: JP4423766B2
Application number: JP2000237014A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 義明渡邉; 直史中谷
Original assignee: Panasonic Corp; Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
Current assignee: Panasonic Corp; Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
Priority date: 2000-08-04
Filing date: 2000-08-04
Publication date: 2010-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2020-08-04
Also published as: JP2002045347A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、人体の体脂肪率を測定する体脂肪率計、および血圧と体脂肪率を１台で測定できる体脂肪率計付き血圧計に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
まず、従来の体脂肪率計については、人体の密度を測定し脂肪分とそれ以外の組織の比重の違いから体脂肪率を算出する密度法が標準的な計測法として医師や研究者に用いられているが、この方法では人体の容積や比重を求めるために、全身を水中に潜らせる必要があり、被測定者への肉体的な負荷が大きく家庭用としては用いられてはいない。そこで家庭用としては体脂肪率と相関があると言われている生体のインピーダンスや光の透過率、超音波の反射率や透過率を測定し、測定値を上記で述べた密度法で計測された体脂肪率と対応づけることによって間接的に体脂肪率を求める間接法が多く用いられている。
【０００３】
また、従来の電子血圧計については、腕や手首にカフを巻き付けカフに最高血圧以上の圧力を加えて血流を一時的に阻害した後に、徐々にカフの圧力を下げその過程で脈音が発生する時点と消失する時点の圧力から最高血圧値と最低血圧値を決定するコロトコフ音法や、同じくカフ圧の減圧過程における心拍に同期して発生するカフの微小な圧力変動の振幅の変化を用いて血圧値を決定するオシロメトリック法を用いて人体の血圧を決定するものが多く、実際に家庭用としても広く使用されている。
【０００４】
また、これら従来の電子血圧計と体脂肪率計を同時に測定できる体脂肪率計付き血圧計も提案されている。例えば、特許第２５３４０１９号公報では血圧測定時に加圧するためのカフを２つ持っており、これらを両手首に装着して２つのカフに配置された電極間のインピーダンスを計測する事により、被検者の体脂肪率を測定している。
【０００５】
図８に従来の体脂肪率計付き血圧計の説明図を示す。図中３１は左腕用カフ、３２は右腕用カフ、３３は本体、３４、３５はそれぞれ本体３３と左右のカフ３１、３２とを結び本体で発生させた圧力を左右のカフ３１、３２に伝達するエアパイプ、３６、３７はそれぞれ本体３３と左右のカフ３１、３２とを結び両手首間のインピーダンスを測定するためのリード線である。なお、本体３３には血圧測定時にカフに加える圧力を発生させる圧力発生手段と圧力発生手段が発生した圧力を測定する圧力検出手段とカフの圧力を徐々に減圧する微速減圧弁や、体脂肪率を測定する際に両腕間のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定手段とインピーダンスを算出するための身長・体重データを入力する入力手段３８、３９、４０や、血圧や体脂肪率の測定結果等を表示する表示装置４１と、全体の制御を司る制御手段が収納されている。
【０００６】
この従来例における作用を説明する。まず、入力手段３８、３９、４０から被験者の身長・体重が入力され、被験者が左右の手首に装着したカフ３１、３２により手首部分の動脈を圧迫阻血して、片側、もしくは両手首のカフを用いて血圧を測定すると同時に、両手首部位の甲側に配置された電極装置により人体インピーダンスを測定し、このインピーダンスの値と入力手段３８、３９、４０から入力された身長・体重データとから、体脂肪率を算出し表示装置４１に表示している。この構成により、血圧と体脂肪率が同時に測定でき、カフの加圧により電極装置が人体の皮膚に十分に圧接されて良好な皮膚への接触を図る事が可能となる。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記従来の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では、両手首にカフを装着するので、測定の前後で両手が自由にならないために、カフの装着やデータ入力の操作が困難になったり、拘束感があるなど使用上の不快感が多くなるほか、両手首へのリード線やエアパイプの引き回しが必要になり、取り扱いがわずらわしくなるという欠点があった。また、カフを加圧することによりカフの手首側に配置された電極と手首との接触を良好にすることが可能とも記述されているが、装置の小型化を図る場合は電極の大きさを小さくする必要があり、どこまで電極を小さくできるかは接触抵抗の増加をいかに押さえるかにかかっている。しかるに、上記従来の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では接触抵抗の削減のために具体的にどれだけ加圧すればよいかは明細書に記載されておらず、どれだけ加圧してよいか分からないという欠点があった。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記課題を解決するために、人体の上肢に装着され人体の血圧により変化する生体情報を検出する生体情報検出手段と、前記生体情報検出手段の出力から人体の血圧値を算出する血圧値決定手段と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された生体の部分に接触する様に配置された第一の電極と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された部分とは別の上肢における生体の皮膚を接触させる第二の電極と、前記第一の電極と第二の電極との間のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定手段と、前記インピーダンス測定手段の出力から前記人体の体脂肪率を算出する体脂肪率算出手段とからなり、前記生体情報検出手段は、前記血圧値決定手段が算出した人体の血圧値により決定される圧力をかけて前記第一の電極を生体に接触させる圧力印加手段を持つ構成としたものである。
【０００９】
上記発明によれば、体脂肪率測定の際に圧力印加手段により第１の電極を手首の皮膚に押し付けるので接触抵抗を減じることが可能で、あらかじめ決められた最適な加圧状態の時のインピーダンスから人体の体脂肪率を測定できるので、正確な体脂肪率を測定できる体脂肪率計を提供できる。また、このような体脂肪率計は、圧力印加手段を用いて上肢の装着部位を加圧した時の生体情報を検出し血圧値を決定する血圧計に体脂肪率測定機能を付加することで、より簡単に実現できる。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の請求項１にかかる体脂肪率計は、人体の上肢に装着され人体の血圧により変化する生体情報を検出する生体情報検出手段と、前記生体情報検出手段の出力から人体の血圧値を算出する血圧値決定手段と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された生体の部分に接触するように配置された第一の電極と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された部分とは別の上肢における生体の皮膚を接触させる第二の電極と、前記第一の電極と第二の電極との間のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定手段と、前記インピーダンス測定手段の出力から前記人体の体脂肪率を算出する体脂肪率算出手段とからなり、前記生体情報検出手段は、前記血圧値決定手段が算出した人体の血圧値により決定される圧力をかけて前記第一の電極を生体に接触させる圧力印加手段を持つ構成としたものである。
【００１１】
そして、体脂肪率測定の際に圧力印加手段によりあらかじめ決められた強さで加圧して第１の電極を手首の皮膚に押し付けて接触抵抗を低減させたときの人体のインピーダンスを測定して人体の体脂肪率を算出するので、電極が小さい場合でも正確な体脂肪率を算出できる体脂肪率計を提供できる。また、インピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力を人体の血圧値を用いて最適化するので、圧力印加手段直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項２にかかる体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、人体の上肢に装着され人体の血圧により変化する生体情報を検出する生体情報検出手段と、前記生体情報検出手段の出力から前記人体の血圧値を算出する血圧値決定手段と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された生体の部分に接触するように配置された第一の電極と、前記生体情報検出手段が装着された部分とは別の上肢における生体の皮膚を接触させる第二の電極と、前記第一の電極と第二の電極との間のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定手段と、前記インピーダンス測定手段の出力から前記人体の体脂肪率を算出する体脂肪率算出手段とからなり、前記生体情報検出手段は、前記血圧値決定手段が算出した人体の血圧値により決定される圧力をかけて前記第一の電極を生体に接触させる圧力印加手段を持つ構成としたものである。
【００１３】
そして、体脂肪率測定の際にも圧力印加手段によりあらかじめ決められた強さで加圧して第一の電極を手首の皮膚に押し付けて接触抵抗を低減させたときの人体のインピーダンスを測定して人体の体脂肪率を算出するので、電極が小さい場合でも正確な体脂肪率を算出できる体脂肪率計付き血圧計を提供できる。また、インピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力を人体の血圧値を用いて最適化するので、圧力印加手段直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
【００１４】
本発明の請求項３にかかる体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、圧力印加手段の圧力を検出する圧力検出手段を持ち、前記圧力検出手段の検出結果が、前記血圧値決定手段が算出した人体の血圧値により決定される圧力の時に測定されたインピーダンスの値から前記人体の体脂肪率を決定する構成とした。
【００１５】
そして、圧力検出手段の出力から第一の電極と手首の皮膚とが接触している最適な状態を検出できるので、接触抵抗の少ない状態でインピーダンスを検出することが可能であり、したがって、正確な体脂肪率測定が可能な体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計を提供できる。
【００２０】
本発明の請求項４にかかる体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、体脂肪率を算出するために用いるインピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力範囲の上限は平均血圧値以上かつ人体の最高血圧値以下とする構成とした。
【００２１】
そして、圧力印加手段の圧力が被験者の平均血圧値以上かつ最高血圧値以下の時のインピーダンスを測定するので、圧力印加手段直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
【００２２】
本発明の請求項５にかかる体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、血圧値と体脂肪率を同時または連続して測定するものであり、体脂肪率を算出するために用いるインピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力範囲は同時または連続して測定した血圧値から決定する構成とした。
【００２３】
そして、体脂肪率を測定する状態またはその直前の血圧値からインピーダンス測定を行う圧力印加手段の圧力値を決定するので、被験者の状況に応じたインピーダンス測定ができる。
【００２４】
本発明の請求項６にかかる体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、圧力印加手段の圧力を制御する圧力制御手段を持ち、圧力印加手段の圧力が、前記血圧値決定手段が算出した人体の血圧値により決定される圧力範囲外になった時に圧力範囲内に戻すように制御する構成とした。
【００２５】
そして、インピーダンスの測定が完了する前に圧力印加手段の圧力値が安定して測定できる圧力範囲以下になった場合に再度加圧して圧力印加手段の圧力を上昇させてインピーダンスを測定するので、圧力印加手段の圧力が低下した場合でも正確なインピーダンス測定ができる。
【００２６】
本発明の請求項７にかかる体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、生体情報検出手段は圧力印加手段を用いて上肢の装着部位を加圧した時の生体情報を検出し、血圧値決定手段は前記生体情報検出手段の出力から人体の血圧値を決定する構成とした。
【００２７】
そして、血圧計で使用するカフを用いて加圧するので、カフを血圧計測と体脂肪率計測とで共用できる。
本発明の請求項８にかかる体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、前記第一の電極を、前記生体情報検出手段の生体に接触する部分に配置するとともに、前記第二の電極を、前記生体情報検出手段と一体的に設けられた筐体表面に配置した構成とした。
【００２８】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例について図面を用いて説明する。
【００２９】
（実施例１）
図１は本発明の実施例１における体脂肪率計付き血圧計のブロック図、図２は同装置の外観図である。なお、本実施例の体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、生体情報検出手段として人体の左腕手首部に装着して加圧することにより血圧と加圧した圧力との関係により変化する血管の振動を検出するカフを用い、手首の血圧を測定する血圧計と、左右の上肢間のインピーダンスを測定して被験者の体脂肪率を算出する手首式の体脂肪率計を合体した体脂肪率計付き血圧計の例を示す。
【００３０】
図１において、１は人体の手首に装着され手首を加圧して血液の脈動による血管の振動を検出する生体情報検出手段であるカフ、２はカフ１に圧力を供給する加圧ポンプ、３はカフ２の圧力を徐々に減圧する微速減圧弁、４は測定終了時や異常時に急速に開放しカフ圧を大気圧に戻す急速排気弁、５はカフ１内の圧力を検出する圧力センサ、６は圧力センサ５の出力信号からＤＣ成分をカットし心臓の活動に同期した微小な圧力変化を示す脈波を抽出して出力する脈波検出手段、７は圧力センサ５の出力と脈波検出手段６の出力とから人体の血圧値を決定する血圧値決定手段である。
【００３１】
また、１１はカフ１の被験者の皮膚に接触する部分に設置された第一の電極、１２はカフ１が装着されない側の上肢の一部を接触させる第二の電極、１３は第一の電極１１と第二の電極１２との間のインピーダンスを測定するインピーダンス測定手段、１４は測定されたインピーダンスから体脂肪率を算出するために必要な被験者の身体情報を入力するための入力手段、１５はインピーダンス測定手段１３の出力と入力手段１４により入力された被験者の身体情報とから被験者の体脂肪率を算出する体脂肪率算出手段である。
【００３２】
さらに、１９は被験者などが電源をオン・オフしたり測定項目を選択し測定を開始させるために操作する制御スイッチ、２０は測定結果を表示する表示手段、２１はこれらの制御を統括する制御手段である。なお、制御スイッチ１９は電源ボタン１９ａと血圧測定スタートボタン１９ｂと体脂肪測定スタートボタン１９ｃとからなっており、各ボタンを被験者が指などで押すことにより電源のオン・オフや測定項目の選択できるようにしている。
【００３３】
また、入力スイッチ１４は選択・決定ボタン１４ａと増加ボタン１４ｂと減少ボタン１４ｃとからなっており、身長や体重の項目を選択・決定ボタン１４ａで選択した上で増加ボタン１４ｂと減少ボタン１４ｃで数字を増減させて被験者の数字に合わせ、もう一度選択・決定ボタン１４ａを押す事により身体情報の入力を行っている。
【００３４】
また、インピーダンス測定手段１３は電流印加手段１６と電圧検出手段１７とインピーダンス算出手段１８からなっており、本実施例では第一の電極１１と第二の電極１２はそれぞれ電流印加手段１６に接続された電極（１１−ａ、１２−ａ）と電圧検出手段１７に接続された電極（１１−ｂ、１２−ｂ）の２枚の電極を持ち合計４枚の電極を用いてインピーダンスを測定する４端子法を用いている。また、微速減圧弁３は制御手段２１の制御を受けず、カフ１の圧力に応じて徐々にカフ１の内部の空気を抜き圧力をゆっくりと減圧させるものである。
【００３５】
次に動作、作用について説明する。図３に制御手段２１のフローチャートを示す。電源ボタン１９ａを押し電源をオン（ＳＴ１）すると、次に血圧測定スタートボタン１９ｂ（ＳＴ２）または体脂肪率測定スタートボタン１９ｃ（ＳＴ３）が押されるまで待機する。この状態で血圧を測定する被験者がカフ１を左腕手首部に装着し、血圧測定スタートボタン１９ｂを押すと、制御手段２１が血圧測定を許可し、血圧測定が開始される。制御手段２１は、まず、急速排気弁４を閉じ（ＳＴ１６）、次に加圧ポンプ２を動作させ、発生した圧力がカフ１に供給されてカフ１が装着された被験者の左腕手首部を加圧する（ＳＴ１７）。この時、制御手段２１は圧力センサ５の出力をモニターしてカフ１の圧力が人体の最高血圧値より高くなるようにあらかじめ決められた加圧目標値を越えたかいなかを判定し（ＳＴ１８）、加圧目標値を越えた場合に加圧ポンプ２の動作を停止して加圧を止め（ＳＴ１９）、微速減圧弁３によりカフ１の圧力を徐々に減圧していく減圧動作に移行する。
【００３６】
この時、圧力センサ５の出力には心臓の活動による血管の振動がカフ１に伝達されるため微小な圧力変化が現れ、脈波検出手段６が圧力センサ５の信号からＤＣ成分を除去し脈動成分のみを取り出して脈波を抽出し（ＳＴ２０）、血圧値決定手段７では脈波検出手段６の出力から心臓の１拍毎の脈波波形の振り幅を求め、この振り幅とその時の圧力センサ５の出力値とを用い、振り幅のカフ圧に伴なう変化が被験者の血圧と相関がある事を用いて人体の血圧値を決定するオシロメトリック法により被験者の血圧値を算出し決定している。オシロメトリック法では、カフ圧が平均血圧と等しい時に脈波の振り幅が最大になることを用いて最高血圧や最低血圧を決定するが、脈波の採取が始まった時のカフ圧が最高血圧より十分に大きくない場合には脈波の振り幅が始めから大きく現れてしまうが、平均血圧のときの脈波の振り幅に対して十分小さい振り幅でないと最高血圧を正確に検出できない。
【００３７】
そこで、加圧終了後に暫く脈波の振り幅を調べ、大きさが十分小さいことを確認した上で血圧値決定のルーチンに移行させている（ＳＴ２１）。なお、脈波の振り幅が大きいと判断された場合には、加圧目標値を大きく再設定（ＳＴ２２）した上で再度加圧動作に移行する（ＳＴ１７）。脈波の振り幅が十分に小さいと判断された場合は脈波採取を継続し、カフ圧が平均血圧と等しい時の脈波の振り幅が最大となる圧力を検出する（ＳＴ２４）と、最低血圧となる脈波の振り幅の算出（ＳＴ２５）を行い、検出している脈波の振り幅が算出された最低血圧の脈波の振り幅より小さくなったことを検出する（ＳＴ２６）とその時点で最高血圧と最低血圧の算出と心拍数の算出を行い（ＳＴ２８）、結果を表示器２０に表示させる（ＳＴ２９）とともに、急速排気弁４を解放（ＳＴ３０）し血圧測定を終了させて、再び血圧測定スタートボタン１９ａもしくは体脂肪率測定スタートボタン１９ｂが押されるまで待機するステップ（ＳＴ２、ＳＴ３）へ戻る。
【００３８】
また、ここで体脂肪率測定を行う被験者がカフ１を左腕手首部に装着して体脂肪率測定スタートボタン１９ｃを押すと、制御手段２１が体脂肪率測定を許可し（ＳＴ３）、体脂肪率測定が開始される。まず、被験者の自身の身長（ＳＴ４）や体重（ＳＴ５）、年齢（ＳＴ６）、性別（ＳＴ７）の各身体情報を入力してもらうため入力手段１４からのデータ入力を受け付け、被験者は身長や体重等の各項目を選択・決定ボタン１４ａで選択した上で増加ボタン１４ｂと減少ボタン１４ｃで数字を増減させて被験者の数字に合わせ、もう一度選択・決定ボタン１４ａを押す事により自身の身体情報の入力を行なう。
【００３９】
この時、表示手段２０に入力情報を表示させ被験者はその数値を確認しながら入力を行なっている。被験者の身体情報が入力されると、次はインピーダンス測定手段１３により被験者の上肢間のインピーダンスの測定が行われる。測定を開始すると、まず、急速排気弁を閉じ（ＳＴ８）加圧ポンプ２を動作させ、発生した圧力がカフ１に供給されてカフ１が装着された被験者の左手首部を加圧（ＳＴ９）し、カフ１の手首側に配置された第一の電極１１が手首の皮膚に押し付けれられて強く接触する。この時、制御手段２１は圧力センサ５の出力をモニターし、カフ１の圧力があらかじめ決められた加圧目標値を越えた場合（ＳＴ１０）に加圧ポンプ２の動作を停止して加圧を止め（ＳＴ１１）、微速減圧弁３によりカフ１の圧力を徐々に減圧していく減圧動作に移行する。
【００４０】
その後、電流印加手段１６は第一の電極１１と第二の電極１２の間に電流を流そうとするが、被験者がカフ１を装着させていない右腕の掌をケース２３の右腕側の表面に露出して配置された第二の電極１２に接触させると、被験者の左右の上肢間に電流が流れ、第一の電極１１と第二の電極１２間には被験者の左右の上肢間のインピーダンスに応じた電圧が発生する。このように発生する電圧を電圧検出手段１７によって検出し、この電圧値を電流印加手段１６が印加した電流で除算して被験者の両上肢間のインピーダンスを測定している（ＳＴ１２）。なお、本実施例では電流印加手段１６が第一の電極１１と第二の電極の間に流す電流はインピーダンスが変化しても一定電流となるように調整されており、インピーダンス算出手段ではあらかじめこの値を記憶してインピーダンスの算出を行っている。インピーダンス測定手段１３により被験者の左右の上肢間のインピーダンスが測定されると、体脂肪率算出手段１５により、このインピーダンスの値と、入力手段１４により入力された被験者の身体情報とを用いて、あらかじめ決定された換算式により被験者の体脂肪率を決定している（ＳＴ１３）。
【００４１】
ここで用いる換算式は、多数の人体の体脂肪率を密度法などの直接法で測定し、これと両上肢間で測定したインピーダンス、身長、体重、年齢、性別などの身体情報で回帰式を求めておいたものである。体脂肪率が大きくなると当然組織中の脂肪分も多くなるが、脂肪分の抵抗率は脂肪分以外の組織や体液などよりかなり大きいために、組織内に脂肪分が増えると生体の２点間のインピーダンスも大きくなる。この関係は身長や体重、性別や年齢が一定の条件下では安定しているので、様々な身長や体重、性別、年齢の人を用いて体脂肪率とインピーダンスとの関係を調べる事によりあらゆる被験者に対して有効な回帰式を求める事ができる。このような回帰式に基づいて算出された被験者の体脂肪率は表示手段２０に表示されて（ＳＴ１４）被験者に報知され、急速排気弁を解放してカフ１の圧力を大気圧に戻して（ＳＴ１５）測定が終了し、再び血圧測定スタートボタン１９ａもしくは体脂肪率測定スタートボタン１９ｂが押されるまで待機するステップ（ＳＴ２、ＳＴ３）へ戻る。
【００４２】
本実施例の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では、上記のように体脂肪測定時にカフ１を加圧しカフ１の手首側に配置された第一の電極１１を手首の皮膚面に押し付けることにより安定した接触を可能にし、接触抵抗を低減させることに効果がある。接触抵抗が大きい場合、電流印加回路１６の電極間にかかる電圧も接触抵抗に応じて大きくなり、電流印加回路１６の電源以上に電圧が大きくなった場合に正しく正弦波を印加できず、歪んだ印加電流に基づく誤ったインピーダンス検出を行うことがある他、電圧検出回路１７では接触抵抗の影響を避けるために入力インピーダンスを接触抵抗より十分に大きくする必要があり、接触抵抗の低減はこのような体脂肪率計の開発においては設計仕様を決めるために必要な事項である。
【００４３】
さて、図４に、ある被験者で様々なカフ圧で接触抵抗を測定した結果を示すが、カフ圧が０mmHg、すなわち、カフによる加圧を行わない場合は、カフによる加圧がある場合よりも接触抵抗が大きく、また、測定の度に大きくばらついていることが分かる。カフ圧が１０〜２０mmHgの間で接触抵抗が大きく変化するが、これは、カフ加圧による効果がこの間で顕著に現れるためで、ここでは、カフ加圧なしの軽い接触が、カフ加圧による安定した接触に接触状態が変化しているカフ圧であることを示していると考えられる。さらに圧力加えていくと徐々に接触抵抗が低下し、５０mmHgを越えると変化がほとんどなくなる。５０〜１５０mmHgでは接触抵抗が低くかつ安定しており、インピーダンス測定には最適である。１５０mmHgを越えると、手首にかかる圧力が大きくなり被験者にとっては負担になってしまうので、圧力を大きくしすぎるのもよくない。さらに、１５０mmHg以上の時却って接触抵抗が大きくなっていることもあり、カフ加圧には最適な範囲が存在することが予想される。
【００４４】
あるカフ圧以上で却って接触抵抗が大きくなる理由としては、カフ加圧によりカフ直下の血流などが変化し水分状態が変わっていることが影響していると考えられる。これまで体脂肪率測定に用いるインピーダンス以外のインピーダンス成分を単に接触抵抗と記述してきたが、実は、図５に示すように、４端子法による生体インピーダンスの測定においては電流印加電極（１１−ａ、１２−ａ）と電圧検出電極（１１−ｂ、１２−ｂ）を分離させ、図のように２つの電流印加電極（１１−ａ、１２−ａ）の間に電圧検出電極（１１−ｂ、１２−ｂ）を配置するが、両電極間の組織抵抗Ｒ_bL、Ｒ_bRと実際の接触抵抗Ｒ_IL、Ｒ_IRとを合算したものになる。
【００４５】
図６にカフ加圧下の手首断面図を示す。断面には皮膚２５、筋肉２６、脂肪２７、骨２８などの組織や血管２９、リンパ管（図示せず）などの循環系の管路が形成されているが、これらに含まれる水分は筋肉などの組織に結びついていて容易に分離しない非流動性のものと動脈や静脈、毛細血管などの血管やリンパ管を流れる流動性のものに分けられる。血管やリンパ腺などを通じて外部から供給される流動性水分は、酸素や栄養分、廃棄物などの移動に用いられているが、これらは、カフの圧力が上昇すると水分にかかっている圧力より大きな圧力が加えられるとカフ直下から押し出されてしまう。組織の抵抗率は組織内の水分量に大きく左右されることがわかっており、導電体となる水分量が少ない場合には抵抗率が大きくなる。
【００４６】
従って、カフ加圧により組織や皮膚表面から水分が押し出されるとカフ直下の抵抗も大きくなり、押し出される水分が多いほど組織内の抵抗は大きくなると考えられる。カフ圧と血圧との関係を考えると、カフ圧が２０〜５０mmHg以上になるとその付近の圧力を持つ静脈血やリンパ液がカフ直下から押し出され、さらにカフ圧が上がって最低血圧以上になると一時的に動脈血管が閉じ動脈血の流動も阻害されるようになる。そして最高血圧以上になると、カフ直下の血流はすべてなくなり、流動可能な水分はすべて押し出されることになる。このようにカフの圧力に従って、カフ直下の水分量は徐々に減少するので、カフ直下の組織抵抗も大きくなる。
【００４７】
一方、カフ圧が大きくなると電極が皮膚により密着するのでに示すように接触抵抗は小さくなっていくが、カフ圧がある程度大きくなると接触抵抗の減少はほとんど見られなくなるために、電極と皮膚との密着による接触抵抗の低減よりも組織内水分の減少による組織抵抗の上昇の方が大きくなってしまい、そのような場合ではカフ圧が大きくなると体脂肪率測定に用いる生体インピーダンス以外の抵抗成分も大きくなる。この様子を図７に示す。
【００４８】
この例では最高血圧が１４０mmHg、平均血圧が１００mmHg、最低血圧が８０mmHgの人の場合で、カフ圧の上昇にしたがって組織抵抗Ｂは大きくなり接触抵抗Ｃは小さくなっている。そして、両者の合算分Ａはカフ圧が０〜２０mmHgで急激に下がり、２０〜５０mmHgで徐々に低下して５０〜１００mmHgで安定し１２０mmHg以上で再度徐々に上昇していく。安定から上昇に転じるカフ圧は平均血圧と最高血圧の間であるが、それは他の被験者でも同様であり、多数の被験者で確認した結果では１００mmHg以上となる場合が大多数であった。
【００４９】
従って、大きくばらつかない範囲として２０mmHg以上あればよく、さらに安定した結果が得られる範囲として、５０mmHg〜１００mmHgが求められる。本実施例ではこの大多数の人で安定した結果の得られる５０mmHg〜１００mmHgのカフ圧で得られた生体インピーダンスを用いて体脂肪率を算出している。なお、個人の血圧を測定し被験者の血圧により制御する範囲を変化させることによって、さらに、この最適なカフ圧の範囲を広げることも可能である。ただし、加圧が大きすぎると被験者の負担となるため、１８０mmHg以上加圧するのは避けるべきである。制御手段２１では、上記のような生体の反応を考慮し、１００mmHgを加圧目標として、生体インピーダンスの測定を行なっている。
【００５０】
本実施例の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では、以上のような生体の反応を考慮し、圧力印加手段を用いあらかじめ決められた圧力により第一の電極を皮膚に押さえつけて接触抵抗を減じるので、接触抵抗のより効果的な低減が可能であり、接触抵抗の影響の少ない、より正確な体脂肪率計測ができる。
【００５１】
また、体脂肪率計付き血圧計の場合、血圧計が測定した被験者の血圧を用いて加圧目標圧力を可変させることも簡単に実現可能であり、この場合は、被験者が変わっても低い接触抵抗を安定して実現できる。
【００５２】
なお、本実施例では、血圧計に体脂肪率測定機能を付加した体脂肪率計付き血圧計に付いて記しているが、圧力印加手段により第１の電極を装着部の皮膚に押さえつける構成であれば、単体の体脂肪率計にも適用できる。もちろん、圧力印加手段をもつオシロメトリック式の家庭用電子血圧計であれば、血圧測定用にすでに圧力印加手段であるカフが準備されているので、本発明の効果を簡単に実現できることは言うまでもない。また、血圧測定と体脂肪率測定を連続して測定するものであれば、先に測定した血圧値を用いて加圧目標値を決定することが可能である。さらに、血圧測定と体脂肪率測定を同時に測定するものであれば、血圧測定時にさまざまなカフ圧におけるインピーダンスを測定しておき、血圧測定結果からどのカフ圧の時点のインピーダンス値を体脂肪率測定に用いるかを判定してより適切なインピーダンスを選択することが可能で、より正確な体脂肪率測定を行なう事が可能となる。
【００５３】
また、本実施例の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では、圧力検出手段によりカフの圧力を検出して加圧目標圧力になったかを判定して最適な加圧を実現しているが、圧力検出手段を用いずに加圧手段の運転時間等で加圧量を制御しても良い。この場合、被験者の腕の太さやカフの装着状態により電極の皮膚への接触圧が変化するが、上記のように２０〜１８０mmHgという広い圧力範囲であればかなりの人で圧力範囲の加圧を実現可能である。
【００５４】
また、本実施例の体脂肪率計付き血圧計では、微速減圧弁があるため、体脂肪率計測中も微速減圧してしまい、測定中にカフの圧力が低下しすぎる場合がある。それを避けるためには、カフの圧力が一定値以下になった場合に再度加圧手段でカフを加圧し、カフ圧を適正範囲に戻すことが有効である。また、微速減圧弁の前に弁を配置して体脂肪率測定時には微速減圧動作を行なわない構成にしてもよい。さらに、微速減圧弁を制御手段２１で制御できるものとし、血圧測定時と体脂肪率測定時で減圧速度を切り替えられるものでももちろん良い。
【００５５】
また、本実施例では、加圧手段は制御手段による制御を受けて人体の加圧を行っているが、装着時に加圧される構成としたり、手動で加圧した後に測定スタートボタンを押すと言ったような単純な構成でも同様な効果を実現できる。
【００５６】
また、本実施例では、血圧の測定にカフ圧の変化を用いるオシロメトリック法を用いて血圧を測定しているが、マイクロフォンを用いてコロトコフ音という生体情報を検出しその変化から血圧値を決定するコロトコフ音法を用いるものでもよい。さらに、カフを用いずに心電信号と脈波の出現時間の時間差を求めて血圧値に換算するＰＷＶ法による血圧計でも被験者の血圧計が分かる方法であればどんな血圧計でもよい。もちろん、体脂肪率計でカフを用いるので、カフを用いるものが最適であることは言うまでもない。
【００５７】
さらに、上記実施例では、インピーダンスの測定に第一の電極と第二の電極のそれぞれにおいて電流電極と電圧電極を別々に設ける４端子法を用いているが、これによって原理的には接触抵抗の影響を無くす事が可能で、特に第二の電極が十分な面積を取れない場合が多いので、本発明には有効なインピーダンス測定法である。しかし、接触面積を拡大する等の対策により接触抵抗の問題が解決されるならば、２端子法を用いてもよい。
【００５８】
以上説明したように、本発明の体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、血圧測定と正確な他脂肪率測定が実現できるので、一つの装置で複数の健康指標を測定可能で、日々の健康管理に役立てる事ができる。
【００５９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明の請求項１に係る体脂肪率計は、体脂肪率測定の際に圧力印加手段によりあらかじめ決められた強さで加圧して第一の電極を手首の皮膚に押し付けて接触抵抗を低減させたときの人体のインピーダンスを測定して人体の体脂肪率を算出するので、正確な体脂肪率を算出できる。また、インピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力を人体の血圧値を用いて最適化するので、圧力印加手段直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
【００６０】
また、本発明の請求項２に係る体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、体脂肪率測定の際にも圧力印加手段によりあらかじめ決められた強さで加圧して第１の電極を手首の皮膚に押し付けて接触抵抗を低減させたときの人体のインピーダンスを測定して人体の体脂肪率を算出するので、正確な体脂肪率を算出できる。また、インピーダンスを測定する際の圧力印加手段の圧力を人体の血圧値を用いて最適化するので、圧力印加手段直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
また、請求項３に係る体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、圧力検出手段の出力から第１の電極と手首の皮膚とが接触している最適な状態を検出できるので、接触抵抗の少ない状態で生体インピーダンスを検出することが可能であり、したがって、正確な体脂肪率測定が可能な体脂肪率計付き血圧計を提供できる。
【００６３】
また、請求項４に係る体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、圧力印加手段の圧力が被験者の平均血圧以上かつ最高血圧値以下の時のインピーダンスを測定するので、圧力印加手段の直下の血流が安定した状態で正確なインピーダンスの測定ができる。
【００６４】
また、請求項５に係る体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、体脂肪率を測定する状態またはその直前の血圧値からインピーダンス測定を行う圧力印加手段の圧力値を決定するので、被験者の状況に応じたインピーダンス測定ができる。
【００６５】
また、請求項６に係る体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、インピーダンスの測定が完了する前に圧力印加手段の圧力値が測定可能な圧力範囲以下になった場合に再度加圧して圧力印加手段の圧力を上昇させてインピーダンスを測定するので、圧力印加手段の圧力が低下した場合でも正確なインピーダンス測定ができる。
【００６６】
また、請求項７に係る体脂肪率計または体脂肪率計付き血圧計は、血圧計で使用するカフを用いて加圧するので、カフを血圧計測と体脂肪率計測とで共用できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例１における体脂肪率計付き血圧計のブロック図
【図２】同血圧計の外観斜視図
【図３】同血圧計の流れ図
【図４】同血圧計のカフ圧力と接触抵抗の関係を示した特性図
【図５】同血圧計の４端子法を説明する回路図
【図６】人体の手首部の断面図
【図７】同血圧計の組織抵抗及び接触抵抗と、カフ圧力との関係特性図
【図８】従来の体脂肪率計付き血圧計の外観図
【符号の説明】
１カフ（生体情報検出手段、装着手段）
５圧力センサ（圧力検出手段）
７血圧値決定手段
１１第一の電極
１２第二の電極
１３インピーダンス測定手段
１５体脂肪率算出手段[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a body fat percentage meter that measures the body fat percentage of a human body, and a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter that can measure blood pressure and body fat percentage with a single unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
First, with regard to the conventional body fat percentage meter, the density method that measures the density of the human body and calculates the body fat percentage from the difference in specific gravity between fat and other tissues is used as a standard measurement method for doctors and researchers. However, in this method, in order to obtain the volume and specific gravity of the human body, it is necessary to immerse the whole body in water, and the physical load on the person to be measured is large and it is not used for home use. Therefore, for home use, the body impedance, light transmittance, ultrasonic reflectance and transmittance, which are said to have a correlation with body fat percentage, are measured, and the measured values are measured by the density method described above. Indirect methods for indirectly obtaining body fat percentage by associating with body fat percentage are often used.
[0003]
In addition, with conventional electronic blood pressure monitors, cuffs are wrapped around the wrist or wrist and the blood pressure is temporarily inhibited by applying a pressure higher than the maximum blood pressure to the cuff, and then the cuff pressure is gradually lowered and a pulse sound is generated in the process. The Korotkoff sound method, which determines the systolic blood pressure and the systolic blood pressure from the pressure at the time of occurrence and the time of disappearance, and the change in the amplitude of the minute pressure fluctuation of the cuff that occurs in synchronization with the heartbeat in the decompression process of the cuff pressure. In many cases, the blood pressure of a human body is determined by using an oscillometric method for determining a blood pressure value, and it is actually widely used for home use.
[0004]
In addition, a sphygmomanometer with a body fat rate meter capable of simultaneously measuring these conventional electronic sphygmomanometers and body fat rate meters has also been proposed. For example, in Japanese Patent No. 2534019, there are two cuffs for pressurizing during blood pressure measurement, and these are attached to both wrists and the impedance between the electrodes arranged on the two cuffs is measured to The body fat percentage of a person is measured.
[0005]
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a conventional sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter. In the figure, 31 is a left arm cuff, 32 is a right arm cuff, 33 is a main body, 34 and 35 are respectively connected to the main body 33 and the left and right cuffs 31 and 32, and the pressure generated in the main body is transmitted to the left and right cuffs 31 and 32. Air pipes 36 and 37 for connecting the main body 33 and the left and right cuffs 31 and 32 are lead wires for measuring the impedance between the wrists. The main body 33 includes a pressure generating means for generating a pressure applied to the cuff during blood pressure measurement, a pressure detecting means for measuring the pressure generated by the pressure generating means, a slow pressure reducing valve for gradually reducing the pressure of the cuff, and a body fat percentage. Displays impedance measurement means for measuring the impedance between both arms when measuring body weight, input means 38, 39, 40 for inputting height / weight data for calculating impedance, measurement results of blood pressure and body fat percentage, etc. The display device 41 to be controlled and control means for controlling the whole are accommodated.
[0006]
The operation of this conventional example will be described. First, the subject's height and weight are input from the input means 38, 39, 40, and the subject presses and ischemizes the wrist arteries with the cuffs 31, 32 attached to the left and right wrists, and the cuffs on one or both wrists are removed. While measuring blood pressure using the electrode device arranged on the back side of both wrist parts, the human body impedance is measured, and from the impedance value and the height and weight data input from the input means 38, 39, 40, The body fat percentage is calculated and displayed on the display device 41. With this configuration, the blood pressure and the body fat percentage can be measured at the same time, and the electrode device can be sufficiently pressed against the skin of the human body by pressurizing the cuff, and good skin contact can be achieved.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional blood pressure monitor with a body fat percentage meter, since the cuffs are worn on both wrists, both hands are not free before and after the measurement. In addition to increasing discomfort in use such as feeling, there is a disadvantage that handling of the lead wires and air pipes to both wrists becomes cumbersome, which makes handling difficult. In addition, it is described that it is possible to improve the contact between the electrode disposed on the wrist side of the cuff and the wrist by pressurizing the cuff, but when the size of the device is reduced, the size of the electrode is reduced. The extent to which the electrode can be made small depends on how to suppress the increase in contact resistance. However, in the conventional blood pressure monitor with a body fat percentage meter, there is no description on how much pressure should be specifically applied to reduce contact resistance, and it is not known how much pressure can be applied. There was a drawback.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above problems, the present inventionBiological information detection means for detecting biological information that is worn on the upper limb of the human body and that changes depending on the blood pressure of the human body, blood pressure value determination means for calculating the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of the biological information detection means, and the biological information detection meansA first electrode disposed so as to contact a portion of the worn living body, andBiometric information detectionA second electrode that contacts the skin of a living body in an upper limb different from a portion on which the means is mounted; an impedance measuring unit that measures an impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the impedance measurement The body fat percentage calculating means for calculating the body fat percentage of the human body from the output of the means,Biometric information detectionMeansApplying the pressure determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining means to apply the first electrode to the living body.It has a configuration having a pressure applying means for contact.
[0009]
According to the above-described invention, when the body fat percentage is measured, the first electrode is pressed against the skin of the wrist by the pressure applying means, so that the contact resistance can be reduced, and the impedance in the optimum optimal pressurization state determined in advance. Since the body fat percentage of the human body can be measured from the above, a body fat percentage meter that can accurately measure the body fat percentage can be provided. In addition, such a body fat percentage meter adds a body fat percentage measurement function to a sphygmomanometer that detects biological information when a pressure application means is used to pressurize the wearing part of the upper limb and determines a blood pressure value. Can be realized more easily.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  A body fat percentage meter according to claim 1 of the present invention,Biological information detection means for detecting biological information that is worn on the upper limb of the human body and that changes depending on the blood pressure of the human body, blood pressure value determination means for calculating the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of the biological information detection means, and the biological information detection meansA first electrode disposed so as to contact a portion of a worn living body, andBiometric information detectionA second electrode that contacts the skin of a living body in an upper limb different from a portion on which the means is mounted; an impedance measuring unit that measures an impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode; and the impedance measurement The body fat percentage calculating means for calculating the body fat percentage of the human body from the output of the means,Biometric information detectionMeansApplying the pressure determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining means to apply the first electrode to the living body.It has a configuration having a pressure applying means for contact.
[0011]
  Then, when measuring the body fat percentage, the impedance of the human body when the contact resistance is reduced by pressing the first electrode against the skin of the wrist by pressurizing with a pressure application means at a predetermined strength is measured. Since the body fat percentage is calculated, a body fat percentage meter capable of calculating an accurate body fat percentage even when the electrode is small can be provided.In addition, since the pressure of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance is optimized using the blood pressure value of the human body, accurate impedance measurement can be performed in a state where the blood flow directly under the pressure applying means is stable.
[0012]
  A sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to claim 2 of the present invention is a biological information detecting means for detecting biological information that is attached to an upper limb of a human body and changes according to blood pressure of the human body, and the human body from the output of the biological information detecting means. A blood pressure value determining means for calculating a blood pressure value of the first body, a first electrode arranged so as to be in contact with a portion of the living body on which the biological information detecting means is attached, and a portion on which the biological information detecting means is attached A second electrode for contacting the skin of the living body in another upper limb; impedance measuring means for measuring an impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode; and an output of the impedance measuring means for the human body A body fat percentage calculating means for calculating a fat percentage, and the biological information detecting meansApplying the pressure determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining means to apply the first electrode to the living body.It has a configuration having a pressure applying means for contact.
[0013]
  And when measuring the body fat percentage, the impedance of the human body when the contact resistance is reduced by pressing the first electrode against the skin of the wrist by applying pressure with a pressure applying means by the pressure applying means is measured. Since the body fat percentage of the human body is calculated, a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter capable of calculating an accurate body fat percentage even when the electrodes are small can be provided.In addition, since the pressure of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance is optimized using the blood pressure value of the human body, accurate impedance measurement can be performed in a state where the blood flow directly under the pressure applying means is stable.
[0014]
  A body fat percentage meter or a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to claim 3 of the present invention has pressure detection means for detecting the pressure of the pressure application means, and the pressure detection meansIs detected by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining means.The body fat percentage of the human body is determined from the impedance value measured at the time.
[0015]
Since the optimum state in which the first electrode and the wrist skin are in contact with each other can be detected from the output of the pressure detection means, it is possible to detect the impedance in a state where the contact resistance is low, and therefore accurate. A body fat percentage meter or a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter capable of measuring body fat percentage can be provided.
[0020]
  Claims of the invention4The body fat percentage meter or the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter is such that the upper limit of the pressure range of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance used to calculate the body fat percentage is greater than the average blood pressure value and the maximum blood pressure value of the human body The following configuration was adopted.
[0021]
And since the impedance when the pressure of a pressure application means is more than a test subject's average blood pressure value and below a maximum blood pressure value is measured, an exact impedance measurement can be performed in the state where the blood flow just under a pressure application means was stabilized.
[0022]
  Claims of the invention5The sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter measures the blood pressure value and the body fat percentage simultaneously or continuously, and the pressure range of the pressure application means when measuring the impedance used to calculate the body fat percentage Was determined from blood pressure values measured simultaneously or successively.
[0023]
And since the pressure value of the pressure application means which performs an impedance measurement is determined from the state which measures a body fat rate, or the blood pressure value just before that, the impedance measurement according to a test subject's condition can be performed.
[0024]
  Claims of the invention6The body fat percentage meter or the sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter has pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the pressure applying means,Pressure range in which the pressure of the pressure applying means is determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining meansIt was set as the structure controlled so that it may return in the pressure range when it comes out.
[0025]
And when the pressure value of the pressure application means falls below the pressure range that can be measured stably before the impedance measurement is completed, the pressure is increased again to increase the pressure of the pressure application means, and the impedance is measured. Even when the pressure of the applying means decreases, accurate impedance measurement can be performed.
[0026]
  Claims of the invention7In the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present invention, the biological information detecting means detects biological information when the wearing part of the upper limb is pressurized using the pressure applying means, and the blood pressure value determining means is the output of the biological information detecting means. From this, the blood pressure value of the human body is determined.
[0027]
  And since it pressurizes using the cuff used with a sphygmomanometer, the cuff can be shared by blood pressure measurement and body fat percentage measurement.
  A body fat percentage meter or a body fat percentage-equipped sphygmomanometer according to claim 8 of the present invention is arranged such that the first electrode is disposed in a portion of the biological information detecting means that contacts the living body, and the second electrode. Is arranged on the surface of a housing provided integrally with the biological information detecting means.
[0028]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0029]
Example 1
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an external view of the apparatus. The sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present embodiment detects blood vessel vibration that changes depending on the relationship between the blood pressure and the pressurized pressure by attaching it to the wrist of the left arm of the human body and applying pressure as a biological information detecting means. Sphygmomanometer with a body fat rate meter that combines a blood pressure meter that measures the blood pressure of the wrist using a cuff and a wrist type body fat rate meter that measures the impedance of the subject by measuring the impedance between the left and right upper limbs An example of
[0030]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cuff which is a biological information detection means for detecting blood vessel vibration caused by blood pulsation by pressurizing the wrist and 2 is a pressurizing pump for supplying pressure to the cuff 1. Slow pressure reducing valve for gradually reducing the pressure of the cuff 2, 4 is a quick exhaust valve that quickly opens at the end of measurement or abnormally and returns the cuff pressure to atmospheric pressure, 5 is a pressure sensor that detects the pressure in the cuff 1, 6 Is a pulse wave detecting means for extracting and outputting a pulse wave showing a minute pressure change synchronized with the activity of the heart by cutting a DC component from the output signal of the pressure sensor 5, and 7 is an output of the pressure sensor 5 and a pulse wave detecting means. 6 is a blood pressure value determining means for determining the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of 6.
[0031]
Further, 11 is a first electrode installed at a portion of the cuff 1 that contacts the skin of the subject, 12 is a second electrode that contacts a part of the upper limb on which the cuff 1 is not worn, and 13 is a first electrode. Impedance measuring means for measuring the impedance between 11 and the second electrode 12, 14 is an input means for inputting the body information of the subject necessary for calculating the body fat percentage from the measured impedance, 15 is The body fat percentage calculating means calculates the body fat percentage of the subject from the output of the impedance measuring means 13 and the body information of the subject inputted by the input means 14.
[0032]
Further, 19 is a control switch operated by a subject or the like to turn on / off the power source or select a measurement item and start measurement, 20 is a display means for displaying a measurement result, and 21 is a control means for supervising these controls. It is. The control switch 19 includes a power button 19a, a blood pressure measurement start button 19b, and a body fat measurement start button 19c. The subject can press the button with a finger or the like to turn on / off the power or select a measurement item. I am doing so.
[0033]
The input switch 14 includes a selection / determination button 14a, an increase button 14b, and a decrease button 14c. After selecting an item of height and weight with the selection / determination button 14a, a numeric value is displayed with the increase button 14b and the decrease button 14c. The physical information is input by increasing / decreasing the number to match the number of the subject and pressing the selection / decision button 14a again.
[0034]
The impedance measuring means 13 includes a current applying means 16, a voltage detecting means 17, and an impedance calculating means 18. In this embodiment, the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12 are connected to the current applying means 16, respectively. The electrode (11-a, 12-a) and the electrode (11-b, 12-b) connected to the voltage detection means 17 have two electrodes, and the impedance is measured using a total of four electrodes 4 The terminal method is used. Further, the slow speed reducing valve 3 is not controlled by the control means 21, and gradually removes the air inside the cuff 1 according to the pressure of the cuff 1 and slowly reduces the pressure.
[0035]
Next, the operation and action will be described. FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the control means 21. When the power button 19a is pressed and the power is turned on (ST1), the process waits until the blood pressure measurement start button 19b (ST2) or the body fat percentage measurement start button 19c (ST3) is pressed. When a subject who measures blood pressure in this state wears the cuff 1 on the left arm wrist and presses the blood pressure measurement start button 19b, the control means 21 permits the blood pressure measurement and the blood pressure measurement is started. The control means 21 first closes the quick exhaust valve 4 (ST16), then operates the pressurizing pump 2, and the generated pressure is supplied to the cuff 1 to add the left arm wrist of the subject wearing the cuff 1. Pressure (ST17). At this time, the control means 21 monitors the output of the pressure sensor 5 to determine whether the pressure of the cuff 1 has exceeded a predetermined pressure target value so as to be higher than the maximum blood pressure value of the human body (ST18). When the pressure target value is exceeded, the operation of the pressurization pump 2 is stopped and the pressurization is stopped (ST19), and the operation proceeds to a depressurization operation in which the pressure of the cuff 1 is gradually reduced by the slow pressure reducing valve 3.
[0036]
At this time, since the vibration of the blood vessel due to the activity of the heart is transmitted to the cuff 1 at the output of the pressure sensor 5, a minute pressure change appears, and the pulse wave detecting means 6 removes the DC component from the signal of the pressure sensor 5 and pulsates. The pulse wave is extracted by extracting only the components (ST20), and the blood pressure value determining means 7 obtains the amplitude of the pulse wave waveform for each beat of the heart from the output of the pulse wave detecting means 6, and this amplitude and the pressure at that time Using the output value of the sensor 5, the blood pressure value of the subject is calculated and determined by the oscillometric method that determines the blood pressure value of the human body using the fact that the change accompanying the cuff pressure of the swing width correlates with the blood pressure of the subject. is doing. In the oscillometric method, when the cuff pressure is equal to the average blood pressure, the maximum blood pressure and the minimum blood pressure are determined by using the maximum amplitude of the pulse wave, but the cuff pressure at the start of pulse wave collection is the maximum blood pressure. If it is not sufficiently larger, the amplitude of the pulse wave appears large from the beginning, but the maximum blood pressure cannot be detected accurately unless the amplitude is sufficiently smaller than the amplitude of the pulse wave at the mean blood pressure.
[0037]
Therefore, the pulse wave amplitude is checked for a while after the pressurization is completed, and after confirming that the magnitude is sufficiently small, the routine proceeds to a blood pressure value determination routine (ST21). If it is determined that the amplitude of the pulse wave is large, the pressure target value is reset to a large value (ST22), and then the process proceeds to the pressure operation again (ST17). When it is determined that the pulse wave amplitude is sufficiently small, pulse wave sampling is continued, and when the pressure at which the pulse wave amplitude becomes maximum when the cuff pressure is equal to the average blood pressure is detected (ST24), Calculation of the amplitude of the pulse wave that becomes the blood pressure is performed (ST25), and it is detected that the amplitude of the detected pulse wave is smaller than the calculated amplitude of the pulse wave of the lowest blood pressure (ST26). At the time, the maximum blood pressure and the minimum blood pressure are calculated and the heart rate is calculated (ST28), the result is displayed on the display device 20 (ST29), the rapid exhaust valve 4 is released (ST30), and the blood pressure measurement is terminated. The process returns to the step of waiting (ST2, ST3) until the blood pressure measurement start button 19a or the body fat percentage measurement start button 19b is pressed again.
[0038]
Further, when the subject who performs the body fat percentage measurement puts the cuff 1 on the left arm wrist and presses the body fat percentage measurement start button 19c, the control means 21 permits the body fat percentage measurement (ST3). Rate measurement is started. First, in order to have the subject's own height (ST4), weight (ST5), age (ST6), and sex (ST7) input, data input from the input means 14 is accepted. After selecting each item with the selection / decision button 14a, increase / decrease the number with the increase button 14b and decrease button 14c to match the number of the subject, and press the selection / decision button 14a again to input own body information To do.
[0039]
At this time, the input information is displayed on the display means 20, and the subject performs input while confirming the numerical value. When the subject's physical information is input, the impedance measurement means 13 next measures the impedance between the upper limbs of the subject. When the measurement is started, first, the quick exhaust valve is closed (ST8), the pressurizing pump 2 is operated, the generated pressure is supplied to the cuff 1, and the left wrist part of the subject wearing the cuff 1 is pressurized (ST9). The first electrode 11 disposed on the wrist side of the cuff 1 is pressed against the skin of the wrist and comes into strong contact. At this time, the control means 21 monitors the output of the pressure sensor 5, and when the pressure of the cuff 1 exceeds a predetermined pressure target value (ST10), the operation of the pressure pump 2 is stopped to increase the pressure. Stop (ST11), and shift to a pressure reducing operation in which the pressure of the cuff 1 is gradually reduced by the slow pressure reducing valve 3.
[0040]
Thereafter, the current application means 16 tries to pass a current between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, but the subject's palm of the right arm not wearing the cuff 1 is placed on the right arm side surface of the case 23. When contacting the exposed second electrode 12, a current flows between the left and right upper limbs of the subject, and between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode 12, the impedance between the left and right upper limbs of the subject is increased. A corresponding voltage is generated. The voltage generated in this way is detected by the voltage detecting means 17, and this voltage value is divided by the current applied by the current applying means 16 to measure the impedance between the upper limbs of the subject (ST12). In the present embodiment, the current applied by the current applying means 16 between the first electrode 11 and the second electrode is adjusted so as to be a constant current even when the impedance changes. The value is stored and impedance is calculated. When the impedance between the left and right upper limbs of the subject is measured by the impedance measuring means 13, the body fat percentage calculating means 15 uses the impedance value and the physical information of the subject inputted by the input means 14 in advance. The body fat percentage of the subject is determined by the determined conversion formula (ST13).
[0041]
The conversion formula used here measures the body fat percentage of a large number of human bodies by a direct method such as the density method, and obtains a regression equation with body information such as impedance, height, weight, age, and sex measured between this and both upper limbs. This is what I have been looking for. When the body fat percentage increases, the fat content in the tissue naturally increases, but the resistance to fat is much higher than that of tissues and body fluids other than fat. Impedance also increases. This relationship is stable under certain conditions of height, weight, gender, and age, so every subject can examine the relationship between body fat percentage and impedance using people of various heights, weights, genders, and ages. An effective regression equation can be obtained for. The body fat percentage of the subject calculated based on such a regression equation is displayed on the display means 20 (ST14) and notified to the subject, the quick exhaust valve is released and the pressure of the cuff 1 is returned to the atmospheric pressure ( ST15) Return to the step (ST2, ST3) of waiting until the measurement is finished and the blood pressure measurement start button 19a or the body fat percentage measurement start button 19b is pressed again.
[0042]
In the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present embodiment, as described above, the cuff 1 is pressurized during body fat measurement, and the first electrode 11 placed on the wrist side of the cuff 1 is pressed against the skin surface of the wrist. This makes it possible to make contact and reduce contact resistance. When the contact resistance is large, the voltage applied between the electrodes of the current application circuit 16 also increases according to the contact resistance, and when the voltage becomes higher than the power supply of the current application circuit 16, the sine wave cannot be applied correctly and is distorted. In addition to performing an erroneous impedance detection based on the applied current, the voltage detection circuit 17 needs to make the input impedance sufficiently larger than the contact resistance in order to avoid the influence of the contact resistance. In developing a body fat percentage meter, it is necessary to determine design specifications.
[0043]
FIG. 4 shows the results of contact resistance measured at various cuff pressures for a subject. The cuff pressure is 0 mmHg, that is, when cuff pressure is not applied, than when cuff pressure is applied. It can be seen that the contact resistance is large and varies greatly with each measurement. The contact resistance varies greatly between 10 and 20 mmHg of cuff pressure because the effect of cuff pressurization appears prominently during this period. Here, light contact without cuff pressurization is caused by cuff pressurization. It is considered that the cuff pressure indicates that the contact state changes to a stable contact. As the pressure is further applied, the contact resistance gradually decreases, and when the pressure exceeds 50 mmHg, there is almost no change. The contact resistance is low and stable at 50 to 150 mmHg, which is optimal for impedance measurement. If it exceeds 150 mmHg, the pressure applied to the wrist will increase, and this will be a burden on the subject, so it is not good to increase the pressure too much. Furthermore, since the contact resistance is increased when the pressure is 150 mmHg or more, it is expected that an optimum range exists for cuff pressurization.
[0044]
It is considered that the reason why the contact resistance increases when the pressure is higher than a certain cuff pressure is influenced by the change in the water state caused by the change in blood flow directly under the cuff due to the cuff pressurization. Until now, impedance components other than the impedance used for body fat percentage measurement have been simply described as contact resistance. In fact, as shown in FIG. 5, in the measurement of bioimpedance by the 4-terminal method, current application electrodes (11-a, 12-a) and the voltage detection electrodes (11-b, 12-b) are separated, and the voltage detection electrodes (11-b, 12-a) are arranged between the two current application electrodes (11-a, 12-a) as shown in the figure. 12-b), but the tissue resistance R between both electrodes_bL, R_bRAnd actual contact resistance R_IL, R_IRAnd the sum.
[0045]
FIG. 6 shows a wrist cross-sectional view under cuff pressure. In the cross section, tissues such as skin 25, muscle 26, fat 27, and bone 28, and circulatory ducts such as blood vessels 29 and lymphatic vessels (not shown) are formed. It is divided into a non-flowing type that is connected to the tissue of the blood and not easily separated, and a non-flowing type that flows through blood vessels such as arteries, veins, capillaries, and lymphatic vessels. Fluid water supplied from outside through blood vessels and lymph glands is used for the transfer of oxygen, nutrients, waste, etc., but these pressures are higher than the pressure on the water when the cuff pressure increases. Will be pushed out from directly under the cuff. It has been found that the resistivity of the tissue greatly depends on the amount of moisture in the tissue, and the resistivity increases when the amount of moisture that becomes a conductor is small.
[0046]
Therefore, when water is pushed out from the tissue or skin surface by cuff pressurization, the resistance just below the cuff increases, and the resistance in the tissue increases as more water is pushed out. Considering the relationship between cuff pressure and blood pressure, when the cuff pressure exceeds 20-50 mmHg, venous blood and lymph fluid with the pressure in the vicinity is pushed out from directly under the cuff, and when the cuff pressure rises above the minimum blood pressure temporarily As a result, the arterial blood vessel is closed and the flow of arterial blood is also inhibited. When the blood pressure exceeds the maximum blood pressure, the blood flow directly under the cuff disappears, and all the fluid that can flow is pushed out. As described above, the amount of water immediately below the cuff gradually decreases according to the pressure of the cuff, so that the tissue resistance just below the cuff also increases.
[0047]
On the other hand, as the cuff pressure increases, the electrode becomes closer to the skin, so the contact resistance decreases, but when the cuff pressure increases to some extent, the decrease in contact resistance is hardly seen. The increase in tissue resistance due to a decrease in tissue moisture is greater than the reduction in contact resistance due to close contact, and in such cases, when the cuff pressure increases, the resistance components other than the bioimpedance used for body fat percentage measurement also increase. Become. This is shown in FIG.
[0048]
In this example, a person with a maximum blood pressure of 140 mmHg, an average blood pressure of 100 mmHg, and a minimum blood pressure of 80 mmHg, the tissue resistance B increases and the contact resistance C decreases as the cuff pressure increases. The sum A of both of them decreases sharply when the cuff pressure is 0 to 20 mmHg, gradually decreases when it is 20 to 50 mmHg, stabilizes at 50 to 100 mmHg, and gradually increases again when the cuff pressure is 120 mmHg or more. The cuff pressure that turns from stable to elevated is between the average blood pressure and the maximum blood pressure, but it is the same for other subjects, and the results confirmed by many subjects were mostly 100 mmHg or more.
[0049]
Accordingly, it is sufficient that the range does not vary greatly is 20 mmHg or more, and 50 mmHg to 100 mmHg is required as a range where a more stable result can be obtained. In the present embodiment, the body fat percentage is calculated using the bioimpedance obtained with a cuff pressure of 50 mmHg to 100 mmHg, which is obtained as a stable result by the majority of people. It is also possible to further widen the range of this optimum cuff pressure by measuring the blood pressure of the individual and changing the range controlled by the blood pressure of the subject. However, if the pressure is too high, it will be a burden on the subject, so pressurization of 180 mmHg or more should be avoided. In the control means 21, taking into account the above-mentioned reaction of the living body, the bioimpedance is measured with 100 mmHg as a pressurization target.
[0050]
In the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter of the present embodiment, considering the reaction of the living body as described above, the first electrode is pressed against the skin with a pressure determined in advance using the pressure applying means, and the contact resistance is reduced. The contact resistance can be more effectively reduced, and the body fat percentage can be measured more accurately with less influence of the contact resistance.
[0051]
In the case of a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter, it is also possible to easily change the pressure target pressure using the blood pressure of the subject measured by the sphygmomanometer. In this case, low contact even if the subject changes Resistance can be realized stably.
[0052]
In this embodiment, the sphygmomanometer is provided with a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter to which a body fat percentage measuring function is added. However, the first electrode is pressed against the skin of the wearing part by the pressure applying means. If available, it can also be applied to a single body fat percentage meter. Of course, in the case of an oscillometric home electronic sphygmomanometer having a pressure applying means, a cuff which is a pressure applying means has already been prepared for blood pressure measurement, so it goes without saying that the effect of the present invention can be easily realized. . Further, if the blood pressure measurement and the body fat percentage measurement are continuously performed, it is possible to determine the pressurization target value using the previously measured blood pressure value. Furthermore, if you measure blood pressure and body fat percentage at the same time, measure the impedance at various cuff pressures at the time of blood pressure measurement and measure the impedance value at the time of cuff pressure from the blood pressure measurement results. Therefore, it is possible to select a more appropriate impedance and to perform more accurate body fat percentage measurement.
[0053]
In the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present embodiment, the pressure detection means detects the cuff pressure to determine whether the pressure target pressure is reached, and realizes the optimum pressure. The pressurization amount may be controlled by the operating time of the pressurizing means without using the means. In this case, the contact pressure of the electrode on the skin varies depending on the thickness of the subject's arm and the wearing state of the cuff. However, as described above, if the pressure range is as wide as 20 to 180 mmHg, a considerable number of people can pressurize the pressure range. It is feasible.
[0054]
In addition, since the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present embodiment has a slow pressure reducing valve, the pressure in the cuff may be excessively lowered during the measurement because the pressure is slowly reduced even during the body fat percentage measurement. In order to avoid this, it is effective to pressurize the cuff again by the pressurizing means when the cuff pressure becomes a certain value or less, and return the cuff pressure to an appropriate range. Further, a valve may be arranged in front of the slow speed reducing valve so that the slow speed reducing operation is not performed when the body fat percentage is measured. Further, the slow pressure reducing valve can be controlled by the control means 21, and the pressure reducing speed can be switched between the blood pressure measurement and the body fat percentage measurement.
[0055]
Further, in this embodiment, the pressurizing means pressurizes the human body under the control of the control means, but it is configured to be pressurized at the time of wearing, or when the measurement start button is pressed after manually pressurizing Similar effects can be achieved with a simple configuration as described above.
[0056]
In this embodiment, blood pressure is measured using an oscillometric method that uses a change in cuff pressure to measure blood pressure. However, a biological information such as Korotkoff sound is detected using a microphone, and a blood pressure value is determined from the change. The Korotkoff sound method may be used. Furthermore, any sphygmomanometer may be used as long as it is a method that can obtain a subject's sphygmomanometer, such as a sphygmomanometer by the PWV method in which a time difference between an electrocardiogram signal and an appearance time of a pulse wave is obtained without using a cuff and converted into a blood pressure value. Of course, since the cuff is used in the body fat percentage meter, it is needless to say that the one using the cuff is optimal.
[0057]
Further, in the above-described embodiment, the four-terminal method in which the current electrode and the voltage electrode are separately provided in each of the first electrode and the second electrode is used for the impedance measurement. This is an effective impedance measurement method for the present invention because the influence can be eliminated and the second electrode often cannot take up a sufficient area. However, if the problem of contact resistance is solved by measures such as increasing the contact area, the two-terminal method may be used.
[0058]
As described above, the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present invention can realize blood pressure measurement and accurate other fat percentage measurement. Can be useful.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the body fat percentage meter according to claim 1 of the present invention presses the first electrode against the skin of the wrist by applying pressure at a predetermined strength by the pressure application means when measuring the body fat percentage. Since the body fat percentage of the human body is calculated by measuring the impedance of the human body when the contact resistance is reduced, an accurate body fat percentage can be calculated.In addition, since the pressure of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance is optimized using the blood pressure value of the human body, accurate impedance measurement can be performed in a state where the blood flow directly under the pressure applying means is stable.
[0060]
  In the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to claim 2 of the present invention, the first electrode is applied to the skin of the wrist by pressurizing the body fat percentage with a predetermined strength by the pressure applying means even when measuring the body fat percentage. Since the body fat percentage of the human body is calculated by measuring the impedance of the human body when the contact resistance is reduced by pressing, the accurate body fat percentage can be calculated. In addition, since the pressure of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance is optimized using the blood pressure value of the human body, accurate impedance measurement can be performed in a state where the blood flow directly under the pressure applying means is stable.
  Further, the body fat percentage meter or the sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter according to claim 3 can detect the optimum state in which the first electrode and the skin of the wrist are in contact from the output of the pressure detecting means. It is possible to detect the bioelectrical impedance in a state of low resistance, and therefore it is possible to provide a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter that can accurately measure the body fat percentage.
[0063]
  Claims4Since the body fat percentage meter or the sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter measures the impedance when the pressure of the pressure applying means is not less than the average blood pressure of the subject and not more than the maximum blood pressure value, the blood flow directly under the pressure applying means is Accurate impedance can be measured in a stable state.
[0064]
  Claims5Since the sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to the present invention determines the pressure value of the pressure applying means for performing impedance measurement from the state in which the body fat percentage is measured or the blood pressure value immediately before the body fat percentage, the impedance measurement according to the condition of the subject can be performed .
[0065]
  Claims6The body fat meter or the sphygmomanometer with body fat meter according to the present invention applies pressure again when the pressure value of the pressure applying means falls below the measurable pressure range before the impedance measurement is completed. Since the impedance is measured by increasing the pressure, accurate impedance measurement can be performed even when the pressure of the pressure applying means is reduced.
[0066]
  Claims7Since the body fat percentage meter or the sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter according to the present invention pressurizes using the cuff used in the sphygmomanometer, the cuff can be shared by blood pressure measurement and body fat percentage measurement.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an external perspective view of the blood pressure monitor.
Fig. 3 Flow chart of the blood pressure monitor
FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing the relationship between cuff pressure and contact resistance of the sphygmomanometer
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a 4-terminal method of the sphygmomanometer
FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a wrist part of a human body.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the tissue resistance and contact resistance of the sphygmomanometer and the cuff pressure.
FIG. 8 is an external view of a conventional sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter
[Explanation of symbols]
1 cuff (biological information detection means, wearing means)
5 Pressure sensor (pressure detection means)
7 Blood pressure value determining means
11 First electrode
12 Second electrode
13 Impedance measurement means
15 Body fat percentage calculation means

Claims

Biological information detection means for detecting biological information that is worn on the upper limb of the human body and that changes depending on the blood pressure of the human body, blood pressure value determination means for calculating the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of the biological information detection means, and the biological information detection means A first electrode disposed so as to be in contact with a worn biological part, a second electrode for contacting a biological skin in an upper limb different from the part to which the biological information detecting means is worn, and the first The living body information detection comprising: impedance measuring means for measuring impedance between one electrode and the second electrode; and body fat percentage calculating means for calculating the body fat percentage of the human body from the output of the impedance measuring means. means, body fat, characterized in that with a pressure applying means for contacting said first electrode to a living body by applying pressure to the blood pressure determining means is determined by the body of the blood pressure values calculated Total.

Biological information detection means for detecting biological information that is worn on the upper limb of the human body and that changes depending on the blood pressure of the human body, blood pressure value determination means for calculating the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of the biological information detection means, and the biological information detection means A first electrode disposed so as to be in contact with a worn biological part, a second electrode for contacting a biological skin in an upper limb different from the part to which the biological information detecting means is worn, and the first The living body information detecting means comprising: impedance measuring means for measuring impedance between one electrode and the second electrode; and body fat percentage calculating means for calculating a body fat percentage of the human body from an output of the impedance measuring means. body fat meter, characterized in that with a pressure applying means for contacting said first electrode to a living body by applying pressure to the blood pressure determining means is determined by the body of the blood pressure values calculated Can blood pressure meter.

Pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure of the pressure applying means, and the detection result of the pressure detecting means is based on the impedance value measured at the time of the pressure determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determining means. The body fat rate meter or the body fat rate meter-equipped sphygmomanometer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the body fat rate of a human body is determined.

The upper limit of the pressure range of the pressure applying means when measuring the impedance used for calculating the body fat percentage is not less than the average blood pressure value and not more than the maximum blood pressure value of the human body . The body fat percentage meter according to item 1 or a sphygmomanometer with a body fat percentage meter.

The blood pressure value and the body fat percentage are measured simultaneously or continuously, and the pressure range of the pressure application means when measuring the impedance used to calculate the body fat percentage is determined from the blood pressure value measured simultaneously or continuously. The sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the sphygmomanometer is determined.

Pressure control means for controlling the pressure of the pressure application means, and when the pressure of the pressure application means falls outside the pressure range determined by the blood pressure value of the human body calculated by the blood pressure value determination means, returns to the pressure range body fat percentage gauge or body fat meter with a blood pressure monitor according to claim 1, characterized in that the controlled.

The biological information detecting means detects biological information when the upper limb wearing part is pressurized using the pressure applying means, and the blood pressure value determining means determines the blood pressure value of the human body from the output of the biological information detecting means. The sphygmomanometer with body fat percentage meter according to any one of claims 2 to 6 .

The first electrode is disposed on a portion of the biological information detection means that contacts the living body, and the second electrode is disposed on a surface of a housing provided integrally with the biological information detection means. body fat percentage gauge or body fat meter with a blood pressure monitor according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized.