JP4430701B2 - Automotive door structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an automobile door structure suitable for a vehicle such as a passenger car, and more particularly to an automobile door structure that can be switched between a swing type and a slide type.

As shown in FIG. 8, conventionally, a swing-type door that rotates about one end as shown in FIG. 8 is used for the front door 51 and the rear door 52 of the automobile 50. This swing type door structure is the most common and is used in many vehicles.
However, in this front / rear swing type door structure, a vehicle frame, a so-called B-pillar 53 exists between the front entrance / exit 54 and the rear entrance / exit 55, which obstructs getting on and off. It was. In particular, it was difficult for people with disabilities to get on and off or get on and off with large luggage.

In order to solve this problem, for example, as shown in Patent Document 1, it is known that the rear door has a slide-type door structure and the rear entrance / exit is a large entrance / exit.
Further, as this front swing / rear slide type door structure, a B pillarless front swing / rear slide type door structure as shown in FIG. 9 is known. This door structure is formed by a swing-type front door 56 and a slide-type rear door 57, and one entrance / exit 58 is formed as an entrance / exit.

As described above, in the door structure, since the B pillar is not provided between the front entrance and the rear entrance, the larger entrance 58 can be formed by opening the front door 56 and the rear door 57. It can be secured, and even a person with a physical disability or a person with large luggage can easily get on and off.
JP 2002-266554 A

By the way, in the case of the slide-type door structure, as described above, a large entrance / exit can be secured, and it is possible to easily get on / off a person with a physical disability or a person with large luggage. Therefore, a large amount of force was required to open the sliding door, making it difficult for children, women, and physically disabled people to open the door.
On the other hand, when the use situation of the vehicle was investigated, there were not many scenes where a large entrance / exit had to be secured, and in most cases, the size of the entrance / exit of the swing type door was sufficient.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and functions as a swing-type door in a normal use state. When a large entrance / exit has to be secured, the swing-type door is provided. An object is to provide an automobile door structure that functions as a sliding door by switching from a sliding type door to a sliding type door.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and an automobile door structure according to the present invention includes a door hinged to a B pillar, and the B pillar is attached to and detached from a vehicle body. An attachment / detachment means, an arm that is pivotally supported at one end of the B pillar, and an arm that is pivotally supported at the other end of the vehicle body, a guide groove formed on the outer side surface of the vehicle, and provided in the door, And a guided portion that guides and restricts the movement of the door.

Thus, the door is hinged to the B-pillar, and normally the door functions as a swing type door.
In a scene where a large entrance / exit has to be secured, the B pillar is removed from the body of the vehicle, and the guided portion of the door hinged to the B pillar is slid while being guided in the guide groove. Thereby, it can function as a slide type door.
Therefore, in normal use conditions, even if it is a child, a woman, or a handicapped person, the opening operation can be easily performed. On the other hand, if a large entrance / exit has to be secured, it can be used as a slide-type door. Since it can function, a larger entrance / exit can be secured and the requirement can be satisfied.

  Here, the attachment / detachment means for attaching / detaching the B-pillar to / from the vehicle body is formed so as to be able to advance and retreat in a locking hole formed in the body, and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the B pillar, A locking projection that is locked in the locking hole, a spring that biases the locking projection outwardly of the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the B pillar, a wire having one end connected to the locking projection, A handle connected to the other end of the wire so as to be able to rotate, and by operating the handle, the locking protrusion is moved by the wire against the repulsive force of the spring. It is desirable to retract into the B-pillar and remove the B-pillar from the vehicle body.

  In this way, by operating the handle, the locking protrusion is retracted into the B pillar by the wire against the repulsive force of the spring, and the locking hole and the locking protrusion are unlocked. In addition, since the B pillar is configured to be removed from the vehicle body, the B pillar can be prevented from being inadvertently detached from the vehicle body.

In addition, the guided portion includes a roller member formed to be able to move forward and backward in the door, a spring that makes the roller portion retract, a wire having one end connected to the member to which the roller member is attached, and the wire The other end of the roller is connected to the B pillar so as to be rotatable. By operating the handle, a roller member is projected by a wire against the spring force, and the roller It is desirable to accommodate the member in the guide groove.
Thus, since the roller member is accommodated and guided in the guide groove, it can be slid while regulating the door.
The door is preferably a rear door.

  According to the present invention, it functions as a swing type door in a normal use state, and when it is necessary to secure a large entrance, it is switched from the swing type door to the slide type door, A functioning automobile door structure can be obtained.

  One embodiment of an automobile door structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 7. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an automobile door structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a swing state of the rear door shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views for explaining the sliding operation of the rear door, and FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a state in which the rear door is guided by the roller member and the guide groove.

First, based on FIG. 1, the outline of the door structure for motor vehicles concerning this invention is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the front door 2 of the vehicle 1 is a swing type door, and one end of the front door 1 is hinged (not shown) to the body 1a of the vehicle 1 so as to rotate. It is attached movably. Further, the rear door 3 is hinged (not shown) coupled to the B pillar 4 of the vehicle 1 and is rotatably attached.
Therefore, in the state shown in FIG. 1A, both the front door 2 and the rear door 3 function as swing type doors. That is, since the front door 2 and the rear door 3 can be opened with a small operating force that is characteristic of a swing type door, it is easy for children, women, and elderly people to operate.

On the other hand, in the state shown in FIG. 1A, even if the front door 2 and the rear door 3 are opened, a large entrance / exit cannot be obtained. Therefore, when an elderly person or a large load is carried in, the rear door 3 can be switched from the swing type to the slide type. At the time of this switching, the B pillar 4 is removed.
The B pillar 4 is in the state shown in FIG. 1 (a), and its upper and lower ends are locked and fixed to the body 1a of the vehicle 1, and the switching is performed as shown in FIG. 1 (b). This is done by removing the B pillar 4 from the body 2a of the vehicle 1.

The upper and lower ends of the B pillar 4 are pivotally supported at one end of the arms 5a and 5b, and the other ends of the arms 5a and 5b are pivotally supported by the body 1a. Has been.
Therefore, when the B pillar 4 is removed from the body 1a of the vehicle 1, as shown in FIGS. 1B and 1C, the B pillar 4 and the rear door 3 are held by the arms 5a and 5b while the arm 5a. , Pivot about the other end of the arm 5b and slide backward.
And as shown in FIG.1 (d), the big entrance / exit S without the B pillar 4 can be formed by finally opening the front door 2 and the rear door 3. FIG.

  As described above, the present invention is characterized in that it normally functions as a swing-type door, and the swing-type door can be switched to a slide-type door as necessary to ensure a large entrance.

Furthermore, based on FIG. 2 thru | or FIG. 6, the structure of the door structure for motor vehicles concerning this invention is explained in full detail. The front door is a swing-type door and is not different from a conventional swing-type door, and thus detailed description thereof is omitted.
As shown in FIG. 2, one end of the rear door 3 is connected to the B pillar 4 via a hinge 6 and is attached to the B pillar 4 so as to be rotatable.

Further, on the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the B-pillar 4, as shown in FIGS. The locking projections 7a and 7b are urged by the spring 8 in a direction protruding from the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the B pillar 4 and protrude from the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the B pillar 4 to lock the body 1a of the vehicle 1. Locked in a hole (not shown).
When the locking projections 7a and 7b are locked in locking holes (not shown) of the body 1a of the vehicle 1, the B pillar 4 is fixed to the body 1a of the vehicle 1, and the rear door 3 is Functions as a swing type door.

Further, one end of each of the locking projections 7a and 7b is connected to the handle 10 and the wires 9a and 9b are connected. Then, by turning the handle 10 to the outside of the vehicle (in the direction of the arrow in FIGS. 3 and 5), the locking projections 7 a and 7 b resist the repulsive force of the spring 8 and enter the B pillar 4. It is configured to retreat.
By the retraction of the locking projections 7a and 7b, the locking hole (not shown) and the locking projections 7a and 7b are unlocked, and the B pillar 4 is removed from the body 1a of the vehicle 1.

Furthermore, the arms 5a and 5b are attached to the upper and lower ends of the B pillar 4 as described above. One end of each of the arms 5 a and 5 b is pivotally supported on the body 1 a of the vehicle 1, and the other end is pivotally supported on the B pillar 4.
That is, the B pillar 4 removed from the body 1a of the vehicle 1 is configured so that the upper and lower ends thereof are held by the arms 5a and 5b and rotated around the shaft 1b on the body 1a side.

Furthermore, a guided member 20 for restricting the movement of the rear door 3 during sliding is provided on the inner side surface of the rear door 3.
As shown in FIG. 4, the guided member 20 is guided by a housing 23 and a guide groove 30 formed on the rear outer surface of the vehicle 1, and is disposed outside the housing 23. An attachment plate 24 to which the roller member 21 is attached, and an end plate 25 provided at an end of the attachment plate 24 and disposed inside the housing 23 are provided.

Further, a spring 22 is disposed in contact with the end plate 25 and the inner surface of the housing 23, and the roller member 21 is constantly urged toward the inside of the housing 23 by a spring force.
Further, one end of the end plate 25 of the roller member 21 is connected to the wire 12 connected to the handle 10. The wire 12 is connected to the handle 10 via rollers 26a and 26b.
Then, by rotating the handle 10 to the outside of the vehicle, the end plate 25 is moved against the repulsive force of the spring 22, and the roller member 21 is advanced (protruded) outward from the rear door 3 (housing 23). It is configured as follows.

  A guide groove 30 is formed on the outer side surface of the vehicle 1 so as to accommodate the roller member 21 and guide the roller member 21. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, cover plates 31 and 31 are provided on the upper surface of the guide groove 30, the roller member 21 is accommodated in the guide groove 30, and the mounting plate 24 is a gap between the cover plates 31 and 31. Configured to move.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the front end 30a of the guide groove 30 is open, and the roller member 21 can be accommodated from the front end 30a. The sliding operation of the rear door 3 accommodates the roller member 21 from the front end 30 a of the guide groove 30 and operates while the roller member 21 is guided by the id groove 30.

Next, the switching operation of the rear door 3 from the swing type to the slide type will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 5, in the rear door 3 in the swing state, the handle 10 formed on the B pillar 4 is turned to the outside of the vehicle, so that the locking projections 7a and 7b are moved to B through the wires 9a and 9b. Retract into the pillar 4 to release the locking state between the locking projections 7a, 7b and the locking hole of the body 1a of the vehicle 1. As a result, the B pillar 4 is removed from the body 1 a of the vehicle 1.
Further, as the handle 10 is rotated, the roller member 21 advances (projects) outward from the rear door 3 (housing 23).

Then, the B pillar 4 and the rear door 3 are rotated while being held by the arm 5, and when the roller 5 is rotated by a predetermined angle, the roller member 21 is accommodated in the guide groove 30.
Thereafter, the upper and lower ends of the rear door 3 are held by the arms 5a and 5b, and the rear door 3 of the rear door 3 slides rearward of the vehicle while the roller member 21 is guided by the guide groove 30. The entrance / exit S is formed.

On the other hand, when switching from the slide type to the swing type, an operation opposite to the above operation is performed. That is, the rear door 3 located behind the vehicle 1 is moved forward, the roller member 21 is removed from the guide groove 30 at a predetermined position, and the handle 10 is returned to the original position.
As a result, the roller member 21 is accommodated in the rear door 3, and the locking projections 7a and 7b are projected from the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the B pillar 4 by the spring force.

  Then, the B pillar 4 and the rear door 3 are rotated while being held by the arm 5, and the locking protrusions 7 a and 7 b of the B pillar 4 are locked in the locking holes of the body 1 a of the vehicle 1. It fixes to the body 1a. After the B pillar 4 is fixed, the rear door 3 functions as a swing type door.

As described above, since the rear door normally functions as a swing-type door, it can be opened and closed with a small force, and can be easily operated by children, women, and elderly people.
In addition, by switching to a sliding door that slides the B-pillar along with the rear door, it functions as a sliding door, so a large entrance / exit can be formed, large luggage can be easily stored, and people with physical disabilities Can easily get on and off.

Schematic which shows one Embodiment of the door structure for motor vehicles concerning this invention. The perspective view which showed the swing state of the rear door shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows the structure of a rear door. The perspective view which shows the structure of a rear door. The perspective view for demonstrating sliding operation | movement of a rear door. The perspective view for demonstrating sliding operation | movement of a rear door. FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a state in which the rear door is guided by the roller member and the guide groove. The side view which shows the conventional door structure. The side view which shows the conventional door structure.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vehicle 1a Body 2 Front door 3 Rear door 4 B pillar 5a Arm 5b Arm 6 Hinge 7a Locking protrusion 7b Locking protrusion 8 Spring 9a Wire 9b Wire 10 Handle 12 Wire 20 Guided member 21 Roller member 22 Spring 23 Housing 24 Mounting Plate 25 End plate 30 Guide groove 31 Cover plate S Entrance / exit

Claims (4)

  A door hinged to the B-pillar, attachment / detachment means for attaching / detaching the B-pillar to / from the vehicle body, and an arm having one end pivotally supported by the B-pillar and the other end pivotally supported by the vehicle body And a guide groove formed on the vehicle outer side surface, and a guided portion provided in the door and guided by the guide groove to restrict movement of the door. . The attachment / detachment means for attaching / detaching the B-pillar to / from the vehicle body is formed so as to be able to advance and retreat in a locking hole formed in the body and an upper end surface and a lower end surface of the B pillar. A locking projection that is locked to the locking projection, a spring that biases the locking projection outwardly of the upper and lower end surfaces of the B pillar, a wire having one end connected to the locking projection, An end connected to the B-pillar and a handle rotatably provided;
2. The handle according to claim 1, wherein the locking protrusion is retracted into the B pillar by a wire against the repulsive force of the spring by operating the handle, and the B pillar is removed from the vehicle body. Car door structure. The guided portion includes a roller member formed on the door so as to be movable back and forth, a spring that moves the roller portion in a retracted state, a wire having one end connected to the member to which the roller member is attached, and other wires. An end connected to the B-pillar and a handle rotatably provided;
2. The automobile door structure according to claim 1, wherein by operating the handle, the roller member is advanced by a wire against the spring force, and the roller member is accommodated in a guide groove.   The automobile door structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the door is a rear door.

Images