JP4431950B2 - Bast separation device and bast separation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a bast separation device and a bast separation method for separating a bast and a core material of a bast plant.

Conventionally, there has been a crushing apparatus that includes a pair of rotating rollers facing each other, inserts a tree between the rollers, and crushes the tree with a cutter that the roller has (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In this crusher, there is no problem when using trees in a crushed state, but when crushing bast plants such as kenaf or jute, and using only bast, bast and internal The core material was not completely separated, and a step of separating the bast and the core material after the crushing step was separately required.
JP-A-7-164410 (FIG. 3)

  This invention is completed based on the above situations, Comprising: It aims at providing the bast separation apparatus and bast separation method which can isolate | separate the bast and the core material of a bast plant.

As means for achieving the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 is a method of crushing a bast plant so that the bast and the core can be separated from each other, and crushing on a conveyor by the crusher. The bast separation device provided with a separator for separating the bast and the core material of the bast plant by placing the bast plant and carrying it while applying vibration , wherein the conveyor The crusher has an inclined surface that is inclined upward as it is away from the end located on the crusher side, and the crusher crushes the bast plant and then flies the bast plant toward the inclined surface of the conveyor. A bast separation device characterized by having a supply mechanism.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the separator is fixed above the conveyor, and has a fixing member having a flexible body on the surface thereof. The bast separation device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bast is separated by passing under the fixing member while being bent.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a discharge roller that is rotated by a driving source is fixed to an end portion of the conveyor so as to face the conveyor, and the discharge roller is configured to cover the bast that has been carried on the conveyor. The bast separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bast is pulled away from the conveyor and discharged out of the separator by pressing while rotating.

The invention of claim 4 is characterized in that the conveyor has a pair of rotatable rollers arranged at both ends thereof, and a belt body stretched between the pair of rollers, and at least of the pair of rollers. When the driving force is transmitted to either of the belt bodies, the belt body reciprocates, and on the track of the belt body, the belt body descends after riding on the operation, thereby vibrating the belt body. The bast separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a ride-on portion that generates sag.

In the invention of claim 5, the bast plant is crushed with a crusher equipped with a supply mechanism for supplying the crushed bast plant to a conveyor, and is inclined upward as the distance from the end located on the crusher side increases. The bast plant crushed by the supply mechanism toward the inclined surface of the conveyor having an inclined surface is placed on the conveyor, and the toughness is applied to the conveyor while a vibration is applied to the conveyor by a separator equipped with the conveyor. A bast separation method is characterized by separating the bast and the core material of the bast plant by conveying the peel plant.

<Invention of Claim 1>
By placing a bast plant crushed by a crusher on a conveyor and carrying it with vibration, it is equipped with a separator that separates the bast of the bast plant from the core material. A bast separation device for separating the bast of the skin plant from the core material can be provided.

<Invention of Claim 1 >
After crushing the bast plant, the feeding mechanism flies the bast plant toward the inclined surface of the conveyor, so that the bast and the core material are further separated by the impact when the bast plant collides with the inclined surface. be able to.

<Invention of Claim 2 >
By passing the lower part of the fixing member while the bast plant bends the flexible body, the bast can be further separated by an impact coming into contact with the flexible body.

<Invention of Claim 3 >
The discharge roller presses the bast while rotating it, pulls it away from the conveyor and discharges it to the outside of the separator. It can be prevented from moving back.

<Invention of Claim 4 >
On the track of the belt body of the conveyor, a bast plant that is transported on the conveyor by providing a ride-on portion that generates vibration on the belt body by lowering after the belt body has been ridden by the operation. The bast and the core material can be further separated from each other.

<Invention of Claim 5 >
It is possible to separate the bast and core material of bast plants by a simple method by placing bast plants that are crushed on the conveyor and separating them into bast and core materials, and transporting them while applying vibration. it can.

<First Embodiment>
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the lower left in FIGS. 1, 4 and 7 is the front, the upper right is the rear, the left in FIGS. 2 and 6 is the front, and the right is the rear. The bast separator 1 separates the outer bast of the bast plant stem from the bast plant stem and the core material that is the internal wood part in order to take fibers from the stem of the bast plant. 10 and a separator 20 installed adjacent thereto. In the crusher 10, a roller mechanism 12 is fixed on a rectangular parallelepiped stand 11 formed by combining a plurality of linear steel materials. The roller mechanism 12 includes a pair of bearings 121 fixed on the upper side of the stand 11 and a pair of towers 122 that are also erected on the stand 11 and face each other.

  A driving roller 123 is rotatably supported on the bearing 121, and a driven roller 124 is rotatably spanned between the towers 122 so as to be positioned above the driving roller 123. The outer diameters of the driving roller 123 and the driven roller 124 are formed to have the same diameter. A motor pulley 125 is connected to the driving roller 123 so as to be integrally rotatable. The motor pulley 125 is connected to a driving motor (not shown) by a pulley belt 126 so that driving force is transmitted. Further, a payout pulley 128 is attached to the drive roller 123 so as to be integrally rotatable.

  The driven roller 124 is in sliding contact with the uppermost portion of the drive roller 123 at its lowest point, and the drive roller 123 is rotated counterclockwise by being rotated clockwise in FIG. 2 by the drive motor. be able to. The driven roller 124 is fixed to a crosspiece 122b attached to the pair of side pieces 122a of the tower 122 so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and between each crosspiece 122b and the upper side 122c of the tower 122, A tension spring 122d for biasing the crosspiece 122b downward is interposed.

  The follower roller 124 is urged downward together with the crossbar 122b by the urging force from the tension spring 122d and pressed against the drive roller 123, and as will be described later, the driven roller 124 is inserted between the two. Depending on the amount and size, the tension spring 122d bends and the driven roller 124 rises, and a predetermined gap is formed between the tension roller 122d and the driving roller 123. Further, a tray 127 for holding a bast plant so as to be inserted between the rollers 123 and 124 is attached to the tower 122.

  Behind the roller mechanism 12, a supply mechanism 13 for disposing the crushed bast plant toward the separator 20 is installed. The supply mechanism 13 includes a pair of lower bearings 131 fixed on the stand 11, and a pair of frames 132 constituted by two sides connected to the upper side of the stand 11 and the side piece 122 a of the tower 122. A pair of upper bearings 133 are provided downward from the upper side of the frame 132. Discharge wheels 134 and 135 are rotatably supported by the lower bearing 131 and the upper bearing 133, respectively. Eight payout pieces 134a and 135a are provided upright at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the payout wheels 134 and 135, respectively. The payout wheel 135 is located above the payout wheel 134 and has an outer diameter smaller than that of the payout wheel 134 (shown in FIG. 2).

  A transmission pulley 136 is attached to the dispensing wheel 134 so as to be integrally rotatable, and is connected to the dispensing pulley 128 of the roller mechanism 12 by a pulley belt 137. The rotational force of the driving roller 123 rotated by the driving motor is transmitted from the dispensing pulley 128 to the transmission pulley 136 by the pulley belt 137, and the dispensing wheel 134 is rotated clockwise in FIG. Since the tip of the payout piece 134a of the payout wheel 134 abuts on the payout piece 135a of the payout wheel 135, the payout wheel 134 is rotated to rotate the payout wheel 135 counterclockwise in FIG. The crusher 10 is provided with a cover body 14 so as to cover the roller mechanism 12 and the supply mechanism 13 for work safety (shown in FIG. 2).

  The separator 20 includes a rack 21 formed by combining a plurality of steel materials and connected to the stand 11, and a conveyor 22 is fixed on the rack 21. The conveyor 22 includes a pair of lower end bearings 221 fixed to a lower portion of the rack 21, a pair of upper end bearings 222 provided on the upper side of the rack 21, and a pair of intermediate bearings 223 installed in an intermediate portion in the vertical direction. I have. A first conveyor roller 224 is rotatably installed at the lower end bearing 221, a second conveyor roller 225 is rotatably installed at the intermediate bearing 223, and a third conveyor roller 226 is rotatably attached to the upper end bearing 222. ing. Further, behind the third conveyor roller 226, a fourth conveyor roller 227 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown) (the first conveyor roller 224 and the fourth conveyor roller 227 are respectively disposed at both ends of the conveyor 22. And corresponds to a pair of rollers of the present invention).

  A driving pulley 228 is attached to one end of the first conveyor roller 224 so as to be integrally rotatable, and is connected by a conveyor pulley 129 and a pulley belt 229 attached to one end of the driving roller 123 of the roller mechanism 12. In addition, a pair of belt pulleys 224a, 225a, 226a, and 227a are formed to be integrally rotatable at both ends of the first conveyor roller 224, the second conveyor roller 225, the third conveyor roller 226, and the fourth conveyor roller 227, respectively. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of conveyor belts 230, which are formed of, for example, a synthetic rubber material and face each other, are laid on these with a predetermined tension.

  With the above-described configuration, the first conveyor roller 224 rotates clockwise in FIG. 2 by the driving force transmitted from the conveyor pulley 129 to the driving pulley 228 by the pulley belt 229, and the conveyor belt 230 stretched around the belt pulley 224a. However, it functions as the conveyor 22 by reciprocating between the belt pulleys 224a and 227a while rotating the other belt pulleys 225a, 226a and 227a.

  A plurality of conveyor plates 231 formed of metal plates are fixed to the conveyor belt 230 with a predetermined interval between them (the conveyor belt 230 and the conveyor plate 231). Thus, the belt body of the present invention is configured). A gap through which the core material separated from the bast plant passes is formed between the conveyor plates 231. The conveyor plate 231 may be formed with irregularities on its surface so as to easily hold the bast plant.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the crushed bast plant discharged by the supply mechanism 13 falls below the conveyor 22 through the gap between the conveyor plates 231 just below the conveyor 22 moving backward. A receiving plate 24 is provided so as not to be damaged. The receiving plate 24 is attached to opposing steel members that constitute both side surfaces of the rack 21 and is installed at two locations between the first conveyor roller 224 and the third conveyor roller 226 of the conveyor 22 and separated. It is formed in a shape that fills the gap between the conveyor plates 231 so that the core material passes but the bast plant does not pass.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the conveyor 22 is a first conveyor in which a portion located between the first conveyor roller 224 and the third conveyor roller 226 is an end located on the crusher 10 side. The roller 224 is positioned below, and the inclined surface SL is inclined upward as the distance from the crusher 10 increases, and the third conveyor roller 226 is positioned at the highest point. Moreover, the 4th conveyor roller 227 was installed in the position lower than the 3rd conveyor roller 226, and the site | part located between the 3rd conveyor roller 226 and the 4th conveyor roller 227 of the conveyor 22 fell toward back. It is an inclined surface.

  A discharge roller 25 is rotatably disposed at a rear end portion of the conveyor 22 (corresponding to a terminal portion of the present invention) by a bearing (not shown). The discharge roller 25 is for separating the bast that has been transported on the conveyor 22 from the conveyor 22. For example, the discharge roller 25 is formed into a cylindrical shape by a synthetic resin material or a synthetic rubber material and is inserted into the center of the shaft member ( Attached to the above-described bearing. The discharge roller 25 is opposed to the conveyor 22, and the outer peripheral surface located at the lower end thereof is installed at a height that presses the bast that has been transported on the conveyor 22 and is given a driving force by an electric motor (not shown). 2 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. The discharge roller 25 is arranged so as to protrude by a predetermined amount from the rear end portion of the conveyor 22 to the rear in order to easily separate the bast from the conveyor 22.

  Further, above the inclined surface SL between the first conveyor roller 224 and the third conveyor roller 226, a free roller 27 corresponding to the fixing member of the present invention is fixed so as to face the upper surface of the conveyor 22. . The free roller 27 is rotatably supported in both directions in FIG. 2 by being supported by a bearing body 26 attached to the rack 21. The free roller 27 is formed in a cylindrical shape from, for example, a synthetic resin material or a synthetic rubber material, and is attached to the bearing body 26 by a shaft center member (not indicated) inserted through the center thereof. As shown in FIG. 3, the free roller 27 includes a large number of thin protrusion-like flexible bodies 27a integrally formed of a synthetic resin material or a synthetic rubber material on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The free roller 27 is fixed to a position where the flexible body 27a can be bent by contacting the bast plant conveyed on the conveyor 22.

  A pair of opposing wall bodies 28 that prevent the bast plants delivered from the supply mechanism 13 from scattering are fixed between the supply mechanism 13 and the conveyor 22 by the stand 11 and the rack 21. Has been. In addition, a conveyor cover 29a and a roller cover 29b are provided so as to cover the conveyor 22 for safety in work and to prevent the bast plant from being entangled with the conveyor 22 or the like (shown in FIG. 2). .

  Next, a bast separation method for bast plants using the bast separation device 1 will be described. After a worker cuts a bast plant, for example, kenaf KP cut to 120 to 250 cm, onto a tray 127 positioned in front of the bast separation device 1, the operator drives the roller 123 and the driven roller 123. Insert continuously between the rollers 124. When the kenaf KP passes between the driving roller 123 and the driven roller 124, the kenaf KP is squeezed and crushed between the two, and can be separated into the bast BP and the core material CP.

  The crushed kenaf KP is pushed by the rollers 123 and 124 and enters between the dispensing wheels 134 and 135 of the supply mechanism 13. When the kenaf KP that has entered between the payout cars 134 and 135 is engaged with the payout pieces 134a and 135a that are erected on the outer peripheral surface of the payout cars 134 and 135 and face each other, the payout cars 134 and 135 become kenaf. The KP is held and dispensed, and the kenaf KP is blown toward the inclined surface SL of the conveyor 22 by the rotational force. The kenaf KP blown toward the conveyor 22 collides with the inclined surface SL (a part below the free roller 27), and a certain amount of the core material CP is caused by the impact of the collision, so that a gap between the kenaf KP and the conveyor plate 231 is generated. And it falls through the gap with the backing plate 24.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the kenaf KP collides with the conveyor 22 at a predetermined speed and angle, and the kenaf KP gives an impact force PS to the conveyor due to the collision, the impact force PS is applied to the surface of the conveyor 22. However, the impact force actually applied to the conveyor 22 is PV (in other words, the impact force in the opposite direction with the same magnitude as this). Kenaf KP is received from the conveyor 22). As shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, in this embodiment, the conveyor 22 that receives the kenaf KP delivered by the supply mechanism 13 is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane, and therefore the conveyor 22 is installed horizontally. Compared with (shown in the lower part of FIG. 5), the impact force PV is remarkably large, and it can be seen that the effect of separating and dropping the core material CP from the kenaf KP is great.

  The kenaf KP that has fallen on the conveyor 22 moves backward across the plurality of conveyor plates 231 of the conveyor 22, but is transported while receiving the vibrations of the conveyor belt 230 and the conveyor plate 231 that are originally generated when the conveyor 22 operates. As a result, a certain amount of the core material CP is separated from the kenaf KP during transportation and falls. Further, when the kenaf KP passes below the free roller 27, the kenaf KP contacts the flexible body 27a of the free roller 27 and passes below the free roller 27 while bending the flexible body 27a. The core material CP is further separated and dropped due to the impact abutting on the core. When the kenaf KP passes below the free roller 27, the free roller 27 rotates freely, so that the resistance is not so high as to prevent the passage of the kenaf KP.

  When the bast BP separated from the core material CP by being conveyed on the conveyor 22 is conveyed to the rear end portion of the conveyor 22, the bast BP is pressed between the conveyor 22 by the rotating discharge roller 25. The When the bast BP is pressed by the discharge roller 25, the bast BP is separated from the conveyor 22 and discharged out of the separator 20. As shown in FIG. 2, the bast BP discharged out of the separator 20 is collected in the collector TR placed on the floor surface, and the separated core material CP is deposited on the floor surface. The recovered bast BP proceeds to the next step to take fibers, and the core material CP is discarded.

  According to the present embodiment, the separator 20 for separating the kenaf KP bast BP and the core material CP is provided by placing the kenaf KP crushed by the crusher 10 on the conveyor 22 and carrying it while applying vibration. As a result, it is possible to provide a bast separation device 1 that separates the kenaf KP bast BP and the core material CP from each other with a simple configuration, and the kenaf KP bast BP and the core material CP can be obtained by a simple method. Can be separated.

  In addition, after crushing the kenaf KP, the baffle BP and the core material CP are further separated by the impact when the kenaf KP collides with the inclined surface SL by flying the kenaf KP toward the inclined surface SL of the conveyor 22. Can be made. In addition, the bast BP can be further separated by passing under the free roller 27 while the kenaf KP bends the flexible body 27a. Further, the discharge roller 25 presses the bast BP while rotating it, pulls it away from the conveyor 22, and discharges it to the outside of the separator 20, so that the bast BP carried on the conveyor 22 to the terminal end is conveyed to the conveyor 22. It is possible to prevent the lower surface of the conveyor 22 from moving again while being attached to the surface.

<Second Embodiment>
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the present embodiment, the step plate 232 corresponding to the riding-up portion of the present invention is attached so as to be spanned over the opposing steel members that constitute both side surfaces of the rack 21. The step plate 232 is formed of a long metal plate that can cross the rack 21, and an inclined surface that is inclined so as to rise toward the rear of the conveyor 22 is formed on the upper surface of the step plate 232, and the rear end surface is vertical. It has been cut off. The step plate 232 is disposed so that the upper surface thereof is in contact with the lower surface of the conveyor belt 230 and is positioned on the track.

  Due to the operation of the conveyor 22, the conveyor belt 230 or the conveyor plate 231 descends after climbing on the inclined surface of the step plate 232, so that the conveyor belt 230 or the conveyor plate 231 of the conveyor 22 further generates vibration. Therefore, vibration can be positively applied to the kenaf KP conveyed on the conveyor 22, and the bast BP and the core material CP can be further separated.

<Third Embodiment>
FIG. 7 shows a third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a core material recovery device 30 that recovers the separated core material CP is provided on the floor surface located below the conveyor 22. The core material recovery device 30 includes a rectangular parallelepiped housing portion 30a in which the separated core material CP is housed, and a guide surface 30b formed integrally with the housing portion 30a. One side surface constituting the accommodating portion 30a is formed higher than the other side, and the guide surface 30b is integrally connected thereto and extends in an oblique direction.

  The core material CP separated while being conveyed on the conveyor 22 falls on the guide surface 30b through the gap between the conveyor plates 231 and the gap with the receiving plate 24, and moves downward on the guide surface 30b. And it is collect | recovered by the accommodating part 30a. According to the present embodiment, by providing the core material recovery device 30 that recovers the core material CP that has been separated and dropped from the conveyor 22, the core material CP is not scattered on the floor surface, thereby improving workability. be able to.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the above description and the drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and further depart from the gist other than the following descriptions. Various modifications can be made without departing from the scope.
(1) Any type of crusher can be used as long as it crushes the bast plant so that it can be separated into a bast and a core material.
(2) Any kind of supply mechanism can be used as long as it can fly a crushed bast plant to a separator.
(3) The bast plant that can separate the bast using the bast separation device of the present invention is not limited to kenaf, but can be used for all bast plants including jute, flax, Asa, calamushi, mulberry, and mitsumata.

It is a perspective view of the bast separation device by a 1st embodiment. It is a side view of the bast separation apparatus shown in FIG. It is an expansion perspective view of the free roller shown in FIG. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the operating method of the conveyor shown in FIG. It is a schematic diagram explaining the impact force when a bast plant is blown toward the conveyor by the supply mechanism. It is a side view of the conveyor which shows 2nd Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the conveyor which shows 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Bast separation apparatus 10 ... Crusher 13 ... Supply mechanism 20 ... Separator 22 ... Conveyor 25 ... Discharge roller 27 ... Free roller 27a ... Flexible body 224 ... 1st conveyor roller 227 ... 4th conveyor roller 230 ... Conveyor belt 231 ... Conveyor plate 232 ... Step plate KP ... Kenaf BP ... Bast CP ... Core material SL ... Inclined surface

Claims (5)

A crusher that crushes the bast plant and separates the bast and the core material;
A bast separation device comprising a separator for separating the bast and the core material of the bast plant by placing the bast plant crushed by the crusher on a conveyor and transporting the bast plant while applying vibration. Because
The conveyor has an inclined surface that is inclined upward as it is farther from the end located on the crusher side, and the crusher crushes the bast plant and then moves toward the inclined surface of the conveyor. A bast separation device having a supply mechanism for flying bast plants. The separator is fixed above the conveyor, and has a fixing member having a flexible body on the surface thereof, and the fixing member is bent while the bast plant being conveyed is deflecting the flexible body. 2. The bast separation device according to claim 1, wherein the bast is separated by passing below. A discharge roller rotated by a driving source is fixed to the end portion of the conveyor so as to face the conveyor, and the discharge roller presses the bast that has been carried on the conveyor while rotating. The bast separation device according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the bast is pulled away from the conveyor and discharged out of the separator. The conveyor has a pair of rotatable rollers arranged at both ends thereof and a belt body stretched between the pair of rollers, and a driving force is transmitted to at least one of the pair of rollers. As a result, the belt body reciprocates, and on the track of the belt body, there is provided a ride-up portion that generates vibration on the belt body by lowering after the belt body rides up due to its operation. The bast separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the bast separation device is provided. The said bast plant is crushed with the crusher provided with the supply mechanism which supplies the crushed bast plant to a conveyor, The said conveyor which has an inclined surface inclined upwards as it leaves | separates from the edge part located in this crusher side The bast plant crushed by the supply mechanism toward the inclined surface is placed on the conveyor, and the bast plant is conveyed while vibrating the conveyor by a separator equipped with the conveyor. The bast separation method characterized by separating the bast and the core material of the bast plant.

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