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JP4435940B2 - High photocatalytically active titanium oxide coated stainless steel material and method for producing the same - Google Patents
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JP4435940B2 - High photocatalytically active titanium oxide coated stainless steel material and method for producing the same - Google Patents

High photocatalytically active titanium oxide coated stainless steel material and method for producing the same Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4435940B2
JP4435940B2 JP2000185237A JP2000185237A JP4435940B2 JP 4435940 B2 JP4435940 B2 JP 4435940B2 JP 2000185237 A JP2000185237 A JP 2000185237A JP 2000185237 A JP2000185237 A JP 2000185237A JP 4435940 B2 JP4435940 B2 JP 4435940B2
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stainless steel
titanium dioxide
titanium oxide
dioxide fine
oxide film
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JP2002004068A (en
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和彦 森
充 中村
道郎 金子
昭秀 金子
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Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
Cleanup Corp
Nippon Steel Stainless Steel Corp
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Nihon Parkerizing Co Ltd
Nippon Steel and Sumikin Stainless Steel Corp
Cleanup Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料及びその製造方法に関するものである。更に詳しく述べるならば、本発明は、酸化チタンが有する光触媒作用、すなわち、抗菌性、悪臭の分解、公害物質の分解、汚水の清浄化および親水性などを利用し、かつ防眩性等の特性を活用する分野において使用される高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料及びその製造方法に関するものである。また、このようなステンレス鋼材料は耐食性、強度、加工性および靱性に優れているから、腐食環境あるいは各種の加工を受ける条件下で使用される用途に好適なものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
最近、抗菌性の高い各種製品が市場に登場している。抗菌剤は、有機系、無機系に大別されるが、光が照射されることによって抗菌性を発現する酸化チタンは、効果が半永久的に持続する点、及び酸化チタンが人体に無害であるなどの点から非常に魅力的な無機系の抗菌材料である。ただし、酸化チタンを抗菌材料として使用する場合、その形態が粒子状であるため、多くの場合、酸化チタン粒子を基板材料の表面上に塗布して利用する必要がある。塗布法として、ゾル・ゲル法、溶射法、CVD法等が知られているが、皮膜形成時に基材の構成成分が被膜中に混入し、光触媒活性を劣化させないように注意する必要がある。たとえば、基材にガラスを用いて、その上に光触媒物質である酸化チタンを被覆する場合、ガラスより皮膜中にナトリウムが拡散混入し、このナトリウムが、二酸化チタン層の光触媒活性を劣化させることが知られており、これを防止する手段が不可欠となる。
【0003】
一方、金属材料の上に酸化チタン等の光触媒物質を塗布する技術については、その適用が最近であるためか、その問題点は十分に明らかにされているとは言えない。金属材料を基材として利用すると、それはガラスと異なり、各種の塑性加工を施すことができ、また脆性的な破壊も回避できるため、その利用分野は飛躍的に拡大している。しかしながら、ステンレス鋼を基材としてゾル・ゲル法を用いて酸化チタンを被覆したところ、酸化チタンが本来発揮すべき光触媒活性を示さないことが判明した。光触媒活性の低い酸化チタン被覆ステンレスの表面分析を実施したところ、被膜中に基材のステンレスより侵入したと考えられる鉄等の元素が検出された。すなわち、ゾル液中にステンレスを浸漬し、ステンレス表面に酸化チタン層を形成させる際に、このような元素が酸化チタン層中に侵入し、これが光触媒活性の低下をもたらせているものと考えられる。そこで、特願平10−74560に開示されているように、基材であるステンレス鋼中のクロム含有量およびモリブデン含有量を増加させる等の対策を講じたところ、極めて光触媒活性に優れた酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼を製造することができた。
【0004】
このように、基材として用いられるステンレス鋼材料の鋼中に含まれる成分組成を変化させることによって、酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料の光触媒活性の劣化を防止することができる。しかしこのようにすると酸化チタン微粒子分散液をステンレス鋼に塗布し、加熱する造膜工程において、表面が黄褐色に変色し、意匠性を損なうことがある。このため、光触媒活性だけではなく、意匠性を必要とする用途への適用を阻害することがある。
また、加熱時の黄褐色への変色を防止し得る場合においても、酸化チタン層の膜厚によっては、ステンレス鋼表面が光の干渉作用によって着色する場合がある。このような黄褐色への変色あるいは干渉色は、光触媒活性の点では問題とならないが、人の目にふれる用途への適用は、黄褐色への変色と同様に、意匠性の観点から問題となる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、基材として耐食性に優れているステンレス鋼材料を用い、その表面に二酸化チタン微粒子分散液を塗布し、加熱することによって製造される二酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料において二酸化チタン塗布液の塗布後の加熱時に発生する黄褐色変色を防止するとともに、優れた光触媒活性を示し、さらに干渉作用による着色を防止し得る高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料及びその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料は、ステンレス鋼基体と、その少なくとも1表面を被覆している二酸化チタン微粒子層とを含み、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の少なくとも1表面が、少なくとも一方向に粗面化されていて、0.3μmを越え2μm以下の算術平均粗さRaを有しており、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の粗面化表面と、前記二酸化チタン微粒子層との間に、Cr,Si,Al及びFeの酸化物を含み、Cr,Si及びAlの原子濃度合計値の、Feの原子濃度値に対する比((Cr+Si+Al)/Fe)が0.4以上であり、かつ、1〜100nmの厚さを有する表面酸化皮膜が形成されており、
前記二酸化チタン微粒子層が、5〜80質量%のアモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含む二酸化チタンの水性分散液を、前記表面酸化皮膜上に塗布し、200〜500℃の加熱処理を施して、形成されたものである
ことを特徴とするものである。
本発明の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料において、前記二酸化チタン微粒子層が、0.01〜2μmの平均厚さを有することが好ましい。
本発明の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料の製造方法は、ステンレス鋼基体の少なくとも1表面に、少なくとも1方向に粗面化処理を施して、その算術平均粗さRaを0.3μmを越え2μm以下に調整し、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の粗面化処理された表面に、下記式(1)を満足する温度及び下記式(2)を満足する露点:
750≦T1≦5×T2+1250 (1)
−70≦T2≦−30 (2)
〔但し、上式(1)及び(2)において、T1は焼鈍温度(℃)を表し、T2は露点(℃)を表す。〕
を有する還元性雰囲気中において、光輝焼鈍を施して、前記ステンレス鋼基体表面に、Cr,Si,Al及びFeの酸化物を含み、Cr,Si及びAlの原子濃度の合計値の、Feの原子濃度値に対する比((Cr+Si+Al)/Fe)が0.4以上であり、かつ1〜100nmの厚さを有する表面酸化皮膜を形成し、
前記表面酸化皮膜上に、5〜80質量%アモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含有する二酸化チタンの水性分散液を塗布しこれに200〜500℃の温度において加熱処理を施して、前記表面酸化皮膜上に、アモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含む二酸化チタン微粒子層を形成する、
ことを特徴とするものである。
本発明の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料の製造方法において、前記二酸化チタン微粒子層の形成に際し、その平均厚さを、0.01〜2μmに調整することが好ましい。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、酸化チタン粒子分散液の塗布後の加熱工程で発生する黄褐色変色の原因について、詳しく検討したところ、分散液中に含まれる水分あるいは、分散液中を拡散してきた酸素によってステンレス鋼表面に比較的厚い酸化被膜が形成されることが、その主たる原因であることを見出した。すなわち、黄褐色変色を防止するためには、分散液中の水分、あるいは大気中の酸素とステンレス鋼材料の表面との反応を抑制する必要がある。このような目的のために、ステンレス鋼材料表面にバリアー層を形成し、素地のステンレス鋼材料と大気中の酸素および分散液中の水分との反応を抑制すべく検討したところ、Cr,SiおよびAlを主成分とする酸化膜をステンレス鋼表面に形成させることによって、加熱時の黄褐色への変色を大幅に低減できることを見出した。また、このような酸化皮膜を有するステンレス鋼材料は、優れた光触媒活性を示すことが明らかとなった。これは、ゾル液にステンレス鋼材料を浸漬した時に素地のステンレス鋼が微量溶出して、酸化チタン層中に侵入し、光触媒活性を劣化させる反応をこのような酸化膜が抑制しているものと考えられる。
【0008】
以下、本発明の説明を行う。本発明では、粗面化処理されたステンレス鋼材料の表面に酸化皮膜を形成されており、この酸化皮膜中におけるCr,Si,AlおよびFeの原子濃度比(Cr+Si+Al)/Feは0.4以上にコントロールされており、この酸化皮膜上に、二酸化チタン、好ましくは二酸化チタン層が形成されている。この二酸化チタン層は、二酸化チタン、好ましくはアモルファス酸化チタンを含む酸化チタン微粒子分散液をステンレス鋼材料の表面酸化皮膜上に塗布し、加熱することによって形成される。
【0009】
本発明で使用される、アモルファス酸化チタンを包含する二酸化チタン微粒子分散液は、チタンアルコキシドの加水分解や、塩化チタン、硫酸チタニルなどのチタン化合物の加水分解によって得られる。またチタンの水和酸化物に過酸化水素を加えて、生成するペルオキソチタン酸を含むものも使用できる。このようにして作られる酸化チタン微粒子分散液にはオルトチタン酸やペルオキソチタン酸などのアモルファス酸化チタンが含まれるが、これらのアモルファス酸化チタンの他に好ましくはアナターゼ形の結晶性酸化チタン微粒子を含むことがより好ましい。酸化チタン微粒子のうちの5〜80質量%がアモルファス酸化チタン粒子であることがさらに好ましい。
また酸化チタン分散液を塗布した後の加熱温度は200〜500℃である。このときの加熱温度が200℃未満では酸化チタン層の密着性が不充分になり、またそれが500℃を超えると酸化チタン微粒子がさらに微粒子化されることによりその触媒活性が低下する
本発明において、二酸化チタン微粒子層の平均厚さは0.01〜2μmであることが好ましい。
【0010】
表面酸化皮膜は、粗面化されたステンレス鋼材料表面に二酸化チタン微粒子分散液を塗布し、加熱する過程において、ステンレス鋼中の成分元素が二酸化チタン層中に侵入し、その光触媒活性を劣化させることを防止する上で極めて重要であり、特に、酸化皮膜中に、Cr,Al及びSiが濃縮していることが酸化被膜のバリア特性を向上させることになる。これは、Cr,Al及びSiはとも酸素との親和力が極めて強い元素であり、緻密な酸化皮膜を形成することが、バリアー皮膜として作用することに結びついていると考えられる。従って、表面皮膜中の(Cr+Si+Al)/Feの値が0.4未満では、表面酸化皮膜は十分なバリヤー作用を発揮することができない。
【0011】
また、上記酸化皮膜の膜厚も重要な因子であり、本発明においては、酸化皮膜の厚さは1〜100nmであり、特に1〜20nmであることが好ましい。膜厚が1nm未満の薄い場合には、得られる酸化皮膜は十分な遮蔽作用を有さないため、黄褐色への変色を防止することができない。従って酸化膜の厚みは少なくとも1nm以上は必要となる。ただし、酸化膜の厚みが、100nmを超えると、酸化膜自体の光干渉作用によって着色を生じるため、酸化皮膜の厚さは100nm以下に調整される。
【0012】
本発明の二酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料は、耐黄変性および優れた光触媒活性を示す。しかしながら、塗布された二酸化チタン層の膜厚によっては、光干渉作用によって着色を生ずる。このような光干渉作用による着色については、酸化チタン層の膜厚を薄くすることが有効に働くことは、至極当然のことである。しかし、二酸化チタン層の膜厚を薄くすることは、光触媒活性を発現する二酸化チタンの絶対量が少なくなることであるから、光触媒活性の低下を招く。従って、二酸化チタン層の膜厚を薄くすることなく、光干渉作用を防止することが望ましい。それには、あらかじめ機械研磨、及び/又はロールダル圧延などによって、ステンレス鋼材料の表面粗度をある一定値以上に整整しておき、その上に酸化皮膜を形成させ、その上に二酸化チタン微粒子含有塗布液を塗布、加熱する。このようにすれば黄褐色への変色防止と共に、干渉色の低減および高い光触媒活性を発現することができる。ステンレス鋼材料表面の粗度を増加させると、その後の二酸化チタン層により被覆されたステンレス鋼材料表面の乱反射が強調され、干渉色が低減されているものと推察される。
【0013】
即ち、まず、ステンレス鋼板に対し、その少なくとも一方向の中心線平均粗さRaが0.3μmを越え2μm以下であるように機械的研磨を施す。ステンレス鋼表面の粗度を増加させることは、二酸化チタン塗布後の表面の乱反射を増大させ干渉色を目立たなくさせる効果を有していると考えられ、かかる作用を発現させるには、少なくともステンレス鋼板の少なくとも一方向の中心線平均粗さRaが0.3μmを超える必要がある。ただし、それが2μmを超えると、酸化チタン微粒子分散液をステンレス鋼表面に塗布した際に、凹部に塗布液が流入しやすくなり、二酸化チタン層を均一に形成させることができなくなる。従って、Raの値は、2μmが上限値となる。
【0014】
このように、粗面化処理されたステンレス鋼の粗面化表面に、下記の(1)式および(2)式を満足する条件及び雰囲気中で光輝焼鈍を施す。
750≦T1≦5×T2+1250 ……(1)
−70≦T2≦−30 ……(2)
但し、T1は、焼鈍温度(℃)を表し、
T2は、焼鈍雰囲気の露点(℃)を表す。
光輝焼鈍は、一般的に水素と窒素をH2 :N2 =(1〜9):1範囲の割合で混合した還元性雰囲気の中で施されるが、その際、焼鈍温度T1(℃)と雰囲気露点T2(℃)との組み合わせによって、焼鈍後の表面酸化皮膜中の成分が変化し、Cr,Si,Alを濃化させた酸化皮膜を形成させることができる。光輝焼鈍温度T1(℃)が750℃未満の場合は、Cr,SiおよびAlの拡散速度が遅いため、バリヤー作用を発現する上記元素が濃縮した皮膜を形成することができない。一方、光輝焼鈍温度T1が、(5×T2+1250)℃を超える場合は、Crが還元される条件となり、表面皮膜へのCrの濃縮が妨げられる。但し、Cr還元条件の焼鈍温度は、露点T2との関係により定まるから、光輝焼鈍温度T1は、上記(1)式の範囲がよく、好ましくは、800℃以上1050℃以下がよい。
【0015】
光輝焼鈍の露点T2(℃)は、−30℃を超えるとFeの酸化が激しくなり、表面酸化皮膜におけるFeの濃化が避けられず、表面酸化皮膜のバリヤー作用を損なう。また、−70℃未満の露点は、これを実現することが工業的に極めて難しい。従って、光輝焼鈍の露点は、上記(2)式の範囲がよく、好ましくは−60℃以上−35℃未満がよい。
【0016】
【実施例】
本発明を下記実施例により更に説明する。
【0017】
参考例1及び2
参考例1及び2の各々において、ステンレス鋼材料として、クロム含有量 19.1%、銅含有量 0.41%、ニオブ含有量 0.4%、けい素含有量0.3%、アルミニウム含有量0.05%の低炭素フェライト系ステンレス鋼冷延焼鈍板を用いた。
このステンレス鋼板は、その製造条件及び空気中における加熱条件により表1に示されている(Cr+Si+Al)/Fe比及び厚さを有する表面酸化皮膜を形成した。
この表面酸化皮膜について酸化チタンを塗布するステンレス鋼板の表面から深さ方向の元素濃度をオージェ分光分析器を用いて測定し、酸化皮膜中の元素濃度から(Cr+Si+Al)/Fe比を求めた。酸化皮膜は、酸素濃度が表面での濃度から半分に低下するまでの範囲とし、酸化皮膜中の各元素濃度は、皮膜中の平均濃度を代表値として用いた。
【0018】
酸化チタン微粒子分散液としては、塩化チタン水溶液からオキシ塩化チタン水溶液を調製し、これを80℃で加水分解したのち分散剤と中和剤を添加して中性化し、さらにこの液を脱塩、精製したものを使用した。分析の結果、酸化チタン粒子は20〜50nmの分散粒径を持ち、その約50%はアモルファス二酸化チタンであった。
【0019】
ステンレス鋼板の酸化皮膜上に、前記二酸化チタン微粒子分散液を塗布し、この塗布液層に280℃で5分間の加熱を施し、酸化チタン微粒子層を形成した。加熱時の黄褐色への変色と、光触媒活性を評価した結果を表1に併記する。本発明法に従って、酸化皮膜中の(Cr+Si+Al)/Fe比を0.4以上とし、さらに酸化膜の厚みを1nmから100nmとする場合に、黄褐色の変色が発生せず、かつ優れた光触媒活性を示すことが確認された。
【0020】
光触媒活性度の評価は、0.1Nの沃化カリウム溶液中に、15×25mmの寸法の酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼を浸漬し、プラスチック板を介して高圧水銀ランプを30分照射したときの、I3 - の生成量を分光光度計を用いて吸光度(365nmの波長)を測定し、酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼を浸漬しない場合の吸光度の差を求めることによって行った。また、この場合、干渉色の発生を防止するために、酸化チタン層の膜厚を薄くした。従って、表1に示す参考例1及び2の鋼の光触媒活性の指標を示す吸光度差は、表2に示す発明鋼と比較すると若干低い値を示した。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0004435940
【0022】
実施例9〜12及び比較例5〜6
実施例9〜12及び比較例5〜6の各々において、参考例1に用いられたものと同一のステンレス鋼板の平均粗さRaを、機械研磨により、表2に示すように調整し、その表面に表2に記載の条件により光輝焼鈍を施して、表2に記載の酸化皮膜を形成し、かつその上に参考例1と同様の二酸化チタン微粒子層を形成し、その光触媒活性を評価した。その結果を表2に示す。
【0023】
【表2】
Figure 0004435940
【0024】
表2は、黄褐色への変色と共に、干渉色を低減し、さらに優れた光触媒活性を示すために、本発明法に従って、作製した酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼と比較例の黄褐色への着色、干渉色および光触媒活性を検討した結果を示す。本発明法に従って、表面粗度および光輝焼鈍条件を調整した場合に、黄褐色への着色および干渉色を低減すると共に優れた光触媒活性を示すことが確認された。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
本発明の二酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料は、優れた光触媒活性を示すと共に、黄褐色への変色あるいは干渉色を低減することによって意匠性にも優れており、従って光触媒活性と共に意匠性を必要とされる用途、例えば線材、車輌、及び道路のカーブ用ミラーなどの用途に有用なものである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention utilizes the photocatalytic action of titanium oxide, that is, antibacterial properties, malodor decomposition, decomposition of pollutants, purification of sewage and hydrophilicity, and antiglare properties. The present invention relates to a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material used in the field of utilizing the above and a method for producing the same. Further, such a stainless steel material is excellent in corrosion resistance, strength, workability, and toughness, and is therefore suitable for use in a corrosive environment or under various conditions.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, various antibacterial products have appeared on the market. Antibacterial agents are broadly classified into organic and inorganic types. Titanium oxide, which exhibits antibacterial properties when irradiated with light, has a semipermanent effect, and titanium oxide is harmless to the human body. It is a very attractive inorganic antibacterial material in terms of However, when titanium oxide is used as an antibacterial material, the form is particulate, and in many cases, it is necessary to apply titanium oxide particles on the surface of the substrate material. As a coating method, a sol-gel method, a thermal spraying method, a CVD method, and the like are known. However, care must be taken so that constituent components of the base material are not mixed into the film during film formation and photocatalytic activity is not deteriorated. For example, when glass is used as the substrate and titanium oxide, which is a photocatalytic substance, is coated thereon, sodium diffuses into the film from the glass, and this sodium may deteriorate the photocatalytic activity of the titanium dioxide layer. Known and means to prevent this are essential.
[0003]
On the other hand, regarding the technique of applying a photocatalytic substance such as titanium oxide on a metal material, the problem has not been sufficiently clarified because of its recent application. When a metal material is used as a base material, it can be subjected to various plastic workings unlike glass, and brittle fracture can be avoided. However, when titanium oxide was coated using a sol-gel method with stainless steel as a base material, it was found that titanium oxide does not exhibit the photocatalytic activity that should originally be exhibited. When surface analysis of titanium oxide-coated stainless steel having low photocatalytic activity was carried out, elements such as iron that were thought to have entered from the stainless steel of the base material were detected in the coating. That is, when stainless steel is immersed in the sol solution and a titanium oxide layer is formed on the surface of the stainless steel, such an element penetrates into the titanium oxide layer, which is considered to cause a decrease in photocatalytic activity. It is done. Therefore, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-74560, when measures such as increasing the chromium content and the molybdenum content in the stainless steel as the base material were taken, titanium oxide with extremely excellent photocatalytic activity was obtained. Coated stainless steel could be produced.
[0004]
Thus, deterioration of the photocatalytic activity of the titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material can be prevented by changing the component composition contained in the steel of the stainless steel material used as the base material. However, in this case, in the film forming process in which the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is applied to stainless steel and heated, the surface may turn yellowish brown and the design may be impaired. For this reason, not only a photocatalytic activity but application to the use which requires designability may be inhibited.
Even in the case where discoloration to yellowish brown during heating can be prevented, depending on the film thickness of the titanium oxide layer, the surface of the stainless steel may be colored by the interference of light. Such discoloration to yellowish brown or interference color is not a problem in terms of photocatalytic activity, but application to applications that touch the human eye is problematic from the viewpoint of design as well as discoloration to yellowish brown. Become.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to use a titanium dioxide coating solution in a titanium dioxide-coated stainless steel material produced by applying a titanium dioxide fine particle dispersion to the surface of a stainless steel material having excellent corrosion resistance as a base material and heating it. To provide a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material that can prevent yellowish brown discoloration that occurs during heating after coating, and that exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity, and can prevent coloring due to interference action , and a method for producing the same It is in.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The high photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention includes a stainless steel substrate and a titanium dioxide fine particle layer covering at least one surface thereof,
At least one surface of the stainless steel substrate is roughened in at least one direction and has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of more than 0.3 μm and 2 μm or less;
Between the roughened surface of the stainless steel substrate and the titanium dioxide fine particle layer, an oxide of Cr, Si, Al, and Fe is included, and the atomic concentration of Fe is the total atomic concentration of Cr, Si, and Al. The ratio of the value to the value ((Cr + Si + Al) / Fe) is 0.4 or more, and a surface oxide film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is formed,
The titanium dioxide fine particle layer was formed by applying an aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide containing 5 to 80% by mass of amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles on the surface oxide film and performing a heat treatment at 200 to 500 ° C. It is characterized by being.
In the high photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention, the titanium dioxide fine particle layer preferably has an average thickness of 0.01 to 2 μm.
In the method for producing a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention , at least one surface of a stainless steel substrate is roughened in at least one direction, and the arithmetic average roughness Ra exceeds 0.3 μm. Adjusted to 2 μm or less,
On the roughened surface of the stainless steel substrate, a temperature that satisfies the following formula (1) and a dew point that satisfies the following formula (2):
750 ≦ T1 ≦ 5 × T2 + 1250 (1)
−70 ≦ T2 ≦ −30 (2)
[However, in the above formulas (1) and (2), T1 represents the annealing temperature (° C.) and T2 represents the dew point (° C.). ]
In a reducing atmosphere having the above , bright annealing is performed, and the surface of the stainless steel substrate contains oxides of Cr, Si, Al and Fe, and the total atomic concentration of Cr, Si and Al is Fe atoms. A surface oxide film having a ratio ((Cr + Si + Al) / Fe) to a concentration value of 0.4 or more and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is formed.
An aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide containing 5 to 80% by mass of amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles is applied onto the surface oxide film , and subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 200 to 500 ° C. Forming a titanium dioxide fine particle layer containing amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles;
It is characterized by this.
In the method for producing a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention, it is preferable to adjust the average thickness to 0.01 to 2 μm when forming the titanium dioxide fine particle layer.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present inventors have studied in detail about the cause of yellowish brown discoloration that occurs in the heating step after the application of the titanium oxide particle dispersion, and it is caused by moisture contained in the dispersion or oxygen diffused in the dispersion. It has been found that the formation of a relatively thick oxide film on the stainless steel surface is the main cause. That is, in order to prevent yellowish brown discoloration, it is necessary to suppress the reaction between moisture in the dispersion or oxygen in the atmosphere and the surface of the stainless steel material. For this purpose, a barrier layer was formed on the surface of the stainless steel material, and the investigation was made to suppress the reaction between the base stainless steel material and oxygen in the atmosphere and moisture in the dispersion. It has been found that discoloration to yellowish brown during heating can be greatly reduced by forming an oxide film containing Al as a main component on the surface of stainless steel. It has also been clarified that the stainless steel material having such an oxide film exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity. This is because when the stainless steel material is immersed in the sol solution, a small amount of the base stainless steel elutes and enters the titanium oxide layer, and this oxide film suppresses the reaction that degrades the photocatalytic activity. Conceivable.
[0008]
The present invention will be described below. In the present invention, an oxide film is formed on the surface of the roughened stainless steel material, and the atomic concentration ratio (Cr + Si + Al) / Fe of Cr, Si, Al and Fe in the oxide film is 0.4 or more. And a titanium dioxide layer, preferably a titanium dioxide layer, is formed on the oxide film. The titanium dioxide layer is formed by applying a titanium oxide fine particle dispersion containing titanium dioxide, preferably amorphous titanium oxide, onto a surface oxide film of a stainless steel material, and heating.
[0009]
The titanium dioxide fine particle dispersion containing amorphous titanium oxide used in the present invention is obtained by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide or titanium compound such as titanium chloride or titanyl sulfate. Moreover, the thing containing the peroxotitanic acid produced | generated by adding hydrogen peroxide to the hydrated oxide of titanium can also be used. The titanium oxide fine particle dispersion thus prepared contains amorphous titanium oxide such as orthotitanic acid and peroxotitanic acid, but preferably contains anatase type crystalline titanium oxide fine particles in addition to these amorphous titanium oxides. It is more preferable. More preferably, 5 to 80% by mass of the titanium oxide fine particles are amorphous titanium oxide particles.
Moreover, the heating temperature after apply | coating a titanium oxide dispersion liquid is 200-500 degreeC . If the heating temperature at this time is less than 200 ° C., the adhesiveness of the titanium oxide layer becomes insufficient, and if it exceeds 500 ° C., the titanium oxide fine particles are further atomized to reduce the catalytic activity.
In the present invention, the average thickness of the titanium dioxide fine particle layer is preferably 0.01 to 2 μm.
[0010]
In the surface oxide film, the titanium dioxide fine particle dispersion is applied to the surface of the roughened stainless steel material, and in the process of heating, the component elements in the stainless steel enter the titanium dioxide layer and degrade its photocatalytic activity. It is extremely important to prevent this, and in particular, the concentration of Cr, Al, and Si in the oxide film improves the barrier properties of the oxide film. This is because Cr, Al and Si are all elements having an extremely strong affinity for oxygen, and forming a dense oxide film is considered to be linked to acting as a barrier film. Therefore, if the value of (Cr + Si + Al) / Fe in the surface film is less than 0.4, the surface oxide film cannot exhibit a sufficient barrier action.
[0011]
The thickness of the oxide film is also an important factor. In the present invention, the thickness of the oxide film is 1 to 100 nm, and particularly preferably 1 to 20 nm. When the film thickness is less than 1 nm, the resulting oxide film does not have a sufficient shielding action, so that it cannot prevent discoloration to yellowish brown. Therefore, the thickness of the oxide film is required to be at least 1 nm. However, if the thickness of the oxide film exceeds 100 nm, coloring occurs due to the light interference effect of the oxide film itself, so the thickness of the oxide film is adjusted to 100 nm or less.
[0012]
The titanium dioxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention exhibits yellowing resistance and excellent photocatalytic activity. However, depending on the thickness of the applied titanium dioxide layer, coloring occurs due to the light interference effect. As for such coloring due to the light interference action, it is natural that reducing the thickness of the titanium oxide layer effectively works. However, reducing the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer means that the absolute amount of titanium dioxide that exhibits photocatalytic activity is reduced, which leads to a decrease in photocatalytic activity. Therefore, it is desirable to prevent the light interference effect without reducing the thickness of the titanium dioxide layer. For this purpose, the surface roughness of the stainless steel material is adjusted to a certain value or more beforehand by mechanical polishing and / or roll dull rolling, and an oxide film is formed on the surface roughness. Apply and heat the solution. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the discoloration to yellowish brown and to reduce the interference color and to exhibit high photocatalytic activity. When the roughness of the surface of the stainless steel material is increased, it is inferred that the diffuse reflection on the surface of the stainless steel material coated with the titanium dioxide layer is emphasized and the interference color is reduced.
[0013]
That is, first, the stainless steel plate is mechanically polished so that the center line average roughness Ra in at least one direction exceeds 0.3 μm and is 2 μm or less. Increasing the roughness of the stainless steel surface is considered to have the effect of increasing the irregular reflection of the surface after titanium dioxide coating and making the interference color inconspicuous. The center line average roughness Ra in at least one direction needs to exceed 0.3 μm. However, if it exceeds 2 μm, when the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion is applied to the stainless steel surface, the coating liquid tends to flow into the recesses, and the titanium dioxide layer cannot be formed uniformly. Therefore, the upper limit value of Ra is 2 μm.
[0014]
Thus, the surface-roughened roughened surface of the stainless steel, the following (1) and (2) subjected to bright annealing type condition and in an atmosphere satisfying.
750 ≦ T1 ≦ 5 × T2 + 1250 (1)
−70 ≦ T2 ≦ −30 (2)
However, T1 represents annealing temperature (degreeC),
T2 represents the dew point (° C.) of the annealing atmosphere.
The bright annealing is generally performed in a reducing atmosphere in which hydrogen and nitrogen are mixed at a ratio of H 2 : N 2 = (1 to 9): 1. At that time, the annealing temperature T1 (° C.). In combination with the atmospheric dew point T2 (° C.), the components in the surface oxide film after annealing change, and an oxide film enriched with Cr, Si, and Al can be formed. When the bright annealing temperature T1 (° C.) is less than 750 ° C., the diffusion rate of Cr, Si, and Al is slow, so that a film enriched with the above-described elements exhibiting a barrier action cannot be formed. On the other hand, when the bright annealing temperature T1 exceeds (5 × T2 + 1250) ° C., it is a condition that Cr is reduced, and the concentration of Cr on the surface film is hindered. However, since the annealing temperature under the Cr reduction condition is determined by the relationship with the dew point T2, the bright annealing temperature T1 is preferably in the range of the above formula (1), and preferably 800 ° C. or more and 1050 ° C. or less.
[0015]
When the dew point T2 (° C.) of bright annealing exceeds −30 ° C., the oxidation of Fe becomes intense, and the concentration of Fe in the surface oxide film is inevitable, and the barrier action of the surface oxide film is impaired. Moreover, it is very difficult industrially to realize a dew point of less than -70 ° C. Therefore, the dew point of bright annealing is in the range of the above formula (2), and preferably -60 ° C or higher and lower than -35 ° C.
[0016]
【Example】
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
[0017]
Reference examples 1 and 2
In each of Reference Examples 1 and 2 , as a stainless steel material, chromium content 19.1%, copper content 0.41%, niobium content 0.4%, silicon content 0.3%, aluminum content A 0.05% low carbon ferritic stainless steel cold-rolled annealed plate was used.
This stainless steel plate formed a surface oxide film having the (Cr + Si + Al) / Fe ratio and thickness shown in Table 1 depending on the production conditions and heating conditions in the air.
About this surface oxide film, the element concentration of the depth direction from the surface of the stainless steel plate which applies a titanium oxide was measured using the Auger spectroanalyzer, and (Cr + Si + Al) / Fe ratio was calculated | required from the element concentration in an oxide film. The oxide film was in a range until the oxygen concentration dropped to half from the concentration on the surface, and the average concentration in the film was used as a representative value for the concentration of each element in the oxide film.
[0018]
As the titanium oxide fine particle dispersion, a titanium oxychloride aqueous solution is prepared from a titanium chloride aqueous solution, hydrolyzed at 80 ° C., neutralized by adding a dispersing agent and a neutralizing agent, and further demineralized. The purified one was used. As a result of the analysis, the titanium oxide particles had a dispersed particle diameter of 20 to 50 nm, and about 50% of them were amorphous titanium dioxide.
[0019]
The titanium dioxide fine particle dispersion was applied onto an oxide film of a stainless steel plate, and the coating liquid layer was heated at 280 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a titanium oxide fine particle layer. Table 1 shows the discoloration to yellowish brown color upon heating and the results of evaluating the photocatalytic activity. According to the method of the present invention, when the (Cr + Si + Al) / Fe ratio in the oxide film is 0.4 or more and the thickness of the oxide film is 1 nm to 100 nm, no yellowish brown discoloration occurs and excellent photocatalytic activity It was confirmed that
[0020]
Evaluation of the photocatalytic activity was performed by immersing a titanium oxide-coated stainless steel having a size of 15 × 25 mm in a 0.1N potassium iodide solution and irradiating with a high-pressure mercury lamp through a plastic plate for 30 minutes. The amount of 3 produced was measured by measuring the absorbance (wavelength of 365 nm) using a spectrophotometer and determining the difference in absorbance when the titanium oxide-coated stainless steel was not immersed. In this case, the thickness of the titanium oxide layer is reduced in order to prevent the occurrence of interference colors. Therefore, the absorbance difference indicating the photocatalytic activity index of the steels of Reference Examples 1 and 2 shown in Table 1 was slightly lower than that of the invention steel shown in Table 2 .
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004435940
[0022]
Examples 9-12 and Comparative Examples 5-6
In each of Examples 9 to 12 and Comparative Examples 5 to 6, the average roughness Ra of the same stainless steel plate as used in Reference Example 1 was adjusted by mechanical polishing as shown in Table 2, and its surface Was subjected to bright annealing under the conditions described in Table 2 to form the oxide film described in Table 2, and a titanium dioxide fine particle layer similar to that of Reference Example 1 was formed thereon, and the photocatalytic activity was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0023]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004435940
[0024]
Table 2 shows the coloration and interference of the titanium oxide-coated stainless steel produced in accordance with the method of the present invention and the comparative example to yellowish brown in order to reduce the interference color as well as discoloration to yellowish brown and to further exhibit excellent photocatalytic activity. The result of having examined color and photocatalytic activity is shown. When the surface roughness and bright annealing conditions were adjusted according to the method of the present invention, it was confirmed that coloring to tan and interference color was reduced and excellent photocatalytic activity was exhibited.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
The titanium dioxide-coated stainless steel material of the present invention exhibits excellent photocatalytic activity, and also has excellent design properties by reducing discoloration to yellowish brown or interference color, and thus requires design properties along with photocatalytic activity. It is useful for applications such as wire rods, vehicles, and road curve mirrors.

Claims (4)

ステンレス鋼基体と、その少なくとも1表面を被覆している二酸化チタン微粒子層とを含み、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の少なくとも1表面が、少なくとも一方向に粗面化されていて、0.3μmを越え2μm以下の算術平均粗さRaを有しており、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の粗面化表面と、前記二酸化チタン微粒子層との間に、Cr,Si,Al及びFeの酸化物を含み、Cr,Si及びAlの原子濃度合計値の、Feの原子濃度値に対する比((Cr+Si+Al)/Fe)が0.4以上であり、かつ、1〜100nmの厚さを有する表面酸化皮膜が形成されており
前記二酸化チタン微粒子層が、5〜80質量%のアモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含む二酸化チタンの水性分散液を、前記表面酸化皮膜上に塗布し、200〜500℃の加熱処理を施して、形成されたものである
ことを特徴とする、高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料。
A stainless steel substrate and a titanium dioxide particulate layer covering at least one surface thereof;
At least one surface of the stainless steel substrate is roughened in at least one direction and has an arithmetic average roughness Ra of more than 0.3 μm and 2 μm or less;
Between the roughened surface of the stainless steel substrate and the titanium dioxide fine particle layer, an oxide of Cr, Si, Al, and Fe is included, and the atomic concentration of Fe is the total atomic concentration of Cr, Si, and Al. ratio value ((Cr + Si + Al) / Fe) is not less than 0.4, and is formed with a surface oxide film having a thickness of 1 to 100 nm,
The titanium dioxide fine particle layer was formed by applying an aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide containing 5 to 80% by mass of amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles on the surface oxide film and performing a heat treatment at 200 to 500 ° C. A high photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material, characterized in that
前記二酸化チタン微粒子層が、0.01〜2μmの平均厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料。The high photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material according to claim 1, wherein the titanium dioxide fine particle layer has an average thickness of 0.01 to 2 μm. ステンレス鋼基体の少なくとも1表面に、少なくとも1方向に粗面化処理を施して、その算術平均粗さRaを0.3μmを越え2μm以下に調整し、
前記ステンレス鋼基体の粗面化処理された表面に、下記式(1)を満足する温度及び下記式(2)を満足する露点:
750≦T1≦5×T2+1250 (1)
−70≦T2≦−30 (2)
〔但し、上式(1)及び(2)において、T1は焼鈍温度(℃)を表し、T2は露点(℃)を表す。〕
を有する還元性雰囲気中において、光輝焼鈍を施して、前記ステンレス鋼基体表面に、Cr,Si,Al及びFeの酸化物を含み、Cr,Si及びAlの原子濃度の合計値の、Feの原子濃度値に対する比((Cr+Si+Al)/Fe)が0.4以上であり、かつ1〜100nmの厚さを有する表面酸化皮膜を形成し、
前記表面酸化皮膜上に、5〜80質量%アモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含有する二酸化チタンの水性分散液を塗布しこれに200〜500℃の温度において加熱処理を施して、前記表面酸化皮膜上に、アモルファス二酸化チタン微粒子を含む二酸化チタン微粒子層を形成する
ことを特徴とする高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料の製造方法。
At least one surface of the stainless steel substrate is roughened in at least one direction, and the arithmetic average roughness Ra is adjusted to be more than 0.3 μm and not more than 2 μm,
On the roughened surface of the stainless steel substrate, a temperature that satisfies the following formula (1) and a dew point that satisfies the following formula (2):
750 ≦ T1 ≦ 5 × T2 + 1250 (1)
−70 ≦ T2 ≦ −30 (2)
[However, in the above formulas (1) and (2), T1 represents the annealing temperature (° C.) and T2 represents the dew point (° C.). ]
In a reducing atmosphere having the above, bright annealing is performed, and the surface of the stainless steel substrate contains oxides of Cr, Si, Al and Fe, and the total atomic concentration of Cr, Si and Al is Fe atoms. A surface oxide film having a ratio ((Cr + Si + Al) / Fe) to a concentration value of 0.4 or more and a thickness of 1 to 100 nm is formed.
An aqueous dispersion of titanium dioxide containing 5 to 80% by mass of amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles is applied onto the surface oxide film, and subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 200 to 500 ° C. Forming a titanium dioxide fine particle layer containing amorphous titanium dioxide fine particles ;
A method for producing a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material.
前記二酸化チタン微粒子層の形成に際し、その平均厚さを、0.01〜2μmに調整する、請求項3に記載の高光触媒活性酸化チタン被覆ステンレス鋼材料の製造方法。The method for producing a highly photocatalytically active titanium oxide-coated stainless steel material according to claim 3, wherein an average thickness of the titanium dioxide fine particle layer is adjusted to 0.01 to 2 µm when the titanium dioxide fine particle layer is formed.
JP2000185237A 2000-06-20 2000-06-20 High photocatalytically active titanium oxide coated stainless steel material and method for producing the same Expired - Fee Related JP4435940B2 (en)

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