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JP4439752B2 - Resin-sealed semiconductor device - Google Patents
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JP4439752B2 - Resin-sealed semiconductor device - Google Patents

Resin-sealed semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4439752B2
JP4439752B2 JP2001053250A JP2001053250A JP4439752B2 JP 4439752 B2 JP4439752 B2 JP 4439752B2 JP 2001053250 A JP2001053250 A JP 2001053250A JP 2001053250 A JP2001053250 A JP 2001053250A JP 4439752 B2 JP4439752 B2 JP 4439752B2
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Prior art keywords
solder
resin
semiconductor device
semiconductor chip
opening
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JP2002261201A (en
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孝太郎 佐藤
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日本インター株式会社
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体チップがリードフレーム等の導体板上に搭載・固着された樹脂封止型半導体装置において、半田接合部の半田の融点以上の温度で外部のフロー半田付け作業等を行なっても支障が生じない樹脂封止型半導体装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
樹脂封止型半導体装置は、例えば外部アノードリード端子と外部カソードリード端子を備えたリードフレームのチップ載置部上に半導体チップを半田付けし、該半導体チップ上の表面電極、例えばアノード電極と外部アノードリード端子とを内部リード線により結線し、半導体チップの周囲が絶縁性樹脂により樹脂封止されモールド部が形成されている。そして、該モールド部の両端からは前記外部アノードリード端子及び外部カソードリード端子の一部のみが外部に導出された構造を有している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記のような構造の樹脂封止型半導体装置は、例えばフロー半田付け法により印刷配線板上の所定の位置に半田付けして使用される。この場合に例えば錫(Sn)−鉛(Pb)結共晶半田(Pb:37%,Sn:63%)を用いる場合の作業温度は240℃以上となり、鉛フリーの半田の場合にはそれ以上の温度となる。
一方、樹脂封止型半導体装置内部の半導体チップと、リードフレーム等の導体板のチップ載置部との接合部に使用される半田の融点は、上記の外部半田付け作業温度以下の場合がしばしばある。
かかる場合、内部の半田の融点を超える温度に曝すことは当該半導体装置の故障の原因となる。この故障は、内部の半田の流動化と体積膨張により半導体チップの表面に回り込み両電極間の短絡や流動化した半田がリード端子の表面を伝わって外部に流出し、半田接合部の半田量が減少してチップ載置部と半導体チップとの接触不良を招来させる等の原因となっていた。
特に、今日、環境保全の見地から半田の鉛フリー化が叫ばれ、それに積極的に対応した技術を採用しようとすると、必然的に外部半田付け作業温度が高くなり、上記の問題が一層深刻なものとなっている。
【0004】
【発明の目的】
本発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、半導体装置内部における半田の融点以上の温度で外部半田付け作業を行なっても故障等のおそれのない樹脂封止型半導体装置を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の樹脂封止型半導体装置は、導体板上に半導体チップが半田により固着され、該半導体チップの周囲を樹脂封止してモールド部を形成した樹脂封止型半導体装置において、
該モールド部に、前記半導体チップと導体板との半田接合部に連通する開口部を形成したことを特徴とするものである。
【0006】
【作用】
本発明の樹脂封止型半導体装置は、該装置内部におけるチップ接続部の半田の融点以上に外部半田付け作業温度が高くなっても樹脂封止型半導体装置の構成部品自体はモールド部で固定されているので、バラバラにならず半田接合部の半田のみが溶融して膨張する。この場合に、溶融・膨張した半田は、モールド部に形成した開口部を通じて外部に逃げる。このため、半導体チップの表面に回り込んで両電極間を短絡させてしまう等の事故が回避できる。
また、半田付け作業の終了時の冷却収縮時においては、開口部側へ膨出して余分な半田を自助作用により吸収し、半田接合部に自然に補われるので、半田不足による接続不良が発生しなくなる。
【0007】
【実施例】
以下に、本発明の実施例を、図を参照して説明する。
図1は、本発明の第1の実施例である樹脂封止型半導体装置の外観を示す斜視図である。
図において、1は樹脂封止型半導体装置全体を示し、この樹脂封止型半導体装置1は封止用樹脂によって形成されたモールド部2を有する。このモールド部2の長手方向両端からは外部アノードリード端子3と外部カソードリード端子4が導出されている。
【0008】
上記モールド部2の上面には開口部5が形成され、この開口部は内部の半田接合部まで達している。
図2はモールド部2を取り去ったリードフレームの状態を示す斜視図であるが、外部カソードリード端子4は、リードフレーム7の半導体チップ載置部6から延在しており、この半導体チップ載置部6に半導体チップ8が半田により固着されている。また、上記半導体チップ載置部6の略中央部には、前記モールド部2の開口部5に連通する透孔9が設けられている。
【0009】
したがって、透孔9に半導体チップ8と半導体チップ載置部6とを半田付けした半田接合部10が露出している。
上記の半導体チップ8の表面電極と外部アノードリード端子3とは内部リード11により接続される。
【0010】
上記第1の実施例によれば、モールド部2に開口部5が形成され、この開口部5が半田接合部10に到達しているために、樹脂封止型半導体装置1を、例えば図示しない印刷配線板上にフロー半田付け法により半田付けする場合に、溶融半田が開口部5を通じて内部の半田と接触する。この時、溶融半田の温度が内部の半田の融点以上になっていれば、内部の半田は加熱されて熔融する。そして、この熔融膨張した半田は、透孔9を介して開口部5側に逃げる。
【0011】
上記により、従来のように半導体チップ8の表面に回り込むことがないために、表面の両電極間の短絡事故を生じさせるような事態を回避することができる。また、開口部5がない場合には溶融した半田は行き場所失って半導体チップ8の表面に回り込む以外になかったが、本案の場合、透孔9及び開口部5の部分に自然に集中し、逆に、冷却収縮時にはその余剰の半田が半田接合部10に自然に戻されるので、半導体チップ8と半導体チップ載置部6との接続不良が発生することがなくなる。
【0012】
さらに、上記の副次的効果として、外部半田付け作業温度と内部の半田接合部の溶融温度との関係を厳密に考慮しなくても良いことから、半田の融点の制限なしに使用半田を選択することができるようになる。このため、鉛フリー半田への対応が容易になると共に、より安価な半田を選択してコストダウンに寄与することができる。
【0013】
図3は、本発明の第2の実施例を示す。
この実施例では樹脂封止型半導体装置1のモールド部2の側面に、内部の半田接合部10に達する開口部5aを形成したものである。この実施例では開口部5aが直接半田接合部10に達しているので、半導体チップ載置部6(図2参照)には透孔9を設けなくて良い。
【0014】
上記第2の実施例は第1の実施例と同様に、外部半田付け作業温度が内部の半田接合部10の溶融温度よりも高くなった場合でも溶融した半田を開口部5aによって集中して吸収し、半導体チップ8の表面からその周囲に回り込むのが阻止され両電極間の短絡事故が防止される。また、外部半田付け作業の終了後には膨張して開口部5aに流れ出た半田が表面張力により若干残存する。そして、溶融した半田が固化する際に収縮して元の半田接合部10に吸引され自然に戻されるため、半導体チップ8と半導体チップ載置部6の接続不良を招来させることがない。
なお、上記第1及び第2の実施例では開口部5,5aが1つの例を図示したが、該開口部5,5aの数には限定されるものではない。
【0015】
図4は本発明の第3の実施例を示し、図5はモールド部を取り除いた状態の斜視図である。
この実施例では半田接合部10に透孔9を介して連通する半田粒12を、開口部5を充たすように充填したものである。
【0016】
この実施例によれば上記第1及び第2の実施例による作用効果の他に、特に半田粒12が放熱体として効果を果たすと共に、半導体チップ8の位置ずれ防止の役目を果たす。さらに、半田粒12を必要に応じてカソード電極の取り出し部分として利用することもできる。
なお、上記第1〜第3の実施例では導体板がリードフレームである場合について図示し、それについて説明もしたが、リードフレームに限定されるものではない。
要は、半導体チップが載置され、半田付けされる部材であり、それらの間に半田接合部が形成されるものであれば、トラジスタ、サイリスタ等いずれの構造のものでも広く本発明の思想を適用することができる。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明は、半導体装置内部の半導体チップとリードフレームの半導体チップ載置部との半田接合部に達する開口部をモールド部に設けたので、外部のフロー半田付け作業等において、内部の半田の溶融温度よりも温度が高くなった場合でも溶融半田の膨張・収縮を開口部によって吸収することができる。このため、半導体チップ表面への回り込みが防止され、両電極間の短絡事故が回避されると共に、半田接合部の半田不足による半導体チップと半導体チップ載置部との接続不良を招来させることがなく、高品質で安定した特性の半導体装置が得られるなどの効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1の実施例を示す樹脂封止型半導体装置の斜視図である。
【図2】上記樹脂封止型半導体装置のモールド部を取り除いた状態の斜視図である。
【図3】本発明の第2の実施例を示す樹脂封止型半導体装置の斜視図である。
【図4】本発明の第3の実施例を示す樹脂封止型半導体装置の斜視図である。
【図5】上記樹脂封止型半導体装置のモールド部を取り除いた状態の斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
1 樹脂封止型半導体装置
2 モールド部
3 外部アノードリード端子
4 外部カソードリード端子
5,5a 開口部
6 半導体チップ載置部
7 リードフレーム
8 半導体チップ
9 透孔
10 半田接合部
11 内部リード線
12 半田粒
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device in which a semiconductor chip is mounted and fixed on a conductor plate such as a lead frame, even if an external flow soldering operation or the like is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the solder at the solder joint. The present invention relates to a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device that does not cause a problem.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A resin-encapsulated semiconductor device, for example, solders a semiconductor chip onto a chip mounting portion of a lead frame having an external anode lead terminal and an external cathode lead terminal, and a surface electrode on the semiconductor chip, for example, an anode electrode and an external The anode lead terminal is connected with an internal lead wire, and the periphery of the semiconductor chip is sealed with an insulating resin to form a mold part. In addition, only a part of the external anode lead terminal and the external cathode lead terminal is led out from both ends of the mold part.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The resin-encapsulated semiconductor device having the above structure is used by soldering to a predetermined position on a printed wiring board by, for example, a flow soldering method. In this case, for example, when using tin (Sn) -lead (Pb) eutectic solder (Pb: 37%, Sn: 63%), the working temperature is 240 ° C. or more, and in the case of lead-free solder, it is more than that. Temperature.
On the other hand, the melting point of the solder used at the joint between the semiconductor chip inside the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device and the chip mounting portion of the conductor plate such as a lead frame is often below the above external soldering operation temperature. is there.
In such a case, exposure to a temperature exceeding the melting point of the internal solder causes a failure of the semiconductor device. This failure is caused by the fluidization and volume expansion of the internal solder, and the short circuit between the two electrodes or the fluidized solder flows along the surface of the lead terminal and flows out to the outside due to the volume expansion of the solder. This causes a decrease in contact between the chip mounting portion and the semiconductor chip.
In particular, today, from the standpoint of environmental conservation, the lead-free solder is screamed, and if we try to adopt a technology that actively responds to it, the external soldering operation temperature will inevitably increase, and the above problems will become more serious. It has become a thing.
[0004]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and provides a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device in which there is no risk of failure even when external soldering is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of solder inside the semiconductor device. It is intended to provide.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The resin-encapsulated semiconductor device of the present invention is a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device in which a semiconductor chip is fixed onto a conductor plate by soldering, and the periphery of the semiconductor chip is resin-encapsulated to form a mold part.
In the mold portion, an opening communicating with the solder joint between the semiconductor chip and the conductor plate is formed.
[0006]
[Action]
In the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device of the present invention, the component itself of the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device is fixed by the mold portion even when the external soldering operation temperature becomes higher than the melting point of the solder of the chip connecting portion inside the device. As a result, only the solder at the solder joint portion melts and expands without breaking apart. In this case, the melted / expanded solder escapes to the outside through an opening formed in the mold part. For this reason, it is possible to avoid an accident such as a short circuit between the two electrodes by going around the surface of the semiconductor chip.
Also, at the time of cooling shrinkage at the end of soldering work, it swells to the opening side and absorbs excess solder by self-help function and naturally compensates for the solder joint, so poor connection due to insufficient solder occurs Disappear.
[0007]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the appearance of a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1 shows the entire resin-encapsulated semiconductor device, and this resin-encapsulated semiconductor device 1 has a mold part 2 formed of an encapsulating resin. An external anode lead terminal 3 and an external cathode lead terminal 4 are led out from both longitudinal ends of the mold part 2.
[0008]
An opening 5 is formed on the upper surface of the mold part 2, and this opening reaches the internal solder joint.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the state of the lead frame from which the mold part 2 has been removed. The external cathode lead terminal 4 extends from the semiconductor chip mounting part 6 of the lead frame 7, and this semiconductor chip mounting. The semiconductor chip 8 is fixed to the part 6 with solder. Further, a through hole 9 communicating with the opening 5 of the mold part 2 is provided at a substantially central part of the semiconductor chip mounting part 6.
[0009]
Therefore, the solder joint portion 10 where the semiconductor chip 8 and the semiconductor chip mounting portion 6 are soldered to the through hole 9 is exposed.
The surface electrode of the semiconductor chip 8 and the external anode lead terminal 3 are connected by an internal lead 11.
[0010]
According to the first embodiment, since the opening portion 5 is formed in the mold portion 2 and the opening portion 5 reaches the solder joint portion 10, the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device 1 is not illustrated, for example, When soldering on the printed wiring board by the flow soldering method, the molten solder comes into contact with the internal solder through the opening 5. At this time, if the temperature of the molten solder is equal to or higher than the melting point of the internal solder, the internal solder is heated and melted. The melted and expanded solder escapes to the opening 5 side through the through hole 9.
[0011]
By the above, since it does not wrap around the surface of the semiconductor chip 8 as in the prior art, it is possible to avoid a situation that causes a short circuit accident between the electrodes on the surface. In addition, in the case where there is no opening 5, the melted solder had nowhere else to go but wraps around the surface of the semiconductor chip 8, but in the case of the present plan, it naturally concentrates on the part of the through hole 9 and the opening 5. On the contrary, when the cooling shrinks, the surplus solder is naturally returned to the solder joint portion 10, so that a connection failure between the semiconductor chip 8 and the semiconductor chip mounting portion 6 does not occur.
[0012]
Furthermore, as a secondary effect, it is not necessary to strictly consider the relationship between the external soldering operation temperature and the melting temperature of the internal solder joints. Will be able to. For this reason, it becomes easy to cope with lead-free solder, and a cheaper solder can be selected to contribute to cost reduction.
[0013]
FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, an opening 5 a reaching the internal solder joint 10 is formed on the side surface of the mold part 2 of the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device 1. In this embodiment, since the opening 5a reaches the solder joint portion 10 directly, it is not necessary to provide the through hole 9 in the semiconductor chip mounting portion 6 (see FIG. 2).
[0014]
In the second embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the melted solder is concentrated and absorbed by the opening 5a even when the external soldering operation temperature is higher than the melting temperature of the internal solder joint 10. In addition, the semiconductor chip 8 is prevented from wrapping around the surface, and a short circuit accident between both electrodes is prevented. In addition, after the external soldering operation is finished, the solder that has expanded and has flowed into the opening 5a remains slightly due to surface tension. Then, when the molten solder is solidified, it contracts and is sucked back to the original solder joint portion 10 and returned naturally, so that a poor connection between the semiconductor chip 8 and the semiconductor chip mounting portion 6 is not caused.
In the first and second embodiments, one opening portion 5 and 5a is illustrated, but the number of the opening portions 5 and 5a is not limited.
[0015]
FIG. 4 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which the mold part is removed.
In this embodiment, solder particles 12 communicating with the solder joint portion 10 through the through holes 9 are filled so as to fill the opening 5.
[0016]
According to this embodiment, in addition to the functions and effects of the first and second embodiments, the solder particles 12 serve as a heat radiator, and also serve to prevent misalignment of the semiconductor chip 8. Furthermore, the solder grains 12 can be used as a portion for taking out the cathode electrode as necessary.
In the first to third embodiments, the case where the conductor plate is a lead frame is shown and described. However, the present invention is not limited to the lead frame.
The point is that the semiconductor chip is mounted and soldered, and any structure having a structure such as a transistor or thyristor can be used as long as a solder joint is formed between them. Can be applied.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides the mold part with the opening that reaches the solder joint between the semiconductor chip inside the semiconductor device and the semiconductor chip mounting part of the lead frame. Even when the temperature becomes higher than the melting temperature of the internal solder, the expansion / contraction of the molten solder can be absorbed by the opening. For this reason, wraparound to the surface of the semiconductor chip is prevented, a short circuit accident between both electrodes is avoided, and a connection failure between the semiconductor chip and the semiconductor chip mounting portion due to insufficient solder at the solder joint portion is not caused. There is an effect that a semiconductor device having high quality and stable characteristics can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state where a mold part of the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device is removed.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state where a mold part of the resin-encapsulated semiconductor device is removed.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Resin sealing type semiconductor device 2 Mold part 3 External anode lead terminal 4 External cathode lead terminal 5, 5a Opening part 6 Semiconductor chip mounting part 7 Lead frame 8 Semiconductor chip 9 Through-hole 10 Solder joint part 11 Internal lead wire 12 Solder grain

Claims (3)

導体板上に半導体チップが半田により固着され、該半導体チップの周囲を樹脂封止してモールド部を形成した樹脂封止型半導体装置において、
該モールド部に前記半導体チップと導体板との半田接合部に連通する開口部を形成し
前記導体板の前記開口部に対向する位置に透孔を設けたことを特徴とする樹脂封止型半導体装置。
In a resin-encapsulated semiconductor device in which a semiconductor chip is fixed on a conductor plate by solder, and the periphery of the semiconductor chip is resin-sealed to form a mold part.
Forming an opening communicating with the solder joint between the semiconductor chip and the conductor plate in the mold part ;
A resin-encapsulated semiconductor device , wherein a through-hole is provided at a position facing the opening of the conductor plate .
前記開口部がモールド部の上面又は下面に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の樹脂封止型半導体装置。  The resin-encapsulated semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the opening is formed on an upper surface or a lower surface of the mold portion. 前記開口部に、前記半田接合部に連通する半田粒を充填したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の樹脂封止型半導体装置。  The resin-encapsulated semiconductor device according to claim 1, wherein the opening is filled with solder grains communicating with the solder joint.
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