JP4444446B2 - Heating and cooling structure of structure using heat storage layer - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure such as a house that uses natural energy such as solar energy, and is particularly configured to enable more effective use of natural energy in cooperation with a floor cooling and heating structure proposed separately by the inventor. The present invention relates to a cooling / heating structure of the structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The traditional house structure has the wisdom to make our lives comfortable by utilizing nature, such as taking in sunlight from the south side of the house in the winter to warm the room, and opening the house to ventilate in the summer. Has been.
[0003]
Recently, various home structures have been proposed that actively use solar energy supplied as sunlight from the viewpoints of energy saving and the resulting reduction in environmental burden or economic efficiency. However, the conventional wisdom described above is not always necessary because the house is composed of various structural materials, including wooden structures, and high heat insulation and sealing properties are required, compared to the conventional house that was mainly made of wood. There is a need for a solar energy utilization structure that is unhelpful and fits the current house structure, and several proposals have been made.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The use of solar energy in a house requires securing a light receiving part for sunlight as solar energy, a heat storage material for storing the received solar energy, and securing a heat circulation flow path.
[0005]
FIG. 18 schematically shows a conventional air circulation / heat storage type house structure. In this structure, the air warmed by the sunlight L rises in the air passage 50a, reaches the floor passage 50d through the upper passage 50b and the side wall passage 50c, and naturally recirculates by flowing into the passage 50a again. Yes. 51 is a heat storage material that forms the foundation of the house 50, and the circulating and flowing air transfers heat to the heat storage material 51 by heat conduction in the passage 50d.
[0006]
However, since the heat storage material 51 is on the floor portion of the house 50 as is apparent from the figure, the air that is transferred to the heat storage material 51 is the air whose temperature is the lowest after the heat is radiated in the passages 50b and 50c. The efficiency of heat storage is poor, and radiant heating by heat radiation from the heat storage material 51 can hardly be expected.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured in view of the above-described problems, and at least one heat storage layer is formed in the vertical direction of a structure such as a house, and this at least one heat storage layer has a heating medium during heat storage. It is an air-conditioning structure configured to be disposed adjacent to the rising passage.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
On the side wall, floor, and ceiling of a structure such as a house, a path capable of circulating and circulating air as a heat transfer medium is formed. In the case where the structure is configured on a plurality of floors, for example, two or more floors, one or more heat storage layers are formed in the partition portion corresponding to the ceiling portion of the lower floor and the floor portion of the upper floor. Further, one or more other heat storage layers are formed at the lower part of the floor of the lower floor.
[0009]
In the daytime, air heated and heated by sunlight on the south-facing wall surface rises to the ceiling, transfers heat to the first heat storage layer, and heats the first heat storage layer. In this case, the heated air immediately transfers heat to the first heat storage layer without performing wasteful heat dissipation on the ceiling, so that the heat transfer efficiency is very good. For example, if the heat storage material is water or a liquid having the same effect as the first heat storage layer, the passage through which the air of the heat transfer medium passes is narrowed to increase the heat transfer efficiency with respect to the heat storage material and The temperature of the first heat storage layer is increased uniformly.
[0010]
In addition, the air transferred to the first heat storage layer descends the passage connected to the ceiling passage (usually the passage on the north wall facing the passage on the south wall) and reaches the floor passage. In addition, this channel | path does not necessarily need to be formed in a wall surface, and it should just be formed in the position which sunlight does not hit, ie, does not collect heat. A plurality of heat storage layers may be formed on the floor, for example, a second heat storage layer on the upper stage and a third heat storage layer on the lower stage. When a two-stage heat storage layer is formed, the air first transfers heat to the second heat storage layer, and further transfers heat to the third heat storage layer, and then reaches the passage on the south wall and rises in temperature. Circulates and flows through each of these passages.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2 conceptually show the configuration of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the most basic configuration of the present invention having one heat storage layer, and FIG. 2 shows a plurality of configurations (the configuration shown is three layers). The structure which has this heat storage layer is shown. In addition, a house is demonstrated to an example as a structure which is the implementation object of this invention.
[0012]
First, FIG. 1 shows the first floor portion F1 of the house 1. In this house 1, S <b> 1, which is a space portion serving as a heating air passage, is formed on a south wall portion to which sunlight L hits. Hereinafter, all the space portions to be described later will be described using the term “passage”. In this passage S1, air in the passage is heated by solar energy, so that the light receiving area of sunlight L can be made as large as possible so as to receive the thermal energy of sunlight L sufficiently. . For example, in addition to the surface forming the wall of the house 1, it is desirable that the window portion be configured so that the space portion can be used as an air heating passage by, for example, a double window structure.
[0013]
The heating passage S1 is connected to a ceiling portion passage S2, a back surface passage S3 and a floor passage S4 facing the heating passage, respectively. As described above, the passage S3 is not necessarily formed on the wall surface, and may be formed as a duct at a position that does not interfere with the room.
In this configuration, for example, in the daytime in winter, the air in the heating passage S1 is heated by sunlight L, rises up the heating passage S1, flows into the ceiling passage S2, and the heated air passes through the ceiling passage S2. The heat is immediately transferred to the heat storage layer 2 disposed on the upper part of the heat sink. The heat storage material in the heat storage layer 2 may be a solid such as concrete. However, if a liquid such as water is used, the flow of liquid inside the heat storage layer 2 even if the heat exchange part with the heated air is part of the heat storage layer 2. The heat storage layer 2 is uniformly heated by (thermal convection), and the heat transfer efficiency is high. Therefore, high heat storage efficiency can be obtained.
[0014]
The air that has exchanged heat with the heat storage layer 2 descends the passage S3, flows again into the heating passage S1 through the floor passage S4, and is heated. In this way, heat is stored in the heat storage layer 2 by the air circulation flow during the daytime when the sunlight L is present. At night in this state, the flow of air in each passage is stopped by a damper or the like (not shown), and in this state, the heat of the heat storage layer 2 heats the room F1 as a heat beam. Naturally, the heat of the heat storage layer 2 can be used for heating the second floor and heating the second floor.
[0015]
FIG. 2 shows another basic configuration.
In this configuration the floor In On the other hand, the second heat storage layer 3 and the third heat storage layer 4 are formed and arranged. Of these, for example, the second heat storage layer 3 is the same as the first heat storage layer 2. In addition, A fluid such as water is used as a heat storage material, and the third heat storage layer 4 is configured to use a concrete foundation portion that is a foundation material of the house 1. However, it is not limited to this configuration, and a plurality of heat storage layers can be further formed on the floor. This is also true for the heat storage layer formed on the ceiling, and the heat storage layer on the ceiling can be formed in a plurality of layers.
[0016]
In this configuration, since the air that has been transferred to the first heat storage layer 2 in the ceiling passage S2 and has descended the passage S3 still has considerable residual heat, the first floor passage S4 first has the first heat. 2 The heat is transferred to the heat storage layer 3 and further flows into the second floor passage S4 ′ to transfer heat to the third heat storage layer 4. In addition, the 2nd heat storage layer 3 and the 3rd heat storage layer 4 are thermally interrupted so that it may mention later. Since air drops in temperature as it is transferred to the heat storage layer, air of Along each flow path, each heat storage layer has the highest temperature of the first heat storage layer 2, followed by the second heat storage layer 3 and the third heat storage layer 4. Become A temperature difference occurs in each heat storage layer.
[0017]
3 to 6 show the route of the air passage, the arrangement of each heat storage layer, and the like more specifically.
Reference numeral 5 denotes a heat collecting surface that receives sunlight, and is configured as a south-facing wall surface and the double window as described above. A heating passage S <b> 1 is disposed on the heat collecting surface 5. In the illustrated configuration, the heat storage layer 2 is configured as an assembly of a plurality of containers filled with water as a heat storage material. When the ceiling structure or the floor structure is made of a metal material such as aluminum, the space formed by the metal material can be directly filled with water.
[0018]
Similarly to the heat storage layer 2, the second heat storage layer 3 is also configured as an aggregate of water containers in the illustrated configuration. A concrete layer as the third heat storage layer 4 is formed below the second heat storage layer 3 via a heat insulating material 6. Corresponding to the structure of the heat storage layer, the floor passage S4 is first provided with a passage S4a that transfers heat to the second heat storage layer 3, and then transfers heat to the third heat storage layer 4 following the passage S4a. The passages S4b and S4c are provided, and the passage S4c is connected to the heating passage S1 so that air circulates and flows through each passage.
[0019]
In the above configuration, the air heated by the heat collecting surface 5 transfers heat to the water that is the heat storage material of the first heat storage layer 2 in the passage S2. Since the water flows in the water container and is heated uniformly by being heated, the passage S12 may be disposed in a very small part of the area of the heat storage layer 2. Further, by passing the heated air through the narrow passage in this way, the temperature difference between the water as the heat storage material and the air becomes large, and the heat transfer efficiency for the heat storage material can be increased.
[0020]
The air descending the passage S3 first flows into S4a in the floor portion passage S4. Heat is transferred to the water W in the second heat storage layer 3 in the passage S4a. In this case as well, as in the case of the first heat storage layer 2, the entire heat storage layer 3 is uniformly heated by the convection of water, and the heat of the air is stored. Further, heat is exchanged only with the second heat storage layer 3 in the passage S4a by the heat insulating material 6. Subsequently, heat is exchanged with the third heat storage layer 4 in the passages S4b and S4c, and the process returns to the heating passage S1. Thus, since each heat storage layer 2, 3, and 4 are each thermally independent, in the above-mentioned air flow path, the temperature of the heat storage layer is the highest in the first heat storage layer 2, and the third The heat storage layer 4 becomes the lowest. However, since the capacity capable of storing heat corresponds to the heat capacity of each heat storage layer, the total amount of heat stored is not necessarily proportional to the temperature of each heat storage layer. Note that the configuration in FIG. 2 is merely an example of the configuration of the present invention, and it is a matter of course that a larger number of heat storage layers may be disposed, or a concrete heat storage layer or other heat storage layer may be disposed in place of the water container. Is possible.
[0021]
FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 show a configuration for the purpose of more uniformly transferring heat to a solid heat storage material such as concrete that cannot transfer heat by convection of fluid. Reference numeral 8 denotes a heat transfer member for exchanging heat between the air in the passages S4b and S4c and the third heat storage layer 4, and is constituted by a metal having high thermal conductivity, a heat pipe, or the like.
[0022]
Further, reference numeral 9 encloses a liquid such as water and is embedded in a concrete layer. Liquid enclosure For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the pipe is bent and disposed so as to be endless as a whole, and the bent portions are arranged at almost equal intervals. In this configuration, when a part of the third heat storage layer 4 is heated, the liquid in the liquid-filled pipe 9 flows from the high temperature part to the low temperature part. Of the heat storage layer 4 Even if it is partially biased, the liquid in the liquid sealing pipe 9 Concerned The entire heat storage layer 4 is heated (heat storage) almost uniformly.
[0023]
FIG.7 and FIG.8 shows the example which implemented the structure shown above in the two-story house. The circles shown in the air passages in FIGS. 7 and 8 are opening / closing means (hereinafter referred to as “dampers”) for opening and closing these passages. The white circles indicate the “open” state of the dampers, and the black circles indicate the dampers. The “closed” state is shown. In the following, each damper is indicated by adding a number to the symbol D, such as D1, D2, D3.
[0024]
First, in FIG. 7, S <b> 5 is a heating / heat radiation passage of the second floor F <b> 2, and the ceiling passage is divided into a passage S <b> 6 a and a normal indoor passage S <b> 6 b through the heat insulating material 6. S7 is a passage of the second floor F2, and is configured such that air passes through a predetermined passage by switching each damper. The passage S6a is used not only as a heat radiating passage but also as a heat collecting passage when air is forcedly circulated. For convenience of explanation, the passage S6a will be described below using the term “heat radiating passage”.
[0025]
FIG. 8 shows another configuration. In addition, the same component as FIG. 7 is shown with the same code | symbol. In this configuration, a forced circulation fan 10 is installed in the passage S7 on the second floor F2 to enable forced circulation of the air flow. Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote heat exchanging means for exchanging heat between the exhaust from the room and the air flowing through the air passage. 7 and 8, when the temperature of each heat storage layer is indicated, the temperature of the first heat storage layer 2 is A, the temperature of the second heat storage layer 3 is B, and the temperature of the third heat storage layer 4 is C. Show.
[0026]
Hereinafter, the flow of air and the heat storage or heat dissipation state of each heat storage layer in the house having the above-described configuration are shown.
FIG. 9A shows a daytime state in winter and a clear day, and FIG. 9B shows a nighttime state. First, in the state (A), the dampers D8, D13, and D6 are closed. In this state, the air heated by the sunlight L in the heating passage S1 transfers heat to the first heat storage layer 2 in the passage S2, descends the passage S3 to the passage S4a, and the second passage through the passage S4a. Heat is transferred to the heat storage layer 3 and to the third heat storage layer 4 in the passages S4b and S4c. Subsequently, by flowing again into the heating passage S1, these passages are circulated and flowed, and the temperature of each of the heat storage layers 2, 3, 4 is stored in a state of A>B> C by the flow of air.
[0027]
In FIG. 2A, the heat stored in each heat storage layer is radiated at night to heat the room. That is, the flow of air in each passage is stopped by closing the damper D1 in addition to the dampers in FIG. In this state, the heat energy stored in each of the heat storage layers 2, 3 and 4 is discharged from the floors of the first floor F1 and the second floor F2 or from the ceiling of the first floor F1 as a heat beam for heating. In this case, for example, if the heat release of the second heat storage layer 3 on the first floor is large and the temperature becomes lower than the third heat storage layer 4 over time, that is, when B <C, the air passes through the passage S4a. The air that has flowed into S4b and S4c through this passage and has been heated by the third heat storage layer 4 in this passage again flows into the passage S4a and transfers heat to the second heat storage layer 3, via the second heat storage layer 3. The room will be heated. That is, in the present invention, air naturally flows in response to the temperature change of each heat storage layer that performs heat storage, and the heat of each heat storage layer can be effectively put into the room without special operation. Can be released.
[0028]
FIG. 10C shows an example of setting a passage in a daytime in winter and no solar radiation such as a rainy day, and FIG. 10D shows another example of setting in a day without daytime solar radiation in winter.
First, in (C), when there is no sunshine, the use of solar energy cannot be expected, and on the contrary, there is a high possibility that heat is radiated from the heating passage S1 to the outside, so the dampers D1 and D6 are closed and the air in the heating passage S1 is closed. Stop the flow. In this state, the heat of the first, second, and third heat storage layers is radiated into the room for heating. In this case, when the temperatures A, B, and C of the first, second, and third heat storage layers are A>B> C, basically the air does not flow, but the third heat storage layer 4 is a concrete layer. It is possible to set the heat capacity to be the largest among the respective heat storage layers, for example, by setting the thickness to be thick. Therefore, for example, when the temperature becomes A>C> B, as described above, the air circulates between the passages S4a, S4b, and S4c, thereby causing the third heat storage layer 4 to pass through the second heat storage layer 3. The heat is released into the room. Of course, the above daytime setting without solar radiation can be used as a nighttime setting.
[0029]
In FIG. 4D, depending on the heat radiation state of the first, second, and third heat storage layers 2, 3, and 4, the temperature of each heat storage layer may be A <B <C. In this case, due to the temperature gradient of each heat storage layer, the air heated by the third heat storage layer 4 having the highest temperature is transferred to the second heat storage layer 3 in the passage S4a via the passages S4b and S4c, and further the passage S3. The air that has passed through the ceiling portion passage S2 and transferred heat to the first heat storage layer 2 and has finished heat transfer descends the passage S3 and returns to the third heat storage layer 4 to perform the third flow. The heat of the heat storage layer 4 is released into the room through the first and second heat storage layers.
[0030]
The setting shown as (E) in FIG. 11 and the setting shown as (F) in FIG. 12 are configurations in which an electric heater using midnight power (hereinafter simply referred to as “electric heater”) is provided as an example of the artificial heating means. The heat storage method with respect to each heating and each heat storage layer is shown.
First, FIG. (E) is configured to positively perform the heating in (D). That is, heat is stored in the third heat storage layer 4 by late-night power whose electric charge is set by the electric heater 13 at a low price. As described above, the heat capacity of the heat storage layer 4 can be set large in advance by a method such as setting the third heat storage layer 4 as a thick concrete layer. In the daytime when there is no solar radiation in this state, the opening / closing of each damper is set as shown in FIG. 10 (D), and the heat of the third heat storage layer 4 is set by the air flowing through the passage set in (D). Is actively transmitted to each room and heated.
[0031]
(F) shown in FIG. 12 shows a heat storage state in the daytime with sunshine in the configuration having the electric heater 13. In the daytime with sunshine, it is basically unnecessary to use the heat of the third heat storage layer 4 that is heated and stored by the electric heater 13. Therefore, the dampers D3 and D4 are closed, the passages S4b and S4c passing through the third heat storage layer 4 are closed, the flow of air in this portion is stopped, and the heat of the heat storage layer 4 is stored. The other dampers D are opened and closed in the same state as in FIG. 9A, and heat is stored in the first and second heat storage layers 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, when heat storage is insufficient, the dampers D3 and D4 are appropriately opened to supply heat of the third heat storage layer 4. When the heat capacity of the third heat storage layer 4 is set large so that heat is not released from the third heat storage layer 4 in the daytime, a considerable amount of heat is stored in the third heat storage layer 4. Therefore, in this case, the amount of late-night power used can be greatly reduced.
[0032]
FIG. 12 (G) and subsequent figures show examples of preventing indoor temperature rise in the summer or actively cooling.
(G) of the figure is a state of daytime in summer, and the damper D7 communicating with the outside and the damper D10 at the top of the second floor are opened. Accordingly, the dampers D1, D8, and D9 are opened so that an air passage having the damper D7 as an inlet and the damper D10 as an outlet is formed in the south surface portion of the house 1. In the passages S1 and S5 facing the south, the temperature of the air rises, and the heated air flows out from the damper D10 that is open through the heat radiation passage S6a of the second-floor roof, and the damper corresponds to this negative pressure. Outside air flows from D7. That is, outside air always flows in the south part of the house, and heat on the wall surface and the like is released from the damper D10 together with the air flow to prevent the temperature of the room from rising above a certain temperature. In this case, it is naturally possible to actively cool the room using a cooling device, but even when such an artificial cooling means is used, heat is actively removed by the air flow passing through the passage. Therefore, the cooling efficiency is high. Therefore, the consumption of cooling energy such as electricity can be reduced to that extent.
[0033]
(H) and (I) shown in FIG. 13 show the cooling state at night in summer.
First, in (I), the dampers D8 and D13 are closed, and the dampers D1, D4, D5, D6, D3, and D2 are opened to form an air circulation passage on the first floor F1. In this case, the heating passage S1, which is a light receiving surface on which the heat insulating material 6 is not disposed between the outside and the outside, serves as a heat release portion that releases heat to the outside, so that the heat radiated in the passage S1 descends the passage S1. The passage S4 (S4a, S4b, S4c) goes up the passage S3 and reaches the passage S1 from the ceiling passage S2, and the flow is opposite to the air flow during heat storage shown in FIG. By performing the circulation flow, the heat of the room or the heat storage layer is released to the outside mainly through the passage S1.
[0034]
In the configuration shown in FIG. 13 (I), the dampers D1 and D2 are closed to stop the air circulation flow in the passage on the first floor F1, the dampers D8, D13, and D12 are opened, and the dampers D9, D10, D11 is closed, and the passages S2, S7, S6b, and S5 are communicated. In the passage S5, heat is released to the outside, and the air whose temperature is lowered descends the passage S5. It is configured to release heat.
[0035]
(J) and (K) shown in FIG. 14 show the case where a passage is formed so as to increase the amount of heat released. That is, FIGS. 13 (H) and 13 (I) are settings for reducing the amount of heat released, and for example, the cooling configuration is effective in the case of the beginning of autumn after the midsummer or in early spring. The settings of (J) and (K), particularly (K) are effective in midsummer.
[0036]
First, in FIG. 13 (I), the difference from FIG. 13 (I) is that the damper D12 is closed and the dampers D11 and D9 are opened so that the ceiling passage is changed from the passage S6b to S6a in FIG. 13 (I). There is in point. By setting the ceiling portion passage to S6a, the air passing through the ceiling portion passage S6a radiates heat from the roof portion, and the heat radiation area including the passage S5 can be set larger.
[0037]
In (K), in addition to the passage set in (J) above, the dampers D1 and D2 are also opened, so that heat is also radiated by forming passages S1, S4, and S3 through which air flows on the first floor F1. The section is set to increase the cooling effect by setting the passages S6a, S5, S1 and thereby the heat radiation area larger.
[0038]
The settings shown as (L) and (M) in FIG. 15 and the settings shown as (N) in FIG. 16 show examples of air passage settings in the configuration shown in FIG.
FIG. 15 (L) is configured to form a passage as a closed circuit in the house 1 to increase the heat storage efficiency. That is, the dampers D4, D6, D1, D20, D9, D11, D25, D2, D14, and D15 are opened so that air flows through the first floor F1 and the second floor F2. Also, the fan 10 is operated. As a result, the air is first heated by sunlight in the order of the passages S1 and S5 and the passage S6a of the roof portion, and the most heated air is forcibly lowered by the fan 10, and the passages S7, S2, S3, S4 (S4a, Passing through S4b and S4c), the heat is transferred to each of the heat storage layers 2, 3 and 4 to be stored.
[0039]
(M) shows a configuration for storing heat in each heat storage layer while performing ventilation.
In this example (L) In this case, the dampers D16, D18, D23, D21, and D24 that have been closed are opened, and a path that allows inflow of outside air and exhaust of the room is formed. In addition, FIG. (L) Then, the open dampers D9, D17, D20 are closed. As a result, the outside air flows into the passage S6a through the damper D9. After being heated and heated in the passage S6a, the fan 10 is forcibly lowered through the passage similar to the above (M) by the fan 10, and each heat storage layer 2, 3 Heat is transferred to 4. The air transferred to the third heat storage layer 4 flows into the room on the first floor F1 through the damper D16, and further flows into the room on the second floor F2 through the dampers D18 and D21. Subsequently, the heat is transferred to the air descending the passage 7 via the heat exchange means 11 via the damper D24 and then discharged to the outside. If a temperature sensor is arranged in this heat exchanging section and the temperature of the air discharged to the outside is lower than the air descending the passage S7, the damper D11 is closed, or another not shown It is also possible to configure the heat exchange to be stopped by using the exhaust path.
[0040]
(N) shown in FIG. 16 is a modification of FIG. In this example, the damper D24 is closed, the damper D22 is opened, and the heat exchange means to be used is indicated by reference numeral 11 From It changes to what is shown with the code | symbol 12. FIG. This heat exchanging means 12 is disposed in the vicinity of the outside air inflow portion, and is therefore hardly heated in the passage S6a. For this reason, The air at the time of flowing into the passage S6a It is cooler than the air exhausted outdoors The For this reason In the heat exchanging means 12, the heat of the exhaust is transferred to the air flowing into the passage S6a so as to increase the thermal efficiency.
[0041]
(O) and (P) shown in FIG. 17 show still another modification. First, the setting of (O) shows the setting state of the air flow path when the temperature of the air reaching the heat storage layer 2 becomes lower than that of the heat storage layer 2. In this case, the dampers D25 and D13 are opened with respect to the configuration (N), and the air descending the passage S7 is not caused to flow into the passage S2 by the fan 10, that is, the passage S3 is lowered as it is by bypassing the passage S2. The heat storage layer 3 is set in the passage S4a, and the heat storage layer 4 is set in the passages S4b and S4c.
[0042]
FIG. 7P further shows the flow path setting state when the temperature of the air to be heat-exchanged is lower than the temperature of the heat storage layer 2 as well as the heat storage layer 2. In this case, D3 is also opened in addition to the damper D13, and the air descending through the passages S7 and S3 is directly introduced into the passages S4b and S4c so as to transfer heat only to the heat storage layer 4. In addition, it is naturally possible to set the air flow path in the order of the heat storage layer 4, the heat storage layer 3, and the heat storage layer 2 by setting the opening and closing of each damper. Moreover, the setting shown by (O) and (P) can be naturally implemented with respect to the house in which the heat storage layer 3 is not originally provided, the house in which the heat storage layer 2 is not provided, etc.
[0043]
The configuration of the present invention has been described above, taking various settings of the air passage as an example, but by adjusting the installation position and number of dampers as appropriate, further settings can be made corresponding to the season, climate, outside air temperature, etc. Of course it is possible to do. Also, the number of heat storage layers installed is not limited to the three shown in the figure, and the configuration of each heat storage layer can be set as appropriate according to the characteristics of the structure. For example, all the heat storage layers are filled with a liquid such as water. As with the setting of the passage, it is possible to select freely according to the type, size, installation location, etc. of the structure, such as configuring all the heat storage layers with solid heat storage materials such as concrete. Is possible.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention is configured such that the passage through which a heat transfer medium such as air passes can be changed, and one or more heat storage layers are disposed in the vicinity of the passage, and the season, outdoor temperature By changing the setting of the passage as appropriate according to the weather, heat storage for the heat storage layer, heating by heat radiation from the heat storage layer is basically performed using natural energy such as sunlight, etc. It is possible to minimize or not use artificial energy.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view centering on a first floor portion of a house showing a basic configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view centering on a first floor portion of a house showing another basic configuration of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a heat storage layer showing an arrangement state of each heat storage layer and an air passage.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing another configuration of the third heat storage layer shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of a fluid-filled pipe embedded in a third heat storage layer.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a two-story house showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a two-story house showing another embodiment of the present invention.
9 shows the operating state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 7, (A) is a diagram showing an example of the operating state during winter daytime clear weather, and (B) is an example of the operating state during winter night clear weather. FIG.
10 shows the operating state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 7, (D) shows an example of the operating state during winter daytime rainy weather, and (E) shows an example of the operating state during winter daytime cloudy weather. FIG.
11 (E) shows an example of a cloudy daytime in the winter day when the electric heater using night electricity is installed in the third heat storage layer in the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. FIG.
12 (F) is an example of an operating state during sunny daytime in winter in a configuration in which an electric heater using night electricity is installed for the third heat storage layer in the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. The figure to show, (G) is a figure which shows an example of the operation state of the daytime in the summer of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG.
13 shows an operating state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 7, (H) is a diagram showing an example of the operating state during summer night clear weather, and (I) is another operating state during summer night clear weather. FIG.
FIG. 14 shows the operating state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 7, (J) is a diagram showing another example of the operating state during summer daytime fine weather, and (K) is yet another during summer nighttime fine weather. It is a figure which shows the operating state of.
FIG. 15 shows a heat storage operation state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 8, (L) shows an example of the operation state at the time of winter night clear weather, and (M) shows another example of the winter daytime clear weather. It is a figure which shows an operation state.
16 is a diagram showing still another heat storage operation state during the sunny daytime in the winter of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 8, which is the configuration shown as (N).
FIGS. 17A and 17B show still another heat storage operation state of the air-conditioning structure in the two-story house shown in FIG. 8, and FIG. 17L shows an example of the operation state during sunny daytime in winter. The figure which shows, (M) is a figure which shows the other operating state at the time of a fine daytime in winter.
FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view centered on the first floor portion of a house having a solar heating structure of a conventional configuration.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 house
2 First heat storage layer
3 Second heat storage layer
4 3rd heat storage layer
5 Heat collecting surface
6 Insulation
7, 8 Heat transfer member
9 Liquid filled pipe
10 (For forced circulation) fan
11, 12 Heat exchange means
13 Electric heater (using midnight power)
D1-D25 damper
S1 to S7 (for heating medium air) passage
F1 ground floor
F2 second floor

Claims (3)

Natural thermal energy such as solar and heat-storage layer and a heating and cooling structures suitably operably configure this heat passage heat storage layer through the heat transfer medium, such as air to a structure such as a house And the passage is formed so that the route of passage of the heat transfer medium can be changed, and the heat storage layer is a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the structure. passage through the heat transfer medium, the temperature change of the plurality of stages arranged heat storage layer, along the temperature gradient of the heat storage layer, in order from the hot side of the heat storage layer, or to flow from the cold side of the heat storage layer in this order An air conditioning structure of a structure using a heat storage layer, characterized in that the setting of the passage can be changed. Natural thermal energy such as solar and heat-storage layer and a heating and cooling structures suitably operably configure this heat passage heat storage layer through the heat transfer medium, such as air to a structure such as a house In the cooling / heating structure of the structure, the passage is formed so that the passage of the heat transfer medium can be changed, and the heat storage layer is arranged in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction of the structure. Compare the temperature of the heat medium with the temperature of each heat storage layer.When the temperature of the heat transfer medium is lower than that of the heat storage layer during heating, the heat transfer medium flows by bypassing this heat storage layer, and heat transfer during cooling A cooling and heating structure for a structure using a heat storage layer, characterized in that the passage of the heat transfer medium is set by bypassing the heat storage layer whose temperature is higher than that of the heat storage layer. The passage of the heat transfer medium is formed with a passage that is open to the outside so that the outside air can flow in and the room air can be discharged, and the outside air inflow or the room air outflow can be transmitted through the passage. The member for performing heat exchange with the heat medium is disposed. The structure heating and cooling structure using the heat storage layer according to claim 1 or 2 .

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