JP4446358B2 - Pile fabric - Google Patents

Description

★
【００７０】
【発明の効果】
本発明のパイル布帛により、優れたパイル面のカバリング性、耐光堅牢度、耐毛倒れ性、耐白ボケ性と共に、フィラメント糸条使いでありながらソフトでスパン調な風合いと粒感を有する高級感のあるスパン調パイル布帛を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明のパイル布帛の一例における断面写真である。
【図２】図１のＰの部分を拡大して示したパイル布帛の拡大図である。
【符号の説明】
ａ：交絡パイル
ｂ：非交絡パイル
ｃ：繊維Ａ
ｄ：繊維Ｂ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pile fabric suitable for vehicle interior, home interior, office interior, exhibition hall interior or clothing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various fabrics such as woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, pile knitted fabrics, leather, and leather-like fabrics are used as fabrics for vehicle interiors. Of these, fabrics that are used in particular are pile fabrics called moquettes, tricot raised fabrics, double raschel knitted fabrics, and the like.
[0003]
These fabrics have been improved because they are required to have softness, high covering properties, hair fall resistance, white blurring resistance, light fastness, high-quality sensation, and the like. For example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-126941, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 62-21842 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63/1993 disclose a hair fall resistance by providing irregularities on the front end surface of a cut pile made of at least two types of filaments having different finenesses. -59454 uses a flat yarn to provide softness and a feeling of napping and ground see-through, and Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 62-268855 and 63-105143 use a polyester fiber having a core-sheath structure. The thing which improved white blur resistance by this was proposed.
[0004]
However, any of the above prior arts can provide a spanned pile fabric that has a soft appearance such as hair fall resistance and pile surface covering properties, as well as a spanned appearance and feel while using filament yarn. It is not done.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has an excellent pile surface covering property, light fastness, hair fall resistance, white blur resistance, etc., and has a high-grade feeling with a soft and span tone texture and grain feeling while using filament yarn. The object is to provide a spanned pile fabric.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention has the following configuration.
That is, the pile is composed of a polyester fiber A having a birefringence of 110 to 150 × 10 ^{−3 and} a polyester fiber B having a birefringence of 20 to 50 × 10 ⁻³ , and the fiber A has a crimp degree of 2 to 15%. The fiber B is a pile fabric in which the degree of crimp is 10% or more higher than that of the fiber A and the pile in which the fibers A and B are entangled is mixed.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0008]
In the pile fabric of the present invention, it is important that the pile is composed of a polyester fiber A having a birefringence of 110 to 150 × 10 ^{−3 and} a polyester fiber B having a birefringence of 20 to 50 × 10 ^−3. .
[0009]
When the fiber A having a high birefringence and the fiber B having a low birefringence are dyed in the same bath, the fiber A is dyed slightly lighter than the fiber B, and the single fiber of the fiber A and the single fiber of the fiber B are The pile part in which the fibers are mixed has a marbling feeling, and the pile part in which the single yarns of the fibers A and B are separately converged has a strong feeling of wrinkle.
[0010]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an example of a cross-sectional photograph of a pile fabric of the present invention.
[0011]
As can be seen from the pile side shape in FIG. 1, when the yarn shape in which the fiber A having a high birefringence index and the fiber B having a low birefringence index are subjected to the same crimping process is used as the pile yarn, the wavelength and wave height of the crimp are different. As a cut pile fiber, single fibers such as fiber A and fiber B are easily dispersed, and a pile fabric having a high covering property on the pile surface can be obtained.
[0012]
The range of the birefringence in the present invention is such that when the birefringence of the fiber A is less than 110 × 10 ⁻³ , the difference in dyeing property and crimp developability with the fiber B is reduced, and the birefringence is 150 × 10 ^{−. In the} case of exceeding ³ , the processability in the crimped yarn manufacturing process is deteriorated, and quality problems may occur. Therefore, it is important that the fiber A is 110 to 150 × 10 ⁻³ . In order to maintain the restraint property between the fibers in the form of a yarn in which the fiber B is swirled in the fiber A, it is preferably 120 to 140 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0013]
On the other hand, when the birefringence of the fiber B is less than 20 × 10 ⁻³ , there is a problem that the light fastness is lowered because the fiber orientation is not advanced. Conversely, when the birefringence exceeds 50 × 10 ^−3. However, since the characteristics of the fiber A are close to each other, the difference in the crimpability of the pile is reduced, and at the same time, there is a problem that the appearance change is small and the covering property of the pile is lowered. Therefore, it is important that the fiber B is in the range of 20 to 50 × 10 ⁻³ . In order to obtain a moderately crimped form and yarn form, it is preferably in the range of 30 to 45 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0014]
In the pile fabric of the present invention, it is important that the crimping degree of the fiber B is 10% or more larger than that of the fiber A having a crimping degree of 2 to 15%.
[0015]
When the difference in crimping degree between the fibers A and B is small, graininess is not exhibited and the shape change is small, so that the appearance of the span tone and the texture may be poor. In order to exhibit a suitable grain feeling and texture, a crimp degree difference within a range of 10 to 25% is preferable.
[0016]
It is important that the degree of crimp of the fiber A is in the range of 2 to 15%. If the degree of crimp is extremely low and less than 2% due to strong entanglement or low-temperature setting, the soft texture or the feel of raw silk will be poor. On the other hand, if the degree of crimp exceeds 15%, the napping property deteriorates and at the same time a felt touch texture is obtained. On the other hand, the crimp degree of the fiber B is preferably 12 to 30% in order to obtain an appropriate grain feeling and texture.
[0017]
Furthermore, the pile fabric of the present invention needs to include a pile in which fibers A and B are entangled.
[0018]
As described above, the fiber A is dyed lighter than the fiber B due to the difference in birefringence, and the pile portion where the single fiber of the fiber A and the single fiber of the fiber B are mixed has a marbling feeling. The pile portion where the single yarn yarns of B are separately converged gives a strong feeling of wrinkle. When the entangled portion and the non-entangled portion are mixed, the pile having such a difference in dyeing expresses a non-uniform pattern, and a pile fabric rich in appearance change is obtained.
[0019]
The density of the entangled piles is desirably 20 to 120 / cm ² .
[0020]
When the density of the entangled piles is 120 / cm ² or less, the fabric has excellent soft touch and covering properties, and the appearance is also suitable. On the other hand, when the density of the entangled piles is 20 pieces / cm ² or more, a fabric rich in span grain feeling, texture and appearance change can be obtained while having a texture like a processed yarn. In order to obtain a high-grade span-like pile fabric, a pile density of 40 to 80 / cm ² is more preferable.
[0021]
Furthermore, in the pile fabric of the present invention, the number of false twists in the process for producing a crimped yarn of the pile yarn is preferably in the range of 15000 ≦ T · D ^1/2 ≦ 30000.
[0022]
T ・ D ^1/2 is 15000 or more to prevent emphasis on the texture of raw silk with poor crimpability and poor grain feeling of fiber A and fiber B. On the contrary, the texture and feel of processed yarn are emphasized. In order to prevent this, T · D ^1/2 is desirably 30000 or less. If it is out of this range, in addition to the yarn having a spanned texture and a poor appearance, the covering property and the napping property are deteriorated when a pile fabric is used. Furthermore, in order to obtain a high-grade span-like fabric that has good crimping properties with low crimping properties, the number of false twists is more preferably in the range of 20000 ≦ T · D ^1/2 ≦ 28000. preferable.
[0023]
Further, the weight ratio expressed by A / B of the fiber A having a birefringence of 110 to 150 × 10 ^{−3 and} the fiber B having a birefringence of 20 to 50 × 10 ⁻³ is in a range of 35/65 to 65/35. It is desirable to be.
[0024]
When A / B is less than 35/65, the ratio of fiber B is large, which may lead to a decrease in light fastness, and when it exceeds 65/35, the number of crimps is low and the covering property of the pile surface is reduced. However, there may be a lack of feeling of span grain and texture. More preferably, the range of 40/60 to 50/50 is good in order to prevent worms on the pile surface.
[0025]
In the pile fabric of the present invention, the single fiber fineness of the fibers A and B constituting the pile is preferably 0.5 to 6 denier.
[0026]
If it is less than 0.5 denier, a soft texture can be obtained, but the fabric tends to fall down, and the white blur resistance and wear resistance may be lowered. On the other hand, if it exceeds 6 deniers, the bending rigidity of the fibers may increase and a soft texture may not be obtained. More preferably 1.5 to 4 denier to obtain a soft spun-pile fabric.
[0027]
In order to produce the crimped yarn of the present invention, a 100 denier 48 filament polyester yarn that imparts a crimping degree of 2 to 15% as a fiber A having a birefringence of 110 to 150 × 10 ⁻³ , birefringence A 125 denier 36 filament polyester yarn that gives a crimp degree of 10% or more higher than that of the fiber A as the fiber B having a rate of 20 to 50 × 10 ⁻³ is supplied to a one-process crimping machine. Interlaced and mixed at an air pressure of 5 kg / cm ² with an interlace nozzle between 2% overfeed of two yarns supplied simultaneously. Next, a yarn is obtained by crimping by a friction method under the conditions of 0% feed, preliminary combustion number 1800 T / M, and set temperature 195 ° C.
[0028]
The structure of the pile fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be a pile fabric called a moquette or a knitted fabric such as a tricot / double raschel.
[0029]
【Example】
A method for measuring various characteristics described in the present invention is described below.
[Birefringence]
The birefringence Δn is the difference between the refractive index (n〓) for light polarized perpendicular to the fiber axis and the refractive index (n‖) for light polarized parallel to the fiber axis, Δn = n∥−n〓 and measured by a conventional method using a polarizing microscope equipped with a compensator (so-called compensator method).
[Crimping degree]
The pile is cut on the ground yarn surface of the pile fabric, divided into fiber A and fiber B, and further decomposed into each single fiber. The decomposed monofilament was sandwiched between two transparent plates, the crimp was flattened, a 50 × magnified photograph was taken, and the length between both ends of the pile was measured to be l ₀ . Next, using a path adjusted to an interval of 3 mm, the length was measured along the pile fiber on the photograph to give l ₁ .
[0030]
The degree of crimp = [(l ₁ −l ₀ ) / l ₁ ] × 100 (%) was calculated to obtain the degree of crimp (measured for 20 single fibers for each of fiber A and fiber B, and the average ) [Entanglement pile density]
The cross-section of the pile fabric was cut at a right angle, sampled to a length of 1 cm, and then an electron micrograph magnified 20 times was taken. From this photo, the number of pile yarns entangled was counted. Similarly, the measurement was performed in the same manner on the longitudinal section of the pile fabric. Each was averaged from five measurements, and was converted into a width × length per square centimeter to determine the entangled pile density.
[Fineness]
The cross-section of the pile yarn was cut at a right angle, and an electron micrograph magnified 400 times was taken. A 1 mm square graph paper was placed on the enlarged view and the cross section was copied. The cross-sectional area was determined by measuring the number of 1 mm square in the enlarged view (cross-sectional photographic method).
[0031]
Fineness = [((cross-sectional area × 9000) / (magnification) ² ) × specific gravity] (d) was calculated to obtain the fineness (average of fiber A and fiber B was calculated 5 times).
[Span tone texture]
The surface texture of the pile fabric was subjected to a sensory judgment, and the texture obtained by multiplying the soft feeling and the smooth feeling to the coarse feeling was evaluated in seven stages as a spanned texture.
[Hair fall resistance]
The plate cloth was left for 2 hours in a hot air dryer at 80 ° C. with a load of 8 cmφ and 2 kg on the pile fabric, and then the pile fabric was taken out from the hot air dryer. After removing the load, the state of the portion where the load was placed and the portion where the load was not placed was visually judged and evaluated from 7 to 7 from excellent to impossible.
[Covering properties]
The surface crazing and worm-eating state of the pile fabric were visually determined and evaluated from 7 to 7 from excellent to impossible.
[White blur resistance]
Cut four pile fabrics into a 10 x 10 cm square and place it on the upper left so that the vertical direction is up and down, place it on the upper right so that the normal horizontal direction is left and right, and place the reverse horizontal direction on the lower left. It was placed so that it was in the left-right direction, and placed on the lower right so that the reverse vertical direction was in the up-down direction.
[0032]
In addition, the result of said 7-step evaluation was shown by (double-circle), (circle)-(double-circle), (circle), (triangle | delta)-(circle), (triangle | delta), x- (triangle | delta), x in the table | surface.
[0033]
Example 1
Using a normal polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 2.0% by weight of titanium oxide, melt spinning and drawing were performed to produce a fiber A having 100 denier 48 filaments. The birefringence was 140 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0034]
Further, melt spinning was performed using a normal polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 0.4% by weight of titanium oxide to produce a fiber B of 125 denier 36 filaments. The birefringence was 30 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0035]
The fiber A and the fiber B are simultaneously supplied, the entanglement overfeed rate is 2%, and entangled at an air pressure of 5 kg / cm ² by an interlace nozzle, then the false twist number is 1800 t / m, the heater temperature is 195 ° C., A crimped yarn was produced under the condition of a feed rate of 0% during false twisting.
[0036]
The crimped yarn was rolled back into soft-wound cheese and then dyed in gray using a high-temperature cheese dyeing method using a normal disperse dye.
[0037]
Further, two dyed yarns described above were twisted at 80 t / m to obtain pile yarns.
[0038]
The base yarn is a double yarn of 100 denier polyester and 150 denier 30 filament, pile warp density = 48 / in, ground warp density = 48 / in, weft density = 45 / in, pile length = 2 After weaving the double woven moquette under the condition of 6 mm, the pile fabric was produced by separating and shaving the hair. The obtained pile fabric was made into a pile fabric by a normal moquette finishing process.
[0039]
From the obtained pile fabric, the pile entangled pile density was 47 pieces / cm ² , the crimping degree of the fiber A was 4.6%, and the crimping degree of the fiber B was 23.8%.
[0040]
The pile fabric has a good covering property (the surface of the pile has no large worm-eaten state and has an appropriate gap), has a soft texture of the filament, and has a raised texture like a spun yarn and an appropriate feeling of smoothness. A pile fabric having a high-grade span texture and grain feeling was obtained. In addition, the pile fabric was excellent in hair fall resistance, white blur resistance, light fastness and the like.
[0041]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0042]
Example 2
In Example 1, a pile fabric was manufactured by reducing only the weft density to 40 / in. From the obtained pile fabric, the pile entangled pile density was 38 pieces / cm ^{2. The} pile fabric was excellent in covering property, good fabric performance, light weight and low in spite of being woven under low density conditions. It was excellent in economics such as cost reduction.
[0043]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0044]
Example 3
A normal polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 2.0% by weight of titanium oxide was melt-spun and drawn to produce a fiber A of 125 denier 72 filaments. The birefringence was 135 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0045]
Using an ordinary polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 0.4% by weight of titanium oxide, melt spinning was performed to produce a fiber B having 100 denier 36 filaments. The birefringence was 32 × 10 ⁻³ .
[0046]
A crimped yarn and a pile fabric were produced under the same conditions as in Examples 1 and 2 in which the fibers A and B were in the reverse ratio.
[0047]
From the obtained pile fabric, the pile entangled pile density = 41 / cm ² , the crimping degree of the fiber A = 4.1%, and the crimping degree of the fiber B = 25.3%.
[0048]
As a pile fabric, the covering property and fabric performance were good in spite of weaving under a low density condition, and the economy was excellent as in the case of Example 2 which was excellent in span tone texture and grain feeling.
[0049]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0050]
Example 4
Using a normal polyethylene terephthalate chip containing 2.0% by weight of titanium oxide, melt spinning and drawing were performed to produce a fiber A having 100 denier 96 filaments. The birefringence was 138 × 10 ⁻³ . As the fiber B, the same fiber as in Example 1 was used. Subsequent processing steps produced crimped yarn and pile fabric as in Examples 1 and 2.
[0051]
From the obtained pile fabric, the pile entangled pile density = 40 / cm ² , the crimping degree of the fiber A = 3.8%, and the crimping degree of the fiber B = 21.6%.
[0052]
The pile fabric has a good covering property (no large worm-eaten state on the surface of the pile and has an appropriate gap), and includes a pile fiber of about 1 denier single yarn, and therefore has a softer texture than Example 2. was gotten. In addition, the pile fabric had a nap-like texture and a grainy texture, having a nap-like texture, a moderate smooth feeling, and a high-class feel that is also excellent in the resistance to falling over hair and white boke.
[0053]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0054]
Comparative Example 1
In the same manner as in Example 1, a yarn having a birefringence of 100 × 10 ⁻³ was produced as the fiber A by the same process. The fiber B used in Example 1 (birefringence index = 30 × 10 ⁻³ ) was used. Subsequent processing steps produced crimped yarn and pile fabric as in Example 1. With this birefringence, the processed tension was reduced in the crimped yarn manufacturing process, resulting in a yarn with no volume.
[0055]
The pile fabric thus obtained had a high pile entanglement pile density and a pile with no volume feeling.
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0056]
Comparative Example 2
Similarly to Example 1, a yarn having a birefringence of 160 × 10 ⁻³ was produced as the fiber A by the same process. As the fiber B, the fiber of Example 1 (birefringence index = 30 × 10 ⁻³ ) was used.
[0057]
Subsequent processing steps produced crimped yarn and pile fabric as in Example 1.
[0058]
In this birefringence, since the difference in elongation between the fiber A and the fiber B becomes too large, tarmi is generated and the passability in the crimping process is deteriorated. Problems occur.
[0059]
Although the obtained pile fabric did not have a big difference in the entanglement pile density of a pile and the characteristic of a pile fabric, it became a little inferior in napping property and covering property. Span tone was obtained as the texture.
[0060]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0061]
Comparative Example 3
A fiber A having a birefringence of 140 × 10 ⁻³ as in Example 1 was used, and a fiber B having a birefringence of 15 × 10 ⁻³ was produced. Subsequent processing steps produced crimped yarn and pile fabric as in Example 1.
[0062]
With this birefringence of the fiber B, the viscosity of the fiber becomes too low, resulting in poor confounding and generation of fuzz, and the workability is also poor.
[0063]
Although the obtained pile fabric does not have a large difference in the density of the entangled piles of the pile, there is a concern about the durability of the fiber B, or some spots are seen in the grain feeling and napiness, and the luxury feeling is lacking. It was a pile fabric.
[0064]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0065]
Comparative Example 4
A fiber A having a birefringence of 140 × 10 ⁻³ as in Example 1 was used. Fiber B produced a yarn having a birefringence of 80 × 10 ⁻³ . Subsequent processing steps produced crimped yarn and pile fabric as in Example 1.
[0066]
With this birefringence of fiber B, the difference in elongation between fiber A and fiber B was small, so the crimped form of fiber A and fiber B was similar, and the yarn appearance was poor in characteristics.
[0067]
The obtained pile fabric was also inferior in the feel of a spanned grain with an emphasis on the processed yarn tone and the texture.
[0068]
The evaluation characteristics of the pile fabric are shown in Table 1.
[0069]
[Table 1]

★
[0070]
【The invention's effect】
The pile fabric of the present invention provides excellent pile surface covering, light fastness, anti-falling hair, and white bokeh resistance, as well as a soft and span tone texture and grain feel while using filament yarn. A spanned pile fabric can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional photograph of an example of a pile fabric of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a pile fabric in which a portion P in FIG. 1 is enlarged.
[Explanation of symbols]
a: entangled pile b: non-entangled pile c: fiber A
d: Fiber B

Claims (5)

The pile is composed of a polyester fiber A having a birefringence of 110 to 150 × 10 ^{−3 and} a polyester fiber B having a birefringence of 20 to 50 × 10 ⁻³ , and the fiber A has a crimp degree of 2 to 15%. The pile fabric is characterized in that the fiber B has a crimp degree of 10% or more higher than that of the fiber A, and a pile in which the fiber A and the fiber B are entangled is mixed. The pile fabric according to claim 1, wherein the density of the pile in which the fiber A and the fiber B are entangled is 20 to 120 pieces / cm ² in the pile fabric. The pile fabric according to claim 1 or 2, comprising a pile yarn having a false twist number of 15000 ≦ T · D ^1/2 ≦ 30000.
here,
T: false twist number,
D: Total fineness of fiber A and fiber B The pile fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a weight ratio represented by A / B of the fiber A and the fiber B constituting the pile portion is 35/65 to 65/35. The pile fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the single fiber fineness of the fiber A and the fiber B constituting the pile portion is 0.5 to 6 denier.

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