JP4450771B2 - Tillage sowing leveling device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a tilling / seeding leveling device in which, after plowing a field, the soil is leveled flat and seeds are seeded in rows at a desired depth, and the seeds are seeded at regular intervals, and the desired depth of the field is ensured even for difficult-to-handle seeds. The present invention relates to a tilling and sowing leveling device to be sown.

  In the operation of sowing seeds in the field, the field is cultivated in advance and the soil in the field is softened, and after soil disinfection, improvement, fertilization, etc., seeds are sown to cover the soil. Conventionally, in order to simultaneously perform cultivation and sowing of a field, seeding of a method in which a hopper containing seeds is stacked in a cultivator, and seeds are seeded and covered afterwards in synchronization with the traveling and cultivation of the cultivator has been proposed. ,in use. As such seeding devices, for example, those described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. 2002-272208 and 2000-139107 are known.

  These seeding devices are provided with a disc and a claw-shaped ditching means for digging a sowing groove in the field after a tilling rotary that advances the field while rotating the tilling claw and cultivates the field. A long groove is dug in the direction of travel, and then one or more seeds are sequentially dropped into the groove and seeded. Seeds are stored in bulk in the hopper, and one or more seeds are dropped into the grooves dug in the field at almost regular intervals by an escapement mechanism such as a drum or disk that rotates in synchronization with the progress of the tiller. Then, cover the soil.

  However, after providing a groove in the field in this way, in the seeding device of the method of subsequently dropping the seed into the groove, if the seed has a shape close to a sphere like soybeans, red beans, etc. In the case of elongated seeds, irregular seeds, or lightly flyable seeds, the dropped seeds are difficult to fit in the bottom of the groove. For this reason, the sowing depth is not constant. In addition, such seeds cannot be reliably removed from the hopper using an escapement mechanism such as a rotating drum or disk. Therefore, the seeding interval and the seeding amount tend to vary.

  In the field of paddy rice cultivation in recent years, instead of planting rice seedlings grown in a nursery device in paddy fields, for example, as described in JP 2000-333511 A, rice straw is directly applied to a field that is not watered. A so-called direct sowing rice cultivation method has been developed, in which the seedlings are not sprinkled with water or are sprinkled with shallow water to germinate, and after the rice has grown to some extent, the rice is sprinkled with water to form paddy fields. The rice straw used for such direct sowing method has a raised skin and is light, so it is difficult to take out from the hopper and to drop into the bottom of the groove.

JP 2004-298028 A JP 2004-73021 A JP 2002-325506 A JP 2002-272208 A JP 2000-333511 A JP 2000-139107 A JP-A-8-308319 JP-A-6-209614 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-2 JP-A-5-15209

  In view of the problems in the conventional tillage sowing leveling device, the first object of the present invention is to obtain a desired depth from the ground of the field, even for difficult-to-handle seeds such as amorphous seeds and lightly flyable seeds. It is surely sowing seeds. The second purpose is to reliably take out the seeds from the hopper in synchronism with the traveling of the traveling body and sow them in the field at almost regular intervals even for these difficult-to-handle seeds.

  In the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the seed discharge port 7 at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 to which seeds are distributed and supplied from the supply hopper 3 side through the feeder 4 is leveled with a leveling plate that flattens the cultivated field. 9 below. Then, the seed discharge port 7 was covered with a cover 8 provided under the leveling plate 9 so that the seed discharge port 7 portion of the sowing chute 6 was not buried with soil. In the feeder 4, the tip of the flexible pickup nozzle 16 provided radially on the rotating shaft 15 is taken as a negative pressure to pick up seeds on the chute 14 of the supply hopper 3, and the distribution hopper 5 at the upper end of the sowing chute 6. The seeds 20 were released and distributed and supplied.

  That is, the tilling / seeding leveling device according to the present invention is provided in the traveling body 1 that travels in the field, the tilling rotary 2 that farms the field at a desired depth, and the traveling body 1 that is provided behind the tilling rotary 2. The leveling plate 9 for leveling the moved and cultivated field flatly, the cover 8 fixed under the leveling plate 9 to prevent the soil from covering the position where the seed 20 is seeded on the field, and the seed 20 in bulk A feeder 4 that takes out one or more seeds from a supply hopper 3 stored in a shape in synchronization with the traveling of the traveling body 1 and feeds the seeds to a sowing chute 6. 8 is disposed below.

In the tillage sowing leveling apparatus according to the present invention, the seed discharge port 7 at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 is disposed under the cover 8 fixed under the leveling plate 9, so that the seed at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 is disposed. The seeds 20 discharged from the discharge port 7 are sown at a precise depth from the ground of the field leveled by the leveling plate 9. Moreover, the cover 8 provided with the seed discharge port 7 at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 is fixed under the leveling plate 9 so as to prevent the soil from covering the position where the seed 20 is sown in the field. It is possible to reliably seed the seeds 20 without being disturbed by the soil being leveled.
Further, a rolling roller 10 is provided behind the leveling plate 9 for rolling the field after seed 20 sent through the sowing chute 6 so that the field after seed 20 is rolled. As a result, the field becomes flat and the soil is less likely to be scattered by the wind on the ground of the field.

  The feeder 4 is provided on the chute 14 of the supply hopper 3 with the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 having a flexible tip at least radially provided on the shaft 15 rotating in synchronization with the traveling of the traveling body 1 as a negative pressure. The seeds are picked up and the seeds 20 are released into the distribution hopper 5 at the upper end of the sowing chute 6. In such a feeder 4, even difficult-to-handle seeds such as irregular seeds or light seeds with brushed surfaces are picked up reliably by the negative pressure at the tip of the pickup nozzle 16, and distributed and supplied to the sowing chute 6. Can be seeded.

  As described above, in the tilling / seeding leveling apparatus according to the present invention, the field after plowing with the tilling rotary 2 is leveled with the leveling plate 9 and the seed is accurately set to a desired depth from the ground of the leveled field. Can be sown. Further, in the case of using the pickup nozzle 16 having a negative pressure at the tip, it is possible to reliably distribute and supply even irregular seeds and other seeds that are difficult to handle and sow them in the field.

In the present invention, the seed discharge port 7 at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 to which seeds are distributed and supplied from the supply hopper 3 side is disposed under the leveling plate 9 that flattens the cultivated field, and the sowing chute. The seed discharge port 7 was covered with a cover 8 provided under the leveling plate 9 so that the seed discharge port 7 was not buried with soil.
Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of a tillage sowing leveling apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a vertical side view of the main part thereof, and FIG. 3 is a vertical rear view of a portion of the sowing chute shown with the traveling body side omitted. FIG.
The traveling body 1 is, for example, a tractor, a cultivator, or the like to which a tilling rotary 2 is attached, and FIG. 1 is a tractor of a type in which a person rides and runs. In addition to this, the traveling body is self-propelled by the engine, but the operator may be of the type of driving operation while walking by himself / herself.

The tilling rotary 2 attached to the rear portion of the traveling body 1 includes a plurality of sets of rotary claws in the width direction of the traveling body 1, and these rotary claws are connected to an engine drive system mounted on the traveling body 1. Rotate and plow the field.
A long leveling plate 9 is attached to the rear of the tillage rotary 2 over the width direction of the traveling body 1. This leveling plate 9 has a cylindrical bar-like one at the tip, and is applied to the ground of the field cultivated by the tillage rotary 2 to level the ground of the field. In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, “GL” indicates the ground of the farm field leveled by the leveling plate 9.

Further, a cylindrical roller-like rolling roller 10 that is long in the width direction of the traveling body 1 is rotatably supported behind the leveling plate 9. As the traveling body 1 travels, the rolling roller 10 rolls the ground of the field leveled by the leveling plate 9 and stiffens it with an appropriate pressure.
The basic functions of tilling, leveling and rolling by the traveling body 1 are as described above. In the illustrated apparatus, in addition to the basic function of the traveling body 1, the traveling body 1 is provided with a portion that performs a seeding function. This will be described below.

  A supply hopper 3 in which seeds are mounted in a bulk shape is provided above the tillage rotary 2 and the leveling plate 9 described above. A feeder 4 for taking out the seeds stored in the supply hopper 3 is provided behind the supply hopper 3. Furthermore, a seeding chute 6 having a distribution hopper 5 at the upper end is provided behind the feeder 4. As shown in FIG. 3, the seeding chute 6 is a pipe-like one that is mounted separately in the width direction of the traveling body 1. In the example shown in the figure, there are four sowing shoots 6, so that the seeds are seeded in four rows. However, how many seeds are to be sown is a matter that should be selected as needed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the supply hopper 3 has a gently inclined chute 14 for discharging the seeds therein from the bottom side little by little from the portion of the hopper body 13 storing the seeds in a bulk shape. ing. Seeds are sent to the chute 14 little by little from the hopper body 13. The top side of the chute 14 is open upward, and the feeder 4 is disposed thereon.

   As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the feeder 4 has a shaft 15 over the width direction of the chute 14 of the hopper 3, and the shaft 15 is rotatably supported at both ends by bearings 18 and 18. The shaft 15 has a hollow duct shape, and a vacuum blower 11 is connected to one end of the shaft 15 via a conversion joint 19. By driving the vacuum blower 11, air is discharged from the shaft 15, and the inside of the shaft 15 is maintained at a negative pressure. The conversion joint 19 does not transmit the rotating shaft 19 to the fixed duct on the vacuum blower 11 side, and has a function of maintaining only the connection as the duct. The rotation of the pressure roller 10 described above is transmitted to the shaft 15 via the belt 12. The rotation direction of the shaft 15 is the counter hour hand direction in FIG. 2 as indicated by an arrow in FIG.

  Pickup nozzles 16 are provided radially on the outer periphery of the hollow duct-shaped shaft 15. The pickup nozzle 16 is a tube having at least a tip that is flexible. When the vacuum blower 11 is driven, the inside of the shaft 15 is made a negative pressure so that the tip becomes a negative pressure. When the pickup nozzle 16 is below the shaft 15, its tip is directly above the chute 14 of the hopper 3 and comes into contact with the seed 20 sent to the chute 14. In the illustrated example, four pickup nozzles 16 are provided radially on the shaft 15 at 90 ° intervals. However, the number of the pick-up nozzles 16 is determined by the interval of sowing seeds in the field. The rotation ratio between the rolling roller 10 and the shaft 15 is the same. Further, the diameter of the pickup nozzle 16 is a matter that should be appropriately determined according to each element such as the size of the seed.

  At the upper end of the sowing chute 6, there is provided a distribution hopper 5 for receiving seeds discharged from the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 of the feeder 4. The opening of the distribution hopper 5 is directly below the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 when the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 is moved to the rearmost side of the traveling body 1 by the rotation of the shaft 15. A wire 17 such as a wire or a nylon wire is stretched over the opening of the distribution hopper 5 arranged in the width direction of the traveling body 1. The wire 17 is stretched at a position where the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 hits when the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 moves to the rearmost side of the traveling body 1 by the rotation of the shaft 15.

  A seed discharge port 7 at the lower end of the sowing chute 6 is led under the leveling plate 9. A metal cover 8 is attached to the leveling plate 9 via a bracket, and this cover 8 is directly below the leveling plate 9. The cover 8 has a thin and sharp tip, both sides and the bottom are closed, and only the rear surface is open. The lower end of the sowing chute 6 is inserted into the cover 8 from the rear surface thereof and fixed to the inside of the cover 8. Therefore, the seed outlet 7 of the sowing chute 6 is located in this cover 8.

As described above, first, while the traveling body 1 is traveling on the field, the field is cultivated with the tilling rotary 2, leveled with the leveling plate 9, and seeded while being pressed with the rolling roller 10. This operation will be described in more detail.
The blower 11 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is driven to depressurize the hollow duct-shaped shaft 15 shown in FIG. 2, and the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 provided radially on the shaft 15 is set to a negative pressure. Since the rotation of the pressure roller 10 is transmitted through the belt 12, the shaft 15 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 2 at a constant speed with respect to the traveling speed in synchronization with the traveling of the traveling body 1. .

  On the other hand, the seed 20 stored in the hopper body 13 is gradually sent out from the hopper 3 to the chute 14 having a gentle slope. When the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 comes on the chute 14 by the rotation of the shaft 15, the seed on the chute 14 is sucked and held at the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 by negative pressure. Thereafter, the pickup nozzle 16 is rotated by the rotation of the shaft 15, and when the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 hits the wire 17, the seed is detached from the tip of the pickup nozzle 16 and discharged to the distribution hopper 5.

  The seed 20 discharged to the distribution hopper 5 passes through the sowing chute 6 and is released from the seed discharge port 7 at the lower end thereof. Since the seed discharge port 7 is covered with the cover 8, the seed 20 is not covered with soil, and the seed 20 can be accurately discharged to the desired depth from the ground of the field leveled by the leveling plate 9. Further, the cover 8 has a pointed shape, and propulsion resistance in the soil can be minimized. By appropriately selecting the depths of the seed discharge port 7 and the cover 8 with respect to the leveling plate 9, seeds 20 can be seeded at an arbitrary depth from the ground of the field. Thereafter, the rolling roller 10 rolls the ground of the field, so that the soil scratched by the cover 8 is backfilled and the ground of the field is tightened and tightened with an appropriate pressure.

  In this way, a series of operations such as plowing, leveling, sowing, and rolling are continuously performed by traveling the traveling body 1. The seed 20 can be accurately sown at a desired depth from the ground of the field leveled by the leveling plate 9. The depth of sowing seeds in the field does not vary as in the case of dropping into grooves. Further, by using the pickup nozzle 16 by vacuum suction, seeds that are difficult to handle with an escapement mechanism using a disk or a roller can be easily taken out, distributed, and transported.

It is a schematic side view which shows one Example of the cultivation seeding leveling apparatus by this invention. It is a principal part vertical side view which shows the said Example of the cultivation seeding leveling apparatus by this invention. It is the vertical rear view of the part of the sowing chute which abbreviate | omitted and showed the traveling body side which shows the said Example of the cultivation seeding leveling apparatus by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling body 2 Tillage rotary 3 Feeding hopper 4 Feeder 5 Dispensing hopper at the upper end of the sowing chute 6 Sowing chute 7 Seed discharge port 8 at the lower end of the sowing chute 8 Cover 9 Leveling plate 10 Rolling roller 14 Feeding chute 15 Feeder shaft 16 Feeder pickup nozzle 20 seeds

Claims (3)

In the device for cultivating the field, leveling it flat and seeding the field with seeds (20) at a substantially constant interval, it is provided on the traveling body (1) that travels in the field and cultivates the field at a desired depth. A rotary (2), a leveling plate (9) provided on the traveling body (1), which moves behind the rotary rotary (2) and leveles the cultivated field flatly, and the leveling plate (9) The traveling body (1) is fixed from a cover (8) which is fixed below and prevents the soil from being applied to the position where the seed (20) is sown in the field, and a supply hopper (3) which stores the seed (20) in a bulk shape. A feeder (4) for taking out one or more seeds in synchronism with traveling and feeding them to a sowing chute (6), and a seed outlet (7) at the lower end of the sowing chute (6) is provided on the cover (8). A tilling and sowing leveling device characterized by being arranged below. The feeder (4) is a supply hopper that uses the tip of the pickup nozzle (16) that is radially provided on the shaft (15) rotating in synchronization with the traveling of the traveling body (1) as a negative pressure. The tillage according to claim 1, characterized in that the seed is picked up on the chute (14) of (3) and the seed (20) is released into the distribution hopper (5) at the upper end of the sowing chute (6). Seeding leveling equipment. The rolling roller (10) for rolling the field after sowing the seed (20) sent through the sowing chute (6) is provided behind the leveling plate (9). The tillage sowing leveling apparatus according to 1 or 2.

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